Light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a light-absorbing, heat-generating fabric and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fabrics. The light-absorbing, heat-generating fabric is produced by dry spinning using a polyurethane urea solution as raw material. The polyurethane urea solution comprises the following components: a diol, an isocyanate, a modified powder, an antibacterial agent, magnesium stearate, ethylenediamine, and a solvent. The zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes are pretreated with an alkaline solution to facilitate the subsequent adsorption of maleic acid and amino acids. The pretreated powder is coated by forming chemical bonds between the maleic acid, cinnamaldehyde, and the amino acids, thereby changing its dispersibility and compatibility in the polyurethane urea system and significantly improving its light-absorbing, heat-generating effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fabrics and relates to a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Heat-generating fabrics are fabrics that can actively generate or release heat. Based on the heat generation mechanism, heat-generating fibers are generally categorized into five types: hygroscopic, electrical, photoelectric, chemical, and phase-change. The heat generation and thermal insulation properties of heat-generating fabrics depend primarily on the fiber's morphology, structure, and chemical composition. Compared to conventional circular fibers, profiled fibers have an irregular cross-section, which prevents them from agglomerating. The larger interfiber spaces facilitate the trapping of stagnant air, thereby reducing the fabric's thermal conductivity and improving its thermal insulation. Carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional carbon nanomaterials with radial dimensions measured in nanometers and axial dimensions measured in micrometers, capped at both ends. Their body is composed of hexagonal carbon ring microstructure units, while the end caps are composed of polygonal structures containing pentagonal carbon rings. This gives them a perfect hexagonal appearance and exceptional lightness. Their unique structure also imparts exceptional mechanical, optical, and electrical properties. However, inorganic compounds like carbon nanotubes have poor compatibility with organic polymers, limiting their application in heat-generating fabrics. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric and a preparation method thereof, which have significant light-absorbing and heat-generating effects.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric, which is prepared by dry spinning using a polyurethane urea solution as a raw material, wherein the polyurethane urea solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0006]

[0007]

[0008] The preparation method of the modified powder comprises the following steps:

[0009] 1) grinding zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes, adding them to an alkaline solution, ultrasonically mixing, heating and stirring, washing the solid, and drying to obtain a pretreated powder;

[0010] 2) The pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde and anhydrous ethanol are ultrasonically mixed and then heated to a high temperature. Maleic acid and a catalyst are added and stirred for reaction. An amino acid solution is added and heated and mixed. The mixture is cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, washed and freeze-dried to obtain a modified powder.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 1), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at 300-400W for 5-8 minutes; the heating and stirring is performed at 60-70°C for 45-60 minutes; the washing is performed with deionized water until neutral; and the drying temperature is 80-85°C.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 1), the volume ratio of the zirconium carbide to the alkaline solution is 1:1.2-1.5; the mass ratio of the zirconium carbide to the carbon nanotubes is 3:1; and the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 16-20%.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 2), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at a frequency of 400-500W for 15-20 minutes; the heating temperature is heated to 70°C; the stirring reaction is performed at 70-75°C for 6-7 hours; the heating mixing is performed at 75°C for 1.5-2.0 hours; and the centrifugation is performed at a speed of 2000-3000 r / min for 15-20 minutes.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 2), the mass ratio of the pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde, anhydrous ethanol, maleic acid, catalyst and amino acid solution is 10-13:2-2.5:50-60:1.4-1.8:0.01:3-5.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 2), the concentration of the amino acid solution is 50 g / L; the amino acid is one or more of lysine, arginine and proline; and the catalyst is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the diol is polytetramethylene glycol with an Mn of 1800-2500; and the isocyanate is prepared by mixing MDI and HDI in a mass ratio of 1:4-5.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the antibacterial agent is prepared by mixing chitosan and astaxanthin in a mass ratio of 3-3.2:1; and the solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0018] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric, which comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. After mixing the diol, modified powder and isocyanate, magnesium stearate, ethylenediamine, antibacterial agent and solvent are added and continued to stir. After constant temperature treatment, a polyurethane urea solution is obtained;

[0020] S2. Using polyurethane urea solution as raw material, a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric is obtained by dry spinning.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, the stirring and mixing is carried out at a temperature of 75-80°C for 160-200 minutes; the continued stirring is carried out at a speed of 300-400 r / min for 30-40 minutes; and the constant temperature treatment is carried out at a temperature of 35-40°C for 2 days.

[0022] In step S2, the dry spinning parameters are a spinning speed of 800-900 m / min and a spinning temperature of 240-250°C.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] The present invention pre-treats zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes with an alkaline solution, which is beneficial for the subsequent adsorption of maleic acid and amino acids. The pre-treated powder is coated by forming chemical bonds between maleic acid, cinnamaldehyde and amino acids, thereby changing its dispersibility and compatibility in the polyurethane urea system, thereby significantly improving its light absorption and heat generation effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric, which is prepared by dry spinning using a polyurethane urea solution as a raw material, wherein the polyurethane urea solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0028]

[0029] The diol is polytetramethylene ether diol, and Mn is 1800;

[0030] The isocyanate is prepared by mixing MDI and HDI in a mass ratio of 1:4;

[0031] The antibacterial agent is prepared by mixing chitosan and astaxanthin in a mass ratio of 3:1;

[0032] The solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide;

[0033] The preparation method of the modified powder comprises the following steps:

[0034] 1) grinding zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes, adding them to an alkaline solution, ultrasonically mixing, heating and stirring, washing the solid, and drying to obtain a pretreated powder;

[0035] In step 1), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at 300W for 5 minutes; the heating and stirring is performed at 60°C for 45 minutes; the washing is performed with deionized water until neutral; and the drying temperature is 80°C.

[0036] In step 1), the volume ratio of the zirconium carbide to the alkaline solution is 1:1.2; the mass ratio of the zirconium carbide to the carbon nanotubes is 3:1; and the alkaline solution is a 16% by mass sodium hydroxide aqueous solution;

[0037] 2) ultrasonically mixing the pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde, and anhydrous ethanol, heating the mixture, adding maleic acid and a catalyst, stirring and reacting, adding an amino acid solution, heating and mixing, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, washing, and freeze-drying to obtain a modified powder;

[0038] In step 2), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at a frequency of 400W for 15 minutes; the heating temperature is heated to 70°C; the stirring reaction is performed at 70°C for 6 hours; the heating mixing is performed at 75°C for 1.5 hours; and the centrifugation is performed at a speed of 2000 r / min for 15 minutes.

[0039] In step 2), the mass ratio of the pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde, anhydrous ethanol, maleic acid, catalyst and amino acid solution is 10:2:50:1.4:0.01:3;

[0040] In step 2), the concentration of the amino acid solution is 50 g / L; the amino acid is lysine; and the catalyst is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0041] A method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric, the method comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1. After mixing the diol, modified powder and isocyanate, magnesium stearate, ethylenediamine, antibacterial agent and solvent are added and continued to stir. After constant temperature treatment, a polyurethane urea solution is obtained;

[0043] In step S1, the stirring and mixing is carried out at a temperature of 75° C. for 160 minutes; the continued stirring is carried out at a speed of 300 r / min for 30 minutes; and the constant temperature treatment is carried out at a temperature of 35° C. for 2 days.

[0044] S2, using polyurethane urea solution as raw material to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric by dry spinning;

[0045] In step S2, the dry spinning parameters are a spinning speed of 800 m / min and a spinning temperature of 240°C.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] A light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric, which is prepared by dry spinning using a polyurethane urea solution as a raw material, wherein the polyurethane urea solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] The diol is polytetramethylene ether diol, and Mn is 2000;

[0051] The isocyanate is prepared by mixing MDI and HDI in a mass ratio of 1:4.5;

[0052] The antibacterial agent is prepared by mixing chitosan and astaxanthin in a mass ratio of 3.1:1;

[0053] The solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide;

[0054] The preparation method of the modified powder comprises the following steps:

[0055] 1) grinding zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes, adding them to an alkaline solution, ultrasonically mixing, heating and stirring, washing the solid, and drying to obtain a pretreated powder;

[0056] In step 1), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at 350W for 6 minutes; the heating and stirring is performed at 65°C for 52 minutes; the washing is performed with deionized water until neutral; and the drying temperature is 82.5°C.

[0057] In step 1), the volume ratio of the zirconium carbide to the alkaline solution is 1:1.35; the mass ratio of the zirconium carbide to the carbon nanotubes is 3:1; and the alkaline solution is an 18% by mass sodium hydroxide aqueous solution;

[0058] 2) ultrasonically mixing the pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde, and anhydrous ethanol, heating the mixture, adding maleic acid and a catalyst, stirring and reacting, adding an amino acid solution, heating and mixing, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, washing, and freeze-drying to obtain a modified powder;

[0059] In step 2), the ultrasonic mixing is carried out at a frequency of 450W for 18 minutes; the heating temperature is heated to 70°C; the stirring reaction is carried out at 72°C for 6.5 hours; the heating mixing is carried out at 75°C for 1.8 hours; and the centrifugation is carried out at a speed of 2500 r / min for 18 minutes.

[0060] In step 2), the mass ratio of the pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde, anhydrous ethanol, maleic acid, catalyst and amino acid solution is 12:2.2:55:1.6:0.01:4;

[0061] In step 2), the concentration of the amino acid solution is 50 g / L; the amino acid is lysine; and the catalyst is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0062] A method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric, the method comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. After mixing the diol, modified powder and isocyanate, magnesium stearate, ethylenediamine, antibacterial agent and solvent are added and continued to stir. After constant temperature treatment, a polyurethane urea solution is obtained;

[0064] In step S1, the stirring and mixing is carried out at a temperature of 78° C. for 180 minutes; the continued stirring is carried out at a speed of 350 r / min for 35 minutes; and the constant temperature treatment is carried out at a temperature of 38° C. for 2 days.

[0065] S2, using polyurethane urea solution as raw material to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric by dry spinning;

[0066] In step S2, the dry spinning parameters are a spinning speed of 850 m / min and a spinning temperature of 245°C.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] A light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric, which is prepared by dry spinning using a polyurethane urea solution as a raw material, wherein the polyurethane urea solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0069]

[0070] The diol is polytetramethylene ether diol, and Mn is 2500;

[0071] The isocyanate is prepared by mixing MDI and HDI in a mass ratio of 1:5;

[0072] The antibacterial agent is prepared by mixing chitosan and astaxanthin in a mass ratio of 3.2:1;

[0073] The solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide;

[0074] The preparation method of the modified powder comprises the following steps:

[0075] 1) grinding zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes, adding them to an alkaline solution, ultrasonically mixing, heating and stirring, washing the solid, and drying to obtain a pretreated powder;

[0076] In step 1), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at 400W for 8 minutes; the heating and stirring is performed at 70°C for 60 minutes; the washing is performed with deionized water until neutral; and the drying temperature is 85°C.

[0077] In step 1), the volume ratio of the zirconium carbide to the alkaline solution is 1:1.5; the mass ratio of the zirconium carbide to the carbon nanotubes is 3:1; and the alkaline solution is a 20% by mass sodium hydroxide aqueous solution;

[0078] 2) ultrasonically mixing the pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde, and anhydrous ethanol, heating the mixture, adding maleic acid and a catalyst, stirring and reacting, adding an amino acid solution, heating and mixing, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, washing, and freeze-drying to obtain a modified powder;

[0079] In step 2), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at a frequency of 500W for 20 minutes; the heating temperature is heated to 70°C; the stirring reaction is performed at 75°C for 7 hours; the heating mixing is performed at 75°C for 2.0 hours; and the centrifugation is performed at a speed of 3000 r / min for 20 minutes.

[0080] In step 2), the mass ratio of the pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde, anhydrous ethanol, maleic acid, catalyst and amino acid solution is 13:2.5:60:1.8:0.01:5;

[0081] In step 2), the concentration of the amino acid solution is 50 g / L; the amino acid is lysine; and the catalyst is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0082] A method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric, the method comprising the following steps:

[0083] S1. After mixing the diol, modified powder and isocyanate, magnesium stearate, ethylenediamine, antibacterial agent and solvent are added and continued to stir. After constant temperature treatment, a polyurethane urea solution is obtained;

[0084] In step S1, the stirring and mixing is carried out at a temperature of 80° C. for 200 minutes; the continued stirring is carried out at a speed of 400 r / min for 40 minutes; and the constant temperature treatment is carried out at a temperature of 40° C. for 2 days.

[0085] S2, using polyurethane urea solution as raw material to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric by dry spinning;

[0086] In step S2, the dry spinning parameters are a spinning speed of 900 m / min and a spinning temperature of 250°C.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 1 is different in that deionized water is used instead of the alkaline solution, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0089] Comparative Example 2

[0090] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 2 is different in that cinnamaldehyde is not used in Comparative Example 2, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 3 is different in that maleic acid is not used in Comparative Example 3, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0093] Comparative Example 4

[0094] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 4 is different in that no amino acid solution is used in Comparative Example 4, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0095] The fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0096] Light absorption and heat generation performance: in accordance with T / GDBX 012-2019 "Technical Requirements for Clothing Functionality"; 20-minute temperature rise value = 20-minute temperature - initial temperature;

[0097] Elastic elongation test: tested in accordance with ASTM D 3107-75.

[0098] Table 1 Effect of temperature rise and elastic elongation

[0099] Temperature rise in 20 minutes (℃) Elastic elongation / (%) Example 1 61.6 22 Example 2 62.1 25 Example 3 61.8 23 Comparative Example 1 50.4 20 Comparative Example 2 45.8 15 Comparative Example 3 48.3 19 Comparative Example 4 46.7 16

[0100] As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, the heating effect of the fabric prepared in Examples 1-3 of the present invention is significantly better than that of Comparative Examples 1-4. The present invention pretreats zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes with an alkaline solution, so that the shape of the powder becomes irregular and presents a cavity structure, providing more adsorption active points and more hydroxyl groups, which is beneficial to the later adsorption of maleic acid and amino acids, and improves the coating effect. Then, a large number of carboxyl groups are introduced by in-situ free radical reaction of maleic acid and cinnamaldehyde on the pretreated powder. The introduced benzene ring structure can increase its thermal stability. The interaction between the carboxyl group and the amino acid is utilized to form a chemical bond through the amino group of the amino acid and the aldehyde group to coat the pretreated powder, thereby changing its dispersibility and compatibility in the polyurethane urea system and increasing the content of hydrophilic groups. After modification, the grooves on the surface of the powder are wide and deep, the specific surface area is increased, the moisture adsorption and transfer capacity are improved, and the moisture absorption performance is improved.

[0101] The present invention utilizes the synergistic spin-coupling effect of zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes to enhance the absorption and conversion of visible light and infrared light in solar radiation, converting light energy into heat energy. At the same time, it rebounds the heat emitted by human skin and radiates far-infrared rays within a certain wavelength range to the human body, causing a local warming effect on the human body to achieve a warming effect.

[0102] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light-absorbing and heating fabric, which is made by dry spinning using polyurethane urea solution as raw material, characterized in that: The polyurethane urea solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: The preparation method of the modified powder comprises the following steps: 1) grinding zirconium carbide and carbon nanotubes, adding them to an alkaline solution, ultrasonically mixing, heating and stirring, washing the solid, and drying to obtain a pretreated powder; 2) The pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde and anhydrous ethanol are ultrasonically mixed and then heated to a high temperature. Maleic acid and a catalyst are added and stirred for reaction. An amino acid solution is added and heated and mixed. The mixture is cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, washed and freeze-dried to obtain a modified powder.

2. The light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at 300-400W for 5-8 minutes; the heating and stirring is performed at 60-70°C for 45-60 minutes; the washing is performed with deionized water until neutral; and the drying temperature is 80-85°C.

3. The light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the volume ratio of the zirconium carbide to the alkaline solution is 1:1.2-1.5; the mass ratio of the zirconium carbide to the carbon nanotubes is 3:1; and the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 16-20%.

4. The light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the ultrasonic mixing is performed at a frequency of 400-500W for 15-20 minutes; the heating temperature is heated to 70°C; the stirring reaction is performed at 70-75°C for 6-7 hours; the heating mixing is performed at 75°C for 1.5-2.0 hours; and the centrifugation is performed at a speed of 2000-3000 r / min for 15-20 minutes.

5. The light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the mass ratio of the pretreated powder, cinnamaldehyde, anhydrous ethanol, maleic acid, catalyst and amino acid solution is 10-13:2-2.5:50-60:1.4-1.8:0.01:3-5.

6. The light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the concentration of the amino acid solution is 50 g / L; the amino acid is one or more of lysine, arginine and proline; and the catalyst is azobisisobutyronitrile.

7. The light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diol is polytetramethylene ether diol with an Mn of 1800-2500; the isocyanate is prepared by mixing MDI and HDI in a mass ratio of 1:4-5.

8. The light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial agent is prepared by mixing chitosan and astaxanthin in a mass ratio of 3-3.2:1; and the solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide.

9. A method for preparing the light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. After mixing the diol, modified powder and isocyanate, magnesium stearate, ethylenediamine, antibacterial agent and solvent are added and continued to stir. After constant temperature treatment, a polyurethane urea solution is obtained; S2. Using polyurethane urea solution as raw material, a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric is obtained by dry spinning.

10. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S1, the stirring and mixing is carried out at a temperature of 75-80° C. for 160-200 minutes; the continued stirring is carried out at a speed of 300-400 r / min for 30-40 minutes; and the constant temperature treatment is carried out at a temperature of 35-40° C. for 2 days. In step S2, the dry spinning parameters are a spinning speed of 800-900 m / min and a spinning temperature of 240-250°C.

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