High-temperature-resistant and low-temperature-resistant material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-temperature-resistant and low-temperature-resistant material and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of temperature-resistant materials.The preparation method comprises the following steps that a high-temperature material and a low-temperature material are mixed, and a fiber mixture is obtained; spinning the fiber mixture to obtain base cloth; the base cloth is subjected to coating treatment and then dried and cured, and the high-temperature-resistant and low-temperature-resistant material is obtained, wherein the high-temperature material is an aerogel material, and the low-temperature material is a polyimide material. The high-temperature-resistant and low-temperature-resistant material provided by the invention can resist 1700 DEG C to the maximum, can be used for a long time within the temperature range of-269 DEG C to 280 DEG C, can be used for a long time within the limit high temperature range of 1700 DEG C and-269 DEG C and the limit low temperature range at the same time, fills the blank in the prior art, and has wide practical application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of temperature-resistant materials, and in particular to a high-temperature-resistant and low-temperature-resistant material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] High temperature and low temperature resistant materials are a class of materials with special functions. They can maintain stability under extreme temperature conditions and provide important material support for various applications. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, the performance and application fields of high temperature and low temperature resistant materials will continue to expand, and the research and development of new high temperature and low temperature resistant materials will become an important direction in the field of materials science.

[0003] At present, the main materials that are both resistant to high and low temperatures are as follows: 1. Alumina: Alumina has good high temperature resistance and can withstand high temperatures up to 2200°C. It also has good chemical corrosion resistance. At the same time, it is also stable within a certain low temperature range. 2. Titanium alloy: Titanium alloy is a lightweight material that is not only resistant to high temperatures, but also resistant to low temperatures, and has good mechanical properties and stability. 3. Ceramic materials: Ceramic materials can maintain high mechanical strength and stability in extreme low temperature environments, and they can also remain stable in high temperature environments. Alumina ceramics and silicon nitride ceramics are the most common types. These materials play an important role in specific application fields, such as aerospace, energy, and chemical industries, which often require materials to remain stable in extreme temperature environments. However, in the field of clothing, heat-resistant materials are single materials in preparation and have single functions. They can only withstand high temperatures or limited low temperatures. Materials that can be used in clothing fabrics and are both resistant to high temperatures and low temperatures have not been reported. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high temperature resistant and low temperature resistant material and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high temperature and low temperature resistant material, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Mixing the high temperature material and the low temperature material to obtain a fiber mixture;

[0007] Weaving the fiber mixture to obtain a base fabric;

[0008] The base fabric is subjected to coating treatment, and then dried and cured to obtain the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material;

[0009] Wherein, the high temperature material is an aerogel material, and the low temperature material is a polyimide material.

[0010] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the high temperature material to the low temperature material is (1-10):(3.5-7).

[0011] Furthermore, the aerogel material is silica aerogel.

[0012] Furthermore, the coating material treated with the coating is a heat-resistant coating material.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat-resistant coating includes at least one of polyamide heat-resistant paint, ceramic paint, epoxy phenolic paint, phosphate paint, silicone heat-resistant paint, phenolic heat-resistant paint, fluororesin paint, silicone high-temperature paint, boron nitride high-temperature paint and inorganic zinc-rich primer.

[0014] Furthermore, the working condition parameters of the coating treatment include: the coating treatment method includes at least one of dipping, spraying and rolling, and the coating thickness is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the working condition parameters of the drying and curing include: drying at 150° C. for 3-5 hours.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a high temperature and low temperature resistant material, wherein the high temperature and low temperature resistant material is prepared by the preparation method of the high temperature and low temperature resistant material described in any one of the first aspects.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present invention provides use of the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material described in any one of the second aspects in the preparation of clothing fabrics.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a cold-proof and heat-insulating clothing, wherein at least part of the fabric of the cold-proof and heat-insulating clothing is made of the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material described in any one of the second aspects.

[0019] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] The present invention provides a high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material and a preparation method and application thereof. The high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material provided by the present invention can withstand a maximum of 1700°C and can be used for a long time within a temperature range of -269°C to 280°C. It can simultaneously meet the requirements of long-term use within the extreme high and low temperature ranges of 1700°C and -269°C, filling the gap in the prior art and having broad practical application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for preparing a high temperature and low temperature resistant material provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a practical operation flow chart of the method for preparing high temperature and low temperature resistant materials in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0027] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high temperature and low temperature resistant material, such as Figure 1 As shown, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0028] Mixing the high temperature material and the low temperature material to obtain a fiber mixture;

[0029] Weaving the fiber mixture to obtain a base fabric;

[0030] The base fabric is subjected to coating treatment, and then dried and cured to obtain the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material;

[0031] Wherein, the high temperature material is an aerogel material, and the low temperature material is a polyimide material.

[0032] The present invention provides a method for preparing a high temperature and low temperature resistant material, which can be used in extreme high temperature conditions and extreme low temperature conditions by weaving high temperature resistant and low temperature resistant materials together. The high temperature and low temperature resistant material provided by the present invention can withstand up to 1700°C and can be used for a long time in the temperature range of -269°C to 280°C. It can simultaneously meet the long-term use in the extreme high temperature range of 1700°C and -269°C and the extreme low temperature range, filling the gap in the prior art and having a wide range of practical application value.

[0033] In some specific embodiments, the weight ratio of the high temperature material to the low temperature material is (1-10):(3.5-7).

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the aerogel material is silica aerogel.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the coating material treated with the coating is a heat-resistant coating material.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the heat-resistant coating includes at least one of polyamide heat-resistant paint, ceramic paint, epoxy phenolic paint, phosphate paint, silicone heat-resistant paint, phenolic heat-resistant paint, fluororesin paint, silicone high-temperature paint, boron nitride high-temperature paint and inorganic zinc-rich primer.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, the working condition parameters of the coating treatment include: the coating treatment method includes at least one of dipping, spraying and rolling, and the coating thickness is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the working condition parameters of the drying and curing include: drying at 150° C. for 3-5 hours.

[0039] In some specific embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the preparation method of the high temperature and low temperature resistant material provided by the present invention comprises the following process:

[0040] 1. Raw material preparation: The main raw materials of high-temperature materials and low-temperature materials need to be screened, cleaned, dried, etc.;

[0041] High temperature materials: mainly aerogel materials. Aerogel is a solid material form, the lowest density solid in the world. The density is 3 kilograms per cubic meter. The most common aerogel is silicon aerogel, which was first produced by American scientist Kistler in 1931 due to a bet with his friends. There are many types of aerogels, including silicon-based, carbon-based, sulfur-based, metal oxide-based, metal-based, etc. The main silica aerogel used here can withstand high temperatures of 1600 degrees;

[0042] Low temperature materials: mainly polyimide materials, which can withstand -276 degrees Celsius;

[0043] The paint is ordinary heat-resistant paint. The following are several common types of heat-resistant paint:

[0044] 1. Polyamide heat-resistant paint: Based on polyamide resin, it has high heat resistance and chemical resistance. It is often used for coating in high temperature environments such as petrochemical equipment, storage tanks, and pipelines.

[0045] 2. Ceramic coating: Made of ceramic powder and other additives, it has high hardness and wear resistance, as well as excellent high temperature resistance and heat insulation performance. Suitable for various high temperature equipment, industrial furnaces, etc.

[0046] 3. Epoxy phenolic paint: It is composed of epoxy resin, phenolic resin and other materials, and its heat resistance can reach 300°C. In addition to its good heat resistance, it is also oil-resistant and acid-resistant, and is often used inside pipes.

[0047] 4. Phosphate coating: It is made of phosphate as the base material, adding various high temperature resistant materials and fillers, and has good high temperature resistance and heat insulation performance. It is suitable for various high temperature equipment, industrial furnaces, etc.

[0048] 5. Silicone heat-resistant paint: Based on silicone resin, it has excellent heat resistance and can maintain stability and durability in high temperature environments. It is often used for coating surfaces such as heat-resistant equipment, chimneys, and furnaces.

[0049] 6. Phenolic heat-resistant paint: Based on phenolic resin, it has high heat resistance and chemical resistance. It is often used for coating high-temperature equipment such as heat exchangers, pipelines, boilers, etc.

[0050] 7. Fluororesin coating: Fluororesin is the main film-forming substance. It has weather resistance, heat resistance, low temperature resistance, chemical resistance, and unique non-stick and low friction properties.

[0051] 8. Silicone high temperature paint: It uses silicone resin as the main ingredient, can withstand temperatures up to 600°C, and is suitable for coating high-temperature equipment such as boilers and exhaust pipes.

[0052] 9. Boron nitride high temperature paint: Boron nitride particles are used as fillers and can usually withstand high temperatures up to 1482°C. This paint is used in extreme high temperature environments, such as spacecraft surface coating.

[0053] 10. Inorganic zinc-rich primer: It can continuously withstand high temperatures below 400 degrees and has excellent chemical anti-corrosion properties. It is mainly used for anti-corrosion of steel components in atmospheric environments.

[0054] The addition ratio of high temperature material, low temperature material and coating is 1% to 10% and 3.5% to 7%.

[0055] Process parameters: just add and stir at normal temperature.

[0056] 2. Fiber mixing: Mix high-temperature materials and low-temperature materials in proportion to form a fiber mixture.

[0057] 3. Fiber interweaving: The fiber mixture is interwoven through a textile machine to form the base fabric of the high silica cloth; the interweaving method determines the structure of the textile. Common interweaving methods include plain weave, twill weave and satin weave. Plain weave: Plain weave is one of the simplest interweaving methods, characterized by the warp and weft yarns interweaving every other yarn. The textile structure formed by this interweaving method is compact and stable, with good strength and wear resistance, but poor elasticity. Twill weave: Twill is another common interweaving method, characterized by the warp and weft yarns crossing each other at a certain angle. This interweaving method can increase the elasticity and softness of the textile, but its strength and wear resistance may be slightly inferior to plain weave. Satin weave: Satin is a more complex interweaving method, characterized by the weft yarn forming a floating long line on the warp yarn. This interweaving method can make the surface of the textile present a smooth and delicate luster, and is often used to make high-end silk and simulated silk products. However, the strength and wear resistance of satin fabrics may be relatively weak. . Different interweaving methods will affect the strength, elasticity and wear resistance of textiles, which are all based on national standards, such as GB / T 3003-2006 "High Silica Fabric" and GB18401-2010 "National Basic Safety Technical Specifications for Textile Products". These standards stipulate the classification, requirements, test methods, inspection rules of high silica fabrics and basic safety technical requirements for textiles.

[0058] 4. Coating treatment: The base fabric is coated to enhance its high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties; the coating treatment can be carried out by dipping, spraying, rolling, etc., with a thickness of 0.5mm to 1.5mm.

[0059] 5. Drying and curing: Dry and cure the coated high-silica cloth at 150°C for 3-5 hours to give it better physical properties.

[0060] 6. The finished product is completed.

[0061] It should be noted that the components and raw materials involved in the high temperature and low temperature resistant material and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention, unless otherwise specified or specifically described, can all be commercially available products. At the same time, in the preparation method of the high temperature and low temperature resistant material provided by the present invention, unless otherwise specified or specifically described, the operating steps and process parameters can all be carried out according to the existing coating preparation process, and the present invention will not repeat them one by one.

[0062] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a high temperature and low temperature resistant material, wherein the high temperature and low temperature resistant material is prepared by the preparation method of the high temperature and low temperature resistant material described in any one of the first aspects.

[0063] In a third aspect, the present invention provides use of the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material described in any one of the second aspects in the preparation of clothing fabrics.

[0064] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a cold-proof and heat-insulating clothing, wherein at least part of the fabric of the cold-proof and heat-insulating clothing is made of the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material described in any one of the second aspects.

[0065] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples that do not specify specific conditions are usually measured according to national standards. If there is no corresponding national standard, then the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed.

[0066] The main raw material product information involved in the following examples and comparative examples is as follows:

[0067] High temperature material: specifically silica aerogel, sourced from Aspen Aerogel, with a purity of 99.9%.

[0068] Low temperature material: specifically polyimide material, from Japan's Mitsui Chemicals, product model JCL6020, with a glass transition temperature of 385 degrees Celsius.

[0069] Paint: specifically, heat-insulating paint, which is from DuPont of the United States, and the product model is COOL-8.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] This example provides a method for preparing a high temperature and low temperature resistant material, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step (1): mixing a high temperature material and a low temperature material in a weight ratio of 5:6 to obtain a fiber mixture;

[0073] Step (2): interweaving the fiber mixture obtained in step (1) through a textile machine in a plain weave manner to form a base fabric of a high-silica fabric;

[0074] Step (3): The base fabric obtained in step (2) is subjected to coating treatment, the coating thickness of which is 1 mm, and then dried and cured at 150° C. for 4 hours to obtain the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This example provides a method for preparing a high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight ratio of the high-temperature material to the low-temperature material is adjusted to 10:7.

[0077] The above preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0078] Step (1): mixing a high temperature material and a low temperature material in a weight ratio of 10:7 to obtain a fiber mixture;

[0079] Step (2): interweaving the fiber mixture obtained in step (1) through a textile machine in a plain weave manner to form a base fabric of a high-silica fabric;

[0080] Step (3): The base fabric obtained in step (2) is subjected to coating treatment, the coating thickness of which is 1 mm, and then dried and cured at 150° C. for 4 hours to obtain the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] This example provides a method for preparing a high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight ratio of the high-temperature material to the low-temperature material is adjusted to 1:3.5.

[0083] The above preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0084] Step (1): mixing a high temperature material and a low temperature material at a weight ratio of 1:3.5 to obtain a fiber mixture;

[0085] Step (2): interweaving the fiber mixture obtained in step (1) through a textile machine in a plain weave manner to form a base fabric of a high-silica fabric;

[0086] Step (3): The base fabric obtained in step (2) is subjected to coating treatment, the coating thickness of which is 1 mm, and then dried and cured at 150° C. for 4 hours to obtain the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] This example provides a method for preparing a temperature-resistant material, which is different from Example 1 only in that no high-temperature material is added.

[0089] The above preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0090] Step (1): using a low temperature material as a fiber mixture;

[0091] Step (2): interweaving the fiber mixture obtained in step (1) through a textile machine in a plain weave manner to form a base fabric of a high-silica fabric;

[0092] Step (3): The base fabric obtained in step (2) is subjected to coating treatment, the coating thickness of which is 1 mm, and then dried and cured at 150° C. for 4 hours to obtain the heat-resistant material.

[0093] Comparative Example 2

[0094] This example provides a method for preparing a temperature-resistant material, which is different from Example 1 only in that no low-temperature material is added.

[0095] The above preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0096] Step (1): using a high temperature material as a fiber mixture;

[0097] Step (2): interweaving the fiber mixture obtained in step (1) through a textile machine in a plain weave manner to form a base fabric of a high-silica fabric;

[0098] Step (3): The base fabric obtained in step (2) is subjected to coating treatment, the coating thickness of which is 1 mm, and then dried and cured at 150° C. for 4 hours to obtain the heat-resistant material.

[0099] Comparative Example 3

[0100] This example provides a method for preparing a temperature-resistant material, which is different from Example 1 only in that too much high-temperature material is added, and the weight ratio of the high-temperature material to the low-temperature material is specifically 1:10.

[0101] Comparative Example 4

[0102] This example provides a method for preparing a temperature-resistant material, which is different from Example 1 only in that too little high-temperature material is added, and the weight ratio of the temperature material to the low-temperature material is specifically 10:1.

[0103] Test Case

[0104] This example performs a performance test on the heat-resistant materials provided in the embodiments and comparative examples.

[0105] Test method: Use a high and low temperature test chamber to conduct heating and cooling tests. After 30 minutes of constant temperature, the weight change of the detected material exceeds 2%.

[0106] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0107] Table 1 Performance test results

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] To sum up, the present invention provides a high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material and a preparation method and application thereof. The high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material provided by the present invention can withstand a maximum of 1700°C and can be used for a long time within a temperature range of -269°C to 280°C. It can simultaneously meet the requirements of long-term use within the extreme high and low temperature ranges of 1700°C and -269°C, filling the gap in the prior art and having broad practical application value.

[0111] Various embodiments of the present invention may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present invention; therefore, the range description should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range. For example, the range description from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which apply regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.

[0112] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high temperature and low temperature resistant material, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Mixing the high temperature material and the low temperature material to obtain a fiber mixture; Weaving the fiber mixture to obtain a base fabric; The base fabric is subjected to coating treatment, and then dried and cured to obtain the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material; Wherein, the high temperature material is an aerogel material, and the low temperature material is a polyimide material.

2. The high temperature and low temperature resistant material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the high temperature material to the low temperature material is (1-10):(3.5-7).

3. The high temperature and low temperature resistant material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerogel material is silicon dioxide aerogel.

4. The high temperature and low temperature resistant material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating material treated by the coating is a heat-resistant coating material.

5. The high temperature and low temperature resistant material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat-resistant coating comprises at least one of polyamide heat-resistant paint, ceramic paint, epoxy phenolic paint, phosphate paint, silicone heat-resistant paint, phenolic heat-resistant paint, fluororesin paint, silicone high-temperature paint, boron nitride high-temperature paint and inorganic zinc-rich primer.

6. The high temperature and low temperature resistant material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working condition parameters of the coating treatment include: the coating treatment method includes at least one of dipping, spraying and rolling, and the coating thickness is 0.5mm to 1.5mm.

7. The high temperature and low temperature resistant material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working condition parameters of the drying and curing include: drying at 150° C. for 3-5 hours.

8. A high temperature and low temperature resistant material, characterized in that: The high temperature and low temperature resistant material is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Use of the high temperature and low temperature resistant material according to claim 8 in the preparation of clothing fabrics.

10. A cold-proof and heat-insulating garment, characterized in that: At least part of the fabric of the cold-proof and heat-insulating clothing is made of the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant material described in claim 8.

Images