Method and equipment for improving workover operation efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving workover operation efficiency, and relates to the technical field of oil field workover operation, the method comprises a pipe arranging device, a conveyor, a positioner and a receding device, pipe descending operation is conducted, specifically, the positioner changes a pipe rod into a vertical state from a horizontal state; the large hook elevator ascends in a no-load mode, meanwhile, a receding device pushes the large hook away from the center of a well opening, and a working space is reserved for a positioner and a pipe rod; after the large hook gives way, the positioner aligns the pipe rod to the wellhead to complete displacement, and then screwing-on is started; after reaching the highest point, the large hook returns to the center of a well mouth, the upper end of the pipe rod is clamped through a large hook elevator, screwing-on is continued, and while screwing-on is conducted, the conveyor conveys the next pipe rod to make displacement preparation; after screwing-on is finished, the pipe column is fed into the well through a large hook and stops descending after reaching the position, and a well mouth slip is closed; in the process of lowering the pipe column, the position changing machine changes the next pipe rod from the horizontal state to the vertical state; under the cooperation of the receding device, the positioner and the large hook work at the same time, waiting time does not exist, and the time utilization rate is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield well repair operations, and in particular to a method and equipment for improving the efficiency of well repair operations. Background Art

[0002] The automation of oilfield well repair operations has its advantages in reducing labor intensity and improving safety, but there are problems such as complex equipment structure and control process, high failure rate and low reliability, resulting in the number of pipes raised and lowered per hour being less than that of manual operation, which affects the promotion and application of automated well repair technology.

[0003] First, in the pipe laying process, a kind of oil well repair pipe laying device (CN105672913B) used on site is essentially a small CNC bridge crane, which grabs the pipe rod with an electromagnet and moves in the three axes of X, Y, and Z to lay the pipe. There are similar pipe laying machines with grabbing manipulators on the oil field site. Although automatic control is achieved, saving manpower and labor intensity, the mechanical structure and control system of this type of equipment are complex, and the reliability and maintainability in the field well site environment are poor, which affects the operation efficiency; and the high cost is not conducive to promotion and application.

[0004] In the process of transmitting pipes and rods between the workover rig platform and the ground, both the traditional power catwalk and the current automated conveyor have not deviated from the slope state of the original catwalk. The inclined cantilever structure of the new pipe-rod conveyor (CN217538626U) is the basic structure of most conveyors. This structure itself does not have the ability to pick up and place pipes and rods. The above-mentioned pipe arrangement device or other machinery is required to lift the pipes and rods to the conveying arm. After the lifting arm is raised to an inclined state, it takes three feeding processes to deliver the pipes and rods. A pipe clamping mechanism is also required. Due to the complex mechanical structure and control system, the action process takes a long time and the stability of the cantilever structure is not good, which affects the operation efficiency.

[0005] In the process of lifting and lowering pipes, whether it is lifting and lowering pipe strings or operating a single pipe, it is all completed by the operating machine hook at the center of the wellhead. The speed of the hook directly determines the efficiency of the lifting and lowering operation. Especially when operating a single pipe, the displacement process of the pipe rod from horizontal to vertical or from vertical to horizontal requires the coordination of multiple equipment such as the hook, elevator, conveyor, and operating manipulator, and the operation and control procedures of multiple equipment need to be confirmed with each other; especially in the coordinated displacement process of the hook and the operating manipulator, the operating manipulator plays a buffering and straightening role to eliminate the inertial impact of the pipe rod. The hook will shake due to the action of the flexible wire rope, causing this process to be relatively slow. During the displacement process, the hook only hangs one pipe rod, which is a light load close to no load compared to the heavy load of lifting and lowering pipe strings; even the speed of the lightly loaded hook cannot be too fast, which affects the efficiency of automated operations.

[0006] Limited by factors such as equipment capacity and production safety, measures to improve operating efficiency by increasing the speed of the big hook are limited. If other auxiliary machinery is used to improve operating efficiency, it cannot be realized due to the space occupied by the big hook, because no matter it is lifting and lowering a pipe string (heavy load) or lifting and lowering a single pipe (light load), the big hook always occupies the center of the wellhead, leaving no working space for other mechanical equipment.

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned defects existing in the existing automation process of well repair operations, it is urgent to develop a method with higher well repair operation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and equipment for improving the efficiency of well repair operations in view of the defects in the prior art.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for improving the efficiency of well repair operations, wherein the pipe lowering operation is opposite to the pipe lifting operation process, and the pipe lowering operation includes the following steps, which are characterized in that: Step 1: Change the pipe rod from horizontal to vertical; Step 2: The big hook elevator rises without load, and at the same time pushes the big hook away from the center of the wellhead to make room for the pipe rod; after the big hook gives way, align the pipe rod with the wellhead to complete the change of position, and then start to make up; Step 3: After the big hook reaches the highest point, it returns to the center of the wellhead, clamps the upper end of the pipe rod through the big hook elevator, and continues to make up. While making up, the next pipe rod is ready for displacement; Step 4: After the make-up is completed, the pipe string is sent into the well through the big hook. After reaching the position, it stops descending and the wellhead slips are closed. During the process of lowering the pipe string, the next pipe rod changes from horizontal to vertical state; Repeat the second, third and fourth steps above until the pipe lowering operation is completed.

[0010] A positioner, comprising a rotary clamp for clamping a pipe rod, a swing arm, a push cylinder for controlling the swing arm to swing, and a lifting assembly for driving the swing arm to lift and lower, wherein one end of the swing arm is hinged to the lifting part of the lifting assembly, and the push cylinder is arranged horizontally, one end of which is hinged to the swing arm, and the other end is hinged to the lifting part of the lifting assembly; The rotary pliers include a fixed pliers body and a movable pliers body, wherein the fixed pliers body is fixed to the other end of the swing arm, the movable pliers body is hinged to the fixed pliers body, and the two are connected by a clamping mechanism; a plurality of axial rotors are installed on the inner walls of the fixed pliers body and the movable pliers body; The swing arm comprises a rotary shaft and a swing arm body, the rear end of the rotary shaft is rotatably mounted in the swing arm body, the rotary clamp is mounted at the front end of the rotary shaft, and the rear end of the swing arm body is hinged on the lifting part of the lifting assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a slide and a column, the slide is vertically slidably mounted on the column, and the two are connected by a driving mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the swing arm also includes a torsion spring, the rotating shaft is a two-section type, the two are detachably connected, and the rear section of the rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the swing arm body; the torsion spring is located in the swing arm body and is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end is fixed on the inner wall of the swing arm body; a locating pin is provided on the swing arm body, and a stopper corresponding to the locating pin is provided on the outer wall of the rear section of the rotating shaft, and when the rotating clamp is unloaded, the stopper contacts the locating pin.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder, a connecting rod and a rocker arm. A mounting plate is provided on the outer wall of the fixed clamp body. The clamping cylinder body is hinged on the mounting plate, and its output end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod and the rocker arm; the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the outer wall of the movable clamp body, and the other end of the rocker arm is hinged to the outer wall of the fixed clamp body.

[0014] A device for improving well repairing efficiency containing a positioner, comprising a pipe laying device for laying pipes, the pipe laying device comprising at least two sets of power cross arm assemblies arranged side by side, the power cross arm assemblies comprising a cross arm support and two push rods, the cross arm support is a T-shaped structure, and push rods are installed on both sides of its vertical ribs; The push rod is provided with a plurality of push plates arranged at equal intervals, one end of which is connected to a driving cylinder fixed to a cross arm support; the distance between two adjacent push plates is a step distance, which is greater than the diameter of the pipe rod; the driving cylinder includes a linear reciprocating cylinder, a swing cylinder and a connecting shell, when the swing cylinder drives the push plate of the push rod on one side to fall down, the push plate of the push rod on the other side drives the pipe rod to move forward and backward under the drive of the linear reciprocating cylinder; The linear reciprocating cylinder is connected to the swing cylinder through a connecting shell, a first piston rod is slidably installed in the linear reciprocating cylinder, and a second piston rod is rotatably installed in the swing cylinder; a piston is mounted on the first piston rod, a left end of which is connected to the push rod, and a right end is a hollow shaft with a sliding key, and the depth of the shaft hole is greater than the step distance; a blade is installed on the second piston rod, and an axial sliding key groove is provided on the side wall of the extended end thereof, and its length is greater than or equal to the step distance and less than the depth of the shaft hole at the right end of the first piston rod; the extended end of the second piston rod is slidably inserted into the shaft hole at the right end of the first piston rod through the cooperation of the sliding key groove and the sliding key.

[0015] Preferably, multiple layers of the pipe arrangement device form a pipe stack.

[0016] Preferably, the push plate has a width less than or equal to the outer diameter of the push rod, and a height less than the diameter of the pipe rod and greater than or equal to the radius of the pipe rod.

[0017] Preferably, the conveyor is located between the pipe arrangement device and the positioner, and comprises a frame, a side beam and an extension beam; the side beam is vertically slidably mounted on the frame and connected to a lifting mechanism; the extension beam is horizontally slidably mounted on the side beam and connected to a reciprocating mechanism, and a roller for receiving pipe rods is mounted on its side; when the roller rises to the output end of the pipe arrangement device, the roller lifts the pipe rod to enter the next process; It also includes a yielding device for pushing the big hook, which is installed on the derrick and includes a base, a telescopic cylinder and a sliding block; the base is horizontally arranged, and the sliding block is horizontally slidably installed on the base, and two push wheels for pushing the big hook wire rope are installed on its side in parallel on the left and right; the telescopic cylinder is fixed at one end of the base, and its output end is fixedly connected to the sliding block.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: A method and device for improving well repair operation efficiency, wherein a workover rig hook and a pipe rod positioner cooperate, and the workover rig hook gives way to achieve a three-station working mode, without waiting time and with high time utilization, thereby improving operation efficiency; the device is equipped with a step-by-step power cross-arm pipe laying device and a side beam pipe rod conveyor with simple structure, low cost, reliable operation and high efficiency, which meet the needs of efficient operation and greatly increase the number of pipes lifted and lowered per hour; with the cooperation of the giving way device, the positioner and the hook work simultaneously, without waiting time and with high time utilization; when the hook is unloaded, the lifting speed is fast, saving time; the conveyor is not affected by the hook and the positioner, and there is no waiting in the whole process; the hook giving way device acts quickly and does not affect the unloaded speed of the hook. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power cross arm assembly; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the driving cylinder structure; Figure 3 It is a top view of the pipe arrangement device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the push plate in the state of left flat and right straight; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the push plate in the state of left straight and right flat; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a pipe stack; Figure 7 It is the overall structure diagram of the conveyor; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the extended beam in the retracted state; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the extended beam in an extended state; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination status of the conveyor, positioner and yielding device; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of swing arm lifting; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the displacement process of the pipe rod and the rotary clamp; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the swing arm transfer; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the rotary clamp structure; Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the swing arm structure; Fig.16a It is a schematic diagram of the state where the stopper is in contact with the positioning pin; Fig.16b It is a schematic diagram of the state where the stopper and the positioning pin are separated; Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the installation location of the yield device; Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the device for making way when the large hook is overloaded; Fig.19 for Fig.18 A top view of Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the device for making way when the big hook is unloaded; Fig.21 for Fig. 20 A top view of Fig. 22 This is a dynamic flow chart of the equipment for pipe lowering and pipe lifting operations.

[0020] In the figure: 1, cross arm support, 2, push rod, 3, push plate, 4, linear reciprocating cylinder, 5, connecting shell, 6, swing cylinder, 7, first piston rod, 8, second piston rod, 801, sliding key groove, 9, piston, 10, sliding key, 11, blade, 12, pipe rod, 13, frame, 14, side beam, 15, extended beam, 16, roller, 17, pulley, 18, winch, 19, column, 20, Slide seat, 21, push cylinder, 22, fixed clamp body, 23, movable clamp body, 24, rotor, 25, clamping cylinder, 26, connecting rod, 27, rocker, 28, rotating shaft, 29, swing arm body, 30, torsion spring, 31, positioning pin, 32, block, 33, base, 34, telescopic cylinder, 35, slider, 36, push wheel, 37, derrick, 38, big hook, 39, wire rope, 40, wellhead. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0022] A method for improving well repairing efficiency, the steps of the pipe lowering operation method are as follows: The first step: changing the pipe rod 12 from a horizontal state to a vertical state; Step 2: The elevator of the hook 38 is lifted without load, and the hook 38 is pushed away from the center of the wellhead 40 to make room for the pipe rod 12; after the hook 38 gives way, the pipe rod 12 is aligned with the wellhead to complete the position change, and then the make-up is started; Step 3: After the big hook 38 reaches the highest point, it returns to the center of the wellhead 40, and clamps the upper end of the pipe rod 12 through the big hook 38 elevator, and continues to be buckled. While buckling, the next pipe rod 12 is ready for displacement; Step 4: After the make-up is completed, the pipe string is sent into the well through the big hook 38, and stops descending after reaching the position, and the wellhead 40 slips are closed; during the process of lowering the pipe string, the next pipe rod 12 changes from a horizontal state to a vertical state; Repeat the second, third and fourth steps above until the pipe lowering operation is completed. The pipe raising operation is the opposite of the pipe lowering operation process. Fig. 22 shown.

[0023] During the pipe lowering operation, the workover rig hook 38 cooperates with the positioner of the pipe rod 12 to realize a three-position working mode, that is, the center of the wellhead 40 is the first position, at which the pipe string raising and lowering and the make-up and break-out operations are completed.

[0024] The center of the positioner is the second workstation, at which the position shifting operation of a single pipe rod 12 is completed (the pipe rod 12 is changed from a horizontal state to a vertical state or from a vertical state to a horizontal state).

[0025] The unloaded lifting center of the big hook 38 is the third working position, which is formed by pushing the big hook 38 away from the center of the wellhead 40 by giving way.

[0026] like Fig. 22 As shown, the first and second stations work simultaneously: the first station lifts the pipe string through the big hook 38, and the second station completes the position change of the pipe rod 12 through the positioner; One or three stations work simultaneously: one station unloads the buckle through the positioner, and the big hook 38 at the third station is raised and lowered without load.

[0027] It can be seen from this that the positioner and the hook 38 work simultaneously, there is no waiting time, and the time utilization rate is high; when the hook 38 is unloaded, the lifting speed is fast, which saves time and thus improves work efficiency. Embodiment 2

[0028] Reference Figure 10-15 As shown, during the pipe lowering operation, the positioner in Example 1 includes a rotating clamp for clamping the pipe rod 12, a swing arm, a push cylinder 21 for controlling the swing arm's swing, and a lifting assembly for driving the swing arm to rise and fall. One end of the swing arm is hinged to the lifting part of the lifting assembly. The push cylinder 21 is horizontally arranged, one end of which is hinged to the swing arm, and the other end is hinged to the lifting part of the lifting assembly.

[0029] The lifting assembly includes a slide 20 and a column 19. The slide 20 is vertically slidably mounted on the column 19, and the two are connected by a driving mechanism.

[0030] The rotary pliers include a fixed pliers body 22 and a movable pliers body 23. The fixed pliers body 22 is fixed at the other end of the swing arm. The movable pliers body 23 is hinged to the fixed pliers body 22, and the two are connected by a clamping mechanism. Multiple axial rotors 24 are installed on the inner walls of the fixed pliers body 22 and the movable pliers body 23. More specifically, the rotor 24 includes a rotor shaft and a rotor sleeve sleeved on the rotor shaft, and the rotor sleeve is made of a non-metallic material with a high friction coefficient and pressure resistance.

[0031] The rotor 24 is rotatably mounted on the pliers body. After the rotating pliers clamp the pipe rod 12, the rotational freedom of the pipe rod 12 is not restricted, and the pipe rod 12 can rotate along with the roughneck who makes and breaks the tie.

[0032] The swing arm includes a rotary shaft 28 and a swing arm body 29 . The rear end of the rotary shaft 28 is rotatably mounted in the swing arm body 29 . The rotary clamp is mounted at the front end of the rotary shaft 28 . The rear end of the swing arm body 29 is hinged on the slide seat 20 .

[0033] In more detail, the swing arm also includes a torsion spring 30, and the rotating shaft 28 is a two-section type, which are detachably connected, and the rear section of the rotating shaft 28 is rotatably installed in the swing arm body 29; the torsion spring 30 is located in the swing arm body 29 and is sleeved on the rotating shaft 28, one end of which is fixed on the rotating shaft 28, and the other end is fixed on the inner wall of the swing arm body 29; a locating pin 31 is provided on the swing arm body 29, and a stopper 32 corresponding to the locating pin 31 is provided on the outer wall of the rear section of the rotating shaft 28, and when the rotary clamp is unloaded, the stopper 32 contacts the locating pin 31.

[0034] When the pipe is lowered, when the rotary clamp is unloaded, the rotary shaft 28 is in a state of elasticity under the action of the torsion spring 30. Fig.16a In the position shown, the center line of the jaws is in a horizontal position; when the rotating pliers clamp the pipe rod 12 and begin to rise with the swing arm, the weight of the pipe rod 12 spins the torsion spring 30, causing the rotary shaft 28 to begin to deflect. When the pipe rod 12 is in a vertical position, the rotary shaft 28 is in a Fig.16b In the position shown, the centerline of the jaws is in a vertical position.

[0035] When the rotary clamp is loosened and leaves the pipe rod 12, the torsion spring 30 is released, driving the rotary shaft 28 to return to the Fig.16a In the position shown, the center line of the jaws returns to a horizontal position.

[0036] When the pipe lifting rod 12 is in operation, the front section of the rotary shaft 28 connected to the rotary tongs is disassembled from the flange, and the position is rotated 90 degrees, and the center line of the tongs is in a vertical state when unloaded.

[0037] The rotating pliers clamp the pipe rod 12 close to the coupling, and the left and right sections of the pipe rod 12 are of unequal length. When the swing arm rises, the pipe rod 12 is always in a state where the coupling is on top.

[0038] When in use, during the pipe lowering operation, the rotary clamp holds the pipe body of the horizontally placed pipe rod 12, and changes position during the rising process of the swing arm. When it reaches a certain height, the pipe rod 12 changes from a horizontal state to a vertical state; the swing arm swings a certain angle, aligns the pipe rod 12 with the center of the wellhead 40, and then descends, so that the pipe end enters the buckle device, and the pipe rod 12 rotates in the rotary clamp with the buckle of the iron roughneck, until the large hook 38 clamps the pipe rod 12, the rotary clamp is released, and the swing arm returns to its position. The above process is reversed during the pipe lifting operation. Embodiment 3

[0039] Reference Fig.10 As shown, during the pipe lowering operation, the step 2 in the first embodiment for pushing the big hook 38 to give way is realized by a giving way device, such as Fig.17 As shown, the specific giving way device is installed on the derrick 37, including a base 33, a telescopic cylinder 34 and a slider 35; the base 33 is horizontally arranged, and the slider 35 is horizontally slidably installed on the base 33, and two push wheels 36 for pushing the large hook 38 and the wire rope 39 are installed on its side in parallel on the left and right; the telescopic cylinder 34 is fixed at one end of the base 33, and its output end is fixedly connected to the slider 35.

[0040] Reference Figure 18-21 As shown, when the hook 38 is overloaded, the telescopic cylinder 34 is in place, the push wheel 36 does not contact the wire rope 39, and the hook 38 is lifted and lowered at a normal speed. When the hook 38 is unloaded, the telescopic cylinder 34 works, the piston rod moves to the left, pushing the slider 35 and the push wheel 36 to the left, and the push wheel 36 pushes the wire rope 39 to drive the traveling carriage hook 38 to move left. The distance between the center of the hook 38 and the center of the wellhead 40 is E, and the cylindrical space with the distance e between the center of the wellhead 40 and the wire rope 39 as the radius is given to the positioner. While the positioner is performing a single operation, after the hook 38 is quickly lifted and lowered to the position, the telescopic cylinder 34 returns to its position, and the traveling carriage hook 38 returns to the center of the wellhead 40 to lift and lower the pipe. Embodiment 4

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment designs the clamping mechanism based on the second embodiment, specifically: Reference Fig.14 As shown, the clamping mechanism of this embodiment includes a clamping cylinder 25, a connecting rod 26 and a rocker 27. A mounting plate is provided on the outer wall of the fixed pliers body 22. The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder 25 is hinged on the mounting plate, and its output end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 26 and the rocker 27; the other end of the connecting rod 26 is hinged to the outer wall of the movable pliers body 23, and the other end of the rocker 27 is hinged to the outer wall of the fixed pliers body 22.

[0042] The telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder 25 extends to push the connecting rod 26 and the rocker 27 to apply pressure to the movable clamp body 23, so that the movable clamp body 23 and the fixed clamp body 22 are closed, thereby clamping the pipe rod 12. Embodiment 5

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before step 1, it also includes a pipe arrangement and conveying step of conveying the pipe rod 12 to the positioner through a pipe arrangement device and a conveyor; that is, this embodiment adds a pipe arrangement device and a conveyor on the basis of embodiment 4, specifically: The equipment used in the method for improving the efficiency of well repairing operation also includes a pipe laying device for laying pipes and a conveyor for conveying pipe rods 12 between the pipe laying device and the positioner.

[0044] Reference Figure 1-3 As shown, the pipe arrangement device includes two sets of power cross arm assemblies arranged side by side. The power cross arm assembly includes a cross arm support 1 and two push rods 2. The cross arm support 1 is a T-shaped structure, and the push rods 2 are installed on both sides of its vertical ribs.

[0045] The push rod 2 is provided with a plurality of push plates 3 arranged at equal intervals, one end of which is connected to a driving cylinder fixed on the cross arm support 1; the width of the push plate 3 is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the push rod 2, and the height is less than the diameter of the pipe rod 12 and greater than or equal to the radius of the pipe rod 12; the distance between two adjacent push plates 3 is a step distance, which is greater than the diameter of the pipe rod 12. The driving cylinder includes a linear reciprocating cylinder 4, a swing cylinder 6 and a connecting shell 5. The linear reciprocating cylinder 4 is connected to the swing cylinder 6 through the connecting shell 5. A first piston rod 7 is slidably installed in the linear reciprocating cylinder 4, and a second piston rod 8 is rotatably installed in the swing cylinder 6; a piston 9 is mounted on the first piston rod 7, the left end of which is connected to the push rod 2, and the right end is a hollow shaft with a sliding key 10, and the depth of the shaft hole is greater than the step distance; a blade 11 is installed on the second piston rod 8, and an axial sliding key groove 801 is opened on the side wall of the protruding end thereof, and its length is greater than or equal to the step distance and less than the depth of the shaft hole at the right end of the first piston rod 7; the protruding end of the second piston rod 8 is slidably inserted into the shaft hole at the right end of the first piston rod 7 through the cooperation of the sliding key groove 801 and the sliding key 10.

[0046] When the piston 9 moves to the left, the first piston rod 7 slides on the second piston rod 8, and the swing cylinder 6 and the second piston rod 8 remain stationary. When the swing cylinder 6 rotates and swings, the second piston rod 8 drives the first piston rod 7 of the reciprocating cylinder to rotate 90 degrees through the sliding key 10, thereby driving the push rod 2 to rotate and swing 90 degrees.

[0047] More specifically, a multi-layer pipe arrangement device forms a pipe stack, which can be used for pipe arrangement in oil wells of different depths.

[0048] according to Figure 3-5 Explain its working steps, taking the following pipe operation as an example: Initial state see Figure 4, the push plate 3 of the left push rod 2 is in a horizontal state and does not contact the pipe rod 12, and the push plate 3 of the right push rod 2 is in a vertical state, playing a role in positioning and supporting the pipe rod 12. According to the position of the push plate 3, the initial position is referred to as left flat and right straight. The pistons 9 of the left and right linear reciprocating cylinders 4 are both on the right. Figure 3 shown.

[0049] a. The piston 9 of the right linear reciprocating cylinder 4 moves from right to left, pushing the right push rod 2 forward by one step, and the pipe rod 12 moves forward by one step accordingly. The front pipe rod 12 enters the output end of the pipe arrangement device and is taken away by the conveyor; b. The left swing cylinder 6 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the left push rod 2 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, and the left push plate 3 changes from a horizontal state to a vertical state, playing a role in positioning and supporting the pipe rod 12; preparations are made for the next cycle.

[0050] c. The right swing cylinder 6 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the right push rod 2 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, and the right push plate 3 changes from a vertical state to a horizontal state; d. The piston 9 of the right linear reciprocating cylinder 4 moves from left to right, and the right push rod 2 moves back one step and returns to its original position. At this time, after the pipe rod 12 moves forward one step, it becomes Figure 5 The left is straight and the right is flat; The second cycle, see Figure 5 .

[0051] e. The piston 9 of the left linear reciprocating cylinder 4 moves from right to left, pushing the left push rod 2 forward by one step, and the pipe rods 12 move forward by one step accordingly. The front pipe rod 12 enters the output end of the pipe arrangement device and is taken away by the conveyor; f. The right swing cylinder 6 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise, the right push rod 2 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise, and the right push plate 3 changes from a horizontal state to a vertical state, playing a role in positioning and supporting the pipe rod 12; preparations are made for the next cycle.

[0052] g. The left swing cylinder 6 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise, the left push rod 2 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise, and the left push plate 3 changes from a vertical state to a horizontal state; h. The piston 9 of the left linear reciprocating cylinder 4 moves from left to right, and the left push rod 2 retreats one step and returns to its original position. At this time, the pipe rod 12 moves forward one step and becomes Figure 4 The left is flat and the right is straight.

[0053] The first cycle of ad process Figure 4 Became Figure 5 , the process of the second cycle eh is composed of Figure 5 Back to Figure 4 .

[0054] During the pipe lifting operation, the piston 9 of the left linear reciprocating cylinder 4 is on the right, the piston 9 of the right linear reciprocating cylinder 4 is on the left, the push plate 3 is in a left flat and right straight state, the pipe rod 12 comes from the conveyor direction, and the push rod 2 linearly pushes the pipe rod 12 to move in the direction of the driving cylinder, which is the same as the above steps but in the opposite direction. The pipe lifting process will not be repeated.

[0055] Reference Figure 6-9 As shown, the conveyor is located at one side of the pipe laying device, including a frame 13, a side beam 14 and an extension beam 15; the side beam 14 is vertically slidably installed on the frame 13, and is connected to a lifting mechanism; the extension beam 15 is horizontally slidably installed on the side beam 14, and is connected to a reciprocating mechanism, and a roller 16 for receiving the pipe rod 12 is installed on its side; when the pipe is lowered, when the roller 16 rises to the output end of the pipe laying device, the roller 16 lifts the oil pipe to enter the next process; the pipe lifting operation is opposite to the pipe lowering operation process.

[0056] In more detail, the lifting mechanism includes a pulley 17 and a winch 18, wherein the pulley 17 is mounted on the top of the frame 13, and the winch 18 is fixed on the other side of the frame 13, and its traction rope passes through the pulley 17 and is fixedly connected to the top of the side beam 14. The winch 18 drives the side beam 14 to rise and fall on the frame 13 through the traction rope.

[0057] Process of sending out pipe rod 12 (lowering pipe rod 12): Initial position: the extending beam 15 is in a retracted state, and the roller 16 stays below the output end of the pipe laying device.

[0058] The pipe laying device steps forward once, and the frontmost pipe rod 12 enters the output end of the pipe laying device. The side beam 14 rises under the drive of the lifting mechanism, and drives the roller 16 to lift the pipe rod 12 at the output end of the pipe laying device and stops after reaching the specified height (the height required by the well repair platform).

[0059] The extension beam 15 is driven by the reciprocating mechanism to move rightward to a specified distance. At this time, the pipe end reaches the predetermined position of the well repair platform, and then the positioner starts to lift the pipe rod 12.

[0060] After the lifting is completed, the extended beam 15 is retracted, and the side beam 14 is reset to make the roller 16 return to the bottom of the output end of the pipe laying device to transport the next pipe rod 12.

[0061] Process of recovering pipe rod 12 (lifting pipe rod 12): Initial position: the right end of the extended beam 15 is close to the wellhead 40, and the side beam 14 is at a specified height.

[0062] When the positioner lowers the pipe rod 12 vertically and the pipe end contacts the extending beam 15, the extending beam 15 moves leftward, driving the pipe rod 12 to move leftward, and the extending beam 15 continues to move leftward to the specified position. After the pipe rod 12 is laid flat, the extending beam 15 retracts to its original position.

[0063] The side beam 14 descends vertically, driving the roller 16 to reach above the input end of the pipe laying device. At this time, the front position of the pipe laying device is empty, and the side beam 14 descends to place the pipe rod 12 on the pipe laying device. The pipe laying device steps backward once, and the side beam 14 rises back to its original position, and the extended beam 15 moves right close to the wellhead 40, waiting for the next pipe rod 12.

[0064] In summary, a method for improving the efficiency of well repair operations is provided, in which the workover rig hook 38, a yielding device, and a pipe-rod positioner cooperate to realize a double-station working mode of the hook 38 and the positioner, and is equipped with a step-by-step power cross-arm pipe laying device and a side beam pipe-rod conveyor with simple structure, low cost, reliable operation, and high efficiency, which meet the needs of efficient operations and greatly increase the number of pipes lifted and lowered per hour; with the cooperation of the yielding device, the positioner and the hook 38 work at the same time, without waiting time, and with high time utilization; when the hook 38 is unloaded, the lifting and lowering speed is fast, saving time; the conveyor is not affected by the hook 38 and the positioner, and there is no waiting throughout the process; the yielding device of the hook 38 moves quickly and does not affect the unloaded speed of the hook 38.

[0065] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The changed contents still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the efficiency of well repair operations, wherein the pipe lowering operation is opposite to the pipe lifting operation process, and the pipe lowering operation includes the following steps, characterized in that: Step 1: Change the pipe rod from horizontal to vertical; Step 2: The big hook elevator rises without load, and at the same time pushes the big hook away from the center of the wellhead to make room for the pipe rod; after the big hook gives way, align the pipe rod with the wellhead to complete the change of position, and then start to make up; Step 3: After the big hook reaches the highest point, it returns to the center of the wellhead, clamps the upper end of the pipe rod through the big hook elevator, and continues to make up. While making up, the next pipe rod is ready for displacement; Step 4: After the make-up is completed, the pipe string is sent into the well through the big hook. After reaching the position, it stops descending and the wellhead slips are closed. During the process of lowering the pipe string, the next pipe rod changes from horizontal to vertical state; Repeat the second, third and fourth steps above until the pipe lowering operation is completed.

2. A positioner for position change in a method for improving well repairing efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a rotating clamp for clamping a pipe rod, a swing arm, a push cylinder for controlling the swing arm to swing, and a lifting assembly for driving the swing arm to lift and lower. One end of the swing arm is hinged on the lifting part of the lifting assembly. The push cylinder is horizontally arranged, one end of which is hinged on the swing arm, and the other end is hinged on the lifting part of the lifting assembly. The rotary pliers include a fixed pliers body and a movable pliers body, wherein the fixed pliers body is fixed to the other end of the swing arm, the movable pliers body is hinged to the fixed pliers body, and the two are connected by a clamping mechanism; a plurality of axial rotors are installed on the inner walls of the fixed pliers body and the movable pliers body; The swing arm comprises a rotary shaft and a swing arm body, the rear end of the rotary shaft is rotatably mounted in the swing arm body, the rotary clamp is mounted at the front end of the rotary shaft, and the rear end of the swing arm body is hinged on the lifting part of the lifting assembly.

3. The positioner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises a slide and a column. The slide is vertically slidably mounted on the column, and the two are connected via a driving mechanism.

4. The positioner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing arm also includes a torsion spring, and the rotating shaft is a two-section type, which are detachably connected, and the rear section of the rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the swing arm body; the torsion spring is located in the swing arm body and is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of which is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end is fixed on the inner wall of the swing arm body; a locating pin is provided on the swing arm body, and a stopper corresponding to the locating pin is provided on the outer wall of the rear section of the rotating shaft, and when the rotating clamp is unloaded, the stopper contacts the locating pin.

5. The positioner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder, a connecting rod and a rocker arm. A mounting plate is provided on the outer wall of the fixed caliper body. The clamping cylinder body is hinged on the mounting plate, and its output end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod and the rocker arm; the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the outer wall of the movable caliper body, and the other end of the rocker arm is hinged to the outer wall of the fixed caliper body.

6. The positioner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor comprises a rotor shaft and a rotor sleeve sleeved on the rotor shaft.

7. A device for improving well repairing efficiency comprising the positioner according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: Also included is a pipe arrangement device for arranging the pipes; The pipe arrangement device comprises at least two groups of power cross arm assemblies arranged side by side, the power cross arm assemblies comprise a cross arm support and two push rods, the cross arm support is a T-shaped structure, and push rods are installed on both sides of the vertical ribs; The push rod is provided with a plurality of push plates arranged at equal intervals, one end of which is connected to a driving cylinder fixed to a cross arm support; the distance between two adjacent push plates is a step distance, which is greater than the diameter of the pipe rod; the driving cylinder includes a linear reciprocating cylinder, a swing cylinder and a connecting shell, when the swing cylinder drives the push plate of the push rod on one side to fall down, the push plate of the push rod on the other side drives the pipe rod to move forward and backward under the drive of the linear reciprocating cylinder; The linear reciprocating cylinder is connected to the swing cylinder through a connecting shell, a first piston rod is slidably installed in the linear reciprocating cylinder, and a second piston rod is rotatably installed in the swing cylinder; a piston is mounted on the first piston rod, a left end of which is connected to the push rod, and a right end is a hollow shaft with a sliding key, and the depth of the shaft hole is greater than the step distance; a blade is installed on the second piston rod, and an axial sliding key groove is provided on the side wall of the extended end thereof, and its length is greater than or equal to the step distance and less than the depth of the shaft hole at the right end of the first piston rod; the extended end of the second piston rod is slidably inserted into the shaft hole at the right end of the first piston rod through the cooperation of the sliding key groove and the sliding key.

8. The device for improving well repairing efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that: Multiple layers of the pipe arrangement device form a pipe stack.

9. The device for improving well repairing efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that: The push plate has a width less than or equal to the outer diameter of the push rod, and a height less than the diameter of the pipe rod and greater than or equal to the radius of the pipe rod.

10. The device for improving well repairing efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a conveyor for conveying pipe rods between the pipe laying device and the positioner and a yielding device for pushing the big hook; The conveyor is located on one side of the pipe arrangement device, and includes a frame, a side beam and an extension beam; the side beam is vertically slidably mounted on the frame and is connected to a lifting mechanism; the extension beam is horizontally slidably mounted on the side beam and is connected to a reciprocating mechanism, and a roller for receiving pipe rods is installed on its side; when the roller rises to the output end of the pipe arrangement device, the roller lifts the pipe rod to enter the next process; The positioner is located between the conveyor and the wellhead, and the giving way device is installed on the derrick, including a base, a telescopic cylinder and a slider; the base is horizontally arranged, and the slider is horizontally slidably installed on the base, and two push wheels for pushing the large hook wire rope are installed on its side in parallel on the left and right; the telescopic cylinder is fixed at one end of the base, and its output end is fixedly connected to the slider.

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