A roadway hydraulic support resistance-increasing energy-absorbing shock-stopping method and energy-absorbing component

Abstract

The present application relates to roadway support technical field, and relates to a kind of roadway hydraulic support resistance type energy-absorbing method of stopping, including energy-absorbing component, energy-absorbing component is set to support inside, energy-absorbing component below is provided with the support base for supporting roadway floor, top is provided with the column and support roof beam for supporting roadway roof, energy-absorbing component starts from energy-absorbing displacement displacement, and the support reaction force generated by energy-absorbing component increases with the increase of displacement displacement, and presents the characteristics of resistance type energy-absorbing;Resistance type energy-absorbing energy-absorbing component in energy-absorbing displacement process, column internal emulsion pressure presents rising trend, but always not higher than emulsion peak pressure of energy-absorbing start initial moment;Under the condition that energy-absorbing quantity is same, the effective energy-absorbing stroke required by resistance type energy-absorbing energy-absorbing component is shorter;The column of energy-absorbing component of installing resistance type energy-absorbing, in energy-absorbing displacement terminal stage, the peak value support reaction force generated by its column and support base compared with the peak value support reaction force of column of installing constant resistance energy-absorbing component is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel support technology, and more specifically, to a method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in a hydraulic support system for tunnels, and an energy-absorbing component. Background Technology

[0002] Rockburst, also known as rock burst, refers to the phenomenon in underground mining where underground rocks suddenly fracture and break apart, releasing a large amount of energy due to geological conditions, mining methods, and human factors. Due to its suddenness and intense destructiveness, rockburst poses a significant threat to miner safety, roadway stability, and the integrity of mining equipment. Roadway rockburst prevention hydraulic supports are key support equipment for improving mine operation safety, maintaining roadway stability, and protecting personnel and equipment from rockburst damage. Energy-absorbing components are the core components that enable roadway rockburst prevention supports to perform their yielding and rockburst prevention function. Therefore, considering the coupling relationship between the support column and the energy-absorbing component when designing energy-absorbing components is of great significance for improving the yielding and rockburst prevention performance of roadway rockburst prevention hydraulic supports.

[0003] Currently, commonly used energy-absorbing components in hydraulic supports for erosion control roadways include pre-folded energy-absorbing components, expanded diameter energy-absorbing components, outward-turned energy-absorbing components, and multi-cell energy-absorbing components. However, the design of these energy-absorbing components only considers their own energy-absorbing characteristics and aims for constant clearance resistance, i.e., constant resistance energy absorption. The coupling relationship with the support column has not been considered. Therefore, the following problems exist during use:

[0004] (1) When a fault-induced rockburst or a roof-fracture-induced rockburst occurs, the collapsed rock mass will directly act on the support. If the energy of the rockburst is small, it will not or will hardly cause damage to the roadway support, but it may still cause the energy-absorbing components to absorb energy. For constant-resistance energy-absorbing components, the support reaction force generated after activation is constant. As long as the impact load is greater than the activation pressure for energy absorption displacement, energy absorption displacement can occur. In actual use, the support reaction load of the energy-absorbing components exhibits a stage of rapid load decrease with displacement, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 15 As shown, at this stage, even a small load will cause the energy-absorbing component to continuously undergo yielding displacement, that is, to produce a large yielding displacement. In the energy-absorbing anti-impact design theory, yielding is a last resort, proposed to protect the support equipment. Therefore, it is undesirable for a large yielding displacement to occur under a small load, which means that the energy-absorbing component will malfunction. Furthermore, the disturbance caused to the roadway by the mining face will also cause the constant resistance energy-absorbing component to malfunction.

[0005] (2) After a malfunction occurs, the effective displacement stroke of the constant resistance energy-absorbing component decreases, resulting in a decrease in the energy absorbed by the energy-absorbing component.

[0006] (3) When a large energy impact event occurs in the roadway, after the constant resistance energy absorption component is completely crushed, the column cylinder and the hydraulic support base will have a hard impact, and the column support reaction force will rise rapidly, causing the column to bend or even burst, which seriously affects the support effect of the support system.

[0007] (4) In the process of constant resistance energy absorption components, the load changes with displacement during the absorption and displacement process. In most cases, there is a stage of rapid load drop. This stage will cause the collapsed roadway roof to continuously accelerate during the impact and pressure process, which is not conducive to the purpose of the support system to "stop the impact" on the roof. At the same time, when the effective stroke of the energy absorption components is the same, the energy absorption components that exhibit load drop will absorb relatively less energy, which is also not conducive to the protection of the support system in large energy impact events. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention provides a method and component for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in roadway hydraulic supports, which can overcome some or all defects of the prior art.

[0009] According to a method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in a roadway hydraulic support according to the present invention, the method includes an energy-absorbing component disposed inside the support. A support base for supporting the roadway floor is disposed below the energy-absorbing component, and a column and a support top beam for supporting the roadway roof are disposed above the energy-absorbing component. From the moment the energy-absorbing component absorbs the displacement, the support reaction force generated by the energy-absorbing component increases with the increase of the displacement, exhibiting the characteristics of increasing resistance and absorbing energy.

[0010] Preferably, during the displacement process of the energy-absorbing component of the drag-increasing energy absorption type, the pressure of the emulsion inside the column shows an upward trend, but it never exceeds the peak pressure of the emulsion at the initial moment of energy absorption start-up.

[0011] Preferably, under the same energy absorption conditions, the energy absorption component of the resistance-increasing energy absorption type requires a shorter effective energy absorption stroke compared to the constant resistance energy absorption type.

[0012] Preferably, the peak value of the hard impact reaction force generated by the column with the drag-increasing energy absorption component at the end of the energy absorption displacement period is smaller than the peak value of the reaction force of the column with the constant drag energy absorption component.

[0013] According to a method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in a roadway hydraulic support, the present invention also provides an energy-absorbing component for increasing resistance and preventing impact in a roadway hydraulic support. This component is an arc-shaped energy-absorbing component, comprising a lower pressure plate and a circular tube. Above the lower pressure plate, there is a circular tube and a first arc tube. Above the circular tube and the first arc tube, there is an upper pressure plate. Two first arc tubes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circular tube. The circular tube and the first arc tube are both fixedly welded to the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate.

[0014] Preferably, the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate each have a rectangular groove at the corresponding positions of the round tube and the first arc tube. The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding round tube or the first arc tube. The width of the rectangular groove should be such that the round tube and the first arc tube just pass through the upper pressure plate or the lower pressure plate, and the end of the round tube or the first arc tube is flush with the upper side of the upper pressure plate or the lower side of the lower pressure plate.

[0015] Preferably, both the round tube and the first arc tube are embedded in the rectangular groove. The first arc tube and the upper and lower pressure plates are fixedly welded by full welding, and the round tube and the upper and lower pressure plates are fixedly welded by spot welding.

[0016] Preferably, a second arc tube is symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the two first arc tubes. A rectangular groove is also opened at the corresponding position of the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate. The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding second arc tube. The width of the rectangular groove should be such that the second arc tube just passes through the upper pressure plate or the lower pressure plate, and the end of the second arc tube is just flush with the upper side of the upper pressure plate or the lower side of the lower pressure plate. The second arc tube is embedded in the rectangular groove, and the second arc tube and the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate are fixedly welded by full welding.

[0017] Preferably, the second arc tube is provided in multiple groups, all symmetrically arranged outside the two inner first arc tubes, and the length of each group of the second arc tubes is set according to the maximum diameter of the upper or lower pressure plate.

[0018] Preferably, the minimum gap between any two adjacent circular tubes, the first circular arc tube, and the second circular arc tube is not less than the size occupied by the inner circular tube, the first circular arc tube, or the second circular arc tube during maximum plastic deformation.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] ① After it absorbs energy and causes displacement, the resulting support reaction force increases with the increase of the displacement. This will limit the energy-absorbing component from further displacement and energy absorption by peak disturbances or short-term small impacts. It is difficult for the energy-absorbing component to undergo a large displacement. Only when the impact load is large enough and the duration is long enough can a large displacement occur.

[0021] ② During the energy absorption process of the drag-increasing energy absorption component, the pressure of the emulsion inside the column increases, but it never exceeds the peak pressure of the emulsion at the initial moment of energy absorption.

[0022] ③ Under the same energy absorption conditions, compared with constant resistance energy absorption, the energy absorption component of resistance-increasing energy absorption requires a shorter effective energy absorption stroke and has a higher energy absorption efficiency. In other words, under the same energy absorption stroke, the energy absorption component of resistance-increasing energy absorption absorbs more energy. This is because the resistance-increasing energy absorption curve is inclined upward, and the area enclosed by its curve and the horizontal displacement axis is the amount of energy absorbed. Under the same energy absorption displacement, the area enclosed by the resistance-increasing energy absorption curve is larger.

[0023] ④ The peak value of the hard impact reaction force generated by the column and the support base during the end of the energy absorption displacement is smaller than that of the column with constant resistance energy absorption component. Therefore, the hard impact reaction force generated by the column can be effectively reduced, thus reducing the probability of the column bending or bursting. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 Force-displacement characteristic curves of existing constant-resistance energy-absorbing expanded-diameter energy-absorbing components;

[0025] Figure 2 Force-displacement characteristic curves of existing constant-resistance outward-facing energy-absorbing components;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a force analysis diagram in the load-displacement theoretical model of a circular tube for an arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a force analysis diagram in the load-displacement theoretical model of an arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a force analysis diagram of the load-displacement theoretical model of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component's circular arc tube half.

[0030] Figure 7 The load-displacement curves are obtained from the theoretical model of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0031] Figure 8 The test load-displacement curve of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0032] Figure 9 The pressure curve of the pre-pleated type of emulsion is a simulation of the existing technology.

[0033] Figure 10 The simulated emulsion pressure curve for the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0034] Figure 11The simulation curve of the support reaction force of the pre-folded column in the existing technology;

[0035] Figure 12 The simulated column support reaction curve for the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0036] Figure 13 The existing technology provides a pre-folded simulation of the velocity curve of a heavy object.

[0037] Figure 14 The simulated velocity curve of a real weight for the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component;

[0038] Figure 15 The pre-folded type is used to simulate the load-displacement curve in the existing technology;

[0039] Figure 16 The simulated load-displacement curves are for the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in a hydraulic support for a roadway includes an energy-absorbing component, which is installed inside the support. Below the energy-absorbing component is a support base for supporting the roadway floor, and above it are columns and a support top beam for supporting the roadway roof. From the moment the energy-absorbing component absorbs a displacement, the support reaction force generated by the energy-absorbing component increases with the increase of the displacement, exhibiting the characteristics of increasing resistance and absorbing energy.

[0043] When a fault-induced rockburst or a roof-fractured rockburst occurs, the collapsed rock mass at the top will directly act on the support. Regardless of the size of the impact energy, the energy-absorbing components with increased resistance can reliably absorb and displace the rock. Specifically, when a small or destructive rockburst occurs, the collapse at the top will directly act on the support, leading to an increase in the support reaction force of the columns. For the energy-absorbing components with increased resistance, after they absorb and displace the rock, the resulting support reaction force increases with the increase of the displacement. This limits the further displacement and energy absorption caused by peak disturbances or short-term small impacts. It is difficult for the energy-absorbing components to undergo a large displacement. Only when the impact load is large enough and the duration is long enough can a large displacement occur.

[0044] Furthermore, during the energy absorption process of the drag-increasing energy absorption component, the pressure of the emulsion inside the column increases, but it never exceeds the peak pressure of the emulsion at the initial moment of energy absorption.

[0045] Furthermore, under the same energy absorption conditions, compared to constant resistance energy absorption, the energy absorption component of resistance-increasing energy absorption requires a shorter effective energy absorption stroke and has higher energy absorption efficiency. In other words, under the same energy absorption stroke, the energy absorption component of resistance-increasing energy absorption absorbs more energy. This is because the resistance-increasing energy absorption curve is upward sloping, and the area enclosed by its curve and the horizontal displacement axis is the amount of energy absorbed. Under the same energy absorption displacement, the area enclosed by the resistance-increasing energy absorption curve is larger.

[0046] Furthermore, the peak value of the hard impact reaction force generated by the column with the drag-increasing energy absorption component at the end of the energy absorption displacement is smaller than that of the column with the constant drag energy absorption component. Therefore, the drag-increasing energy absorption component can effectively reduce the reaction force generated by the hard impact of the column, and effectively reduce the probability of the column bending or bursting.

[0047] According to a method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in a roadway hydraulic support, this invention also provides an energy-absorbing component for increasing resistance and preventing impact in a roadway hydraulic support, which is an arc-shaped energy-absorbing component, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes a lower pressure plate 405 and a circular tube 404. Above the lower pressure plate 405, there is a circular tube 404 and a first arc tube 403. Above the circular tube 404 and the first arc tube 403, there is an upper pressure plate 401. Two first arc tubes 403 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circular tube 404. The circular tube 404 and the first arc tube 403 are fixedly welded to the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405. When connected to the hydraulic support, the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component can be placed in the guide cylinder 104. The guide cylinder 104 is a cylinder with a one-way opening. The closed end is located at the lower end and is provided with a column socket for connecting with the support bottom beam for supporting the roadway floor. The upper part of the upper pressure plate 401 is fitted with a hydraulic column. Above the hydraulic column is a support top beam for supporting the roadway roof. In addition, the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component can also be placed separately on the support top beam, support bottom beam or other places.

[0048] Furthermore, both the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405 have rectangular grooves at corresponding positions on the circular tube 404 and the first arc tube 403. The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding circular tube 404 or the first arc tube 403. The width of the rectangular groove should allow the circular tube 404 and the first arc tube 403 to just pass through the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405, and the end of the circular tube 404 or the first arc tube 403 should be flush with the upper side of the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower side of the lower pressure plate 405. Figure 3 As shown.

[0049] Furthermore, both the circular tube 404 and the first arc tube 403 are embedded in the rectangular groove. The first arc tube 403 and the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405 are fixedly welded by full welding, and the circular tube 404 and the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405 are fixedly welded by spot welding.

[0050] Furthermore, a second arc tube 402 is symmetrically provided on the outer side of the two first arc tubes 403. A rectangular groove is also opened at the corresponding position of the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405. The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding second arc tube 402. The width of the rectangular groove should be such that the second arc tube 402 just passes through the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405, and the end of the second arc tube 402 is just flush with the upper side of the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower side of the lower pressure plate 405. The second arc tube 402 is embedded in the rectangular groove, and the second arc tube 402 and the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405 are fixedly welded by full welding.

[0051] Furthermore, multiple sets of second arc tubes 402 are provided, all symmetrically arranged outside the two inner first arc tubes 403. Each set of second arc tubes 402 is set to different lengths according to the maximum diameter of the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405. In this embodiment, the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405 is set as a disc structure. In other embodiments, it can be set as a square, rectangle, or other polygon as needed.

[0052] Furthermore, the minimum gap between any two adjacent circular tubes 404, the first circular arc tube 403, and the second circular arc tube 402 is not less than the size occupied by the inner circular tube 404, the first circular arc tube 403, or the second circular arc tube 402 during maximum plastic deformation, ensuring that they do not interfere with each other during the deformation process.

[0053] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component is placed inside the guide cylinder 104, which is cylindrical. The circular tube 404, the first arc tube 403, and the second arc tube 402 are disposed between the upper pressure plate 401 and the lower pressure plate 405, both of which are disc-shaped. Therefore, in terms of the maximum energy-absorbing space utilization rate, the circular tube 404 is the longest, the first arc tube 403 is the second longest, and the second arc tube 402 is the shortest. When multiple sets of second arc tubes 402 are arranged sequentially on the outer side, the second arc tubes 402 on the outermost side are shorter. Moreover, the lengths of the circular tube 404, the first arc tube 403, and the second arc tube 402 are all symmetrically arranged with respect to the upper pressure plate 401 or the lower pressure plate 405.

[0054] In this embodiment, during the crushing deformation process, the load of the drag-increasing energy-absorbing component is jointly borne by the circular tube 404, the two first circular arc tubes 403, and the two second circular arc tubes 402. In the design process, a certain gap is left between the circular tube and the first circular arc tube 403, and between the first circular arc tube 403 and the second circular arc tube 402 to ensure that they do not interfere with each other during the deformation process. Therefore, the load-displacement theoretical model of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component is decomposed into the load-displacement theoretical model of the circular tube and the load-displacement theoretical model of the circular arc tube. The theoretical model is derived from the moment when the energy-absorbing component starts to generate the displacement.

[0055] The ideal plastic hinge concentrated at a single point is replaced by a plastic arc segment, the length of which is the dependent variable of the compressive displacement x of the circular tube. The force analysis diagram during the deformation of a quarter-circular tube is shown below. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the load-displacement theoretical model of a circular tube can be derived as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In formula (1):

[0058] Y represents the yield strength of the material, t1 is the thickness of the circular tube, L1 is the length of the circular tube, R1 is the radius of the circular tube, x represents the crushing displacement, and c is the shape parameter. E P Let F be the strain hardening modulus of the material, and let F and E represent the first and second kind of incomplete elliptic integrals, respectively. M P1 The plastic limit bending moment of the circular tube.

[0059] The first circular arc tube 403 or the second circular arc tube 402 uses three plastic hinges to form a collapse mechanism. If plastic deformation only occurs at the plastic hinges and the circular arc segment does not deform, the deformation of the collapse mechanism can be described by the rotation of the corresponding chord segment of the circular arc segment. The force analysis diagram of the circular arc tube is shown below. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the load-displacement theoretical model of the circular arc tube can be derived as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In formula (2):

[0062] t2 is the thickness of the arc tube, and L2 is the length of the arc tube.

[0063] R2 is the radius of the circular arc tube.

[0064] φ2, p2, The expression and the load-displacement theoretical model of a circular tube with φ1, p1, They have the same mathematical structure, which will not be elaborated here.

[0065] Therefore, the load-displacement theoretical model of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Will Figure 3 Substituting the structural parameters of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component and the material parameters of 4340 steel into Equation 3, and with a design clearance displacement of 27mm, the load-displacement curve of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component is obtained as follows. Figure 7 As shown; production tests were conducted on the corresponding arc-shaped energy-absorbing components, and the results were as follows. Figure 8 The load-displacement curves shown clearly indicate that, apart from theoretical derivation errors, the two curves are consistent after the energy absorption begins. After the energy absorption displacement is initiated, the load on the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component increases with displacement, exhibiting the characteristics of resistance-increasing energy absorption.

[0068] In this embodiment, numerical simulation is also used to analyze the coupling relationship between the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component and the column. Specifically, finite element analysis is performed on it, and the key parameters and settings for the finite element analysis are as follows:

[0069] 1) Material assignment: All parts are set to 4340 steel and the J-Cook material constitutive model is used.

[0070] 2) Mesh generation: All parts use a hexahedral mesh with a mesh size of 1.5mm.

[0071] 3) Contact settings: The arc tube and the upper and lower pressure plates are set to bonded, and the remaining contacts are set to friction, with the static friction coefficient set to 0.15 and the dynamic friction coefficient set to 0.14.

[0072] 4) Boundary condition settings: The lower pressure plate is fixed, and all degrees of freedom of the upper pressure plate are restricted except for the Y-axis movement. The crushing speed is set to 5m / s.

[0073] Impact simulations were conducted on energy-absorbing columns equipped with pre-folded and curved energy-absorbing components, with identical energy-absorbing columns used for both types of components. To compare the energy absorption effects of the pre-folded and curved energy-absorbing components laterally, a falling load was used to simulate the impact of a roof slab on the ground. The analysis focused on the emulsion pressure, column reaction force, load velocity, and load-displacement of the energy-absorbing components during the impact. The energy absorption effect of each component was analyzed separately. The simulation duration was set to 50ms, with the impact starting at 20ms. Figure 9-16 As shown.

[0074] like Figure 9 As shown, the emulsion pressure of the pre-folded energy-absorbing column suddenly increased to about 75 MPa and fluctuated violently. Subsequently, the emulsion pressure decreased sharply, and the fluctuation range decreased, but the overall fluctuation amplitude was large until the impact ended; Figure 10 As shown, the emulsion pressure of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing column rises to about 72 MPa. Subsequently, the emulsion pressure fluctuates slightly but the central value remains basically unchanged. The emulsion pressure at 45 ms is 69.5 MPa, which is basically the same as the peak pressure at the start of energy absorption. Then, the emulsion pressure begins to rise sharply. This is because the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component enters the densification stage, and the support reaction force it provides increases, and the energy absorption displacement is basically over.

[0075] like Figure 11 As shown, around 20ms, the reaction force of the pre-folded column rises to about 1450kN. Within the 20-25ms period, the reaction force stabilizes at around 1430kN, then decreases to around 900kN, which is detrimental to column protection. The reaction force at 45ms is 820kN. Figure 12 As shown, the support reaction force of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing column remained stable at 1670kN during the impact process. The support reaction force of the column at 45ms was 1970kN, which is almost consistent with the support reaction force curve obtained by simulating the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component alone. This indicates that the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component can still provide good support reaction force during the coupled impact with the column.

[0076] like Figure 13 As shown, under the influence of the pre-folded energy-absorbing component, the velocity increase of the heavy object slowed down significantly during the 20-26ms time period, basically stabilizing at around 3.5m / s, with a velocity increase of 0.21m / s. However, starting from 26ms, the velocity increased rapidly again, reaching approximately 3.66m / s around 45ms. During the 20-26ms time period, the support reaction force of the column increased significantly, generally exceeding 1200kN, and then decreased rapidly. This resulted in a reduction in energy absorption by the energy-absorbing component within its limited energy absorption stroke, failing to effectively absorb the energy released by the impact of the heavy object. This led to the continuous acceleration of the collapsing roadway roof during the impact pressure process. Figure 14 As shown, under the influence of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component, the increase in the velocity of the heavy object is significantly reduced. During the adjustment period of the energy-absorbing component, the velocity of the heavy object only increases by 0.0315 m / s. At about 45 ms (the end of the energy absorption displacement), the velocity of the heavy object reaches about 3.5 m / s. The peak value of the hard impact reaction force generated by the column and the support base is smaller than the peak value of the column with the constant resistance energy-absorbing component installed (the smaller the velocity, the smaller the transmitted reaction force). This indicates that the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component can quickly stabilize the falling rock mass and avoid serious dynamic accidents that could damage the equipment.

[0077] like Figure 15 As shown, the load on the pre-folded energy-absorbing component initially increases and then decreases with displacement during impact. This is detrimental to achieving the goal of "impact prevention" for heavy objects, as it causes the heavy object to accelerate during impact. Figure 16As shown, the load of the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component increases with displacement during the impact process, and the load fluctuation is small, which can achieve the effect of "impact prevention" for heavy objects. At the same time, with an energy-absorbing stroke of 80mm as the standard, the energy absorbed by the pre-folded energy-absorbing component is 89kJ, and the energy absorbed by the arc-shaped energy-absorbing component is 136kJ. It can also be concluded that under the same energy-absorbing stroke, the energy-absorbing component with increased resistance absorbs more energy and has a higher energy absorption efficiency.

[0078] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drag-increasing energy-absorbing and shock-preventing energy-absorbing component for a roadway hydraulic support, wherein the energy-absorbing component is disposed inside the support, a support base for supporting the roadway floor is disposed below the energy-absorbing component, and a column for supporting the roadway roof and a support top beam are disposed above the energy-absorbing component, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing component is an arc-shaped energy-absorbing component. From the moment the energy-absorbing component begins to absorb the displacement, the support reaction force generated by the energy-absorbing component increases with the increase of the displacement, exhibiting the characteristics of drag-increasing energy absorption. It includes a lower pressure plate (405) and a circular tube (404). The circular tube (404) and a first arc tube (403) are provided above the lower pressure plate (405). An upper pressure plate (401) is provided above the circular tube (404) and the first arc tube (403). Two first arc tubes (403) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circular tube (404). The circular tube (404) and the first arc tube (403) are fixedly welded to the upper pressure plate (401) and the lower pressure plate (405). The upper pressure plate (401) and the lower pressure plate (405) each have rectangular grooves at the corresponding positions of the round tube (404) and the first arc tube (403). The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding round tube (404) or the first arc tube (403). The width of the rectangular groove is such that the round tube (404) and the first arc tube (403) just pass through the upper pressure plate (401) or the lower pressure plate (405). The end of the round tube (404) or the first arc tube (403) is just flush with the upper side of the upper pressure plate (401) or the lower side of the lower pressure plate (405). Both the circular tube (404) and the first circular arc tube (403) are embedded in the rectangular groove.

2. The drag-increasing energy-absorbing and shock-preventing energy-absorbing component for roadway hydraulic supports according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first arc tube (403) and the upper pressure plate (401) and the lower pressure plate (405) are fixedly welded by full welding, and the round tube (404) and the upper pressure plate (401) and the lower pressure plate (405) are fixedly welded by spot welding.

3. The drag-increasing energy-absorbing and shock-preventing energy-absorbing component for roadway hydraulic supports according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second arc tube (402) is symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two first arc tubes (403). A rectangular groove is also opened at the corresponding position of the upper pressure plate (401) and the lower pressure plate (405). The length of the rectangular groove is not less than the length of the corresponding second arc tube (402). The width of the rectangular groove is such that the second arc tube (402) just passes through the upper pressure plate (401) or the lower pressure plate (405). The end of the second arc tube (402) is just flush with the upper side of the upper pressure plate (401) or the lower side of the lower pressure plate (405). The second arc tube (402) is embedded in the rectangular groove, and the second arc tube (402) and the upper pressure plate (401) and the lower pressure plate (405) are fixedly welded by full welding.

4. The drag-increasing energy-absorbing and shock-preventing energy-absorbing component for roadway hydraulic supports according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second arc tube (402) is provided in multiple groups, all symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two first arc tubes (403) on the inner side. Each group of the second arc tubes (402) is set to different lengths according to the maximum diameter of the upper pressure plate (401) or the lower pressure plate (405).

5. The drag-increasing energy-absorbing and shock-preventing energy-absorbing component for roadway hydraulic supports according to claim 3, characterized in that: The minimum gap between any two adjacent circular tubes (404), the first circular arc tube (403), and the second circular arc tube (402) shall not be less than the size occupied by the inner circular tube (404), the first circular arc tube (403), or the second circular arc tube (402) when the maximum plastic deformation occurs.

6. A method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in roadway hydraulic supports, employing the energy-absorbing and impact-preventing component for increasing resistance in roadway hydraulic supports as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: During the energy absorption process of the drag-increasing energy absorption component, the pressure of the emulsion inside the column increases, but it never exceeds the peak pressure of the emulsion at the initial moment of energy absorption.

7. The method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in a roadway hydraulic support according to claim 6, characterized in that: Under the same energy absorption conditions, compared with constant resistance energy absorption, the energy absorption component of resistance-increasing energy absorption requires a shorter effective energy absorption stroke.

8. A method for increasing resistance and absorbing energy to prevent impact in roadway hydraulic supports according to claim 6, characterized in that: The peak value of the hard impact reaction force generated by the column with the drag-increasing energy absorption component at the end of the energy absorption displacement period is smaller than that of the column with the constant drag energy absorption component.

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