Automatic deicing system for blades of wind generating set

Abstract

The automatic deicing system comprises a tower, a wind wheel and a generator body, the outer surface of the wind wheel is fixedly connected with three end bases in an annular array, and the surfaces of the three end bases are rotationally connected with blades through turning mechanisms; an icing monitoring mechanism, a global deicing mechanism and a fixed-point deicing mechanism are arranged on the surfaces of the blades correspondingly, and the fixed-point deicing mechanism comprises a balance weight ring, a deicing brush, an automatic control mechanism and a plurality of folding and unfolding mechanisms. Under the action of gravity, the counterweight ring drives the deicing brush to move along the blade, so that an ice layer on the surface of the blade can be swept off, and after the counterweight ring moves to the position where the ice layer is located, hot air blown out of the hot air holes can heat the ice layer from outside to inside, so that melting of the ice layer is accelerated, and compared with the prior art, the blade deicing device is good in blade deicing effect and high in practicability. The deicing efficiency is high, automatic deicing is achieved, the generator does not need to be shut down, deicing and power generation can be carried out at the same time, and electric energy loss caused by shutdown is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine generators, and in particular to an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set. Background Art

[0002] The blades of wind turbines work in a cold and high-humidity environment, and their surfaces are likely to freeze. The freezing is mainly due to the fact that the water vapor in the air in cold weather is cooled and condensed into ice crystals when it contacts the blade surface. In cold climate conditions, the surface temperature of the blades may be below the freezing point, causing water vapor to condense into ice. Blade freezing can have a serious impact on the operation of wind turbines, including reducing power generation efficiency, increasing mechanical load, and causing safety hazards.

[0003] Through searching, CN113958469B was found, which discloses a de-icing device and method for a wind turbine blade unit. The invention drives the blade to rotate 180° through a blade pitch changer, and de-ices the blade through a de-icing agent nozzle and a de-icing light source arranged on the tower. No manual operation is required, and the control program of the control unit is used to realize automatic de-icing of the wind turbine unit, which greatly reduces the maintenance time of blade de-icing.

[0004] However, in actual use, due to the large size and gravity of the blades, it takes a certain amount of time to drive the blades to rotate through the pitch device, and the entire fan needs to be shut down for de-icing to facilitate de-icing on both sides of the blades. This not only reduces the de-icing efficiency, but also stops generating electricity after the fan is shut down, which will also cause a certain amount of electricity loss. Therefore, we need a de-icing device that can de-ice efficiently, quickly and with low energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set, comprising a tower, a wind rotor and a generator body, wherein the tower is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the generator body, a master controller is arranged inside the tower, the wind rotor is arranged at the front end of the generator body, the outer surface of the wind rotor is in a ring array and fixedly connected to three end seats, the surfaces of the three end seats are all rotatably connected to blades through a direction-changing mechanism, and the surfaces of the blades are respectively provided with an icing monitoring mechanism, a global deicing mechanism and a fixed-point deicing mechanism; The icing monitoring mechanism includes a plurality of temperature and humidity sensor modules, which are distributed on both sides of the blade in a mesh array, and the temperature and humidity sensor modules are used to determine whether the blade surface is frozen and the location of the ice; The global deicing mechanism includes a graphene heating coating, a super-hydrophobic coating and a heating electrode, wherein the graphene heating coating is arranged on the outer surface of the blade, the super-hydrophobic coating is arranged on the outer surface of the graphene heating coating, and the heating electrode is arranged on the surface of the end seat for supplying power to the graphene heating coating; The fixed-point deicing mechanism includes a counterweight ring, a deicing brush, an automatic control mechanism and multiple retracting and releasing mechanisms. The counterweight ring is slidably connected to the outside of the blade through multiple retracting and releasing mechanisms. The automatic control mechanism can control the multiple retracting and releasing mechanisms to work when the end of the blade away from the wind wheel tilts downward. The deicing brush is fixedly connected to the surface of the counterweight ring for cleaning the ice layer on the surface of the blade. The inner side of the counterweight ring is provided with multiple hot air holes distributed in a circular array. The retracting and releasing mechanism includes a shell, a support plate, a retracting and discharging motor, a winding roller and a wire rope. The shell is fixedly connected to the outside of the end seat, the support plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell, the winding roller is rotatably connected between the two support plates, the retracting and discharging motor is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate, and the output end of the retracting and discharging motor is transmission-connected to the winding roller, one end of the wire rope is wound and fixed on the winding roller, and the other end of the wire rope passes through the shell and is fixedly connected to the counterweight ring.

[0007] Preferably, the automatic control mechanism includes a control cavity opened inside the end seat, a push switch is provided at the inner bottom of the control cavity, a trigger ball is movably provided in the control cavity, and the push switch is used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the transmitting and receiving motor.

[0008] Preferably, the interior of the counterweight ring is respectively provided with a first annular air duct and a second annular air duct, an air inlet is provided on the outer surface of the counterweight ring, an inner wall of the first annular air duct is respectively provided with a suction fan and a plurality of heating wires, and a connecting port is provided between the first annular air duct and the second annular air duct, and a plurality of hot air holes are connected to the second annular air duct.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the heating wires is at least eight, and they are distributed in the first annular air duct in an annular array.

[0010] Preferably, the direction-changing mechanism includes a first servo motor, a driving gear and a gear ring, the gear ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the blade, the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the end seat, the driving gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor, and the driving gear and the gear ring are meshed with each other.

[0011] Preferably, a groove is provided inside the tower, and a movable platform which can be raised and lowered is provided inside the groove through a screw lifting mechanism, and a nozzle and a monitoring camera are provided on the surface of the movable platform respectively, and the nozzle can spray a cleaning agent or a solvent.

[0012] Preferably, a detergent tank, a solvent tank and a high-pressure gas tank are respectively provided inside the tower, and the output ends of the detergent tank, the solvent tank and the high-pressure gas tank are fixedly connected to the nozzle through a telescopic pipe, and the output end of the detergent tank is provided with a first solenoid valve, the output end of the solvent tank is provided with a second solenoid valve, and the output end of the high-pressure gas tank is provided with a third solenoid valve.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature and humidity sensor module is connected to the input terminal signal of the main controller, and the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, and the lead screw lifting mechanism are connected to the output terminal signal of the main controller.

[0014] Preferably, a second servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the groove, and a power gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor. An arc groove is opened inside the tower, and an arc door is slidably connected in the arc groove. The inner side of the upper end of the arc door is provided with convex teeth that mesh with the power gear.

[0015] Beneficial Effects The present invention provides an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The wind turbine blade automatic de-icing system can monitor whether the blade surface is frozen and the ice position in real time by setting an ice monitoring mechanism. When the ice range is greater than the set value, the heating electrode is used to power the graphene heating coating, which can efficiently convert electrical energy into thermal energy, so that the ice layer on the blade surface can be heated to make it fall off. In combination with the super-hydrophobic coating, the adhesion of ice to the blade surface can be reduced, making it easier for ice to fall off under the action of wind and gravity. Compared with the traditional resistance wire heating method, the graphene coating heats more evenly, consumes less energy, and causes less damage to the blade structure.

[0016] 2. The automatic deicing system for blades of wind turbine generator sets can determine the ice position on the blade surface by setting a fixed-point deicing mechanism and using multiple temperature and humidity sensor modules. By setting an automatic control mechanism, when the blade rotates to a downward tilted position, the trigger ball presses down the press switch to control the retracting and discharging motor to rotate forward, thereby driving the reel roller to release the wire rope. Under the action of gravity, the counterweight ring drives the deicing brush to move along the blade, thereby sweeping off the ice layer on the blade surface. After the counterweight ring moves to the position where the ice layer is located, the hot air blown out of the hot air hole can heat the ice layer from the outside to the inside, thereby accelerating the melting of the ice layer. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a good deicing effect for blades, a high deicing efficiency, realizes automatic deicing, and does not require the generator to be shut down. It can generate electricity while deicing, effectively avoiding power loss caused by shutdown.

[0017] 3. The automatic deicing system for blades of wind turbine generator sets is provided with a lead screw lifting mechanism, a movable platform, a nozzle and a monitoring camera. The direction-changing mechanism can be used to drive the blades to rotate, the monitoring camera can be used to monitor whether there are pollutants on the surface of the blades, the lead screw lifting mechanism can be used to drive the movable platform to move up and down, and then the nozzle is controlled to spray cleaning agent, and the deicing brush moves on the surface of the blades, so as to clean the pollutants on the surface of the blades.

[0018] 4. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system determines the ice position on the blade surface through the temperature and humidity sensor module, and then uses the screw lifting mechanism to drive the movable platform to move, and cooperates with the direction-changing mechanism to drive the blade to rotate, so that the nozzle can be aimed at the ice position, and the dissolving agent can be sprayed through the nozzle to accelerate the fusion of the ice layer, thereby further improving the deicing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a blade of a wind turbine blade automatic deicing system proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a blade of a wind turbine blade automatic deicing system proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the retracting and extending mechanism of an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an end seat of an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a counterweight ring of an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a screw lifting mechanism of an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of a tower of a wind turbine blade automatic deicing system proposed by the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the top-sectional structure of a tower of an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set proposed by the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. tower; 2. wind wheel; 3. generator body; 4. master controller; 5. end seat; 6. blade; 7. temperature and humidity sensor module; 8. graphene heating coating; 9. super hydrophobic coating; 10. heating electrode; 11. counterweight ring; 12. deicing brush; 13. hot air hole; 14. shell; 15. support plate; 16. retractable motor; 17. rewinding roller; 18. wire rope; 19. push switch; 20. trigger ball; 21. first annular air duct; 22. second annular air duct; 23. air inlet; 24. suction Fan; 25. Heating wire; 26. Connecting port; 27. First servo motor; 28. Driving gear; 29. ​​Gear ring; 30. Screw lifting mechanism; 31. Movable table; 32. Nozzle; 33. Monitoring camera; 34. Detergent tank; 35. Dissolver tank; 36. High-pressure gas tank; 37. Telescopic pipe; 38. First solenoid valve; 39. Second solenoid valve; 40. Third solenoid valve; 41. Second servo motor; 42. Power gear; 43. Arc groove; 44. Arc door; 45. Convex teeth; 46. Self-locking mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set, comprising a tower 1, a wind wheel 2 and a generator body 3, wherein the tower 1 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the generator body 3, a master controller 4 is arranged inside the tower 1, the wind wheel 2 is arranged at the front end of the generator body 3, the outer surface of the wind wheel 2 is in a ring array and fixedly connected to three end seats 5, the surfaces of the three end seats 5 are all rotatably connected to blades 6 through a direction-changing mechanism, and the surfaces of the blades 6 are respectively provided with an icing monitoring mechanism, a global deicing mechanism and a fixed-point deicing mechanism; The icing monitoring mechanism includes a plurality of temperature and humidity sensor modules 7, which are distributed on both sides of the blade 6 in a mesh array, and the temperature and humidity sensor modules 7 are used to determine whether the surface of the blade 6 is frozen and the location of the ice; The global de-icing mechanism includes a graphene heating coating 8, a super-hydrophobic coating 9 and a heating electrode 10. The graphene heating coating 8 is arranged on the outer surface of the blade 6, the super-hydrophobic coating 9 is arranged on the outer surface of the graphene heating coating 8, and the heating electrode 10 is arranged on the surface of the end seat 5 for powering the graphene heating coating 8, and the heating electrode 10 is connected to the main controller 4 by signal. By setting an ice monitoring mechanism, whether the surface of the blade 6 is frozen and the ice position can be monitored in real time. When the ice range is greater than the set value, the graphene heating coating 8 is powered by the heating electrode 10, and electrical energy can be efficiently converted into thermal energy, so that the ice layer on the surface of the blade 6 can be heated to make it fall off. In conjunction with the super-hydrophobic coating 9, the adhesion of ice to the surface of the blade 6 can be reduced, making the ice easier to fall off under the action of wind and gravity. Compared with the traditional resistance wire heating method, the graphene coating is heated more evenly, with lower energy consumption and less damage to the structure of the blade 6.

[0023] The fixed-point deicing mechanism includes a counterweight ring 11, a deicing brush 12, an automatic control mechanism and a plurality of retracting mechanisms. The counterweight ring 11 is slidably connected to the outside of the blade 6 through the plurality of retracting mechanisms. The automatic control mechanism can control the plurality of retracting mechanisms to work when the end of the blade 6 away from the wind wheel 2 is tilted downward. The deicing brush 12 is fixedly connected to the surface of the counterweight ring 11 and is used to clean the ice layer on the surface of the blade 6. The inner side of the counterweight ring 11 is provided with a plurality of hot air holes 13 distributed in a circular array. The retracting mechanism includes a housing 14. , support plate 15, retractable discharge motor 16, winding roller 17 and wire rope 18, the shell 14 is fixedly connected to the outside of the end seat 5, the support plate 15 is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell 14, the winding roller 17 is rotatably connected between the two support plates 15, the retractable discharge motor 16 is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate 15, and the output end of the retractable discharge motor 16 is transmission connected to the winding roller 17, one end of the wire rope 18 is wound and fixed on the winding roller 17, and the other end of the wire rope 18 passes through the shell 14 and is fixedly connected to the counterweight ring 11.

[0024] The automatic control mechanism includes a control chamber opened inside the end seat 5, a push switch 19 is arranged at the inner bottom of the control chamber, a trigger ball 20 is movably arranged in the control chamber, and the push switch 19 is used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the retractable discharge motor 16. By setting a fixed-point deicing mechanism and using a plurality of temperature and humidity sensor modules 7, the ice position on the surface of the blade 6 can be determined. By setting an automatic control mechanism, when the blade 6 rotates to a downward tilted position, the trigger ball 20 is used to press the push switch 19 to control the retractable discharge motor 16 to rotate forward, thereby driving the reeling The roller 17 releases the wire rope 18, and under the action of gravity, the counterweight ring 11 drives the de-icing brush 12 to move along the blade 6, so that the ice layer on the surface of the blade 6 can be swept off, and after the counterweight ring 11 moves to the position of the ice layer, the hot air hole 13 is used to blow out hot air to heat the ice layer from the outside to the inside, thereby accelerating the melting of the ice layer. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a good de-icing effect on the blade 6, a high de-icing efficiency, and realizes automatic de-icing. Moreover, there is no need to shut down the generator, and it can generate electricity while de-icing, effectively avoiding the loss of electricity caused by shutdown.

[0025] After de-icing is completed, the trigger ball 20 will move away from the push switch 19. At this time, the push switch 19 is used to control the retractable discharge motor 16 to reverse, so that the wire rope 18 can be rolled up, thereby driving the counterweight ring 11 to reset.

[0026] A first annular air duct 21 and a second annular air duct 22 are respectively provided inside the counterweight ring 11, an air inlet 23 is provided on the outer surface of the counterweight ring 11, an inner wall of the first annular air duct 21 is respectively provided with a suction fan 24 and a plurality of heating wires 25, and a connecting port 26 is provided between the first annular air duct 21 and the second annular air duct 22, a plurality of hot air holes 13 are connected to the second annular air duct 22, the number of the heating wires 25 is at least eight, and they are distributed in the first annular air duct 21 in an annular array, air is sucked in from the air inlet 23 by the suction fan 24, and the air flowing through the first annular air duct 21 is heated by the heating wires 25, and finally the hot air enters the second annular air duct 22 from the connecting port 26, and then is ejected from the hot air holes 13, so as to heat the ice layer.

[0027] The direction-changing mechanism includes a first servo motor 27, a driving gear 28 and a gear ring 29. The gear ring 29 is fixedly connected to the outside of the blade 6. The first servo motor 27 is fixedly connected to the outside of the end seat 5. The driving gear 28 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor 27, and the driving gear 28 and the gear ring 29 are meshed with each other. By setting the direction-changing mechanism, the first servo motor 27 is used to drive the driving gear 28 to rotate, and then the driving gear 28 and the gear ring 29 are meshed with each other, so that the blade 6 can be driven to rotate, thereby adjusting the pitch angle of the blade 6, so that the blade 6 rotates at a low speed, and the loose ice layer on the blade 6 can also be removed by wind force and centrifugal force.

[0028] In addition, a self-locking mechanism 46 is provided inside the end seat 5 for fixing the blade 6. Specifically, the electric telescopic rod can be used to drive the clamping block to move so that the clamping block and the inner gear ring inside the blade are engaged with each other, thereby locking the blade 6.

[0029] Embodiment 2 includes embodiment 1, and on the basis of embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a groove is opened inside the tower 1, and a movable platform 31 that can be lifted up and down is arranged on the inner side of the groove through a screw lifting mechanism 30, and a nozzle 32 and a monitoring camera 33 are respectively arranged on the surface of the movable platform 31. The nozzle 32 can spray a cleaning agent or a solvent. By setting the screw lifting mechanism 30, the movable platform 31, the nozzle 32 and the monitoring camera 33, the blade 6 can be driven to rotate by a changing mechanism, and the monitoring camera 33 can be used to monitor whether there are pollutants on the surface of the blade 6. The movable platform 31 is driven up and down by the screw lifting mechanism 30, and then the nozzle 32 is controlled to spray the cleaning agent, and the de-icing brush 12 is cooperated to move on the surface of the blade 6, so that the pollutants on the surface of the blade 6 can be cleaned.

[0030] In addition, in practical applications, the hot air holes 13 can be used to blow out hot air to dry the surface of the blade 6, thereby avoiding the subsequent freezing of the detergent.

[0031] A cleaning agent tank 34, a dissolving agent tank 35 and a high-pressure gas tank 36 are respectively arranged inside the tower 1. The output ends of the cleaning agent tank 34, the dissolving agent tank 35 and the high-pressure gas tank 36 are fixedly connected to the nozzle 32 through a telescopic pipe 37, and a first solenoid valve 38 is arranged at the output end of the cleaning agent tank 34, a second solenoid valve 39 is arranged at the output end of the dissolving agent tank 35, and a third solenoid valve 40 is arranged at the output end of the high-pressure gas tank 36. By opening the first solenoid valve 38 and the third solenoid valve 40, the cleaning agent is output by the cleaning agent tank 34, and the high-pressure gas tank 36 outputs high-pressure gas, the cleaning agent can be injected from the telescopic pipe 37 into the nozzle 32 to be sprayed out; or by opening the second solenoid valve 39 and the third solenoid valve 40, the dissolving agent is output by the dissolving agent tank 35, and the high-pressure gas tank 36 outputs high-pressure gas, the dissolving agent can be injected from the telescopic pipe 37 into the nozzle 32 to be sprayed out.

[0032] The temperature and humidity sensor module 7 is connected to the input signal of the main controller 4, and the first solenoid valve 38, the second solenoid valve 39, the third solenoid valve 40, and the screw lifting mechanism 30 are connected to the output signal of the main controller 4. The ice position on the surface of the blade 6 is determined by the temperature and humidity sensor module 7, and then the screw lifting mechanism 30 is used to drive the movable platform 31 to move, and the changing mechanism is used to drive the blade 6 to rotate, so that the nozzle 32 can be aimed at the ice position, and the solvent is sprayed by the nozzle 32, which can accelerate the melting of the ice layer and further improve the de-icing efficiency.

[0033] Embodiment 3 includes embodiment 2, and on the basis of embodiment 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a second servo motor 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the groove, a power gear 42 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor 41, an arc groove 43 is opened inside the tower 1, an arc door 44 is slidably connected in the arc groove 43, and a convex tooth 45 meshing with the power gear 42 is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the arc door 44. The power gear 42 can be driven to rotate by the operation of the second servo motor 41, and the power gear 42 and the convex tooth 45 are meshed with each other, so that the arc door 44 can be driven to slide in the arc groove 43, thereby realizing the control of the opening and closing of the arc door 44. By closing the arc door 44, it can effectively prevent external ice and snow from adhering to the nozzle 32, causing the nozzle 32 to be blocked.

[0034] Working principle: When the automatic de-icing system for blades of a wind turbine is working, the ice monitoring mechanism is first used to determine whether the surface of the blade 6 is frozen and the location of the ice. Specifically, multiple temperature and humidity sensor modules 7 are used to monitor the humidity and temperature of the surface of the blade 6. When the humidity is less than the set value, it is determined that there is no ice. When the humidity is greater than the set value and the temperature is lower than zero degrees Celsius, it is determined that there is ice. A network distribution map of the ice situation is drawn by multiple temperature and humidity sensor modules 7. When the ice range is greater than the set value, the heating electrode 10 is used to power the graphene heating coating 8, which can efficiently convert electrical energy into thermal energy, so that the ice layer on the surface of the blade 6 can be heated to make it fall off. In combination with the super-hydrophobic coating 9, the adhesion of ice to the surface of the blade 6 can be reduced, making it easier for the ice to fall off under the action of wind and gravity. Compared with the traditional resistance wire heating method, the graphene coating is heated more evenly and consumes less energy. , and the damage to the structure of the blade 6 is small; when the ice range is smaller than the set value, the graphene heating coating 8 does not heat, thereby achieving energy saving. At this time, de-icing is achieved by setting an automatic control mechanism. When the blade 6 rotates to a downward tilted position, the trigger ball 20 is used to press the press switch 19 to control the retracting and discharging motor 16 to rotate forward, thereby driving the reeling roller 17 to release the wire rope 18. Under the action of gravity, the counterweight ring 11 drives the de-icing brush 12 to move along the blade 6, so that the ice layer on the surface of the blade 6 can be swept off, and after the counterweight ring 11 moves to the position of the ice layer, the hot air hole 13 is used to blow out hot air to heat the ice layer from the outside to the inside, thereby accelerating the melting of the ice layer. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a good de-icing effect on the blade 6, a high de-icing efficiency, realizes automatic de-icing, and does not require the generator to be shut down. It can generate electricity while de-icing, effectively avoiding the loss of electricity caused by shutdown.

[0035] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the case of no conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other; Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic deicing system for blades of a wind turbine generator set, comprising a tower (1), a wind wheel (2) and a generator body (3), characterized in that: The tower (1) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the generator body (3), a master controller (4) is arranged inside the tower (1), a wind wheel (2) is arranged at the front end of the generator body (3), the outer surface of the wind wheel (2) is fixedly connected to three end seats (5) in a ring array, the surfaces of the three end seats (5) are all rotatably connected to blades (6) through a direction-changing mechanism, and the surfaces of the blades (6) are respectively provided with an icing monitoring mechanism, a global deicing mechanism and a fixed-point deicing mechanism; The icing monitoring mechanism comprises a plurality of temperature and humidity sensor modules (7), the plurality of temperature and humidity sensor modules (7) being distributed on both sides of the blade (6) in a mesh array, the temperature and humidity sensor modules (7) being used to determine whether ice is formed on the surface of the blade (6) and the location of the ice; The global deicing mechanism comprises a graphene heating coating (8), a super-hydrophobic coating (9) and a heating electrode (10); the graphene heating coating (8) is arranged on the outer surface of the blade (6); the super-hydrophobic coating (9) is arranged on the outer surface of the graphene heating coating (8); and the heating electrode (10) is arranged on the surface of the end seat (5) for supplying power to the graphene heating coating (8); The fixed-point deicing mechanism comprises a counterweight ring (11), a deicing brush (12), an automatic control mechanism and a plurality of retracting and releasing mechanisms. The counterweight ring (11) is slidably connected to the outside of the blade (6) via the plurality of retracting and releasing mechanisms. The automatic control mechanism can control the plurality of retracting and releasing mechanisms to operate when one end of the blade (6) away from the wind wheel (2) is tilted downward. The deicing brush (12) is fixedly connected to the surface of the counterweight ring (11) and is used to clean the ice layer on the surface of the blade (6). The inner side of the counterweight ring (11) is provided with a plurality of hot air holes (13) distributed in a ring array. The retracting and releasing mechanism comprises a shell (14), a support plate ( 15), a retractable discharge motor (16), a winding roller (17) and a steel wire rope (18), the housing (14) being fixedly connected to the outside of the end seat (5), the support plate (15) being fixedly connected to the inside of the housing (14), the winding roller (17) being rotatably connected between the two support plates (15), the retractable discharge motor (16) being fixedly connected to the side of the support plate (15), and the output end of the retractable discharge motor (16) being transmission-connected to the winding roller (17), one end of the steel wire rope (18) being wound and fixed on the winding roller (17), and the other end of the steel wire rope (18) passing through the housing (14) and being fixedly connected to the counterweight ring (11).

2. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic control mechanism comprises a control chamber opened inside the end seat (5), a push switch (19) is arranged at the inner bottom of the control chamber, a trigger ball (20) is movably arranged in the control chamber, and the push switch (19) is used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the transmitting and receiving motor (16).

3. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight ring (11) is provided with a first annular air duct (21) and a second annular air duct (22) respectively inside, an air inlet (23) is provided on the outer surface of the counterweight ring (11), an air suction fan (24) and a plurality of heating wires (25) are provided on the inner wall of the first annular air duct (21), a connecting port (26) is provided between the first annular air duct (21) and the second annular air duct (22), and the plurality of hot air holes (13) are all connected to the second annular air duct (22).

4. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the heating wires (25) is at least eight, and they are distributed in the first annular air duct (21) in an annular array.

5. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction-changing mechanism comprises a first servo motor (27), a driving gear (28) and a gear ring (29); the gear ring (29) is fixedly connected to the outside of the blade (6); the first servo motor (27) is fixedly connected to the outside of the end seat (5); the driving gear (28) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor (27); and the driving gear (28) and the gear ring (29) are meshed with each other.

6. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided inside the tower (1), and a movable platform (31) capable of being lifted up and down is provided inside the groove via a screw lifting mechanism (30). A spray head (32) and a monitoring camera (33) are provided on the surface of the movable platform (31), and the spray head (32) is capable of spraying a cleaning agent or a dissolving agent.

7. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cleaning agent tank (34), a dissolving agent tank (35) and a high-pressure gas tank (36) are respectively arranged inside the tower (1); the output ends of the cleaning agent tank (34), the dissolving agent tank (35) and the high-pressure gas tank (36) are fixedly connected to the nozzle (32) via a telescopic pipe (37); the output end of the cleaning agent tank (34) is provided with a first solenoid valve (38), the output end of the dissolving agent tank (35) is provided with a second solenoid valve (39), and the output end of the high-pressure gas tank (36) is provided with a third solenoid valve (40).

8. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity sensor module (7) is signal-connected to the input end of the master controller (4), and the first solenoid valve (38), the second solenoid valve (39), the third solenoid valve (40), and the lead screw lifting mechanism (30) are signal-connected to the output end of the master controller (4).

9. The wind turbine blade automatic deicing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second servo motor (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the groove, and a power gear (42) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor (41). An arc groove (43) is provided inside the tower (1), and an arc door (44) is slidably connected inside the arc groove (43). A convex tooth (45) meshing with the power gear (42) is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the arc door (44).

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