Vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage. The vertical cold storage tank comprises a tank body and a plurality of cold storage assemblies arranged in the tank body. A plurality of baffle plates are arranged in the tank body in the height direction of the tank body, liquid passing holes are formed between the baffle plates and the inner wall of the tank body, the liquid passing holes of every two adjacent baffle plates are arranged in a staggered mode, and a plurality of baffle channels are formed in the tank body from bottom to top. A plurality of cold accumulation plates are horizontally stacked on each baffle plate, and a gap for a secondary refrigerant to circulate is formed between every two adjacent cold accumulation plates. The thickness and the plate spacing of the cold storage plate are uniquely designed, the plate body thickness of the cold storage plate is gradually reduced in the flowing direction of a secondary refrigerant, and meanwhile, the flow speed of the secondary refrigerant is consistent or the flow speed of the secondary refrigerant is higher, so that the time for completing cold filling can be consistent before and after, and the cold storage plate is prevented from completing phase change; the back cold storage plate has no phase change, so that the cold charging time of the whole heat exchanger is longer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cold storage equipment, and in particular to a vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage. Background Art

[0002] As the country has introduced an electricity policy to encourage peak-to-valley shifting to make full use of electricity resources, cold storage air conditioners have become popular. At present, water storage equipment and ice storage equipment have been developed on the market. Both of them use the difference in peak and valley electricity prices to store cold / heat during the valley electricity price period, and use the stored cold / heat to provide cold / heat for air conditioning during the peak electricity consumption period during the day. When the air conditioning use time is synchronized with the non-air conditioning use time and the peak and valley of the power grid, the air conditioning power consumption during the peak time of the power grid can be transferred to the valley of the power grid.

[0003] Reference 1: Chinese patent document with publication number CN 117029545 A

[0004] Reference 1 records a cold storage tank, a cold storage system and a control method thereof, which can be used in the financial field or other fields. The cold storage tank is provided with a plurality of partitions for dividing the cold storage tank into a plurality of cold storage spaces, wherein each cold storage space is provided with a hollow energy storage ball, and the energy storage ball is filled with a phase change cold storage material; the upper part of the cold storage tank is provided with a water inlet pipeline for the inflow of high-temperature water; the lower part of the cold storage tank is provided with a water outlet pipeline for the outflow of low-temperature water.

[0005] Reference 2: Chinese patent document with publication number CN 118757966 A

[0006] Reference 2 records a cold storage device combining water cold storage and phase change cold storage and a cold storage and release control method thereof, the device includes a cold storage tank, an isolation support net is provided near the bottom of the cold storage tank, a phase change material distribution rack is supported in the cold storage tank and on the isolation support net, the phase change material distribution rack is distributed with phase change material cold storage units, the phase change material distribution rack makes the phase change material cold storage units dispersed in the water in the cold storage tank, the water is used for cold storage and heat conduction. The cold storage device adopts a 5℃ phase change material cold storage unit and uses water as the medium for cold storage and heat conduction, which solves the problem of low heat conduction efficiency in the cold storage and release process; in particular, the phase change material cold storage module is divided into a plurality of small phase change material cold storage units dispersed in the water medium, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency of cold storage and release. The cold storage control method adopts a segmented and step-by-step cold storage method, which further improves the working efficiency of cold storage.

[0007] However, the existing phase change cold storage equipment still has the following problems:

[0008] The cold storage plates at different positions in the cold storage device store / release cold unevenly. The cold storage plates close to the coolant inlet are fully charged in a shorter time, while the cold storage boxes far from the coolant inlet take a longer time to be fully charged, which ultimately leads to a longer overall charging time for the cold storage device. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem of uneven cold storage / release of cold storage plates at different positions in the phase change cold storage equipment in the prior art, and to provide a vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage, comprising a tank body, which is composed of an intermediate cylinder and upper and lower heads;

[0011] A plurality of baffles are arranged in the middle cylinder of the tank along its height direction, and a liquid passage hole is provided between the baffle located above the bottom baffle and the inner wall of the tank, and the liquid passage holes of two adjacent baffles are arranged alternately, so that a multi-baffle channel is formed inside the tank from bottom to top;

[0012] A limiting net and a water distribution plate are also arranged between adjacent baffles, and the water distribution plate and the limiting net are respectively located at the inlet end and the outlet end of the flow channel;

[0013] Multiple cold storage plates are stacked horizontally on each baffle, and the cold storage plates are located in the space surrounded by the limit net and the water distribution plate, and there is a gap between the upper and lower adjacent cold storage plates for the circulation of the coolant;

[0014] The thickness of the cold storage plates on the same baffle and the gaps between adjacent cold storage plates are the same, and the thickness of the cold storage plates on different baffles and the gaps between adjacent cold storage plates have the following pattern: from bottom to top, the thickness of the cold storage plates gradually decreases, and at the same time, the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the cold storage assembly remains unchanged or gradually increases.

[0015] As a further optimization of the vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: the ratio of the thickness of the cold storage plate located on the same baffle to the distance between adjacent cold storage plates is k, 1≤k≤7, the k value is different on different baffles, and the change of the k value shows the following rule: from bottom to top, k gradually increases.

[0016] As a further optimization of the vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: the phase change material of the cold storage plates located on the same baffle is the same, and the phase change materials filled in the cold storage plates on different baffles are different. The change of the phase change material shows the following rule: from bottom to top, the thermal conductivity of the phase change material gradually increases.

[0017] As a further optimization of the vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: the phase change material in the cold storage plate is a hydrated salt phase change material.

[0018] As a further optimization of the vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: the coolant is water.

[0019] As a further optimization of the vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: the cold storage plates located at the periphery are limited by positioning angle steels.

[0020] As a further optimization of the vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: a distributor is arranged in the tank body at the position corresponding to the coolant inlet.

[0021] As a further optimization of a vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: the cold storage plate includes a cold storage plate body, the cold storage plate body has a phase change cold storage material storage cavity, a loading port is arranged at one end of the cold storage plate body, and the upper and lower surfaces of the cold storage plate body are provided with a plurality of mutually parallel guide grooves, and the surface of the cold storage plate body is located between two adjacent guide grooves and between the outermost guide groove and the side of the body, and a plurality of V-shaped protrusions or arc-shaped protrusions are evenly distributed along its length direction.

[0022] As a further optimization of the vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: an exhaust valve and a safety valve are arranged on the top of the upper head.

[0023] As a further optimization of the vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage of the present invention: the bottom baffle is a grid plate, and a drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the lower head.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention uniquely designs the thickness of the cold storage plate and the plate spacing. Along the flow direction of the coolant, the plate thickness of the cold storage plate gradually becomes thinner. At the same time, the product of the number of cold storage plates and the spacing between adjacent cold storage plates remains unchanged or gradually decreases, so that the front and rear flow velocities in the flow direction of the coolant are consistent or the rear flow velocity is higher. In this way, the time for completing the cold charging can be guaranteed to be consistent, avoiding the front cold storage box completing the phase change while the rear cold storage box does not change phase, resulting in a longer cold charging time for the entire heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vertical cold storage tank;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the cold storage plate on the baffle plate;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the arrangement positions of the liquid holes on two adjacent baffles;

[0028] Figure 4 The overall structural diagram of the cold storage plate (Form 1);

[0029] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the assembly state of the cold storage plate (Form 1);

[0030] Figure 6 The overall structural diagram of the cold storage plate (Form 2);

[0031] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure of the V-shaped protrusion and V-shaped groove of the cold storage plate (Form 2);

[0032] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the assembly state of the cold storage plate (Form 2);

[0033] Fig. 9 The overall structural diagram of the cold storage plate (Form 3);

[0034] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first protrusion and the second protrusion of the cold storage plate (form three);

[0035] Fig.11 The schematic diagram of the assembly state of the cold storage plate (Form 3);

[0036] Fig.12 The overall structural diagram of the cold storage plate (with avoidance groove);

[0037] Markings in the figure:

[0038] 1. Cold storage board;

[0039] 2. Diversion trough;

[0040] 3. V-shaped protrusion;

[0041] 4. V-shaped groove;

[0042] 5. The first protrusion;

[0043] 6. Second bulge;

[0044] 7. Avoidance slot;

[0045] 8. Tank body;

[0046] 9. Baffle;

[0047] 10. Limiting net;

[0048] 11. Positioning angle steel;

[0049] 12. Liquid hole;

[0050] 13. Water distribution board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with embodiments, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0052] like Figure 1-3 Shown is a vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage, including a tank body 8, which is composed of an intermediate cylinder and upper and lower heads.

[0053] A plurality of baffles 9 are arranged in the middle cylinder of the tank body 8 along its height direction. A liquid passage hole 12 is provided between the baffle 9 located above the bottom baffle 9 and the inner wall of the tank body 8. The liquid passage holes 12 of two adjacent baffles 9 are arranged alternately, and a plurality of baffle channels are formed from bottom to top inside the tank body 8.

[0054] The bottom baffle plate 9 is a grid plate, and a drain valve is provided at the bottom of the lower end cap, and an exhaust valve and a safety valve are provided at the top of the upper end cap.

[0055] A limiting net 10 and a water distribution plate 13 are further arranged between adjacent baffles 9. The water distribution plate 13 and the limiting net 10 are respectively located at the inlet end and the outlet end of the flow channel.

[0056] Multiple cold storage plates 1 are stacked horizontally on each baffle plate 9, and the cold storage plates 1 are all located in the space surrounded by the limiting net 10 and the water distribution plate 13, and there is a gap for the circulation of the coolant between the upper and lower adjacent cold storage plates 1. Of course, the cold storage plates 1 can also be prevented from shifting by arranging positioning angle steels 11 on the periphery of the cold storage plates 1.

[0057] The water distribution plate 13 can make the distribution and flow of the coolant more uniform. The water distribution plate 13 evenly distributes the fluid on the cooling surface, increases the contact area between the fluid and the cooling surface, makes energy transfer more complete, reduces local dead zones, and improves the overall cooling coefficient, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0058] The thickness of the cold storage plates 1 on the same baffle plate 9 and the gaps between adjacent cold storage plates 1 are the same, and the thickness of the cold storage plates 1 on different baffle plates 9 and the gaps between adjacent cold storage plates 1 have the following rule: from bottom to top, the thickness of the cold storage plates 1 gradually decreases, and at the same time, the product of the number of cold storage plates 1 and the spacing between adjacent cold storage plates 1 remains unchanged or gradually decreases.

[0059] The specifications of the cold storage plates 1 located on the same baffle plate 9 are the same, and the phase change materials filled therein are also the same. It can be foreseen that since the thickness of the cold storage plates 1 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the coolant, the number of cold storage plates 1 on the baffle plate 9 also tends to increase along the flow direction of the coolant.

[0060] The ratio of the thickness of the cold storage plate 1 on the same baffle 9 to the spacing between adjacent cold storage plates 1 is k, 1≤k≤7, and the k values ​​of different cold storage components are different. The change of the k value shows the following rule: along the flow direction of the coolant, k gradually increases.

[0061] The phase change material filled in the cold storage plates 1 on the same baffle plate 9 is the same, and the phase change material filled in the cold storage plates 11 of different groups of cold storage components is different. The change of the phase change material shows the following rule: along the flow direction of the coolant, the thermal conductivity of the phase change material gradually increases.

[0062] Along the flow direction of the coolant, the plate thickness of the cold storage plate 1 becomes gradually thinner, and at the same time, the product of the number of cold storage plates 1 and the spacing between adjacent cold storage plates 1 remains unchanged or gradually decreases, so that in the flow direction of the coolant, the front and rear flow velocities of the coolant are consistent or the rear flow velocity is higher, so that the time for completing the cold charging can be guaranteed to be consistent, avoiding the situation where the front cold storage box completes the phase change while the rear cold storage box does not change phase, resulting in a longer cold charging time for the entire heat exchanger.

[0063] Water can be used as a coolant. Water has a high specific heat capacity and can absorb or release a large amount of heat while its own temperature change is relatively small, which enables it to effectively store and transfer cold during the cold storage and release process. In addition, water has stable chemical properties and will not undergo chemical reactions under general cold storage and release conditions, and will not cause adverse effects such as corrosion to cold storage equipment and cooled objects.

[0064] The cold storage plate 1 includes a cold storage plate body, which has a phase change cold storage material storage cavity. A loading port is provided at one end of the cold storage plate body. The upper and lower surfaces of the cold storage plate body are provided with a plurality of mutually parallel guide grooves 2. The surface of the cold storage plate body is located between two adjacent guide grooves 2 and between the outermost guide groove 2 and the side of the body. A plurality of V-shaped protrusions 3 or arc-shaped protrusions are evenly distributed along its length direction.

[0065] The phase change material filled in the cold storage plate can be a hydrated salt phase change material. The hydrated salt phase change material mainly realizes cold storage through its solid-liquid phase change at a specific temperature. During the cold storage process, when the ambient temperature is lower than the phase change temperature of the hydrated salt, the hydrated salt changes from liquid to solid, releasing the latent heat of phase change, thereby realizing cold storage. During the cold release process, when the ambient temperature is higher than the phase change temperature of the hydrated salt, the hydrated salt changes from solid to liquid, absorbs the surrounding heat, and realizes cold release.

[0066] The loading port of the cold storage plate body is provided with a loading nozzle and a cap, mainly to facilitate the filling of the phase change material into the cold storage plate 1. There are at least two ways to set the loading nozzle:

[0067] The loading port of the cold storage plate body is located in the recess, and the loading nozzle is just hidden in the recess. The shape of the entire cold storage plate body is relatively regular, but this type of loading nozzle cannot completely fill the interior of the cold storage plate body. Some organic phase change materials are liquid at room temperature, and when the temperature drops below the melting point, it solidifies into a solid state. The volume of the organic phase change material will shrink during the solidification process. This is because its molecules are relatively loosely arranged in the liquid state, and are more tightly arranged in the solid state. Even if the material is filled, the cold storage plate 1 will not be deformed during the phase change process.

[0068] Another form is: the loading port of the cold storage plate body is provided with a threaded loading nozzle, a cap is screwed on the loading nozzle, and the end of the cold storage plate body opposite to the loading nozzle is provided with an avoidance groove 7 suitable for the shape of the loading nozzle. When multiple cold storage plates 1 are docked, the loading nozzles of adjacent cold storage plates 1 can be placed in the avoidance groove 7 (see Fig.12 ).

[0069] There are three specific forms of cold storage plate body:

[0070] Form 1: Figure 4-5 As shown, the material of the cold storage plate body can usually be plastic material, such as HDPE and PE. Plastic material is widely used in the manufacture of cold storage plate 1 due to its good plasticity, durability and cost-effectiveness. Plastic materials such as HDPE high-density polyethylene and PE polyethylene are not only safe and non-toxic, but also have good cold preservation performance and repeated use.

[0071] The upper and lower surfaces of the cold storage plate body are provided with a plurality of mutually parallel guide grooves 2, and the cross section of the guide groove 2 is inverted trapezoidal. The surface of the cold storage plate body is located between two adjacent guide grooves 2 and between the outermost guide groove 2 and the side of the body along its length.

[0072] The raised openings on the upper and lower surfaces of the cold storage plate body face opposite directions. The upper and lower surfaces of the cold storage plate body are also provided with end grooves, the cross section of which is V-shaped. One end of the end groove is connected to the end surface of the cold storage plate body, and the other end extends into the interval of the guide groove 2.

[0073] Through the unique surface structure design, the turbulence degree of the heat transfer medium on the surface of the cold storage plate body can be increased, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency. In addition, the cold storage plate 1 has a strong ability to withstand external pressure and the sealing port does not leak.

[0074] Form 2: Figure 6-8 As shown, this form has the same overall structure as Form 1, and the difference is that a V-shaped groove 4 is provided between two adjacent protrusions in the same row, and the direction of the V-shaped groove 4 or the arc groove is consistent with that of the V-shaped protrusion 3.

[0075] Form 3: Figure 9-11As shown, this form has the same overall structure as Form 1, except that the heights of the protrusions in the same column are inconsistent.

[0076] The protrusions in the same column include a first protrusion 5 with a height of h1 and a second protrusion 6 with a height of h2, h1>h2, and multiple protrusions in the same column are arranged in a regular pattern of “first protrusion, second protrusion, second protrusion, first protrusion, second protrusion, second protrusion, first protrusion…”.

[0077] The cold storage plate uses its special design and the phase change material filled inside to effectively capture the cold energy carried by the cooling water generated by the chiller. These phase change materials have specific thermodynamic properties and can undergo phase changes in low temperature environments, such as from liquid to solid or from one crystalline state to another, absorbing a large amount of latent heat in the process, thereby achieving cold energy storage.

[0078] When daytime comes and peak electricity consumption occurs, a large number of heat-generating electronic components such as servers and storage devices in the data center require a stable low-temperature environment to ensure their normal operation. At this time, the phase-change cold storage tank begins to release cold energy. Through a properly arranged heat exchange system, a reverse phase change process occurs in the cold storage tank, and the stored cold energy is transferred to the refrigerant. The refrigerant then distributes the cold energy evenly to various areas of the data center through a precisely designed pipeline network, thereby effectively reducing the room temperature and meeting the room's cooling needs.

[0079] This working mode effectively achieves the "peak shifting and valley filling" of electricity. During peak electricity consumption periods, by using phase change cold storage tanks to release cold to cool the data room, the amount of electricity that the data room obtains from the power grid for cooling is significantly reduced, alleviating the power supply pressure of the power grid during peak periods. At the same time, during the low electricity consumption period at night, the process of the chiller storing cold in the cold storage tank increases the power load during the low period, improves the power utilization rate of the power system during the low period, and makes the power resources more reasonably allocated and utilized in the time dimension, which is of great significance for optimizing the operating efficiency and economy of the power system.

[0080] The present invention makes a unique design for the thickness of the cold storage plate and the plate spacing. Along the flow direction of the coolant, the plate thickness of the cold storage plate gradually becomes thinner. At the same time, the product of the number of cold storage plates and the spacing between adjacent cold storage plates remains unchanged or gradually decreases, so that in the flow direction of the coolant, the front and rear flow velocities of the coolant are consistent or the rear flow velocity is higher. In this way, the time for completing the cold charging can be guaranteed to be consistent, avoiding the situation where the front cold storage box completes the phase change while the rear cold storage box does not change phase, resulting in a longer cold charging time for the entire heat exchanger.

[0081] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage, comprising a tank body (8), the tank body (8) consisting of an intermediate cylinder and upper and lower heads, characterized in that: A plurality of baffles (9) are arranged in the middle cylinder of the tank body (8) along its height direction, and a liquid passage hole (12) is provided between the baffle (9) located above the bottom baffle (9) and the inner wall of the tank body (8), and the liquid passage holes (12) of two adjacent baffles (9) are arranged alternately, so that a plurality of baffle channels are formed inside the tank body (8) from bottom to top; A limiting net (10) and a water distribution plate (13) are also provided between adjacent baffles (9), and the water distribution plate (13) and the limiting net (10) are respectively located at the inlet end and the outlet end of the flow channel; A plurality of cold storage plates (1) are stacked horizontally on each baffle plate (9), the cold storage plates (1) are all located in a space surrounded by a limiting net (10) and a water distribution plate (13), and a gap for circulating a coolant is provided between upper and lower adjacent cold storage plates (1); The thickness of the cold storage plates (1) on the same baffle plate (9) and the gaps between adjacent cold storage plates (1) are the same, and the thickness of the cold storage plates (1) on different baffle plates (9) and the gaps between adjacent cold storage plates (1) have the following rule: from bottom to top, the thickness of the cold storage plates (1) gradually decreases, and at the same time, the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the cold storage component remains unchanged or gradually increases.

2. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the thickness of the cold storage plate (1) located on the same baffle plate (9) to the distance between adjacent cold storage plates (1) is k, 1≤k≤7, and the k value is different on different baffle plates (9). The change of the k value shows the following rule: from bottom to top, k gradually increases.

3. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material of the cold storage plates (1) located on the same baffle plate (9) is the same, and the phase change material filled in the cold storage plates (1) on different baffle plates (9) is different. The change of the phase change material shows the following rule: from bottom to top, the thermal conductivity of the phase change material gradually increases.

4. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The phase change material in the cold storage plate (1) is a hydrated salt phase change material.

5. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The coolant is water.

6. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cold storage plate (1) located at the periphery is limited in position by a positioning angle steel (11).

7. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A distributor is provided in the tank body (8) at a location corresponding to the coolant inlet.

8. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cold storage plate (1) comprises a cold storage plate body, the cold storage plate body having a phase change cold storage material storage cavity, a loading port being arranged at one end of the cold storage plate body, a plurality of mutually parallel guide grooves (2) being arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the cold storage plate body, and a plurality of V-shaped protrusions (3) or arc-shaped protrusions being evenly distributed along the length direction of the cold storage plate body surface between two adjacent guide grooves (2) and between the outermost guide groove (2) and the side edge of the body.

9. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust valve and a safety valve are arranged on the top of the upper sealing head.

10. A vertical cold storage tank based on phase change energy storage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom baffle plate (9) is a grid plate, and a drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the lower head.

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