A method, system, device and medium for automatically generating special-shaped waste materials

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic generation method, system, device and medium based on special-shaped residual materials, which belongs to the field of laser processing technology. Based on the preset layout results, the center position of the part bounding box is calculated, and the layout starting position and layout direction and the concentrated position of the parts are determined; the outer contours of each layout part on the plate are extracted, and the endpoint data of the contour is calculated as the point that the ray must pass through, and multiple rays are constructed; the first intersection point of all rays and the outer contour of the part in the view is calculated; the residual material margin is added, and the residual material line is expanded according to the margin distance; the expanded residual material line is combined with each edge of the plate, and the excess plate edge is cut off according to the position of the arranged parts to generate a special-shaped residual material drawing. The problem that workers rely on naked eyes and rough measurement methods to adjust the position of the machine tool to re-cut the usable plate is solved, and such a processing method is relatively cumbersome, inefficient and prone to misjudgment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular relates to an automatic generation method, system, equipment and medium based on special-shaped waste materials. Background Art

[0002] Laser processing technology has the characteristics of strong directionality, high processing precision, small thermal deformation and no pollution. It is widely used in the processing of metals, non-metals, plastics and various composite materials.

[0003] When cutting complete sheets, without optimized layout or when cutting large, unusually shaped parts, some usable material will be left behind. Existing methods include workers relying on visual inspection and crude measurement techniques to adjust the machine tool position and re-cut usable material. This process is cumbersome, inefficient, and prone to misjudgment. Another approach involves simply automatically calculating one or more straight lines of material left, using methods such as rectangular or T-shaped material leftovers.

[0004] Existing methods often cannot fully utilize the sheet materials, so there is an urgent need for a more automated, efficient and material-saving method that can automatically generate special-shaped residual materials according to the part contour. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an automatic generation method based on special-shaped leftover materials, which solves the problem that workers rely on the naked eye and rough measurement methods to adjust the position of the machine tool to re-cut the usable plates. Such a processing method is cumbersome, inefficient and prone to misjudgment.

[0006] Methods include: S101: Based on the preset layout result, the position of the center of the part bounding box is calculated, and by comparing the center of the part bounding box with the center of the plate, the layout starting position and layout direction are determined, and then the part concentration position is determined; S102: Based on the residual material line ray direction obtained from the concentrated position of the parts, the outer contours of each laid-out part on the plate are extracted, and the endpoint data of the contours are calculated as the points that the rays must pass through, thereby constructing multiple rays; S103: Calculate the first intersection point of all rays with the outer contour of the part in the view, and extract the remaining material contour line based on the intersection point; S104: Adding a margin for the remaining material, and expanding the remaining material line according to the margin distance; S105: Combine the expanded residual material line with each edge of the plate, and cut off the excess plate edge according to the position of the arranged parts to generate a special-shaped residual material drawing.

[0007] Optionally, step S101 further includes: Pre-process the plate graphics, convert the graphics into parts, add plates and lay out the patterns; Obtain the layout results after nesting is completed and obtain the outer contour graphics of all parts on the plate; Extract all parts in the view and match them to the minimum rectangular bounding box parallel to the coordinate axis, that is, the part bounding box; Convert the outline of the plate graphic into a surface and extract the centroid of the surface where the plate graphic is located; Determine the relative position of the center of the part bounding box and the center of the plate; If the horizontal and vertical positions of the part center are both smaller than the corresponding positions of the plate center, the starting position of the nesting is the lower left; If the horizontal position of the part center is smaller than that of the plate center, and the vertical position of the part center is larger than that of the plate center, the nesting start position is the upper left. If the horizontal position of the part center is greater than the horizontal position of the plate center, and the vertical position of the part center is less than the vertical position of the plate center, the nesting start position is the lower right; If the horizontal and vertical positions of the part center are both greater than the corresponding positions of the plate center, the nesting start position is the upper right; Determine the relative position of the part bounding box and the plate centroid; If the horizontal position of the maximum value of the part bounding box is smaller than the horizontal position of the plate centroid or the horizontal position of the minimum value of the part bounding box is larger than the horizontal position of the plate centroid, the nesting direction is vertical; If the vertical position of the maximum value of the part bounding box is smaller than the vertical position of the plate centroid or the vertical position of the minimum value of the part bounding box is larger than the vertical position of the plate centroid, the nesting direction is horizontal; If the ratio of the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the part bounding box in the horizontal direction to the horizontal position of the plate centroid is greater than the ratio of the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the part bounding box in the vertical direction to the vertical position of the plate centroid, the nesting direction is horizontal; Otherwise, the arrangement direction is vertical.

[0008] Optionally, step S102 further includes: Determine the relative position of the part bounding box and the plate centroid; If the starting position is the lower left and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the direction of the ray is from top to bottom. If the starting position is the lower left and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from right to left; If the starting position is the upper left and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the ray direction is from bottom to top. If the starting position is the upper left and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from right to left; If the starting position is the upper right and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the ray direction is from bottom to top. If the starting position is the upper right and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from left to right; If the starting position is the lower right and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the direction of the ray is from top to bottom. If the starting position is the lower right and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from left to right; Extract all edges of the outer contours of all parts on the view; Traverse all edges and determine the direction of the ray; If the ray direction is from top to bottom or from left to right, multiply the horizontal coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of all edges by the preset scale factor and add them to the node list; If the ray direction is from left to right or from right to left, the vertical coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of all edges are multiplied by the preset scale factor and added to the node list; Sort all nodes in ascending order; Constructs multiple rays based on nodes and ray directions.

[0009] Optionally, step S103 further includes: Traverse all nodes; Get the intersection set of the ray where the current node is located and all edges, and record the edge index; Determine the direction of the ray; If the ray direction is from top to bottom, sort them in descending order according to the size of the intersection point in the vertical direction; If the direction of the ray is from bottom to top, then sort in ascending order according to the size of the intersection point in the vertical direction; If the ray direction is from left to right, sort in ascending order according to the size of the intersection point in the horizontal direction; If the ray direction is from right to left, sort in descending order according to the size of the intersection point in the horizontal direction; At the first node, record the starting node and ending node of the previous part edge as the current node and the next node; Starting from the second node, get the edge index of the second intersection after sorting all the intersections of the previous node, and record it as the edge index of the previous part edge; Get the previous part edge according to the edge index of the previous part edge; Determine whether the edge index of the second intersection point after all intersection points of the current node are sorted is the previous part edge; If it is the same as the previous part edge, skip the node; If it is different from the previous part edge, continue execution; Calculate all intersections between the ray where the starting node of the previous part edge is located and the previous part edge and mark them as the starting intersection set; Calculate all intersections between the ray where the current node is located and the previous part edge, and mark them as the ending intersection set; Determine the direction of the ray; If the ray direction is from top to bottom, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in descending order according to the size in the vertical direction; If the ray direction is from bottom to top, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in ascending order according to the size in the vertical direction; If the ray direction is from left to right, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in ascending order according to the size in the horizontal direction; If the ray direction is from right to left, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in descending order according to the size in the horizontal direction; If it is the first edge of the residual material line, add the connecting straight line of the point closest to the plate to the residual material graphic set; Add a connecting line from the end point of the previous part edge to the starting intersection point to make up for the outer contour line in the projection direction; Cut the edge between the starting and ending intersection points of the previous part edge and add it to the remaining material graphic set as the remaining material edge.

[0010] Optionally, step S104 further includes: All graphics in the residual material graphics set are merged according to the preset merged connected line accuracy information to obtain a residual material line result set; Remove extremely small graphics from the residual line result set; Combine the residual material line result set into a residual material curve graph; The residual material curve is expanded to obtain the offset residual material line.

[0011] Optionally, the step of performing a merging operation on all graphics in the residual material graphic set according to a preset merging connected line to obtain a result set of a residual material line also includes: Break up the graph completely, get all the edges of the graph, and get the original edge set; Combine each edge into a new data structure entity, including the edge's starting point, end point, graph information, and original edge set index; Take the first edge entity as the base entity and add it to the connected line result set; Traverse all unprocessed basic entities and process the data backwards; According to the data structure of the first edge, find all edges whose distance from the end point of the current edge is less than the precision of the merged connected line, and obtain the result set; Determine the number of result sets; If the quantity is 0, no processing will be done; If the quantity is 1, the result is used as the basic entity and added to the connected line result set; If the number is greater than 1, according to the distance priority principle, find the result closest to the current result, take the result as the basic entity and add it to the connection line result set; After the basic entity is processed, if there are still unprocessed entities, clear the basic entity collection; Use the first edge entity as the base entity; Traverse all unprocessed basic entities and process data forward; According to the data structure of the first edge, find all edges whose distance from the starting point of the current edge is less than the precision of the merged connected line, and obtain the result set; Determine the number of result sets; If the quantity is 0, no processing will be done; If the quantity is 1, the result is used as the basic entity and added to the connected line result set; If the number is greater than 1, according to the distance priority principle, find the result closest to the current result, use this result as the basic entity and add it to the connection line result set; The data in the connected line result set is used as the result set of merging connected lines.

[0012] Optionally, step S105 further includes: Intersect the plate pattern and the offset residual line pattern to obtain the intersection point; Convert the plate graphics into surfaces; Decompose the remaining material into edges; Find the index set of the remaining edges corresponding to the intersection point; Traverse the remaining edges at the intersection, split the remaining edges according to the intersection, and delete the original edges; Traverse the remaining edges after segmentation; Determine whether the midpoint of the split edge is within the plate; If it is on the outside of the board, it is not treated; If it is inside the plate, add a new set of residual edges; Traverse the edges of the board where the intersection is located, split the edges of the board according to the intersection, and delete the original edges; Traverse the edges of the split plate; Determine whether the edge after segmentation is on the residual material side of the residual material direction; If it is not on the residual material side, it will not be processed; If it is on the side of the remaining material, then add a new set of plate edges; Merge the new scrap edge set and the plate edge set to generate a scrap drawing.

[0013] The present application also provides an automatic generation system based on special-shaped waste materials, the system comprising: The part positioning module is used to calculate the center of the part bounding box based on the preset layout results. It also determines the starting position and direction of the layout by comparing the center of the part bounding box with the center of the plate, and then determines the concentrated position of the parts. The ray construction module is used to extract the outer contours of each laid-out part on the sheet according to the residual material line ray direction obtained from the concentrated position of the parts, and calculate the endpoint data of the contour as the points that the ray must pass through, thereby constructing multiple rays; The residual material line extraction module is used to calculate the first intersection point of all rays with the outer contour of the part in the view, and extract the residual material contour line based on the intersection point; The excess material line expansion module is used to add excess material margins and expand the excess material line according to the margin distance; The residual material drawing acquisition module is used to combine the expanded residual material line with the edges of the plate, and cut off the excess plate edges according to the positions of the arranged parts to generate special-shaped residual material drawings.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the present application, a device for deploying nesting software is provided, comprising: at least one database; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one database; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one database, and the instructions are executed by the at least one database so that the at least one database can execute the method of automatically generating special-shaped waste materials by the nesting software.

[0015] According to another embodiment of the present application, a storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste materials are implemented.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages: The automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste provided in this application is based on the preset layout results, calculates the position of the center of the part bounding box, and determines the layout starting position and layout direction by comparing the center of the part bounding box and the center of the plate, and then determines the concentrated position of the parts. It can make the part layout more orderly, avoid the waste of plate space caused by random layout or the irregular shape and difficulty in handling of subsequent waste materials, and improve the utilization rate of the plate.

[0017] The method of the present application provides a clear basis for the definition of surplus material. Constructing rays based on the actual contour of the part can more accurately fit the actual production layout, avoid inaccurate surplus material division, and improve the accuracy of subsequent surplus material extraction and utilization.

[0018] This application removes excess sheet edges from the overall graphic data, retaining only the sheet edges and scrap lines associated with the scrap area, thereby generating a special-shaped scrap drawing. During the cutting process, care must be taken to maintain the topological structure of the graphic intact to ensure the accuracy and usability of the scrap drawing after cutting.

[0019] The automatic generation method based on special-shaped scraps involved in this application can display the actual shape and size of the scraps by generating special-shaped scrap drawings, so that in the subsequent production process, the scraps can be accurately applied to other suitable parts processing or product manufacturing, avoiding material waste due to unclear scrap shapes and improving the overall utilization rate of the plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the automatic generation method based on special-shaped residual materials; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of step S1 of an embodiment of a method for automatically generating irregular-shaped waste materials; Figure 3 A schematic diagram for obtaining the layout result after nesting is completed; Figure 4 To obtain the schematic diagram of the outer contour graphics of all parts on the plate; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the specific process of step S2; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the specific process of step S3; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a residual material line graphic generated based on an automatic generation method for irregular residual materials; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of expanding the residual material line according to the margin distance; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the specific process of step S4; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the generated special-shaped residual material drawing; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the finished special-shaped scrap drawing; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the specific process of step S5; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the automatic generation system based on special-shaped waste materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing manual processing methods are cumbersome, inefficient, prone to misjudgment, and cannot fully utilize the plate. The automatic generation method based on special-shaped scrap proposed by the present invention can calculate the position of the center of the part bounding box according to the layout results that have been completed on the nesting software, and determine the layout starting position and layout direction by comparing the center of the part bounding box and the plate centroid, and then determine the part concentration position; calculate the ray direction of the scrap line according to the part concentration position, extract the outer contour of each laid-out part on the plate and calculate the endpoint data of the contour as the point that the ray must pass through, and construct multiple rays; calculate the first intersection point of all rays with the outer contour of the part in the view, and extract the scrap contour line according to the intersection point; in order to avoid cutting the edge parts of the plate, add scrap margins, and expand the scrap line according to the margin distance; combine the expanded scrap line with each edge of the plate, and cut off the excess plate edge according to the position of the arranged parts to generate a special-shaped scrap drawing, which can fully utilize the plate.

[0023] The following describes a specific implementation of the method for automatically generating irregularly shaped scraps. Specific details, such as specific system structures and techniques, are provided for illustrative purposes, not for limitation, to facilitate a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details.

[0024] The phrases "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" described in this application mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in the embodiment are included in one or more embodiments of the application. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in other embodiments," etc. that appear in different places in this application do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the automatic generation method based on special-shaped residual materials includes: S101: Based on the preset layout result, the position of the center of the part bounding box is calculated, and by comparing the center of the part bounding box with the center of the plate, the layout starting position and layout direction are determined, and then the part concentration position is determined.

[0027] In some embodiments, the layout result information of the completed nesting in the nesting software is used to calculate the coordinates of the center of the part bounding box for each part through an algorithm.

[0028] It should be noted that the bounding box is the smallest rectangular box that can exactly surround the part.

[0029] For example, the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​of the center of the bounding box can be calculated by obtaining the minimum horizontal coordinate, maximum horizontal coordinate, minimum vertical coordinate, and maximum vertical coordinate of each vertex coordinate of the part on the two-dimensional plane.

[0030] In this embodiment, the centroid position of the plate is calculated based on the geometric shape and size of the plate, and its coordinate point in the plane is determined by the centroid calculation formula.

[0031] Compare the center of each part's bounding box to the plate's centroid. If the center of the part's bounding box is above, to the left, or to the right of the plate's centroid, use this to determine the starting position for nesting. That is, use the plate's centroid as a reference, and a suitable location near the plate's edge as the starting point for part placement and nesting direction.

[0032] Based on the determined nesting starting position and direction, this embodiment can know the approximate area where the parts are relatively concentrated, that is, the parts concentration position.

[0033] It can be seen that the method of this embodiment can make the parts layout more orderly, avoid the waste of plate space caused by random layout or the subsequent irregular shape of residual materials and difficulty in handling, thereby improving the utilization rate of the plate.

[0034] S102: According to the residual material line ray direction obtained from the concentrated position of the parts, the outer contours of each laid-out part on the plate are extracted, and the endpoint data of the contours are calculated as the points that the rays must pass through, thereby constructing multiple rays.

[0035] In some embodiments, the parts concentration location is determined, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the parts concentration location are analyzed to determine the ray direction of the residual material line. The ray direction can be a suitable direction such as perpendicular to the boundary of the parts concentration area and radiating outward.

[0036] This embodiment uses a graphic recognition algorithm to extract the outer contours of the parts that have been laid out on the plate. This involves identifying the various line segments that constitute the outer contour of the part and the connection relationship between the line segments, and storing the outer contour in the form of data, such as recording the coordinate information of each endpoint on the contour.

[0037] These contour endpoint data are used as points that the ray must pass through. Using the geometric drawing algorithm, multiple rays are constructed from the set ray starting point along the determined ray direction to ensure that these rays are associated with the outer contour of the part.

[0038] It can be seen that the method of this embodiment provides a clear basis for the definition of residual material. Constructing rays based on the actual contour of the part can more accurately fit the actual production layout, avoid inaccurate residual material division, and improve the accuracy of subsequent residual material extraction and utilization.

[0039] S103: Calculate the first intersection point of all rays with the outer contour of the part in the view, and extract the remaining material contour line based on the intersection point.

[0040] In some embodiments, for each constructed ray, a geometric calculation algorithm is used to calculate the first intersection point between the ray and the outer contour of the part in the view, starting from the ray's starting point and along the ray's direction. This embodiment can traverse the intersection of the ray with each part's outer contour, determine the location of the first intersection point, and accurately record its coordinates and other information.

[0041] After finding the first intersection point corresponding to all rays, the contour line of the residual material is extracted based on the coordinates of the intersection point and the connection relationship between the intersection points, using curve fitting, line segment connection and other methods. These scattered intersection points are combined in an orderly manner to form a contour line that completely reflects the boundary of the residual material.

[0042] It should be noted that this embodiment uses the intersection of the ray and the outer contour of the part as the key nodes to outline the outline of the residual material. This is because these intersection points happen to be the dividing points between the residual material and the typeset parts. This can accurately depict the actual shape and range of the residual material on the plate, which is in line with the logic of residual material generation, that is, determining the residual material boundary from the boundary of the area with parts and the remaining blank area.

[0043] S104: Add a margin for the remaining material, and expand the remaining material line outward according to the margin distance.

[0044] In an embodiment, the distance value of the residual material edge is set according to the production process requirements or actual use needs. The distance value can be a fixed value or can be dynamically determined through a corresponding calculation formula based on factors such as different board materials and residual material uses.

[0045] This embodiment uses a graphic transformation algorithm based on the extracted residual material contour lines to equidistantly expand each contour line outward according to the set margin distance.

[0046] For example, for the contour line of a straight line segment, the expansion of the straight line segment can be achieved by calculating the coordinates of the new endpoints after the endpoints are translated outward in the vertical direction by a margin distance; for the contour line of a curved segment, the corresponding expansion operation is performed using a curve deformation algorithm based on control points.

[0047] S105: Combine the expanded residual material line with each edge of the plate, and cut off the excess plate edge according to the position of the arranged parts to generate a special-shaped residual material drawing.

[0048] It should be noted that the geometric information of the expanded excess line, including the endpoint coordinates of each line segment and the slope of the line segment, is obtained, and the equations or endpoint coordinates of each edge of the plate are also determined. A geometric algorithm is used to determine the intersection of the excess line and the plate edge, and the intersection point is determined. Based on the intersection point and the connection relationship between the line segments of the excess line itself, the expanded excess line and the plate edge are seamlessly connected to form a closed polygonal area.

[0049] For example, if an endpoint of the excess line coincides with a point on the edge of the plate, they are connected; if the excess line intersects the edge of the plate at a non-endpoint position, they are connected by adding a new connecting line segment to ensure the closure of the entire area.

[0050] Based on the position of the laid-out parts on the sheet, the system determines which sheet edges are redundant, outside the part layout range and unrelated to the residual stock area. This is done by traversing each sheet edge and using the outline data of the laid-out parts to determine if a sheet edge is redundant. For example, if all or part of a line segment on a sheet edge is not adjacent to the outline of any laid-out parts and is not within the boundaries of the residual stock area, then that line segment on that edge is considered redundant.

[0051] This embodiment uses a graphic clipping algorithm to remove excess sheet edges from the overall graphic data, retaining only the closed graphic consisting of the sheet edges and scrap lines related to the scrap area, thereby generating a special-shaped scrap drawing. During the clipping process, it is important to maintain the integrity of the graphic's topological structure to ensure the accuracy and usability of the clipped scrap drawing.

[0052] The automatic generation method based on special-shaped scraps involved in this application can display the actual shape and size of the scraps by generating special-shaped scrap drawings, so that in the subsequent production process, the scraps can be accurately applied to other suitable parts processing or product manufacturing, avoiding material waste due to unclear scrap shapes and improving the overall utilization rate of the plate.

[0053] The method of the present application generates a drawing of irregular-shaped scraps. Operators can quickly and accurately perform operations such as cutting, handling, and storage based on the shape and size information of the scraps on the drawing, thereby improving production efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0054] Furthermore, as a refinement and expansion of the specific implementation methods of the above-mentioned embodiment, in order to fully explain the specific implementation process in this embodiment, the automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste materials of this application is expanded below to further explain the specific implementation method of the automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste materials.

[0055] Methods, including: S1. According to the nesting results completed on the nesting software, calculate the position of the center of the part bounding box, and determine the nesting starting position and nesting direction by comparing the center of the part bounding box and the center of the plate, and then determine the concentrated position of the parts.

[0056] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, step S1 also includes: S1.1. Pre-process the graphics imported by the nesting software, convert them into parts, add plates and arrange them.

[0057] S1.1a. Open dxf or dwg files through the nesting software drawing interface, perform drawing optimization processing (such as removing duplicate lines, removing extremely small graphics, merging connected lines, layer mapping, etc.), and convert the processed graphics into parts.

[0058] S1.1b. Create a new nesting task in the nesting software and add plates.

[0059] S1.1c. Nest the imported parts according to the set nesting parameters.

[0060] S1.2, such as Figure 3 As shown, get the layout result after nesting is completed, get all the parts outline graphics on the plate, the parts outline graphics are as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0061] Among them, parts may have multi-layer nesting relationships. According to the converted part structure, in the automatic special-shaped residual material algorithm, only the outermost graphic contour information of the part is considered.

[0062] S1.3. Calculate the minimum rectangular bounding box of all parts in the view and parallel to the coordinate axes, that is, the bounding box.

[0063] S1.4. Convert the outline of the plate graphic into a surface and further calculate the centroid of the surface where the plate is located.

[0064] S1.5. Determine the relative position of the center of the part's bounding box and the centroid of the plate. Using the plate's centroid as the center, draw two horizontal and vertical lines, divided into four quadrants. Determine the part's position based on the quadrant in which the part's center is located.

[0065] S1.6a. If the horizontal and vertical positions of the part center are both smaller than the corresponding positions of the plate center, the part is concentrated in the third quadrant and the starting position of the layout is the lower left.

[0066] S1.6b. If the horizontal position of the part center is less than the horizontal position of the plate center, and the vertical position of the part center is greater than the vertical position of the plate center, then the parts are concentrated in the second quadrant and the starting position of the layout is the upper left.

[0067] S1.6c. If the horizontal position of the part center is greater than the horizontal position of the plate centroid, and the vertical position of the part center is less than the vertical position of the plate centroid, then the parts are concentrated in the fourth quadrant and the starting position of the layout is in the lower right.

[0068] S1.6d. If the horizontal and vertical positions of the part center are both greater than the corresponding positions of the plate center, the part center is in the first quadrant and the layout starting position is in the upper right.

[0069] S1.7. Determine the relative position of the maximum and minimum values ​​of the part bounding box and the centroid of the plate.

[0070] S1.8a. If the vertical position of the maximum value of the part bounding box is less than the vertical position of the plate centroid or the vertical position of the minimum value of the part bounding box is greater than the vertical position of the plate centroid, the nesting direction is horizontal.

[0071] S1.8b. If the ratio of the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the part bounding box in the horizontal direction to the horizontal position of the plate centroid is greater than the ratio of the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the part bounding box in the vertical direction to the vertical position of the plate centroid, the arrangement direction is horizontal.

[0072] S1.8c, otherwise the arrangement direction is vertical.

[0073] S2. Calculate the ray direction of the residual material line according to the concentrated position of the parts, extract the outer contours of each laid-out part on the plate, calculate the endpoint data of the contours as the points that the rays must pass through, and construct multiple rays.

[0074] The following combination Figure 5 The execution method of step S2 is further explained.

[0075] S2.1. Determine the relative position of the part bounding box and the centroid of the plate.

[0076] S2.2a. If the starting position is the lower left and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the ray direction is from top to bottom.

[0077] S2.2b. If the starting position is the lower left and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from right to left.

[0078] S2.2c. If the starting position is the upper left and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the ray direction is from bottom to top.

[0079] S2..2d. If the starting position is the upper left and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from right to left.

[0080] S2.2e. If the starting position is the upper right and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the ray direction is from bottom to top.

[0081] S2.2f. If the starting position is the upper right and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from left to right.

[0082] S2.2g. If the starting position is the lower right and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the ray direction is from top to bottom.

[0083] S2.2h. If the starting position is the lower right and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from left to right.

[0084] S2.3. Extract all edges of the outer contours of all parts on the view.

[0085] S2.4. Traverse all edges and determine the direction of the ray.

[0086] S2.5a. If the ray direction is from top to bottom or from left to right, multiply the horizontal coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of all edges by the preset scale factor and add them to the node list.

[0087] S2.5b. If the ray direction is from left to right or from right to left, multiply the vertical coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of all edges by the preset scale factor and add them to the node list;

[0088] S2.6. Sort all nodes in ascending order.

[0089] S2.7. Construct multiple rays based on the nodes and ray directions.

[0090] The value of the preset proportional coefficient involved in this embodiment can take into account the size of the parts. If the parts are large in size and the spacing is small, the proportional coefficient may need to be set smaller in order to more finely divide the residual material area.

[0091] For large plates, several meters long and wide, the scale factor can be set to 0.5 or 1. For irregularly shaped plates, the scale factor may need to be adjusted based on factors such as the ratio of the longest to shortest sides and the curvature. For plates with many curves, a smaller scale factor is recommended to better fit the plate edge and part contours.

[0092] S3. Calculate the first intersection point of all rays with the outer contour of the part in the view, and extract the remaining material contour line based on the intersection point.

[0093] like Figure 6 As shown, step S3 also includes: S3.1. Traverse all nodes, obtain the set of intersections between the ray where the current node is located and all edges, and record the edge index.

[0094] S3.2. Determine the direction of the ray.

[0095] S3.3a. If the ray direction is from top to bottom, sort them in descending order according to the size of the intersection point in the vertical direction.

[0096] S3.3b. If the direction of the ray is from bottom to top, sort them in ascending order according to the size of the intersection point in the vertical direction.

[0097] S3.3c. If the direction of the ray is from left to right, sort them in ascending order according to the size of the intersection point in the horizontal direction.

[0098] S3.3d. If the direction of the ray is from right to left, sort them in descending order according to the size of the intersection point in the horizontal direction.

[0099] S3.4. When it comes to the first node, record the starting node and ending node of the previous part edge as the current node and the next node.

[0100] S3.5. Starting from the second node, obtain the edge index of the second intersection after sorting all the intersections of the previous node, and record it as the edge index of the previous part edge.

[0101] S3.6. Obtain the previous part edge according to the edge index of the previous part edge.

[0102] S3.7. Determine whether the edge index of the second intersection point after all intersection points of the current node are sorted is the previous part edge.

[0103] S3.8a. If the node is the same as the previous part edge, skip the node.

[0104] S3.8b. If it is different from the previous part edge, continue executing.

[0105] S3.9. Calculate all intersections between the ray where the starting node of the previous part edge is located and the previous part edge and mark them as the starting intersection set.

[0106] S3.10. Calculate all intersections between the ray where the current node is located and the previous part edge, and mark them as the ending intersection set.

[0107] S3.11. Determine the direction of the ray; S3.12a. If the ray direction is from top to bottom, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in descending order according to their vertical size.

[0108] S3.12b. If the ray direction is from bottom to top, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in ascending order according to their vertical size.

[0109] S3.12c. If the ray direction is from left to right, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in ascending order according to their horizontal size.

[0110] S3.12d. If the ray direction is from right to left, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in descending order according to their horizontal size.

[0111] S3.13. If it is the first edge of the residual material line, add the connecting straight line of the point closest to the plate to the residual material graphic set.

[0112] S3.14. Add a connecting straight line from the end point of the previous part edge to the starting intersection point to make up for the outer contour line in the projection direction.

[0113] S3.15. Cut the edge between the starting and ending intersection points of the previous part edge and add it to the residual material graphic set as the residual material edge. The generated residual material line is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0114] S4. In order to avoid damaging the edge parts of the plate, such as Figure 8 As shown, add margins and expand the margin line according to the margin distance.

[0115] Further, if Figure 9 As shown, step S4 also includes: S4.1. All graphics in the residual material graphic set are merged with connected lines according to the preset merge connected line accuracy to obtain a result set of residual material lines.

[0116] S4.2. Remove extremely small graphics from the residual line result set.

[0117] S4.3. Combine the residual material line result set into a residual material curve graph.

[0118] S4.4. In order to avoid damaging the edge parts of the plate, consider leaving a margin for the plate and expand the excess material curve to obtain the offset excess material line.

[0119] The specific steps of merging all the graphics in the residual graphics set into one residual line by merging connected lines according to a preset merged connected line accuracy include: Break up the graph completely, get all the edges of the graph, and get the original edge set.

[0120] Combine each edge into a new data structure entity, including the starting point, end point, graph information, original edge set index, etc.

[0121] Take the first edge entity as the base entity and add it to the connected line result set; Iterate over all unprocessed base entities and process the data backwards.

[0122] According to the data structure of the first edge, find all edges whose distance from the end point of the current edge is less than the precision of the merged connected lines, and obtain the result set.

[0123] Determine the number of result sets.

[0124] If the quantity is 0, no processing is done.

[0125] If the quantity is 1, the result is used as the base entity and added to the connected line result set.

[0126] If the number is greater than 1, according to the distance priority principle, find the result closest to the current result, use the result as the basic entity and add it to the connection line result set.

[0127] After the basic entity is processed, if there are still unprocessed entities, clear the basic entity collection.

[0128] Use the first edge entity as the base entity.

[0129] Iterate over all unprocessed base entities, processing data forward.

[0130] According to the data structure of the first edge, find all edges whose distance from the starting point of the current edge is less than the precision of the merged connected lines, and obtain the result set.

[0131] Determine the number of result sets.

[0132] If the quantity is 0, no processing is done.

[0133] If the quantity is 1, the result is used as the base entity and added to the connected line result set.

[0134] If the number is greater than 1, according to the distance priority principle, find the result closest to the current result, use the result as the basic entity and add it to the connection line result set.

[0135] The data in the connected line result set is used as the result set of merging connected lines.

[0136] S5, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the expanded residual material line is combined with each edge of the plate, and the excess plate edges are cut off according to the position of the arranged parts to generate a special-shaped residual material drawing.

[0137] Further, if Figure 12 As shown, step S5 further includes: S5.1. Intersect the plate pattern and the offset residual material line pattern to obtain an intersection point; S5.2. Convert the plate graphics into a surface; S5.3. Decompose the residual material shape into edges; S5.4. Find the index set of the remaining edges corresponding to the intersection point; S5.5. Traverse the remaining edges at the intersection, split the remaining edges according to the intersection, and delete the original edges; S5.6, traverse the remaining edges after segmentation; S5.7. Determine whether the midpoint of the divided edge is within the plate; S5.8a. If on the outside of the board, do not treat; S5.8b, if it is inside the plate, add a new set of residual edges; S5.9. Traverse the edges of the plate where the intersection is located, split the plate edges according to the intersection, and delete the original edges; S5.10, traverse the edges of the split plate; S5.11. Determine whether the segmented edge is on the remaining material side of the remaining material direction; S5.12a, if it is not on the residual material side, do not process; S5.13b, if on the side of the remaining material, add a new set of plate edges; S5.14. Merge the new scrap edge set and the plate edge set to generate a scrap drawing.

[0138] It should be understood that the order of execution of the steps in the above embodiments does not necessarily mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0139] The following is an embodiment of the automatic generation system based on special-shaped waste materials provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. This system and the automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste materials in the above-mentioned embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. For details not fully described in the embodiment of the automatic generation system based on special-shaped waste materials, please refer to the embodiment of the automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste materials.

[0140] The system includes: The part positioning module is used to calculate the center of the part bounding box based on the preset layout results. It also determines the starting position and direction of the layout by comparing the center of the part bounding box with the center of the plate, and then determines the concentrated position of the parts. The ray construction module is used to extract the outer contours of each laid-out part on the sheet according to the residual material line ray direction obtained from the concentrated position of the parts, and calculate the endpoint data of the contour as the points that the ray must pass through, thereby constructing multiple rays; The residual material line extraction module is used to calculate the first intersection point of all rays with the outer contour of the part in the view, and extract the residual material contour line based on the intersection point; The excess material line expansion module is used to add excess material margins and expand the excess material line according to the margin distance; The residual material drawing acquisition module is used to combine the expanded residual material line with the edges of the plate, and cut off the excess plate edges according to the positions of the arranged parts to generate special-shaped residual material drawings.

[0141] The present application also provides a device for deploying nesting software, comprising: at least one database; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one database; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one database, and the instructions are executed by the at least one database to enable the at least one database to execute the method of automatically generating special-shaped waste materials using the nesting software.

[0142] In embodiments of the present invention, devices on which the nesting software is deployed include, but are not limited to, laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. Electronic devices may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the embodiments of the present application described and / or claimed herein.

[0143] The storage medium provided in this application stores a program product capable of implementing the methods described above in this specification. In some possible implementations, various aspects of this disclosure may also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code. When the program product is executed on a terminal device, the program code is used to cause the terminal device to perform the steps described in the "Exemplary Methods" section above according to various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.

[0144] The storage medium can be any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or component, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0145] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste material, characterized in that: Methods include: S101: Based on the preset layout result, the position of the center of the part bounding box is calculated, and the layout starting position and layout direction are determined by comparing the center of the part bounding box with the centroid of the plate, thereby determining the concentrated position of the parts; S102: extracting the outer contours of each laid-out part on the plate according to the residual material line ray direction obtained from the concentrated position of the parts, calculating the endpoint data of the contours as the points that the rays must pass through, and constructing multiple rays; S103: Calculate the first intersection point of all rays with the outer contour of the part in the view, and extract the remaining material contour line according to the intersection point; S104: adding a margin for the remaining material, and expanding the remaining material line outward according to the margin distance; S105: Combine the expanded excess material line with each edge of the plate, and cut off the excess plate edge according to the arranged parts position to generate a special-shaped excess material drawing.

2. The automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S101 also includes: Pre-process the plate graphics to convert them into parts, add plates and lay out samples; Obtain the layout results after nesting is completed and obtain the outer contour graphics of all parts on the plate; Extract all parts in the view and match them to the minimum rectangular bounding box parallel to the coordinate axis, that is, the part bounding box; Convert the contour of the plate graphic into a surface, and extract the centroid of the surface where the plate graphic is located; Determine the relative position of the center of the part bounding box and the center of the plate; If the horizontal and vertical positions of the center of the part are both smaller than the corresponding positions of the center of the plate, the starting position of the layout is the lower left; If the horizontal position of the part center is smaller than the horizontal position of the plate center, and the vertical position of the part center is larger than the vertical position of the plate center, the starting position of the layout is the upper left; If the horizontal position of the part center is greater than the horizontal position of the plate center, and the vertical position of the part center is less than the vertical position of the plate center, the starting position of the nesting is the lower right; If the horizontal position and vertical position of the part center are both greater than the corresponding position of the plate center, the layout starting position is the upper right; Determine the relative position of the part bounding box and the plate centroid; If the horizontal position of the maximum value of the part bounding box is smaller than the horizontal position of the plate centroid or the horizontal position of the minimum value of the part bounding box is larger than the horizontal position of the plate centroid, the arrangement direction is vertical; If the vertical position of the maximum value of the part bounding box is smaller than the vertical position of the plate centroid or the vertical position of the minimum value of the part bounding box is larger than the vertical position of the plate centroid, the layout direction is horizontal; If the ratio of the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the part bounding box in the horizontal direction to the horizontal position of the plate centroid is greater than the ratio of the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the part bounding box in the vertical direction to the vertical position of the plate centroid, the arrangement direction is horizontal; Otherwise, the arrangement direction is vertical.

3. The automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S102 also includes: Determine the relative position of the part bounding box and the plate centroid; If the starting position is the lower left and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the direction of the ray is from top to bottom. If the starting position is the lower left and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from right to left; If the starting position is the upper left and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the ray direction is from bottom to top. If the starting position is the upper left and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from right to left; If the starting position is the upper right and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the ray direction is from bottom to top. If the starting position is the upper right and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from left to right; If the starting position is the lower right and the arrangement direction is horizontal, the direction of the ray is from top to bottom. If the starting position is the lower right and the arrangement direction is vertical, the ray direction is from left to right; Extract all edges of the outer contours of all parts on the view; Traverse all edges and determine the direction of the ray; If the ray direction is from top to bottom or from left to right, multiply the horizontal coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of all edges by the preset scale factor and add them to the node list; If the ray direction is from left to right or from right to left, multiply the vertical coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of all edges by the preset scale factor and add them to the node list; Sort all nodes in ascending order; Constructs multiple rays based on nodes and ray directions.

4. The automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S103 also includes: Traverse all nodes; Get the intersection set of the ray where the current node is located and all edges, and record the edge index; Determine the direction of the ray; If the direction of the ray is from top to bottom, they are sorted in descending order according to the size of the intersection in the vertical direction; If the direction of the ray is from bottom to top, they are sorted in ascending order according to the size of the intersection point in the vertical direction; If the direction of the ray is from left to right, the intersection points are sorted in ascending order according to their horizontal size; If the direction of the ray is from right to left, the intersection points are sorted in descending order according to their horizontal size; At the first node, record the starting node and ending node of the previous part edge as the current node and the next node; Starting from the second node, get the edge index of the second intersection after sorting all the intersections of the previous node, and record it as the edge index of the previous part edge; Get the previous part edge according to the edge index of the previous part edge; Determine whether the edge index of the second intersection point after all intersection points of the current node are sorted is the previous part edge; If it is the same as the previous part edge, skip the node; If it is different from the previous part edge, continue to execute; Calculate all the intersections between the ray where the starting node of the previous part edge is located and the previous part edge and mark them as the starting intersection set; Calculate all the intersections between the ray where the current node is located and the previous part edge, and mark them as the terminal intersection set; Determine the direction of the ray; If the ray direction is from top to bottom, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in descending order according to the size in the vertical direction; If the ray direction is from bottom to top, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in ascending order according to the size in the vertical direction; If the ray direction is from left to right, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in ascending order according to the size in the horizontal direction; If the ray direction is from right to left, the starting intersection point set and the ending intersection point set are sorted in descending order according to the size in the horizontal direction; If it is the first edge of the residual material line, add the connecting straight line of the point closest to the plate to the residual material graphic set; Add a connecting line from the end point of the previous part edge to the starting intersection point to make up for the outer contour line in the projection direction; Cut the edge between the starting intersection and the ending intersection of the previous part edge and add it to the residual material graphic set as the residual material edge.

5. The automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S104 also includes: All graphics in the residual material graphics set are merged and connected according to the preset merged connected line precision information to obtain a residual material line result set; Remove extremely small graphics from the residual line result set; Combine the residual material line result set into a residual material curve graph; The residual material curve is expanded to obtain the offset residual material line.

6. The automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste material according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step of merging all the graphics in the residual material graphics set according to the preset merged connected lines to obtain a residual material line result set also includes: Break up all the graphs, get all the edges of the graph, and get the original edge set; Combine each edge into a new data structure entity, including the edge's start point, end point, graph information, and original edge set index; Take the first edge entity as the base entity and add it to the connected line result set; Traverse all unprocessed basic entities and process the data backwards; According to the data structure of the first edge, find all edges whose distance from the end point of the current edge is less than the precision of the merged connected line, and obtain the result set; Determine the number of result sets; If the quantity is 0, no processing is done; If the quantity is 1, the result is taken as the basic entity and added to the connected line result set; If the number is greater than 1, according to the distance priority principle, find the result closest to the current result, take the result as the basic entity and add it to the connection line result set; After the basic entity is processed, if there are still unprocessed entities, clear the basic entity collection; Take the first edge entity as the base entity; Traverse all unprocessed basic entities and process data forward; According to the data structure of the first edge, find all edges whose distance from the starting point of the current edge is less than the precision of the merged connected line, and obtain the result set; Determine the number of result sets; If the quantity is 0, no processing is done; If the quantity is 1, the result is taken as the basic entity and added to the connected line result set; If the number is greater than 1, according to the distance priority principle, find the result closest to the current result, take the result as the basic entity and add it to the connection line result set; The data in the connected line result set is used as the result set of merging connected lines.

7. The automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S105 also includes: The plate pattern and the offset residual material line pattern are intersected to obtain the intersection point; Convert the plate graphics into surfaces; Decompose the remaining material shape into edges; Find the index set of the remaining edges corresponding to the intersection point; Traverse the remaining edges at the intersection, split the remaining edges according to the intersection, and delete the original edges; Traverse the remaining edges after segmentation; Determine whether the midpoint of the edge after segmentation is within the plate; If it is on the outside of the board, it is not treated; If it is inside the plate, a new set of excess edges is added; Traverse the edges of the board where the intersection is located, split the edges of the board according to the intersection, and delete the original edges; Traverse the edges of the split plate; Determine whether the segmented edge is on the residual material side of the residual material direction; If it is not on the residual material side, it will not be processed; If it is on the side of the remaining material, add a new set of plate edges; Merge the new scrap edge set and the plate edge set to generate a scrap drawing.

8. An automatic generation system based on special-shaped waste materials, characterized in that: The system is used to implement the automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; the system includes: The part positioning module is used to preset the layout results, calculate the position of the center of the part bounding box, and determine the layout starting position and layout direction by comparing the center of the part bounding box and the center of the plate material, and then determine the concentrated position of the parts; The ray construction module is used to extract the outer contours of each laid-out part on the plate according to the residual material line ray direction obtained from the concentrated position of the parts, and calculate the endpoint data of the contour as the point that the ray must pass through, so as to construct multiple rays; The residual material line extraction module is used to calculate the first intersection point of all rays with the outer contour of the part in the view, and extract the residual material contour line based on the intersection point; The excess material line expansion module is used to add excess material margins and expand the excess material line according to the margin distance; The residual material drawing acquisition module is used to combine the expanded residual material line with the edges of the plate, and cut off the excess plate edges according to the arranged parts position to generate special-shaped residual material drawings.

9. A device for deploying nesting software, characterized in that: include: at least one database; And a memory communicatively connected to the at least one database; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one database, and the instructions are executed by the at least one database so that the at least one database can execute the method for automatically generating special-shaped waste materials by the nesting software as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the automatic generation method based on special-shaped waste materials as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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