Heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a primary-side inlet flow distribution structure for a heat exchanger, used to introduce a medium into the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger and a molten salt pump assembly are connected via an inlet nozzle. The primary-side inlet flow distribution structure includes a first distribution section encircling the outer shell of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is disposed on the side of the molten salt pump assembly. The first distribution section has a distribution annular cavity, and each heat exchange tube within the heat exchanger is connected to the distribution annular cavity. The primary-side inlet flow distribution structure also includes a second distribution section disposed within the heat exchange tube. The second distribution section is used to equalize the flow rate of the medium flowing into the middle region of the heat exchange tube with the flow rate of the medium near the tube wall. In addition to the first distribution section performing a first uniform flow distribution of the primary-side medium, the second distribution section is additionally provided to further uniformly distribute the primary-side medium that has uniformly entered the heat exchange tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of molten salt driven heat exchange, and particularly to a primary side inlet flow distribution structure for a heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] A molten salt reactor is an advanced fourth-generation nuclear reactor type. Its molten salt loop system is responsible for supplying liquid fuel and transferring nuclear fission energy (thermal energy) to the reactor cycle. The molten salt reactor loop system consists of heat exchangers, molten salt pumps, and piping. The heat exchangers can employ shell-and-tube, U-tube, or coiled-tube heat exchange core structures, offering high reliability. The heat exchange core is connected to the upper inlet water chamber via a heat exchange tube sheet. Molten salt pumps are typically located separately from the heat exchangers and connected to the inlet water chamber via piping. When the molten salt pumps input heat energy into the heat exchanger, uneven heat transfer can easily occur as the medium is transferred between the heat exchange tubes within the heat exchanger core. This is because the heat exchange cores, located at the bottom of the heat exchanger, are evenly distributed throughout the heat exchanger, while the flow of molten salt into the upper inlet water chamber is complex, resulting in poor flow uniformity among the heat exchange cores and affecting heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of uneven heat transfer and poor heat exchange efficiency in the prior art, and to provide a primary side inlet flow distribution structure for a heat exchanger.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0005] A primary-side inlet flow distribution structure for a heat exchanger is disclosed. This structure is used to introduce a medium into the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is connected to a molten salt pump assembly via an inlet nozzle. The primary-side inlet flow distribution structure includes a first distribution section encircling the outer shell of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is located on the side of the molten salt pump assembly. The first distribution section has a distribution annular cavity, and each heat exchange tube within the heat exchanger is connected to the distribution annular cavity. The primary-side inlet flow distribution structure also includes a second distribution section located within the heat exchange tube. The second distribution section is used to equalize the flow rate of the medium flowing into the middle region of the heat exchange tube with the flow rate of the medium near the tube wall.

[0006] In this design, by placing the heat exchanger on the side of the molten salt pump assembly, the direction of the primary medium flowing into the heat exchanger from the molten salt pump assembly is changed. This allows it to cooperate with the distribution ring cavity of the first distribution section, uniformly guiding the primary medium into the heat exchange tubes at different locations, improving the uniformity of heat transfer and enhancing the heat exchanger's efficiency. Furthermore, in addition to the first distribution section's initial uniform distribution of the primary medium, a second distribution section is also provided to further uniformly distribute the primary medium entering the heat exchanger. This prevents the primary medium entering the heat exchanger from concentrating at the tube walls due to lower flow resistance, resulting in lower flow rates and uneven heat transfer in the central area of ​​the heat exchange tubes. The cooperation between the first and second distribution sections ensures more uniform heat transfer and improved heat exchange efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, the heat exchange tube has a secondary flow tube, and the medium flowing into the heat exchange tube from the distribution annulus fills the space between the wall of the secondary flow tube and the wall of the heat exchange tube. The second distribution part includes a flow distribution plate, and a second flow distribution hole is formed on the flow distribution plate. The secondary flow tube passes through the second flow distribution hole, and the size of the second flow distribution hole near the wall of the heat exchange tube is smaller than the size of the second flow distribution hole near the middle region of the heat exchange tube.

[0008] In this scheme, the above settings are used to achieve uniform distribution of the primary medium in the heat exchange tube between the tube wall of the secondary flow tube and the tube wall of the heat exchange tube, thereby achieving uniform heat transfer.

[0009] Preferably, the first distribution section has multiple sets of first flow distribution holes, and the multiple sets of first flow distribution holes are arranged corresponding to the heat exchange tube. Along the height direction of the heat exchange tube, the connection between the first flow distribution hole and the heat exchange tube is located above the flow distribution plate.

[0010] In this scheme, the above-mentioned settings ensure that the primary medium entering the heat exchange tube is located above the flow distribution plate, preventing uneven flow and heat transfer caused by the primary medium not passing through the flow distribution plate and instead undergoing heat transfer within the heat exchange tube.

[0011] Preferably, the number of groups of the first flow distribution holes ranges from 8 to 36.

[0012] In this scheme, the above settings are used to ensure that the flow rates of the primary-side medium entering each heat exchanger tube are equal.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the first flow distribution holes in each group is 2-6.

[0014] In this scheme, the above settings ensure that the flow rate of the primary side medium entering the heat exchange tube at the same time meets the heat transfer and heat exchange requirements, that is, ensures the heat exchange efficiency.

[0015] Preferably, multiple first flow distribution holes in each group are arranged sequentially along the height direction of the heat exchange tube, and each group of first flow distribution holes is located within the distribution ring cavity.

[0016] In this scheme, the above settings make the space occupied by each group of first flow distribution holes in the distribution ring cavity smaller, avoiding the problem that a large number of groups would cause the distance between each group of first flow distribution holes to be too close, which would increase the distribution difficulty when the primary side medium flows in from the distribution ring cavity.

[0017] Preferably, there is a gap between the outer shell of the heat exchanger and the heat exchange tube, the gap extending from the connection between the distribution ring cavity and the heat exchange tube to the outlet of the heat exchange tube. The primary side inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger further includes a first throttling part, which is disposed in the gap and is correspondingly disposed below the connection between the distribution ring cavity and the heat exchange tube.

[0018] In this scheme, the above settings are used to prevent a large amount of primary medium from leaking out from the circumferential gap of the heat exchanger when it flows into the heat exchange tube, thereby ensuring sufficient flow of the primary medium.

[0019] Preferably, the heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure further includes a second throttling section, which is disposed within the gap and is correspondingly disposed above the outlet of the heat exchange tube.

[0020] In this scheme, the above settings are used to prevent the primary medium from flowing into the gap when it exits the heat exchange tube and repeatedly transferring heat to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, thus avoiding uneven heat exchange.

[0021] Preferably, both the first throttling section and the second throttling section are throttling retaining rings.

[0022] In this solution, the above settings are used to effectively seal the gap.

[0023] Preferably, the inlet nozzle is connected to the heat exchanger through the distribution ring cavity, and the cross-section of the distribution ring cavity is a semi-circular structure.

[0024] In this scheme, the above settings are used to ensure the uniformity of the flow of the primary medium within the distribution ring cavity.

[0025] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows: By placing the heat exchanger on the side of the molten salt pump assembly, it can cooperate with the distribution ring cavity of the first distribution section to uniformly introduce the primary side medium into the heat exchange tubes at different locations, improving the uniformity of flow and heat transfer, and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. Furthermore, in addition to the first distribution section performing the initial uniform distribution of the primary side medium, a second distribution section is additionally provided to further uniformly distribute the primary side medium entering the heat exchange tubes, preventing the primary side medium entering the heat exchanger from concentrating at the tube wall due to lower flow resistance, resulting in lower flow rate and uneven heat transfer in the middle region of the heat exchange tubes. Through the cooperation of the first and second distribution sections, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is fully guaranteed to be improved, and the heat transfer is more uniform, eliminating the need for secondary heat exchange. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the molten salt pump assembly and heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat exchange tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 CC section view;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a flow rate histogram of the first flow distribution orifice according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the image;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part B in the image;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second distribution section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 1 DD sectional view;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a flow rate histogram of a heat exchange component according to an example of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] Heat exchanger 100

[0038] Casing 101

[0039] Heat exchanger tube 102

[0040] Export 1021

[0041] Secondary side flow tube 103

[0042] Molten salt pump assembly 200

[0043] Imported nozzle 300

[0044] First Distribution Department 10

[0045] Distribution ring cavity 11

[0046] First flow distribution orifice 111

[0047] Second Distribution Department 20

[0048] Flow distribution board 21

[0049] Second flow distribution orifice 211

[0050] Gap 30

[0051] First throttling section 40

[0052] Second throttling section 50 Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0054] This embodiment provides a primary-side inlet flow distribution structure for a heat exchanger, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the primary side inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger is used to introduce the medium into the heat exchanger 100. The heat exchanger 100 is connected to the molten salt pump assembly 200 through the inlet nozzle 300. The primary side inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger includes a first distribution part 10, which is arranged around the outer shell 101 of the heat exchanger 100. The heat exchanger 100 is located on the side of the molten salt pump assembly 200. The first distribution part 10 has a distribution ring cavity 11, and each heat exchange tube 102 in the heat exchanger 100 is connected to the distribution ring cavity 11. The primary side inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger also includes a second distribution part 20, which is arranged inside the heat exchange tube 102. The second distribution part 20 is used to make the flow rate of the medium flowing into the middle region of the heat exchange tube 102 equal to that of the medium near the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 102.

[0055] Specifically, the heat exchanger 100 is located on the side of the molten salt pump assembly 200. Compared to the molten salt pump assembly 200 being located above the heat exchanger 100, this frees up space above the heat exchanger 100, allowing for the detachable maintenance of the internal structure of the heat exchanger 100, such as the heat exchange tube 102. This enables in-service inspection, maintenance, and replacement of the heat exchange tube 102. Furthermore, the heat exchange tube 102 and the outer casing 101 are detachably connected using the space above the outer casing 101. This changes the direction of the primary medium flowing into the heat exchanger 100 from the top of the heat exchanger 100 to the side. In this embodiment, the medium is the primary medium flowing into the heat exchanger 100 from the molten salt pump assembly 200. This primary medium has a higher temperature and, after entering the heat exchange tube 102, contacts and exchanges heat with the internal structure of the heat exchange tube 102, also known as heat transfer.

[0056] In this embodiment, a first distribution section 10 is provided around the outer periphery of the outer casing 101. The first distribution section 10 is used to evenly distribute the primary side medium flowing in from the side to each heat exchange tube 102 to ensure that the flow rate into each heat exchange tube 102 is equal. The first distribution section 10 has a distribution ring cavity 11. Each heat exchange tube 102 is located at a different position inside the outer casing 101 and is connected to the distribution ring cavity 11. After the primary side medium flowing in from the molten salt pump assembly 200 flows into the distribution ring cavity 11, it flows evenly into each heat exchange tube 102 through the distribution ring cavity 11, thereby achieving uniformity of heat transfer and heat exchange and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 100.

[0057] Furthermore, in this embodiment, in addition to the first distribution section 10 performing the first uniform diversion of the primary side medium, a second distribution section 20 is additionally provided. The second distribution section 20 is located inside the heat exchange tube 102. After the primary side medium is uniformly diverted by the first distribution section 10, it flows into the heat exchange tube 102. Since there is a certain space inside the heat exchange tube 102, there is a difference in the flow velocity of the primary side medium near the tube wall and near the middle of the heat exchange tube 102. It can be understood that, except for the middle region and the middle region, the flow velocity of the primary side medium inside the heat exchange tube 102 is different. In addition to the tube wall region, there is a peripheral region near the tube wall, located between the tube wall region and the intermediate region. The additionally provided second distribution section 20 can further distribute the primary-side medium entering the heat exchange tube 102 evenly, ensuring that the primary-side medium flow rate is equal in the tube wall region, peripheral region, and intermediate region. This prevents the primary-side medium from concentrating at the tube wall due to flow resistance differences, resulting in a lower flow rate in the intermediate region of the heat exchange tube 102 and uneven heat transfer. Through the cooperation of the first distribution section 10 and the second distribution section 20, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 100 is significantly improved, and the heat exchange is more uniform.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 102 has a secondary flow tube 103. The medium flowing into the heat exchange tube 102 from the distribution annular cavity 11 fills the space between the tube wall of the secondary flow tube 103 and the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 102. The second distribution part 20 includes a flow distribution plate 21. A second flow distribution hole 211 is provided on the flow distribution plate 21. The secondary flow tube 103 passes through the second flow distribution hole 211. The size of the second flow distribution hole 211 near the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 102 is smaller than the size of the second flow distribution hole 211 near the middle region of the heat exchange tube 102.

[0059] Specifically, the flow distribution plate 21 is filled in the heat exchange tube 102 in the radial direction. The secondary flow tube 103 in the heat exchange tube 102 is used to flow the medium to be heat exchanged. When the primary medium flows into the heat exchange tube 102, it fills the space between the tube wall of the secondary flow tube 103 and the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 102, so as to realize the heat transfer of the medium in the secondary flow tube 103, i.e., heat exchange. The flow distribution plate 21 has multiple second flow distribution holes 211. The secondary flow pipe 103 passes through these second flow distribution holes 211. These holes further distribute the primary medium flowing into the heat exchange tube 102 evenly. The size of the second flow distribution hole 211 near the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 102 is smaller than that near the middle region of the heat exchange tube 102. This addresses the issue of the primary medium velocity near the tube wall being higher than that near the middle region of the heat exchange tube 102, thus resolving the uneven flow velocity and flow rate at different locations within the heat exchange tube 102. This achieves uniform distribution of the primary medium within the heat exchange tube 102 between the walls of the secondary flow pipe 103 and the heat exchange tube 102, resulting in uniform heat transfer.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first distribution section 10 has multiple sets of first flow distribution holes 111. Along the height direction of the heat exchange tube 102, the connection between the first flow distribution holes 111 and the heat exchange tube 102 is located above the flow distribution plate 21.

[0061] Specifically, multiple sets of first flow distribution holes 111 are arranged around the outer casing 101. The first flow distribution holes 111 are respectively connected to the heat exchange tubes 102, and the connection is located above the flow distribution plate 21, so that when the primary side medium enters the heat exchange tubes 102, it is always located above the flow distribution plate 21, and is evenly distributed again through the flow distribution plate 21, preventing the primary side medium from undergoing heat transfer in the heat exchange tubes 102 without passing through the flow distribution plate 21, which would cause uneven flow and heat transfer.

[0062] Furthermore, the number of multiple sets of first flow distribution holes 111 ranges from 8 to 36.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of groups of first flow distribution holes 111 is 16, but this is not a limitation. Similarly, the number of heat exchange tubes 102 is 19, and this is also not a limitation. By setting the first distribution section 10, the flow rate of the primary side medium flowing out of the 16 groups of first flow distribution holes 111 tends to be the same after the first uniform flow distribution, that is, the first uniform flow distribution is achieved. By setting the second distribution section 20, the flow rate flowing into each position of the heat exchange tube 102 from the first flow distribution holes 111 tends to be the same, that is, the second uniform flow distribution is achieved. Through the cooperation of the first distribution section 10 and the second distribution section 20, the primary side medium undergoes two uniform flow distributions, thereby making the flow rate of the primary side medium entering each heat exchange tube 102 equal, and the flow rate at each position in the heat exchange tube 102 equal, thus achieving uniform heat exchange with the secondary flow tube 103.

[0064] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, 19 heat exchange tubes are arranged below the second distribution section 20 along the height direction of the heat exchanger 100. The heat exchange tubes 102 located below the second distribution section 20 have heat exchange components. The flow rate of the primary medium is evenly distributed by the first distribution section 10 and the second distribution section 20, so that the flow rate of the primary medium flowing through the second distribution section 20 and entering the 19 heat exchange tubes 102 below the second distribution section 20 tends to be consistent.

[0065] It should be noted that the heat exchange tube 102 located on the axis of the heat exchanger 100, because it not only performs heat exchange but also has a secondary medium inlet pipe at its center, has limited internal space. Therefore, the number of heat exchange components in the heat exchange tube 102 located on the axis of the heat exchanger 102 is less than that in other heat exchange tubes 102. Figure 10 The flow rate is lower than that in other heat exchange tubes 102, which is not due to uneven flow of the primary medium after passing through the first distribution section 10 and the second distribution section 20.

[0066] In this embodiment, the number of first flow distribution holes 111 in each group is 2-6.

[0067] Specifically, from a cross-sectional perspective, each group of first flow distribution holes 111 is arranged sequentially at intervals along the height direction of the outer shell 101. This embodiment describes the number of first flow distribution holes 111 in each group as four, but this is not a limitation. All four first flow distribution holes 111 in each group are connected to the distribution ring cavity 11, so that the space occupied by each group of first flow distribution holes 111 in the distribution ring cavity 11 is smaller, avoiding the situation where the distance between each group of first flow distribution holes 111 is too close due to a large number of groups, which would affect the complexity of the flow distribution of the primary side medium. At the same time, it also ensures that the flow rate of the primary side medium entering the heat exchange tube 102 at the same time meets the heat transfer and heat exchange requirements, that is, ensures heat exchange efficiency.

[0068] It is understandable that the height direction of the outer shell 101 is the same as the height direction along the heat exchange tube 102, and the height of the flow distribution plate 21 along the height direction of the outer shell 101 is lower than the height of the lowest first flow distribution hole 111 among the four first flow distribution holes 111.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, there is a gap 30 between the outer shell 101 of the heat exchanger 100 and the heat exchange tube 102. The gap 30 extends from the connection between the distribution annular cavity 11 and the heat exchange tube 102 to the outlet 1021 of the heat exchange tube 102. The primary side inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger also includes a first throttling part 40. The first throttling part 40 is disposed in the gap 30 and is correspondingly disposed below the connection between the distribution annular cavity 11 and the heat exchange tube 102.

[0070] Specifically, the distribution annular cavity 11 is disposed on the outer shell 101, and similarly, the first flow distribution hole 111 is also disposed on the outer shell 101. The heat exchange tube 102 is located inside the outer shell 101, and a gap is formed between the heat exchange tube 102 and the outer shell 101. The primary side medium flowing into the heat exchange tube 102 through the first flow distribution hole 111 must pass through the gap 30. To prevent a large amount of primary side medium from flowing into the gap 30 instead of the heat exchange tube 102 after the first uniform flow distribution, or to prevent most of the primary side medium from flowing into the gap 30 and only a small portion of the primary side medium from flowing into the heat exchange tube 102, this embodiment provides a first throttling section 40 below the gap 30 corresponding to the connection between the distribution annular cavity 11 and the heat exchange tube 102, to block the gap 30 and prevent the primary side medium from leaking out after the first uniform flow distribution, thereby ensuring sufficient flow of the primary side medium entering the heat exchange tube 102.

[0071] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the primary side inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger further includes a second throttling section 50, which is disposed within the gap 30 and is correspondingly disposed above the outlet 1021 of the heat exchange tube 102.

[0072] It is understandable that the gap 30 extends from the connection between the distribution annular cavity 11 and the heat exchange tube 102 to the outlet 1021 of the heat exchange tube 102. The outlet 1021 is located below the second throttling section 50. The outlet 1021 is used to discharge the primary side medium after heat exchange in the heat exchange tube 102. The temperature of the primary side medium after heat exchange is lower than that of the primary side medium undergoing heat exchange in the heat exchange tube 102. By setting the second throttling section 50 above the outlet 1021, it is prevented that the primary side medium with a temperature lower than that undergoing heat exchange will rush into the gap 30 and contact the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 102. This avoids the primary side medium flowing out of the heat exchange tube 102 and flowing into the gap 30, thus preventing repeated heat transfer to the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 102 and avoiding uneven heat exchange.

[0073] In this embodiment, both the first throttling section 40 and the second throttling section 50 are throttling baffle rings. The throttling baffle ring is an annular structure that fills the gap 30. The throttling baffle ring is a structure used in the prior art to reduce leakage of the flowing medium, so as to minimize leakage in the gap 30 through the throttling baffle ring.

[0074] Of course, in other embodiments, the first throttling section 40 and the second throttling section 50 may also be other high-temperature resistant sealing structures in the prior art, which will not be elaborated on here.

[0075] In this embodiment, the inlet nozzle 300 is connected to the heat exchanger 100 through the distribution annular cavity 11, and the cross-section of the distribution annular cavity 11 is a semi-circular structure.

[0076] Specifically, in cross-section, the distribution ring cavity 11 has a semi-circular structure and is fastened to the outer shell 101. The two ends of the inlet nozzle 300 are connected to the distribution ring cavity 11 and the molten salt pump assembly 200, respectively, so as to introduce the primary side medium into the distribution ring cavity 11 for the first uniform flow distribution, so that the primary side medium in the distribution ring cavity 11 can flow around the annular cavity through various positions, ensuring the circumferential flow uniformity of the primary side medium when it enters the heat exchanger outer shell 101.

[0077] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A primary-side inlet flow distribution structure for a heat exchanger, wherein the primary-side inlet flow distribution structure is used to introduce a medium into the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is connected to a molten salt pump assembly via an inlet nozzle, characterized in that, The primary inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger includes a first distribution section, which is arranged around the outer shell of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is located on the side of the molten salt pump assembly. The first distribution section has a distribution ring cavity, and each heat exchange tube in the heat exchanger is connected to the distribution ring cavity. The primary inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger also includes a second distribution section, which is located inside the heat exchange tube. The second distribution section is used to make the flow rate of the medium flowing into the middle region of the heat exchange tube equal to that of the medium near the tube wall.

2. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange tube has a secondary flow tube inside. The medium flowing into the heat exchange tube from the distribution annulus fills the space between the wall of the secondary flow tube and the wall of the heat exchange tube. The second distribution part includes a flow distribution plate with a second flow distribution hole. The secondary flow tube passes through the second flow distribution hole. The size of the second flow distribution hole near the wall of the heat exchange tube is smaller than the size of the second flow distribution hole near the middle region of the heat exchange tube.

3. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first distribution section has multiple sets of first flow distribution holes, and the multiple sets of first flow distribution holes are arranged corresponding to the heat exchange tube. Along the height direction of the heat exchange tube, the connection between the first flow distribution hole and the heat exchange tube is located above the flow distribution plate.

4. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The number of groups of the first flow distribution holes ranges from 8 to 36.

5. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the first flow distribution holes in each group is 2-6.

6. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple first flow distribution holes in each group are arranged sequentially along the height direction of the heat exchange tube, and each group of first flow distribution holes is located within the distribution ring cavity.

7. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, There is a gap between the outer shell of the heat exchanger and the heat exchange tube. The gap extends from the connection between the distribution ring cavity and the heat exchange tube to the outlet of the heat exchange tube. The primary side inlet flow distribution structure of the heat exchanger also includes a first throttling part. The first throttling part is disposed in the gap and is correspondingly disposed below the connection between the distribution ring cavity and the heat exchange tube.

8. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure further includes a second throttling section, which is disposed within the gap and is correspondingly disposed above the outlet of the heat exchange tube.

9. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Both the first throttling section and the second throttling section are throttling retaining rings.

10. The heat exchanger primary side inlet flow distribution structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet nozzle is connected to the heat exchanger through the distribution ring cavity, and the cross-section of the distribution ring cavity is a semi-circular structure.

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