Machining method for cutting tool and machining device for implementing same

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for machining a cutting tool (1, 21) and a machining device (50) for carrying out the method. The cutting tool (1, 21) has a cutting tool body (2, 22) and at least one cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) which is fastened to the cutting tool body (2, 22) and has at least one cutting edge (10, 30). As part of the method, a three-dimensional surface of a cutting tool (1, 21) is specified. A cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a), which forms the surface of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) and is arranged adjacent to the cutting edge (10, 30) of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23), is determined therefrom. The machining device (50) is controlled by means of these cutting edge-limiting surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) and removes material from the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) in a targeted manner such that a collision between the cutting tool and a material removal device (56) of the machining device (50) is avoided.

Description

[0001] describe

[0002] The invention relates to a method for machining a cutting tool having a cutting tool body and at least one cutting insert which is fastened to the cutting tool body and has at least one cutting edge.

[0003] Cutting tools include cutting tools for machining and tools for cutting machining. They usually have a shaft and a cutting part. The shaft is used to fix the cutting tool, for example in the mechanical interface of the machining tool. The cutting part is mounted on the shaft. The cutting part has at least one cutting edge, through which the cutting tool interacts with the workpiece to be machined, thereby removing material from the workpiece. Such cutting tools include, for example, milling cutters, drills, reamers, chisels, scrapers, planes and saws. The cutting tool can be a solid tool made entirely of a single material. Alternatively, the cutting part can also have an insert surrounding the cutting edge, wherein the insert is made of a different material from the shaft. Due to the forces acting on the cutting tool and the temperatures generated, the cutting tool is subjected to considerable mechanical and thermal stresses during use. These include mechanical friction, oxidation and wear, as well as diffusion and scaling, especially at high processing speeds. This can lead to wear in the cutting edge area of ​​the cutting tool.

[0004] In order to improve the wear resistance of cutting tools and increase their service life, cutting tools are provided with a harder material in the cutting edge area than in the rest of the cutting tool body. For this purpose, for cutting tools with cutting blades, either the cutting blades are provided with a hard coating or the entire cutting blade is made of a hard material. Such hard or superhard materials include, for example, diamond, such as polycrystalline diamond PCD, single crystal diamond, crystalline diamond or chemical vapor deposited diamond CVD, amorphous carbon, known as diamond-like carbon DLC, cubic boron nitride CBN, titanium or ceramics. If the cutting blade is provided with a coating made of a hard material, it can be applied to the cutting blade using methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

[0005] Cutting inserts are usually welded directly to the tool body to fix them. Although this connection is characterized by high strength, the welding process is not precise enough to ensure the accurate positioning of the cutting insert on the cutting tool body. In addition, there may be certain inaccuracies in the shape, length, width, depth or curvature of the surface of the cutting insert. These inaccuracies of the cutting insert and the inaccurate positioning of the cutting insert on the cutting tool body cause the relevant cutting tool to not meet the specified tolerances and have poor quality. Therefore, the cutting tool must be reprocessed after welding the cutting insert. In this post-processing process, material is removed from the cutting insert in a targeted manner so that the cutting edge and the surface surrounded by the cutting edge are particularly in line with the specifications. This is achieved by using a processing device having a fixing device for receiving and fixing the cutting tool, a material removal device for removing material from the cutting tool and a moving device. The moving device moves the cutting tool fixed in the fixing device relative to the material removal device to remove material in a targeted manner. The material removal device can be equipped with a grinding wheel, a laser for generating a laser beam, or a device for electrical discharge machining (EDM), for example.

[0006] Before machining the cutting inserts welded to the tool body using a machining device, the exact position of each cutting insert must be determined in three-dimensional space based on known references of the cutting tool. In addition, it must be determined whether the surface is flat or curved. If the cutting tool is designed as a rotary tool, which rotates around the geometrical axis of rotation of the cutting tool during use, the geometrical axis of rotation of the cutting tool can be, for example, a reference body. Another reference body can be the top side of the cutting tool or the bottom side of the cutting tool.

[0007] Based on the detected position, orientation and shape of the cutting insert, a path is determined by which the material removal device must be moved relative to the cutting tool to achieve the material removal on the cutting insert required for post-processing.

[0008] It is known that the position of welded cutting inserts on a cutting tool can be detected using a mechanical measuring probe. For this purpose, the measuring probe is mounted on a machining device. Depending on the type and shape of the cutting tool and the type and number of cutting inserts on the cutting tool, the probe must be moved relative to the cutting tool so that it detects the position of the surface relative to a reference body (e.g. the geometrical rotation axis of the cutting tool) at at least three measuring points on each cutting insert. The measuring probe is usually controlled by a computer, such as a CNC. The software must be created and specified by the responsible operator according to the type, number and approximate position of the cutting inserts. The operator can rely on the technical specifications and drawings of the cutting tool, but these specifications do not include inaccuracies caused by welding of the cutting inserts. Therefore, the operator must enter the detailed information into the control system in order to bring the measuring probe to the measuring point of the cutting insert. This requires considerable effort, especially for cutting tools with a large number of cutting inserts. There is also a risk of errors when entering the detailed information into the control system.

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a method which facilitates post-processing after welding a cutting insert to a cutting tool, wherein the post-processing is automated and collisions of the machining device with the cutting tool are avoided.

[0010] This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a processing device having the features of claim 22. The method is characterized by the following steps:

[0011] a) Specify the target data of the cutting edge, called the cutting edge target data. It includes data about at least one of the following attributes of the cutting edge: the cutting edge position relative to the cutting tool binding coordinate system, the cutting edge geometry, and the cutting edge path relative to the cutting edge binding coordinate system. The cutting tool binding coordinate system includes the coordinate axes passing through the cutting tool and the zero point in or on the cutting tool. When the cutting tool moves, the cutting tool binding coordinate system also moves. Therefore, in this coordinate system constrained by the cutting tool, the coordinates of the cutting edge position and the coordinates of the cutting edge path will not change. The cutting edge target data defines the details that the cutting edge of the cutting insert mounted on the cutting tool must have. If the cutting edge does not yet meet the details in question, these details need to be achieved through processing.

[0012] b) Specify the material removal device geometry data, including the shape and size of the material removal device. The size of the material removal device should be considered during the machining process.

[0013] c) The cutting tool is fixed in a fixture.

[0014] d) The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool arranged in the fixture of the machining device is specified at least in those parts which include the cutting insert and form the outer surface of the cutting tool. This surface is defined as the cutting tool three-dimensional surface.

[0015] e) Then, those sub-areas which form the surface of the cutting insert and are arranged near the cutting edge are determined from the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool. These surfaces are defined as cutting edge limiting surfaces. The cutting insert has at least two cutting edge limiting surfaces. For example, this can be the clearance surface and the chip surface of the cutting edge of the cutting insert.

[0016] f) determining actual cutting edge data based on the cutting edge limiting surface, wherein the actual cutting edge data at least includes the attributes contained in the target cutting edge data. The target cutting edge data describes the desired state of the cutting edge, while the actual cutting edge data relates to the actual state of the cutting edge. In order to compare the actual state with the target state, the actual cutting edge data contains detailed information on the same attributes as the target cutting edge data.

[0017] g) The actual cutting edge data is then compared with the target cutting edge data. It is determined whether the actual cutting edge data matches the target cutting edge data. The specified tolerance is taken into account here. If a match is found, the cutting edge does not need to be machined.

[0018] h) If the deviation between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data is greater than the specified tolerance, the cutting insert is machined as follows:

[0019] i) Determine the movement path of the moving device based on the specified material removal device data and the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the cutting edge target data, so that when the cutting tool and the material removal device move relative to each other and the material removal device removes material from the cutting tool at the same time, the cutting edge is formed within the specified tolerance range using the cutting edge target data and collisions between the cutting tool and the material removal device are excluded. To this end, the difference between the actual cutting edge data and the cutting edge target data and the material removal device data is processed. The movement path is used to determine how the material removal device must move relative to the cutting edge limiting surface so that the material removal device removes material from the cutting insert in a targeted manner so that the cutting tool meets the specified parameters with the cutting edge target data after processing.

[0020] j) Finally, the material removal device and the moving device are controlled to remove material from the cutting insert. This involves targeted material removal from the cutting insert so that after the material removal is completed, the cutting insert meets the cutting insert target data within the specified tolerance range and the processing device does not contact the cutting tool in an undesirable manner.

[0021] In principle, the cutting insert not only has a surface that is a part of the cutting tool surface and is arranged near the cutting edge of the cutting insert. For example, the cutting insert also includes those surfaces that the cutting insert is welded to the cutting tool body. Assuming that those surfaces of the cutting insert are a part of the cutting tool surface and the surface adjacent to the cutting edge of the cutting insert is particularly important for the quality of the cutting tool, this is why the inspection and rework of this area are particularly important. If necessary, of course, the surface of the non-adjacent cutting edge of the cutting insert can also be post-processed. Usually, post-processing is not carried out in those parts where the cutting insert is welded to the cutting tool body, because these parts are not exposed and therefore at least do not directly affect the performance of the cutting edge, and because processing in these parts may cause the cutting insert to break away from the cutting tool body. In addition to these mounting portions and the surface that limits the cutting edge, the cutting insert can also have other surfaces that can be processed.

[0022] The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is specified in such a way that the data does not need to be manually input into the processing device. The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool can be generated and input into the processing device using known cutting tool CAD data, for example. The CAD data can contain two-dimensional or three-dimensional cutting tool surfaces. For example, the surface of the cutting tool body can be specified in three-dimensional form, while the surface of the cutting blade can be specified in two-dimensional form. The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is then determined based on these data. In this case, the 3-dimensional cutting tool surface corresponds to or is a part of the theoretical geometric surface of the cutting tool generated from the CAD design of the cutting tool. Alternatively, a surface scanner based on a cutting tool clamped in a fixture and entered into the device can be used to generate the three-dimensional surface. In this case, the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool corresponds to the actual surface of the cutting tool after the cutting blade is welded. In both cases, it is not necessary to manually input the surface data into the system. Therefore, the process is no longer so complicated and error-prone for the user.

[0023] By evaluating the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool, those sub-areas that form the cutting blade surface and are arranged near the cutting edge can be determined. These sub-areas are characterized by their specific orientation relative to a reference body of the cutting tool, for example relative to the geometric rotation axis of the cutting tool, the bottom surface or the top surface of the cutting tool. This characteristic of the cutting blade surface can be used when determining the properties of the cutting blade. With the method according to the invention, the cutting edge limiting surface can be determined no matter how and in what way the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is specified. The user does not need to enter any data or information.

[0024] By evaluating the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool and determining the cutting edge limiting surface, the position, orientation, possible curvature of the surface and the length, width or depth of the cutting insert can be determined. If necessary and desired, measuring points can be defined on the cutting edge limiting surface of the scanned cutting insert surface. The cutting edge limiting surface determined from the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is adapted to the data obtained during the scan. Based on the cutting edge limiting surface, if necessary adjusted by the scan data, it can be determined how the material removal device must be moved relative to the cutting tool in order to remove material from the cutting insert in a targeted manner, so that the welded cutting insert can be reprocessed and the cutting tool then meets the specifications regarding the position, orientation and course of the cutting edge and the surface limited by the cutting edge within a certain tolerance range. When determining the movement path, the geometry and dimensions of the material removal device and the cutting tool are taken into account so that the relative movement of the material removal device and the cutting tool does not cause collisions.

[0025] The following surfaces can be assigned to a cutting tool:

[0026] 1. The theoretical geometric three-dimensional surface obtained from the cutting tool design; if the cutting tool is designed using CAD, the theoretical geometric three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool can be derived from the CAD data. This surface must not contain any inaccuracies caused by the manufacture of the cutting insert and the welding of the cutting insert.

[0027] 2. The actual three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool after welding the cutting insert; this surface includes inaccuracies caused by the manufacture of the cutting insert and the welding of the cutting insert; for example, this surface can be determined using a surface scanner covering the entire surface of the cutting tool; or, this surface can be determined by the data obtained from item 1 and the subsequent scanning of the surface of the cutting insert at each specific measuring point on the surface of the cutting insert, wherein the surface obtained from part 1 is adapted to the scan data obtained by scanning at the measuring points; in this case, the number of measuring points is significantly smaller than the number of points on the cutting tool surface recorded using the surface scanner; it is also possible to adapt the surface determined by the surface scanner to the scan data obtained by scanning at the measuring points; this may improve accuracy. The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool according to claim 1 can be derived from the theoretical three-dimensional surface according to item 1 or the actual three-dimensional surface according to item 2.

[0028] 3. The cutting edge limiting surface determined based on the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool; the cutting edge limiting surface can be determined from the theoretical geometric three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool according to item 1 above, or from the actual three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool after welding the cutting blade according to item 2 above. When the cutting edge limiting surface is determined from the theoretical geometric three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool according to item 1 above, several measuring points should be determined on the cutting edge limiting surface derived therefrom, and the surface of the cutting tool arranged in the fixture is detected at these measuring points using a measuring probe. This helps to adapt the theoretical cutting edge limiting surface to reality. The cutting edge limiting surface is adjusted so that the scanning data acquired with the measuring probe is located on the cutting edge limiting surface. These cutting edge limiting surfaces have actual cutting edge data.

[0029] 4. Reworked cutting edge limiting surfaces: After the material removal is completed using the method according to the invention, the cutting edge and the adjacent cutting edge limiting surfaces of the cutting tool should meet the specifications applicable to the cutting edge and the cutting edge limiting surfaces within the specified tolerances. In this case, the cutting edge has cutting edge target data.

[0030] In the method according to the present invention, the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is specified according to item 1 above or according to item 2 above, and the cutting edge limiting surface is determined therefrom according to item 3 above. It is assumed that these cutting edge limiting surfaces correspond to the corresponding actual surfaces on the cutting tool to be machined which is clamped in a fixing device and have actual cutting edge data. Based on these cutting edge limiting surfaces, the moving device and the material removal device are controlled so as to remove material from the cutting insert in a targeted manner. The purpose is to make the remachined cutting edge limiting surface meet the standards and cutting edge target data specified in item 4 above after machining is completed. If the cutting edge limiting surface meets the standards, the cutting edge also meets the specified standards.

[0031] The data required for post-processing is automatically determined from the cutting tool surface, without the need for manual input by the operator, and without the need for the operator to determine the measured data. This makes post-processing much easier. Post-processing is also more accurate because input errors cannot occur.

[0032] Before welding to the cutting tool body, the cutting insert can be dimensioned so that there is always enough material available so that when material removal is required, a cutting edge with a specified standard can be formed on the cutting tool. In this case, the cutting insert protrudes from the cutting tool body and the given cutting tool geometry. If necessary, when implementing the method according to the invention, only the cutting edge is formed on the cutting tool.

[0033] In order to avoid unnecessary collisions between the material removal device and the cutting tool, the geometrical data of the material removal device, including the shape and dimensions of the material removal device, are taken into account when determining the movement path. This can be achieved using known collision avoidance calculation methods. The specific data of the cutting tool and the material removal device are taken into account. Known collision avoidance calculation methods can be used. For example, the Minkowski addition method can be used for this purpose.

[0034] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cutting edge limiting surface is used to determine how much material must be removed from the cutting insert and where the material must be removed so that the cutting insert meets predetermined parameters in the area of ​​its cutting edge, taking into account predetermined tolerances. The movement device and / or the material removal device is controlled so that the material removal device removes the material. The parameters include, for example, the orientation and / or position and / or size and / or curvature of the cutting edge limiting surface. Target values ​​and tolerances can be specified for this.

[0035] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cutting tool is a rotary cutting tool which rotates during use about a cutting tool geometrical rotation axis. The cutting tool geometrical rotation axis corresponds to the axis about which the cutting tool rotates in its subsequent position of use. Advantageously, the cutting tool designed as a rotary tool is received in a fixing device so that it rotates with the moving device about the cutting tool geometrical rotation axis.

[0036] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the orientation of the cutting edge limiting surface is determined relative to the geometrical rotation axis of the cutting tool. This makes use of the fact that the cutting insert usually has a certain orientation relative to the geometrical rotation axis of the cutting tool. This orientation is a prerequisite for the cutting insert to achieve the required material removal in a subsequent position of the cutting tool when the cutting tool rotates about the cutting tool rotation axis.

[0037] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the position of the cutting edge limiting surface is determined relative to the cutting tool geometrical rotation axis. This utilizes the fact that the cutting insert usually has a specific position relative to the cutting tool geometrical rotation axis.

[0038] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the position of the cutting edge limiting surface is determined relative to the front side of the cutting tool. If the cutting tool is designed as a rotating tool, which rotates around the cutting tool rotation axis at the place of use, and which extends along the cutting tool rotation axis from a first end to a second end, the end face is preferably a surface of the cutting tool at the first end or the second end, which is perpendicular to the cutting tool rotation axis.

[0039] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a plurality of measuring points are determined on at least one cutting edge limiting surface. At these measuring points, the coordinates corresponding to the cutting edge limiting surface are recorded from a given coordinate system using a coordinate measuring device. The coordinate measuring device can, for example, be a measuring probe. The coordinate measuring device can measure the coordinates of the cutting edge limiting surface assigned to the measuring point in contact or non-contact. When determining the measuring points, the fact that the cutting edge limiting surface comes from the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool can be used to automatically determine the scanned measuring points from the cutting tool surface without user intervention. The relative movement between the coordinate measuring device and the cutting tool can be achieved using a moving device of the processing device. The relative movement occurs in such a way that the coordinate measuring device records the coordinates of the cutting edge limiting surface at the specified measuring points without the coordinate measuring device contacting or colliding with the cutting tool in an undesirable manner. The coordinate measuring device can be designed as a mechanical measuring probe and can detect the surface of the cutting blade at the measuring point by contact. Alternatively, the coordinate measuring device can measure the coordinates non-contactly. In this case, the surface at the measuring point can be recorded optically, for example. Advantageously, at least three measuring points are determined for each cutting blade. Compared to a surface scanner, the coordinate measuring device records the surface of the cutting tool only at a few measuring points on at least one cutting edge limiting surface. A coordinate measuring device cannot necessarily capture the entire surface of a cutting tool like a surface scanner can.

[0040] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cutting edge limiting surface is adjusted taking into account the coordinates of the measured points on the recorded cutting edge limiting surface so that these coordinates lie on the adjusted cutting edge limiting surface. The coordinates are part of the adjusted cutting edge limiting surface. In this way, the cutting edge limiting surface can be corrected. For example, the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool determined from CAD data or a surface scan can be modified so that the scan data lies on the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool. In this way, inaccuracies or deviations from the real surface can be taken into account.

[0041] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the coordinates of the recorded measuring points are used to check whether the cutting edge limiting surfaces are curved or flat. For example, if it is determined that one of the cutting edge limiting surfaces has a curvature that results in an undesired curvature of the cutting edge, the corresponding cutting edge limiting surface can be smoothed and converted into a flat surface by post-processing so that the cutting edge has a predetermined straight line. If the cutting edge limiting surface has a specified curvature, more than three measuring points must be specified. If the cutting edge also has a specified curvature, the movement device and / or the material removal device must be controlled accordingly so that the cutting edge meets the specifications regarding the curvature after post-processing.

[0042] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the coordinate measuring device is moved relative to the cutting tool by means of a moving device so that the coordinates of the measuring points are recorded and the relative movement does not result in a collision between the cutting tool and the coordinate measuring device.

[0043] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the machining path extends to a region extending beyond the edge of at least one cutting edge limiting surface. This ensures that the material removal device machines the entire cutting edge limiting surface.

[0044] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the starting point and the end point of the material removal on the cutting edge limiting surface are determined based on the cutting edge limiting surface. At the starting point, the machining of the cutting insert starts with the material removal device. At the end point, the machining of the cutting insert ends. The starting point and the end point are two spatially defined points on the cutting edge limiting surface. Between the starting point and the end point, progressive machining of the cutting edge limiting surface is performed. Advantageously, the material removal device is guided along the machining path from the starting point to the end point.

[0045] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the material removal device comprises a laser. The laser generates a laser beam which is directed exclusively to the surface of the cutting insert. The laser beam generates such a high energy density on the surface of the cutting insert that the material of the cutting insert evaporates or sublimates locally. Material removal is also referred to as laser ablation or laser vaporization. For example, the material can be removed in regions and layers. Advantageously, the laser is pulsed.

[0046] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the laser is equipped with an optical deflection device in addition to the displacement device, which moves the laser beam relative to the cutting tool. In this way, two movements of the laser beam relative to the cutting tool are produced: a first movement is carried out by the displacement device of the laser, and a second movement is carried out by the deflection device of the laser. The first movement is superimposed on the second movement. In general, higher speeds can be achieved using the optical deflection device than with the displacement device. The optical deflection device can be, for example, a laser scanner.

[0047] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the material removal device comprises a grinding wheel. In this case, the material is removed by a grinding process.

[0048] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the material removal device removes material by means of electrical discharge machining EDM.

[0049] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cutting insert is made of a superhard material, such as polycrystalline diamond (PCD), cubic boron nitride (CBN), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond, single crystal diamond or ceramic. If a coating is required, it can be applied by CVD. Alternatively, diamond-like amorphous carbon (DLC) can also be used.

[0050] According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is determined according to the specified CAD data of the cutting tool. By computer-aided design and manufacturing of a cutting tool having at least one cutting blade, a geometric model of the cutting tool can be obtained as a digital data set. The CAD data contains the digital data set. By calculation, the theoretical geometric three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool can be determined from the CAD data. Since the CAD data is derived from the geometric model, it does not contain inaccuracies caused by the manufacture of the cutting blade and the welding of the cutting blade with the cutting tool body. Therefore, they do not reflect reality in the same way. Therefore, it may be advantageous to determine the measuring points on the surface of the cutting blade, detect the actual real cutting edge limiting surface by scanning the measuring points with a measuring probe, and adapt the cutting edge limiting surface to the scanned data.

[0051] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is generated using a surface scanner. The surface scanner is equipped with one or more sensors that can systematically and regularly scan or measure the cutting tool. A large number of individual measurement results form an overall image of the cutting tool. The measurement values ​​recorded by the sensor are converted into digital data and processed by a computer. Based on these data, the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool can be determined by calculation. The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool captured by the surface scanner may well reproduce the real surface of the cutting tool. In this case, it is not necessary to define measuring points on the surface of the cutting blade or to measure the surface at these measuring points with a measuring probe. However, for control purposes, additional scanning can be performed using a measuring probe. For example, if after such an inspection of one surface of the cutting blade, it is found that the scan data determined with the measuring probe is a part of the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool captured with the surface scanner, no further inspection of the remaining surfaces of the cutting blade is required. However, if deviations are found, the inspection can continue. If the surface of the cutting tool recorded by the surface scanner does not have the necessary accuracy, it is usually useful to perform such control by scanning with a measuring probe.

[0052] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a grid of sub-surfaces is placed on the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool. For each sub-surface, the orientation is determined relative to a reference body, for example relative to the geometrical rotation axis of the cutting tool. The cutting edge limiting surface is thereby determined.

[0053] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sub-surface is a triangle. Alternatively, the sub-surface can also be a quadrilateral or other polygon.

[0054] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the orientations of two adjacent sub-surfaces are compared with one another. The cutting edge limiting surface is thereby determined. This utilizes the fact that adjacent sub-surfaces having the same or similar orientation belong to the same cutting edge limiting surface.

[0055] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the collision-free movement path is determined by Minkowski addition.Other calculation methods can also be used to determine the collision-free machining path.

[0056] The processing device according to the invention is characterized in that it is equipped with a control device which controls the fixing device, the moving device and the material removal device so that they carry out the method according to the invention.

[0057] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the machining device is equipped with a coordinate measuring device which is also controlled by the control device.

[0058] Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the following description, the drawings and the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a cutting tool machined using the method according to the present invention, represented based on CAD data;

[0060] Figure 2 is based on Figure 1 A perspective view of the cutting tool shown, represented using triangles based on data obtained by a surface scanner;

[0061] Figure 3 is based on Figure 2 Use different grayscale representations;

[0062] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 , 2 3 and a perspective view of the cutting tool after post-processing according to the method of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 is based on Figure 1 The cutting tool represented is labeled with the external cutting tool geometry;

[0064] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the machining path of the cutting tool and the material removal device;

[0065] Figure 7 is based on Figure 1 A cutting tool represented by , wherein measuring points are marked for scanning the surface of the cutting insert with a measuring probe;

[0066] Figure 8 is based on Figures 1 to 7 , comparing the CAD data with data determined using a cutting tool surface scanner;

[0067] Fig. 9is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a cutting tool machined using the method according to the present invention, represented based on CAD data;

[0068] Fig.10 is based on Fig. 9 a perspective view of the cutting tool shown, the view being based on data obtained from a surface scanner;

[0069] Fig.11 yes Fig. 9 Details in;

[0070] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 Details in;

[0071] Fig.13 yes Fig. 9 and Fig.10 A portion of a cutting tool is shown after post-processing in accordance with the method of the present invention;

[0072] Fig.14 It is the processing device used to perform this process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] Figures 1 to 8 A first cutting tool processed by the method according to the present invention is shown. Fig.14 shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cutting tool before machining is shown. Figure 1 Corresponds to a representation of the CAD data of the cutting tool, which data is specified by designing the cutting tool using CAD. Figure 2 Represents data obtained using a surface scanner. The cutting tool 1 comprises a cutting tool body 2 on which a total of six cutting blades 3, 4, 5 are arranged. The cutting tool is a rotating tool which rotates around a cutting tool geometric rotation axis 6 in a use position. The cutting tool is not fully shown in the figure. For the sake of clarity, only a portion of the shaft 7 is shown, which is used to fix the cutting tool 1 in a machine not shown. No cutting blades are arranged in the not shown part of the cutting tool. Therefore, the not shown part of the cutting tool will not be processed when using this process. The part of the cutting tool 1 on which the cutting blades 3, 4, 5 are arranged on the cutting tool body 2 is defined as the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool. In Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the example, the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is visible, at least in the area facing the observer. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the figure, the part of the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool facing away from the observer is hidden by the cutting tool body 2.

[0074] The cutting blades 3, 4, 5 are arranged offset relative to the axis of rotation of the cutting tool. The first two cutting blades 3 are located at one end 8 of the cutting tool. They are arranged 180° apart from each other on the cutting tool body 2 and are inclined at an angle α relative to the axis of rotation of the cutting tool. The two second cutting blades 4 are arranged axially relative to the axis of rotation 6 of the cutting tool, keeping a certain distance from the end 8 and the two first cutting blades 3. They are mounted on the cutting tool body in a manner axially offset from the first cutting blade 3. The angular distance between the two second cutting blades is also 180°. The two third cutting blades 5 are located between the two first and second cutting blades 3, 4 relative to their axial position and relative to their angular position. In the figure, only one of the two third cutting blades 5 is visible because the other third cutting blade 5 is covered by the cutting tool body 2.

[0075] The first, second and third cutting inserts 3, 4, 5 are welded to the cutting tool body 2. After welding, the cutting inserts 3, 4, 5 initially protrude beyond the cutting tool body 2 radially outwards. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cutting tool is shown after welding of the cutting inserts 3, 4, 5. In particular in the case of the first cutting insert 3 and the second cutting insert 4, the parts protruding radially beyond the cutting tool body are clearly visible.

[0076] Figure 1 A representation of a cutting tool 1 before machining using the method is shown, wherein the representation is based on CAD data. These CAD data originate from a computer-aided design of the cutting tool. The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is shown, including the cutting inserts 3, 4, 5.

[0077] Figure 2 FIG. 4 shows a representation of a cutting tool 1 before machining using the method, wherein the representation is based on data determined by a surface scanner. The surface scanner Fig.14 59. The surface scanner scans the surface of the cutting tool 1 from all sides in the area where the cutting inserts 3, 4, 5 are arranged. This generates a three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool, which is essential for performing the process. Figure 2 Based on the CAD data, the surface of the cutting tool 1 can be accurately captured (the surface is also shown in Figure 1 ). The surface scanner generates many surface points. Figure 2 In the figure, they are connected by lines to form a triangle. Figure 3 Shows the Figure 2 Alternative representation of the same set of surface points, showing different grayscale levels instead of triangles. Figure 2 In comparison, the shape of the cutting tool 1 in this figure is clearer.

[0078] Figure 4A cutting tool 1 is shown with cutting inserts 3, 4, 5, wherein the cutting inserts meet predetermined criteria regarding the position and course of their cutting edges 10. The cutting inserts 3, 4, 5 protrude radially outwards from the cutting tool body 2 to a significantly lesser extent. By way of example, the second cutting insert 4 shows a cutting edge 10 defining a first cutting edge limiting surface 11 and a second cutting edge limiting surface 12. The same is true for the first cutting insert 3 and the third cutting insert 5.

[0079] Figure 5 Shown according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A cutting tool 1, wherein the outer geometry 13 of the cutting tool is marked by lines in the region of the first cutting insert 3 and the second cutting insert, the outer geometry 13 being defined by the predetermined course of the cutting edges 10 of the cutting inserts 3, 4, 5. As can be seen from this illustration, the regions of the cutting inserts 3, 4, 5 that protrude beyond the outer geometry 13 of the cutting tool 1 must be removed. In particular, the first cutting edge limiting surface 11a and / or the second cutting edge limiting surface 12a must be post-processed so that they are within the tolerance range and are aligned with the outer geometry 13 of the cutting tool 1. Figure 4 The first cutting edge limiting surface 11 and the second cutting edge limiting surface 12 in the embodiment correspond to each other, and the cutting edge 10 thus has a predetermined course.

[0080] In order to be able to machine the cutting inserts 3, 4, 5 in the region of the cutting edge limiting surfaces 11a, 12a, a Figure 1 CAD data or use according to Figure 2 The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool 1 is specified by the data determined by the surface scanner. The sum of these given data is called the three-dimensional cutting tool surface. From this three-dimensional cutting tool surface, those sub-areas that form the surface of the cutting inserts 3, 4, 5 and are arranged near the cutting edges are determined. These are called cutting edge limiting surfaces 11a, 12a. They are obtained by comparing the orientation or position of the surface with the cutting tool rotation axis 6 or the front side 9 of the cutting tool. For this purpose, the three-dimensional cutting tool surface is divided into a grid of sub-surfaces 14. In accordance with Figure 2 In the representation of , the mesh with sub-surfaces 14 corresponds to the triangles generated by connecting the surface points. For each sub-surface 14, the orientation relative to the geometric rotation axis 6 of the cutting tool is determined. Alternatively or cumulatively, the orientation relative to the front side 9 of the cutting tool can also be determined for each sub-surface 14. Adjacent sub-surfaces 14 with the same orientation are assigned to a common surface. The cutting edge limiting surfaces 11a, 12a differ from the other surfaces of the cutting tool 1 in that they have a very specific predetermined orientation relative to the cutting tool rotation axis 6 or the front side 9.

[0081] The actual cutting edge data are determined based on the cutting edge limiting surface. They relate to at least one property of the cutting edge, namely the cutting edge position relative to the cutting tool binding coordinate system, the cutting edge geometry or the cutting edge path relative to the cutting edge binding coordinate system.

[0082] The cutting tool is assigned cutting edge target data, which is related to the corresponding attributes in the above attribute set: the cutting edge position relative to the cutting tool binding coordinate system, the cutting edge geometry, and the cutting edge path relative to the cutting edge binding coordinate system. Figure 4 The cutting tool shown has these cutting edge target data.

[0083] The actual cutting edge data are compared with the cutting edge target data. This comparison determines whether and how much material must be removed from the detected cutting edge limiting surfaces 11a, 12a so that the cutting edge 10 has the cutting edge target data and has the specified course with the specified outer geometry 13.

[0084] according to Fig.14 , material removal device data is specified for the processing device 50, including the shape and size of the material removal device 56.

[0085] The machining path 15 of the material removal device is determined by comparing the actual cutting edge data with the target cutting edge data and the material removal device data. Figure 6 , the machining path 15 is shown on the first, second and third cutting inserts 3, 4, 5. The machining path 15 extends beyond the cutting edge limiting surfaces 11a, 12a, thereby ensuring that the entire cutting edge surfaces 11a, 12a are machined. The machining path is specified in such a way that the necessary amount of material is removed from the cutting insert without the material removal device colliding with the cutting tool.

[0086] In this embodiment, the processing machine is a laser processing machine, such as Fig.14 In this case, the material removal device comprises a laser. The laser beam of the laser is directed onto the first cutting edge limiting surface 11a and removes material. To this end, the laser beam is guided along the machining path 15 one or more times until a material is produced according to Figure 4 Alternatively, the material removal can also start from the second cutting edge limiting surface 12a. In this case, the machining path may be similar to Figure 6 The paths shown are different.

[0087] If according to Figure 1 The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool obtained from the CAD data cannot fully reflect the actual situation, or needs to be checked according to Figure 1 , 2If the three-dimensional surface of a cutting tool is 3 or 3, then measuring points can be determined on at least one cutting edge limiting surface 11a, and the coordinates of the cutting edge limiting surface can be recorded using a coordinate measuring device. In this example, three measuring points 16 are determined on the first cutting edge limiting surface 11a. Subsequently, an optical or mechanical coordinate measuring device is used to record the coordinates of the cutting edge limiting surface at these three measuring points 16. The obtained measurement data is compared with the cutting edge limiting surface 11a at these measuring points 16. If there is a deviation, the cutting edge limiting surface 11a is corrected and adjusted so that the coordinates of the measuring points are located on the cutting edge limiting surface 11a. If according to Figure 2 Or 3 using a surface scanner to determine the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool, such an inspection can also be carried out on the cutting edge limit surfaces 11a, 12a. Since the surface scanner already captures the surface of the real cutting tool, it is assumed that in this case the inspection is only necessary in special cases or for control purposes. Coordinate measuring devices such as Fig.14 As shown, its reference number is 60.

[0088] Figure 8 A comparison of a three-dimensional cutting tool surface 17 determined using CAD data and a three-dimensional cutting tool surface 18 determined using a surface scanner is shown. In the light grey area, the three-dimensional cutting tool surface 18 determined using the surface scanner protrudes from the three-dimensional cutting tool surface 17 determined using CAD data. The opposite is true in the dark grey area.

[0089] Figures 9 to 13 A second embodiment of a cutting tool 21 produced by the method according to the invention is shown. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The cutting tool 21 is shown before machining. Fig. 9 This corresponds to the representation of the CAD data of the cutting tool 21, which is specified by designing the cutting tool using CAD. Fig.10 represents data obtained using a surface scanner. The cutting tool 21 comprises a cutting tool body 22 on which a plurality of cutting inserts 23 are arranged. The cutting tool is a rotary tool which rotates about a cutting tool geometric rotation axis 26 in a use position. Figures 1 to 8 Compared to the first embodiment of the cutting tool, in the cutting tool 21 according to the second embodiment, all cutting blades 23 are arranged at the same axial position on the cutting tool body 22 relative to the cutting tool rotation axis 26 and have the same orientation relative to the cutting tool rotation axis 26.

[0090] For each cutting insert 23 arranged on the cutting tool body 22, the criteria for the path and position of the cutting edge 30 of the cutting insert 23 relative to the cutting tool rotation axis 26 of the cutting tool are specified as cutting edge target data. Fig.13The predetermined cutting edge 30 defines a first cutting edge limiting surface 31 and a second cutting edge limiting surface 32. The paths and positions of the cutting edges 30 of all cutting inserts 23 of the cutting tool 21 determine the outer geometry 33 of the cutting tool 21. The outer geometry 33 is Fig. 9 and 10 Marked with a line.

[0091] In order to implement this method, according to Fig. 9 The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool shown in the CAD data or according to Fig.10 The data determined by the surface scanner are shown to determine the cutting edge limiting surfaces 31a, 32a of the cutting insert 23 and to derive actual cutting edge data therefrom. These are compared with specified cutting edge target data. Fig.11 and 12 As an example, two cutting edge limiting surfaces 31a and 32a on the cutting insert 23 are shown. By comparing the specifications of the cutting edge 30, the first cutting edge limiting surface 31 and the second cutting edge limiting surface 32, it can be concluded that material removal must occur and to what extent. The machining device is controlled based on the data determined in this way so that the corresponding material is removed and the cutting edge 30 meets the requirements. Fig.13 The specifications shown are such that collisions between the cutting tool and the material removal device are avoided. The geometry and dimensions of the cutting tool and the material removal device need to be taken into account. The machining path is defined so that during the relative movement of the cutting tool and the material removal device, they do not come so close to each other that they do not contact each other unnecessarily.

[0092] according to Figures 1 to 8 The first embodiment of the invention determines the position and orientation of the cutting edge limiting surfaces 31a, 32a relative to the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool.

[0093] Fig.14 A processing device 50 for implementing the method is shown. The processing device is a laser processing device. It includes a fixture 51 for receiving and fixing a cutting tool 1, a moving device 53 for moving the cutting tool 1 arranged in the fixture relative to a device base 55, a laser 56 for generating a laser beam 52, and a laser beam deflecting device 57 for guiding the laser beam 52. In this example, the moving device 53 has three linear axes X, Y, Z and two rotation axes B and C. The rotation axis C ensures that the cutting tool 1 arranged in the workpiece fixture 51 rotates around a cutting tool geometric rotation axis extending through the cutting tool. The laser beam deflecting device 57 moves and guides the laser beam 52 in three different directions in space. The laser beam 52 is along Fig.14 The laser path not shown in the figure moves relative to the cutting tool 1. The control device 58 controls the fixing device 51, the moving device 53 and the laser beam deflecting device 57 to perform the processing of the workpiece.

[0094] The processing device 50 is also equipped with a surface scanner 59, which detects the surface of the cutting tool 1 arranged in the fixture 51 and stores the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool determined in this way. The three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool is output to the control device 58, which uses the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool to determine the cutting edge limit surface of the cutting blade, compares it with the specifications of the cutting edge, determines the material to be removed from the cutting tool surface, and controls the laser beam so as to remove the material from the cutting blade of the cutting tool 1 in a targeted manner.

[0095] For control and testing purposes, the machining device is also equipped with a coordinate measuring device 60 in order to detect the surface of the cutting tool 1 arranged in the fixture at each measuring point and assign the coordinates of the coordinate system. It is then checked whether these recorded coordinates are located on the specified cutting edge limit surface. If not, the cutting edge limit surface is corrected so that the coordinates of the measuring point are located on the adjusted cutting edge limit surface. The coordinate measuring device 60 is controlled and moved so as to avoid collisions between the cutting tool and the coordinate measuring device. The relative movement between the cutting tool 1 and the coordinate measuring device is achieved by the moving device 53.

[0096] All features of the invention may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination with one another.

[0097] Reference Number:

[0098] 1 Cutting tools

[0099] 2 Cutting tool body

[0100] 3 First cutting blade

[0101] 4 Second cutting blade

[0102] 5 Third cutting blade

[0103] 6 Cutting tool rotation axis

[0104] 7 Axis

[0105] 8 terminals

[0106] 9 Front

[0107] 10 Cutting edge

[0108] 11 The first cutting edge limiting surface after machining

[0109] 11a The first cutting edge limiting surface before machining

[0110] 12 Machined second cutting edge limiting surface

[0111] 12a Second cutting edge limiting surface before machining

[0112] 13 External geometry of cutting tools

[0113] 14 Sub-areas

[0114] 15 Processing paths of material removal devices

[0115] 16 measuring points

[0116] 17 Determine the three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool using CAD data 18 Determine the three-dimensional surface of cutting tools using surface scanners 21 Cutting tools

[0117] 22 Cutting tool body

[0118] 23 Cutting inserts

[0119] 26 Cutting tool rotation axis

[0120] 30 Cutting Edge

[0121] 31 First cutting edge limiting surface after machining

[0122] 31a The first cutting edge limiting surface before machining

[0123] 32 Machined second cutting edge limiting surface

[0124] 32a Second cutting edge limiting surface before machining

[0125] 33 External geometry of cutting tools

[0126] 50 Processing equipment

[0127] 51 Fixtures

[0128] 52 Laser Beam

[0129] 53 Mobile Devices

[0130] 55 Device base

[0131] 56 Laser

[0132] 57 Laser beam deflection device

[0133] 58 Control Device

[0134] 59 Surface Scanner

[0135] 60 Coordinate measuring device

Claims

1. A method for machining a cutting tool (1, 21), the cutting tool (1, 21) comprising a cutting tool body (2, 22) and at least one cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23), the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) being fixed to the cutting tool body (2, 22) and having at least one cutting edge (10, 30), wherein: The processing is performed using a processing device (50), wherein the processing device (50) comprises: - a fixing device (51), which receives and fixes the cutting tool (1, 21); - a material removal device (56) for removing material from the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23); as well as a moving device (53), wherein the moving device (53) moves the cutting tool (1, 21) received in the fixing device (51) and the material removal device (56) relative to each other for targeted material removal; It is characterized by the following process steps: a) specifying cutting edge target data of the cutting edge (10, 30), wherein the cutting edge target data comprises at least one attribute from the following set: {cutting edge position relative to a cutting tool bound coordinate system, cutting edge geometry, cutting edge path relative to a cutting edge bound coordinate system}; b) specifying material removal device geometry data, including shape and size of the material removal device (56); c) fixing the cutting tool (1, 21) in the fixing device (51); d) determining a three-dimensional surface of the cutting tool (1, 21) mounted in the fixture (51), at least in those parts of the cutting tool (1, 21) comprising the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23), the three-dimensional surface being defined as the cutting tool three-dimensional surface (17, 18); e) determining sub-areas of the three-dimensional surface (17, 18) of the cutting tool, which sub-areas form the surface of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) and are arranged adjacent to the cutting edge (10, 30) of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23), wherein the sub-areas are defined as cutting edge limiting surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a); f) determining cutting edge actual data based on the cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a), wherein the cutting edge actual data at least includes the attributes contained in the cutting edge target data; g) comparing the actual cutting edge data with the target cutting edge data; h) if the deviation between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data is greater than a specified tolerance; i) determining a moving path (15) of the moving device (53) based on predetermined material removal device data and a difference between the actual cutting edge data and the target cutting edge data, so that when the cutting tool (1, 21) and the material removal device (56) are relatively moved and the material removal device (56) removes material from the cutting tool (1, 21) at the same time, the cutting edge (10, 30) is formed within a predetermined tolerance using the target cutting edge data and a collision between the cutting tool (1, 21) and the material removal device (56) is excluded; j) controlling the material removal device (56) and the moving device (53) according to the determined movement path and performing related relative movement, while removing material from the cutting blade (3, 4, 5, 23) by means of the material removal device (56).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The cutting tool (1, 21) is a rotating cutting tool which rotates about a cutting tool geometrical rotation axis (6, 26) during use.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The orientation of the cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) is determined relative to the geometrical rotation axis (6, 26) of the cutting tool.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The position of the cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) is determined relative to the geometrical rotation axis (6, 26) of the cutting tool.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that A plurality of measuring points (16) are determined on at least one of the cutting edge limiting surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a), and for the cutting tool (1) arranged in the fixture (51), the coordinates corresponding to the cutting edge limiting surfaces (11a, 21a, 31a, 32a) relative to a predetermined coordinate system are recorded at the measuring points (16) by means of a coordinate measuring device (60).

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) is adjusted taking into account the coordinates of the measuring point determined by the coordinate measuring device (60) so that the detected coordinates of the measuring point are located on the adjusted cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The scanning data determined during the scanning are used to check whether the cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) is curved or flat.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that The coordinate measuring device (60) is moved relative to the cutting tool (1, 21) by the moving device (53), thereby detecting the coordinates of the measuring point (16), and the relative movement is performed without collision between the cutting tool (1, 21) and the coordinate measuring device (60).

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The machining path (15) extends in a region extending beyond an edge of at least one of the cutting edge limiting surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

10. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that A start point and an end point of material removal on the cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) are determined based on the cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The material removal device is equipped with a laser (56), and material removal is performed by means of the laser (56).

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The laser beam (52) of the laser (56) is moved relative to the cutting tool (1, 21) by means of an optical laser beam deflection device (57), and the movement is superimposed on the movement of the cutting tool (1, 21) generated by the movement device (53).

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The material removal device is equipped with a grinding wheel and the material removal is carried out by means of the grinding wheel.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that Material removal is performed by electrical discharge machining (EDM).

15. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that The cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23) is made of superhard material, such as polycrystalline diamond (PCD), cubic boron nitride (CBN), chemical vapor deposited diamond (CVD), single crystal diamond or ceramic.

16. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that The three-dimensional surface (17) of the cutting tool is determined based on predetermined CAD data of the cutting tool (1, 21).

17. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The three-dimensional surface (18) of the cutting tool is generated by a surface scanner (59) that scans the surface of the cutting tool.

18. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that A grid of sub-surfaces (14) is placed on the three-dimensional surface (17, 18) of the cutting tool, the orientation of each sub-surface (14) relative to the geometric rotation axis (6, 26) of the cutting tool is determined, and the cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) is thereby determined.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The sub-surface (14) is triangular.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that The orientations of two adjacent partial surfaces (14) are compared with one another and the cutting edge limiting surface (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) is determined therefrom.

21. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The collision-free movement path is determined by Minkowski addition.

22. A machining device for machining a cutting tool (1, 21), the cutting tool (1, 21) having a cutting tool body (2, 22) and at least one cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23), the cutting insert being fixed to the cutting tool body (2, 22) and having at least one cutting edge (10, 30), wherein: The processing device (50) comprises: a fixing device (51), the fixing device (51) receiving and fixing the cutting tool (1, 21), a material removal device (56) for removing material from a surface of the cutting tool (1, 21), and A moving device (53), wherein the moving device (53) moves the cutting tool (1, 21) received in the fixing device (51) and the material removal device (56) relative to each other to remove material in a targeted manner, Characterized in that the processing device (50) comprises a control device (58), which is designed to control the fixing device (51), the moving device (53) and the material removal device (56) so that they perform the method according to one of the preceding claims on the cutting tool (1, 21).

23. The processing device according to claim 22, characterized in that: The material removal device is equipped with a laser (56) which removes material from the cutting edge limiting surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a) by laser processing the cutting edge limiting surfaces (11a, 12a, 31a, 32a).

24. The processing device according to claim 22, characterized in that: The material removal device is equipped with at least one grinding wheel which removes material from the cutting edge limiting surface by grinding removal.

25. The processing device according to claim 22, characterized in that: The material removal device is designed to remove material from the cutting edge limiting surface by electro-discharge machining (EDM).

26. The processing device according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that It is equipped with a surface scanner (59) which detects the surface of the cutting tool (1, 21) at least in those parts of the cutting tool (1, 21) which comprise the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23).

27. The processing device according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that It is equipped with a coordinate measuring device (60) which detects the coordinates of the cutting tool surface relative to a predetermined coordinate system at certain measuring points (16) on the surface of the cutting insert (3, 4, 5, 23).

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