Green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and method thereof

Abstract

According to the environment-friendly high-effect multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, the X-direction sanding printing module and the X-direction shakeout printing module are arranged on the frame, sanding printing of each layer is achieved through movement of the Y-direction water-based spray head printing module and the X-direction sanding printing module in the two directions, and the production efficiency is improved. Opening and closing of the shakeout box and quantitative shakeout are achieved through vibration of the vibration motor and stretching and retracting of the movement air cylinder; a resin ink jet mechanism is arranged on the second cross beam through a Y-direction resin spray head module, a quantitative powder falling device is arranged on the third cross beam through a Y-direction quantitative shakeout module, an ultrasonic vibrator is arranged on the quantitative powder falling device, a negative-pressure sand suction device and a high-temperature laser head are arranged on the fourth cross beam through a Y-direction sand suction module, and resin printing forming of a local area is achieved; the low-temperature forming chamber is composed of a sand box embedded with a condensation pipe and a lifting system. According to the method, multi-material composite sand mold printing forming can be achieved through rapid identification and subdivision according to the slicing information, the part printing procedure is optimized, and the printing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of multi-material composite printing manufacturing, and in particular to a green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sand 3D printing technology has made significant progress in recent years and has gradually become an important tool for manufacturing complex castings. Its main advantages include high precision, rapid prototyping and reduced material waste. Through 3D printing, designers can create complex geometric shapes that are difficult to achieve with traditional processes, while shortening production cycles and reducing mold making costs. This technology is particularly suitable for small-batch customized product production and manufacturing to meet the needs of different customers. Overall, sand 3D printing has not only improved manufacturing efficiency, but also promoted innovation and change in the foundry industry.

[0003] Resin sand mold printing: Traditional sand mold 3D printing equipment is mostly based on the rapid prototyping process of resin sand casting. The forming process involves the storage, supply, laying, and recycling of molding sand, as well as the on-demand injection of resin binder. This method has problems such as large use of resin binders, serious environmental pollution, and difficulty in sand falling. Frozen sand casting technology: It is a technology that uses water as a binder, freezes the shape in a low-temperature environment, and then obtains the casting by pouring the melt. The castings produced by this technology have high supercooling and good mechanical properties. At the same time, the sand mold naturally collapses under the impact of the high-temperature melt, reducing environmental pollution.

[0004] Green and high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and device features: 1. Environmental protection: This technology uses a large amount of environmentally friendly green water-based binders, and uses the phase change freezing of water to freeze the sand mold, reducing the use of traditional resin binders, thereby reducing the release of irritating gases and reducing the cost of sand recycling.

[0005] 2. Composite mold: The technology can form a composite mold with frozen sand mold as the base and resin sand mold coated inside and outside. This composite mold uses organic binder to bond the resin sand mold part at key positions, which improves the high temperature impact performance and shape and size accuracy of the mold during pouring.

[0006] 3. Performance control: The technology can realize normal and low temperature printing of composite sand molds with various types of sand and multiple categories of binders according to the performance requirements of different areas on the same cross-sectional layer of the target sand mold, and can realize performance control of sand mold parameters such as heat exchange, thermal conductivity, strength, surface hardness, and gas generation.

[0007] 4. Rapid prototyping: 3D printing technology can quickly produce the required castings based on CAD models without the need for traditional mold manufacturing processes, greatly shortening the product development and production cycle.

[0008] 5. Material diversity: 3D printing technology can use a variety of materials, including resins, metals, ceramics, plastics or natural materials, which are stacked to form real functional products.

[0009] In summary, the green, high-efficiency, multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and apparatus is a new manufacturing method that combines traditional casting technology and modern 3D printing technology. It has shown obvious advantages in improving production efficiency, improving product quality, and reducing environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a green, high-efficiency, multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, which can quickly identify and segment according to slicing information to achieve multi-material composite sand mold printing and forming, optimize the printing parts process, and improve printing efficiency.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: it comprises a frame, on which an X-direction sand-laying printing module and an X-direction sand-falling printing module are arranged; The X-direction sand-laying printing module is provided with a Y-direction crossbeam, and a water-based inkjet mechanism is provided on one side of the Y-direction crossbeam through a Y-direction nozzle printing module. The water-based inkjet mechanism can be controlled to move in the Y direction on the Y-direction crossbeam, and the X-direction sand-laying printing module is controlled to move in the X direction along the frame, and the sand-laying printing of each layer is realized through the movement of the Y-direction nozzle printing module and the X-direction sand-laying printing module in two directions; A sand scraping plate and a sand falling box are arranged on the other side of the Y-axis cross beam, a moving cylinder is arranged on both sides of the sand falling box, a sand retaining plate is arranged on the moving cylinder, and a vibration motor is also arranged on the sand falling box, and the opening and closing of the sand falling box and quantitative sand falling are realized through the vibration of the vibration motor and the extension and contraction of the moving cylinder; A beam mounting frame is arranged on the X-direction sand dropping printing module, a beam assembly is arranged on the beam mounting frame, and the beam assembly includes a second beam, a third beam, and a fourth beam; a resin inkjet mechanism is arranged on the second beam through a Y-direction resin nozzle module, a quantitative powder dropping device is arranged on the third beam through a Y-direction quantitative sand dropping module, an ultrasonic vibrator is arranged on the quantitative powder dropping device, and a negative pressure sand suction device and a high-temperature laser head are arranged on the fourth beam through a Y-direction sand suction module.

[0012] Preferably, the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the X-direction sand falling printing module is arranged on a frame outside the X-direction sand laying printing module, and the X-direction sand falling printing module and the X-direction sand laying printing module are arranged in parallel.

[0013] Preferably, in the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, the third beam, the second beam and the fourth beam are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside on the X-direction falling sand printing module.

[0014] Preferably, the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the X-direction sand laying printing module, the X-direction sand falling printing module, the Y-direction water-based nozzle module, the Y-direction quantitative sand falling module, and the Y-direction sand suction module are all ball screw modules.

[0015] Preferably, the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: a sand box surrounding plate is arranged in the middle of the frame, a sand box bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the sand box surrounding plate, a refrigeration condenser is arranged on the inner periphery of the sand box surrounding plate, and an insulation layer is arranged on the sand box surrounding plate.

[0016] Preferably, in the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, a Jiaolong sand removal device is provided on the front side of the surrounding plates of the sand box.

[0017] Preferably, the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: a sand box lifting plate is arranged between the refrigeration condenser tubes, the sand box lifting plate is connected to the sand box lifting assembly, and the sand box lifting assembly includes a guide rod connected to the sand box lifting plate and a servo motor connected to the ball screw lifting mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the negative pressure sand suction device includes a sand suction device and an air compressor, and the air compressor and the sand suction device are connected by a suction nozzle pipe; the quantitative powder dropping device includes a shell and a screen arranged in the powder dropping device in the shell, the screen includes two, and a sand dropping port is arranged on the outside of the shell.

[0019] Preferably, the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the sand box is filled with frozen sand, and the frozen sand is raw sand with a certain water content; the printing liquid of the aqueous inkjet mechanism and the resin inkjet mechanism includes 1%-4% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.125%-0.21% acetylene glycol and 98.875%-95.79% deionized water.

[0020] The present invention also provides a forming process for a green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, comprising the following steps: Step S1. The water-based inkjet mechanism and the resin inkjet mechanism slice the required three-dimensional model of the casting through computer slicing software, and then divide it into thin layer area and other areas according to the shape of the casting. Then, according to the layer information of the slicing process, the printing data of the thin layer area layer is transmitted to the resin inkjet mechanism, and the printing data of the other area layer layer is transmitted to the water-based inkjet mechanism; Step S2. The water-based sand-laying freezing printing is the main part, and the resin sand-laying printing is the auxiliary printing. The water-based sand-laying freezing printing is performed by vibrating the sand-laying box, and the sand-scraping plate flattens the original sand to be printed, and then the water-based inkjet mechanism is used for printing to achieve the water-based sand-laying freezing printing; Step S3. After the water-based sand-laying cryo-printing of a single layer is completed, if there is an area in the layer that needs to be printed with resin, the water of the frozen sand is first locally evaporated by a high-temperature laser head, and then the sand with evaporated water is removed by a negative pressure sand suction device, and then the original sand containing a curing agent is laid, and then the resin sand-laying printing is performed by a resin inkjet mechanism; Step S4. After the resin sanding printing is completed, repeat steps S2 and S3 in a cycle until the printing is completed.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention: (1) The green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and method of the present invention can quickly identify and segment based on the slice information to realize the printing and forming of multi-material composite sand molds, optimize the printing parts process, and improve the printing efficiency; by optimizing the component parameters of the water-based nozzle binder, high-strength sand molds can be prepared, while meeting the requirements for air permeability in the casting process.

[0022] (2) Compared with traditional casting methods, the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and method of the present invention can significantly improve the utilization rate of materials and reduce waste. The technology promotes the development of sand mold additive manufacturing technology towards green, flexible and high-performance manufacturing. The resin and freezing composite additive sand mold printing technology has shown significant advantages in improving production efficiency, reducing costs, improving product quality and design flexibility, bringing new technological innovations to the casting industry.

[0023] (3) The green, high-efficiency, multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of the present invention has fast forming speed, high forming precision, high degree of greenness, wide product adaptability, improved production efficiency, reduced costs, and is more environmentally friendly and green and sustainable, and optimizes the mechanical properties required for different positions of the same component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 A top view of a green, high-efficiency, multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1 like Figure 1-Figure 4 , a green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: it comprises a frame 20, on which an X-direction sand-laying printing module 6 and an X-direction sand-falling printing module 7 are arranged; The X-direction sand-laying printing module 6 is provided with a Y-direction crossbeam 3, and a water-based inkjet mechanism 1 is provided on one side of the Y-direction crossbeam 3 through a Y-direction nozzle printing module 2. The water-based inkjet mechanism 1 can be controlled to move in the Y direction on the Y-direction crossbeam 3, and the X-direction sand-laying printing module 6 is controlled to move in the X direction along the frame 20. The sand-laying printing of each layer is realized by the movement in two directions of the Y-direction nozzle printing module 2 and the X-direction sand-laying printing module 6; A sand scraper 21 and a sand falling box 4 are arranged on the other side of the Y-axis cross beam 3. A motion cylinder 26 is arranged on both sides of the sand falling box 4. A sand retaining plate 27 is arranged on the motion cylinder 26. A vibration motor 25 is also arranged on the sand falling box 4. The opening and closing of the sand falling box 4 and the quantitative sand falling are realized through the vibration of the vibration motor 25 and the extension and contraction of the motion cylinder 26. A beam mounting frame 10 is arranged on the X-direction sand dropping printing module 7, and a beam assembly is arranged on the beam mounting frame 10, and the beam assembly includes a second beam 18, a third beam 19, and a fourth beam 29; the second beam 18 is provided with a resin inkjet mechanism 13 through a Y-direction resin nozzle module 12, the third beam 19 is provided with a quantitative powder dropping device 9 through a Y-direction quantitative sand dropping module 17, and an ultrasonic vibrator 8 is arranged on the quantitative powder dropping device 9, and the fourth beam 29 is provided with a negative pressure sand suction device 14 and a high-temperature laser head 15 through a Y-direction sand suction module 11.

[0030] The X-direction falling sand printing module 7 is arranged on a frame 20 outside the X-direction laying sand printing module 6, and the X-direction falling sand printing module 7 and the X-direction laying sand printing module 6 are arranged in parallel.

[0031] The third crossbeam 19, the second crossbeam 18, and the fourth crossbeam 29 are sequentially arranged on the X-direction sand falling printing module 7 from the inside to the outside; the X-direction sand laying printing module 6, the X-direction sand falling printing module 7, the Y-direction water-based nozzle module 12, the Y-direction quantitative sand falling module 17, and the Y-direction sand suction module 11 are all ball screw modules.

[0032] A sand box surrounding plate 5 is arranged in the middle of the frame 20, a sand box bottom plate 28 is arranged at the bottom of the sand box surrounding plate 5, a refrigeration condenser pipe 22 is arranged on the inner periphery of the sand box surrounding plate 5, and an insulation layer 23 is arranged on the sand box surrounding plate 5; a Jiaolong sand discharge device 16 is arranged on the front side of the sand box surrounding plate 5.

[0033] A sand box lifting plate 30 is arranged between the refrigeration condenser pipe 22, and the sand box lifting plate 30 is connected to the sand box lifting assembly 24, and the sand box lifting assembly 24 includes a guide rod 31 connected to the sand box lifting plate 30 and a servo motor 32 connected to the ball screw lifting mechanism 31; the negative pressure sand suction device 14 includes a sand suction device and an air compressor, and the air compressor is connected to the suction nozzle pipe of the sand suction device; the quantitative powder dropping device 9 includes a shell and a screen in the powder dropping device arranged in the shell, and the screen includes two, A sand dropping port is arranged on the outer side of the shell; the sand dropping box 4 is filled with frozen sand, which is raw sand with a water content of 1% to 8%. During the full-width sand laying and sand scraping printing in the low-temperature forming chamber, it can be quickly cooled and solidified into shape; the printing liquid of the aqueous inkjet mechanism 1 and the resin inkjet mechanism 13 includes 1%-4% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.125%-0.21% acetylene glycol and 98.875%-95.79% deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol increases the viscosity, and acetylene glycol reduces the surface activity, thereby ensuring the strength of the printed frozen sand mold.

[0034] The high-temperature laser head 15 heats the local point to evaporate the surface moisture of the frozen raw sand that needs to be printed with resin in a thin layer area at high temperature, preparing for resin printing; the negative pressure sand suction device 14 includes a sand suction device and an air compressor. The negative pressure sand suction device is connected to the pipeline of the follow-up fixed-point sand suction device through the negative pressure gas generated by the air compressor, and the raw sand in the local thin layer area where the high-temperature moisture evaporates is sucked away through the suction nozzle pipeline with an inner diameter of 1mm, so as to prepare for the subsequent local vibration quantitative sand laying; the quantitative powder dropping device 9 The sand dropping port is a pipe with an inner diameter of 0.5 mm. Two mesh sizes of screens are installed in the powder dropping device. The raw sand mixed with a certain proportion of curing agent is vibrated and screened by an ultrasonic vibrator 8, so that the raw sand mixed with the curing agent can be evenly spread on the thin layer area where resin printing is about to be performed.

[0035] The sand box lifting system includes sand box surrounding plates, sand box lifting plates, Jiaolong sand discharge device and sand box lifting assembly 24. Refrigeration condenser pipes 22 are arranged on the inner periphery of the sand box surrounding plates 5 and the sand box bottom plate 28. The external refrigeration unit continuously transports the cold source to the inner wall of the molding chamber. The sand box bottom plate 28 and the refrigeration condenser pipes 22 are insulated by thermal insulation materials. The sand mold lifting system is used to print layer by layer, so that the sand mold is solidified and formed at low temperature in each layer. The Jiaolong sand discharge device 16 is fixed on the front side of the sand box surrounding plates in the sand laying direction, and the sand box lifting plate is fixedly connected to the sand box lifting assembly. The water-based inkjet mechanism 1 and the resin inkjet mechanism 13 are both Xaar ink supply systems.

[0036] Example 2 A forming process for a green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device comprises the following steps: Step S1. The water-based inkjet mechanism 1 and the resin inkjet mechanism 13 slice the required printed casting three-dimensional model through computer slicing software, and then divide it into thin layer area and other areas according to the casting shape, and then transmit the thin layer area layer printing data to the resin inkjet mechanism 13 according to the layer information of the slicing process, and transmit the other area layer printing data to the water-based inkjet mechanism 1; Step S2. The water-based sand-laying freezing printing is the main part, and the resin sand-laying printing is the auxiliary printing. The water-based sand-laying freezing printing is performed by vibrating the sand-laying box 4, and the scraping plate 21 flattens the original sand to be printed, and then the water-based inkjet mechanism 1 is used for printing to achieve the water-based sand-laying freezing printing; Step S3. After the water-based sand-laying cryo-printing of a single layer is completed, if there is an area in the layer that needs to be printed with resin, the water of the frozen sand is first locally evaporated by the high-temperature laser head 15, and then the sand with evaporated water is removed by the negative pressure sand suction device 14, and then the original sand containing the curing agent is laid, and then the resin sand-laying printing is performed by the resin inkjet mechanism 13; Step S4. After the resin sanding printing is completed, repeat steps S2 and S3 in a cycle until the printing is completed.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green and high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, characterized by: It comprises a frame (20), on which an X-direction sand-laying printing module (6) and an X-direction sand-falling printing module (7) are arranged; The X-direction sand-laying printing module (6) is provided with a Y-direction crossbeam (3), and a water-based inkjet mechanism (1) is provided on one side of the Y-direction crossbeam (3) through a Y-direction nozzle printing module (2). The water-based inkjet mechanism (1) can be controlled to move in the Y direction on the Y-direction crossbeam (3), and the X-direction sand-laying printing module (6) is controlled to move in the X direction along the frame (20). The sand-laying printing of each layer is realized by the movement of the Y-direction nozzle printing module (2) and the X-direction sand-laying printing module (6) in two directions. A sand scraping plate (21) and a sand falling box (4) are arranged on the other side of the Y-axis cross beam (3); a moving cylinder (26) is arranged on both sides of the sand falling box (4); a sand retaining plate (27) is arranged on the moving cylinder (26); a vibration motor (25) is also arranged on the sand falling box (4); and the opening and closing of the sand falling box (4) and quantitative sand falling are achieved through the vibration of the vibration motor (25) and the extension and contraction of the moving cylinder (26); A beam mounting frame (10) is arranged on the X-direction sand dropping printing module (7), and a beam assembly is arranged on the beam mounting frame (10), wherein the beam assembly comprises a second beam (18), a third beam (19), and a fourth beam (29); a resin inkjet mechanism (13) is arranged on the second beam (18) through a Y-direction resin nozzle module (12), a quantitative powder dropping device (9) is arranged on the third beam (19) through a Y-direction quantitative sand dropping module (17), and an ultrasonic vibrator (8) is arranged on the quantitative powder dropping device (9), and a negative pressure sand suction device (14) and a high-temperature laser head (15) are arranged on the fourth beam (29) through a Y-direction sand suction module (11).

2. The green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The X-direction falling sand printing module (7) is arranged on a frame (20) outside the X-direction sand laying printing module (6), and the X-direction falling sand printing module (7) and the X-direction sand laying printing module (6) are arranged in parallel.

3. The green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The third crossbeam (19), the second crossbeam (18), and the fourth crossbeam (29) are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside on the X-direction falling sand printing module (7).

4. The green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-direction sand laying printing module (6), the X-direction sand falling printing module (7), the Y-direction water-based nozzle module (12), the Y-direction quantitative sand falling module (17), and the Y-direction sand suction module (11) are all ball screw modules.

5. The green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sand box surrounding plate (5) is arranged in the middle of the frame (20), a sand box bottom plate (28) is arranged at the bottom of the sand box surrounding plate (5), a refrigeration condenser pipe (22) is arranged on the inner periphery of the sand box surrounding plate (5), and a heat insulation layer (23) is arranged on the sand box surrounding plate (5).

6. The green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A dragon sand discharge device (16) is provided on the front side of the surrounding plates (5) of the sand box.

7. The green and high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sand box lifting plate (30) is arranged between the refrigeration condenser tubes (22), the sand box lifting plate (30) is connected to a sand box lifting assembly (24), and the sand box lifting assembly (24) comprises a guide rod (31) connected to the sand box lifting plate (30) and a servo motor (32) connected to a ball screw lifting mechanism (31).

8. The green and high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure sand suction device (14) comprises a sand suction device and an air compressor, wherein the air compressor and the sand suction device are connected by a suction nozzle pipe; the quantitative powder dropping device (9) comprises a shell and a screen arranged in the powder dropping device in the shell, wherein the screen comprises two screens, and a sand dropping port is arranged on the outer side of the shell.

9. The green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand dropping box (4) contains frozen sand, which is raw sand with a certain water content; the printing liquid of the aqueous inkjet mechanism (1) and the resin inkjet mechanism (13) includes 1%-4% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.125%-0.21% acetylene glycol and 98.875%-95.79% deionized water.

10. A forming process applied to the green and high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. The water-based inkjet mechanism (1) and the resin inkjet mechanism (13) slice the desired three-dimensional model of the casting through computer slicing software, and then divide it into a thin layer area and other areas according to the shape of the casting. Then, according to the layer information of the slicing process, the thin layer area layer printing data is transmitted to the resin inkjet mechanism (13), and the other area layer printing data is transmitted to the water-based inkjet mechanism (1); Step S2. The water-based sand-laying freezing printing is mainly used, and the resin sand-laying printing is used as an auxiliary printing. The water-based sand-laying freezing printing is performed by vibrating the sand-laying box (4), and the sand-scraping plate (21) flattens the original sand to be printed, and then the water-based inkjet mechanism (1) is used for printing, thereby achieving the water-based sand-laying freezing printing; Step S3. After the water-based sand-laying cryo-printing of a single layer is completed, if there is an area in the layer that needs to be printed with resin, the water content of the frozen sand is first locally evaporated by a high-temperature laser head (15), and then the sand from which the water has been evaporated is removed by a negative pressure sand suction device (14), and then the original sand containing a curing agent is laid on top, and then the resin sand-laying printing is performed by a resin inkjet mechanism (13); Step S4. After the resin sanding printing is completed, repeat steps S2 and S3 in a cycle until the printing is completed.

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