Inverted milling special machine and method for railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a special inverted milling machine for railway vehicles, which belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle processing and comprises a milling head, a feeding assembly, at least two load measuring assemblies and a plurality of lifting assemblies. Each lifting assembly is connected with a supporting assembly, the multiple supporting assemblies jointly support the carriage, and the lifting assemblies control the supporting assemblies to ascend and descend so that the carriage can ascend and descend. The load measuring assembly can move to the bottom of the carriage and is used for measuring the flatness of the bottom of the carriage; the milling head is installed on the feeding assembly, the feeding assembly is used for controlling the milling head to move in the three-axis direction, and the cutting end of the milling head is upside-down arranged below the bottom of the carriage and used for machining the bottom of the carriage from bottom to top. The device has the effects that the bottom of the carriage can be conveniently machined, pollution to the carriage is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rail vehicle processing, and in particular to a special inverted milling machine and method for rail vehicles. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing process of rail vehicles, the processing of the bottom of the carriage is a key link, especially the processing of the edge parts of the bottom of the carriage near its corners, which requires very high flatness of this part of the carriage. These areas are usually used to install important structural components, such as connecting frames, bogies, suspension systems, etc., so their flatness directly affects the safety, stability and operating performance of the vehicle. In the prior art, in order to achieve the flatness processing of the bottom of the carriage, the method of flipping the carriage upside down is usually adopted, so that the bottom of the vehicle is facing upward for milling. However, this processing method has many problems.

[0003] First of all, the operation process of turning over a carriage is very complicated and time-consuming. The rail vehicle itself is large in size and weight. Turning over the entire carriage requires a lot of mechanical equipment and human resources, and it is easy to damage the vehicle and equipment during the operation. In addition, turning over a vehicle also requires a high space requirement for the production line, occupying a large space.

[0004] Secondly, the flipping processing method has the risk of contamination inside the car. When seats, floors and other related accessories have been installed inside the car, turning the car upside down will cause debris and metal powder generated during the processing to enter the car. Once these debris enter the gaps between parts such as seats and floors, it will make cleaning difficult. Therefore, the existing inverted processing method has the problems of complex operation, processing pollution, low efficiency and large space occupation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to facilitate the processing of the bottom of a carriage, reduce pollution to the carriage, and improve processing efficiency, the present application provides a special inverted milling machine and method for rail vehicles.

[0006] The present application provides a special inverted milling machine for rail vehicles, which adopts the following technical solution: A special inverted milling machine for rail vehicles, comprising a milling head, a feed assembly, at least two load measuring assemblies and a plurality of lifting assemblies; Each of the lifting components is connected to a supporting component, and a plurality of the supporting components jointly support the carriage. The lifting component controls the lifting and lowering of the supporting components to lift the carriage; The load measuring assembly can be moved to the bottom of the carriage, and the load measuring assembly is used to measure the flatness of the bottom of the carriage; The milling head is mounted on the feed assembly, and the feed assembly is used to control the movement of the milling head along three axes. The cutting end of the milling head is inverted upward under the bottom of the carriage, and is used to process the bottom of the carriage from bottom to top.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution and designing the lifting components and supporting components, the carriage does not need to be flipped. It only needs to be supported and raised to a suitable height through lifting control to process the bottom. This greatly reduces the operational difficulty and potential safety risks caused by flipping, simplifies the processing process, improves production efficiency, and because there is no need to flip the vehicle, the floor space of the entire processing equipment is reduced, saving production space.

[0008] The milling head is controlled by the feed assembly and installed upside down under the bottom of the car body. It processes from the bottom up, preventing machining debris from entering the interior of the car body. This design not only reduces the risk of contamination, but also ensures the cleanliness of subsequent vehicle assembly and improves the process quality.

[0009] By introducing the load measurement component, the stress distribution or load distribution at the bottom of the car body can be accurately measured before processing, the uneven area can be determined, a basis for processing can be provided, and an efficient combination of detection and processing can be achieved, further improving production efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, it further comprises a mounting platform, the number of the lifting assemblies is four, each two of the lifting assemblies form a group, the two groups of lifting assemblies are respectively located on one side of the mounting platform, the two lifting assemblies in the same group are respectively located at one end of the mounting platform, and the lifting assemblies are slidably connected to the mounting platform; A first slide rail is installed on the mounting platform, and the first slide rail is located between the two groups of lifting assemblies. The feeding assembly and the load measuring assembly are both slidably arranged on the first slide rail.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the four lifting assemblies are divided into two groups, and the two lifting assemblies in each group are located at both ends of the mounting platform, thereby providing more uniform support for the carriage and ensuring the stability and levelness of the rail vehicle during the lifting process.

[0012] The lifting assembly is slidably connected to the mounting table, so that the lifting assembly can be adjusted according to the length of different carriages to adapt to vehicles of different sizes. In addition, the feed assembly and load measurement assembly of the milling head are both arranged on the same first slide rail, and the movement of the two can be more synchronized and accurate. After the measurement is completed, the milling head can be quickly and accurately moved to the corresponding position for processing, avoiding errors caused by repositioning, which helps to improve the processing accuracy.

[0013] Optionally, the lifting assembly includes a column, a lifting seat is slidably provided on the column, the lifting seat is connected to the supporting assembly, the column is also provided with a first servo drive unit for driving the lifting seat to move along the Z-axis direction, a second slide rail is provided on the mounting platform, the column is slidably provided on the second slide rail, the second slide rail is provided with a first rack along its length direction, the column is rotatably provided with a first gear, the first gear is meshed with the first rack, and the first gear is driven by a motor.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor drives the first gear to rotate to realize the movement of the column along the second slide rail, and the first servo drive unit drives the lifting seat to rise and fall, thereby realizing the lifting and falling of the support assembly, thereby realizing the lifting and falling of the carriage.

[0015] Optionally, the support assembly includes a support base, which is slidably connected to the lifting base, and the support base can move in a direction away from the support base. The support base is provided with a helical rack along its length direction, and the lifting base is rotatably connected to a helical gear, which supports the helical rack and the two are meshed with each other, and the helical gear is driven by a motor.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the support seat can slide on the lifting seat, and the movement away from or close to the lifting seat enables the device to support carriages of different widths. The movement of the helical rack and the support seat is achieved by the rotation of the helical gear. There is a large contact area between the helical rack and the helical gear, which can disperse the stress and load in the transmission, reduce the wear caused by excessive local force, and improve the load-bearing capacity of the equipment when supporting and lifting the carriage, so that the equipment can operate efficiently for a long time and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0017] Optionally, the feeding assembly includes a gantry, the gantry can be moved to the bottom of the carriage, that is, the gantry can be moved along the Y-axis direction, a first moving seat is movably provided on the gantry, the first moving seat is provided with a first driving unit for controlling its movement along the X-axis direction, a second moving seat is movably provided on the first moving seat, the first moving seat is provided with a second driving unit for controlling the second moving seat to move along the Z-axis direction, and the milling cutter head is installed on the second moving seat; The two sides of the gantry are rotatably connected with driving gears, a limiting beam is arranged on the mounting platform, a driving rack is built in the limiting beam, one side of the driving gear is located in the gantry, and the other side extends into the limiting beam and meshes with the driving rack, and the driving gear is driven by a motor built in the gantry.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the limiting beam and the built-in drive rack makes the overall structure more compact, further reducing the occupied space, and at the same time can reduce the entry of debris into the meshing area of ​​the drive rack and the drive gear, reducing the meshing failure caused by foreign matter blockage, and the built-in motor also ensures that the motor is not contaminated by debris, thereby increasing the service life.

[0019] Optionally, a tooth groove is provided on the side of the gantry facing the first movable seat, the first driving unit includes a second gear, the second gear is rotatably connected to the first movable seat, the second gear is meshed with the tooth groove, the second gear is driven by a motor built into the first movable seat, a protective cover is installed on the gantry, the protective cover is located above the tooth groove and covers the tooth groove, and the first movable seat is slidably connected to the protective cover.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the second gear cooperates with the tooth groove, and the rotation of the second gear can make the first movable seat drive the milling head to move along the X-axis direction. The gantry can drive the milling head along the Y-axis to enter under the car by moving the driving wheel.

[0021] The motor and its drive system are enclosed in the first moving seat to prevent debris and dust from entering the motor during the inverted milling process, reducing the pollution to the motor and the transmission shaft. The protective cover covers the tooth groove, effectively preventing the chips and dust generated during the processing from entering the tooth groove, and avoiding the meshing area between the gear and the tooth groove from being polluted. This not only reduces the meshing failure caused by foreign matter blocking the gear, but also reduces the wear of the tooth groove, so that the equipment can maintain an efficient working state during long-term operation and reduce the maintenance frequency.

[0022] Optionally, the second driving unit includes a guide rail, which is mounted on the first moving seat, the guide rail is arranged along the Z-axis direction, the second moving seat is slidably arranged on the guide rail, the guide rail is rotatably connected to a first lead screw, the first lead screw is threadedly connected to the second moving seat, a first motor is mounted on the first moving seat, the first motor is connected to the first lead screw, the first lead screw is located below the second moving seat, a telescopic sleeve is mounted on the guide rail, the telescopic sleeve is located above the second moving seat, and the telescopic sleeve covers the first lead screw.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the first motor drives the first screw to rotate, so that the second movable seat and the milling cutter head can move along the Z-axis direction. During the rising / falling process of the second movable seat, the telescopic sleeve can retract / extend with the second movable seat.

[0024] The telescopic sleeve covers the top of the first lead screw, effectively preventing metal chips, dust and other debris generated during the inverted milling process from falling onto the lead screw, greatly reducing problems such as wear on the lead screw meshing surface, poor transmission and even jamming, avoiding equipment failure due to debris contamination, and significantly extending the service life of the equipment.

[0025] Optionally, the load measurement component includes a mobile platform, a lifting platform is arranged on the mobile platform, the lifting platform is driven by a second servo drive unit, detection heads are arranged on the lifting platform opposite to two sides of the bottom of the carriage, and the mobile platform can be moved to the bottom of the carriage.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the two detection heads are driven to rise synchronously through the second servo drive unit. Each detection head corresponds to the detection position on one side of the bottom of the car. After each detection head contacts the bottom of the car, it will detect the pressure. If one detection head contacts first and the other has not yet contacted, the system can reflect the difference between the two in real time and judge whether there is any unevenness on the bottom of the car. Even if the two detection heads are in contact, but the forces are different, the pressure data will show that there may be slight bumps on the bottom of the car. Through real-time data feedback, the system can judge the flatness of the bottom of the car, and then provide data for subsequent processing.

[0027] The present application also provides a special inverted milling machine for rail vehicles using the following technical solution: A method for inverted milling of a rail vehicle, applied to the above-mentioned inverted milling machine for rail vehicles, comprises the following steps: Transport carriages to processing areas; Lift the carriage and evacuate the transport; Keeping the carriage lifted, the load detection assembly moves to the bottom of the carriage to perform a flatness test; Remove the load detection assembly and transport the milling cutter to the bottom of the carriage for flatness processing; The milling cutter is evacuated, the transport tool enters under the carriage, the carriage is lowered onto the transport tool, and the carriage exits the processing area.

[0028] Optionally, the load detection assembly, the milling cutter and the transport tool always move in the same straight line direction, and the two ends of the processing area are the first waiting area and the second waiting area; The transport vehicle passes through the second waiting area and transports the carriage to the processing area, at which time the load detection assembly and the milling cutter are waiting in the first waiting area, and the milling cutter is away from the processing area relative to the load detection assembly; During the inspection, the load detection component passes through the processing area and inspects the corresponding parts of the bottom of the carriage at the same time. After the inspection is completed, the load detection component stays in the second waiting area; During processing, the milling cutter passes through the processing area and processes the corresponding parts of the bottom of the carriage at the same time. After the processing is completed, the milling cutter returns to the first waiting area, and then the load detection component returns to the first waiting area, and the transportation tool passes through the second waiting area and enters the processing area; The carriage is lowered onto a transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle drives the carriage out of the processing area and the second waiting area in sequence.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the load detection component, milling cutter and transport tool always move in the same straight line, which can maximize the optimization of the entire detection and processing process, reduce the mutual interference between components and the waiting time on the moving path. The design of the processing area is equipped with a first waiting area and a second waiting area, so that the detection component and the milling cutter can wait in order at different stages, greatly improving the continuity and efficiency of the process while reducing the occupied space.

[0030] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By designing the lifting components and supporting components, the carriage does not need to be flipped. It only needs to be supported and raised to a suitable height through the lifting control to process the bottom. This greatly reduces the operational difficulty and potential safety risks caused by flipping, simplifies the processing process, improves production efficiency, and because there is no need to flip the vehicle, the floor space of the entire processing equipment is reduced, saving production space; 2. The milling head is controlled by the feed assembly and installed upside down under the bottom of the car body. It processes from bottom to top, preventing machining debris from entering the interior of the car body. This design not only reduces the risk of contamination, but also ensures the cleanliness of subsequent vehicle assembly and improves the process quality. 3. The motor and its drive system are enclosed in the first moving seat to prevent debris and dust from entering the motor during the inverted milling process, reducing the pollution to the motor and the transmission shaft. The protective cover covers the tooth groove, effectively preventing the chips and dust generated during the processing from entering the tooth groove, and avoiding the meshing area between the gear and the tooth groove from being contaminated. This not only reduces the meshing failure caused by foreign matter blocking the gear, but also reduces the wear of the tooth groove, so that the equipment can maintain an efficient working state during long-term operation and reduce the maintenance frequency; 4. The design of the telescopic sleeve effectively prevents metal chips, dust and other debris generated during the inverted milling process from falling onto the lead screw, greatly reducing problems such as wear on the lead screw meshing surface, poor transmission and even jamming, avoiding equipment failure due to debris contamination and significantly extending the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram used to reflect the lifting assembly and the supporting assembly in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first servo drive unit used to embody the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the helical gear used in the embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding assembly used to embody the embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving rack and the driving gear used in the embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first driving unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged portion B.

[0040] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a load measurement component used to reflect an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. mounting table; 11. first slide rail; 12. limiting beam; 121. driving rack; 2. lifting assembly; 21. column; 22. second slide rail; 23. first rack; 24. first gear; 25. lifting seat; 26. first servo drive unit; 3. supporting assembly; 31. supporting seat; 32. bevel rack; 33. bevel gear; 4. load measuring assembly; 41. moving table; 42. lifting table; 43. second servo drive unit; 44. detection head; 5. feeding assembly; 51. gantry; 511. maintenance platform; 512. tooth groove; 513. driving gear; 52. first moving seat; 53. second moving seat; 6. milling head; 7. first drive unit; 71. second gear; 72. protective cover; 8. second drive unit; 81. guide rail; 82. first lead screw; 83. first motor; 84. telescopic sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following is combined with Figure 1-10 This application is described in further detail.

[0043] The embodiment of the present application discloses a special inverted milling machine for rail vehicles.

[0044] like Figure 1 The inverted milling machine for rail vehicles includes a mounting platform 1, wherein the length direction of the mounting platform 1 is defined as the Y-axis direction, and the width direction of the mounting platform 1 is defined as the X-axis direction. Four lifting assemblies 2 are arranged on the mounting platform 1, and the four lifting assemblies 2 are divided into two groups, wherein the two groups of lifting assemblies 2 are respectively located on one side of the mounting platform 1, and the two lifting assemblies 2 of the same group are respectively located at one end of the mounting platform 1, and the lifting assemblies 2 are all slidably connected to the mounting platform 1, and the lifting assemblies 2 can move along the Y-axis direction.

[0045] Each lifting assembly 2 is connected to a supporting assembly 3. The lifting assembly 2 is used to drive the supporting assembly 3 to rise and fall. The four supporting assemblies 3 support the carriage together. A first slide rail 11 is provided on the mounting platform 1. The first slide rail 11 is provided along the length direction of the mounting platform 1 and extends from both ends of the mounting platform 1. The first slide rail 11 is located between the two sets of lifting assemblies 2.

[0046] A feed assembly 5 and two load measuring assemblies 4 are slidably arranged on the first slide rail 11, and limiting beams 12 are arranged on both sides of the first slide rail 11 for limiting the deviation of the feed assembly 5 and the load measuring assembly 4 during movement. The load measuring assembly 4 can be moved to the bottom of the carriage, and the load measuring assembly 4 is used to measure the flatness of the bottom of the carriage. A milling head 6 is installed on the feed assembly 5, and the feed assembly 5 is used to control the movement of the milling head 6 along three axes (X axis, Y axis and Z axis), and the cutting end of the milling head 6 is inverted upward under the bottom of the carriage, and is used to process the bottom of the carriage from bottom to top.

[0047] The transport vehicle transports the carriage to the mounting platform 1 through the first slide rail 11, and then the lifting assembly 2 controls the support assembly 3 to lift, thereby lifting the carriage and separating it from the transport vehicle. The transport vehicle then withdraws from the mounting platform 1, and the load measurement assembly 4 moves along the first slide rail 11 to the bottom of the carriage, and performs a flatness test on the parts of the bottom of the carriage near its corners on both sides, and feeds back the data to the system, which confirms the parts and the amount of trimming that need to be performed. The load measurement assembly 4 then withdraws from the mounting platform 1, and the feed assembly 5 drives the milling head 6 into the mounting platform 1 and is located under the carriage, and then under the control of the feed assembly 5, the milling head 6 trims the bottom of the carriage. After the trimming is completed, the feed assembly 5 withdraws from the mounting platform 1, and the transport vehicle re-enters the mounting platform 1, and the lifting assembly 2 controls the support assembly 3 to fall, so that the carriage falls back on the transport vehicle and is transported out of the mounting platform 1.

[0048] By designing the lifting assembly 2 and the supporting assembly 3, the carriage does not need to be flipped over. The bottom can be processed by supporting and raising the carriage to a suitable height through the lifting assembly 2. This greatly reduces the operational difficulty and potential safety risks caused by flipping, simplifies the processing process, improves production efficiency, and because there is no need to flip the vehicle, the floor space of the entire processing equipment is reduced, saving production space.

[0049] The milling head 6 is controlled by the feed assembly 5 and is installed upside down under the bottom of the car body, and processes from bottom to top, preventing processing debris from entering the interior of the car body. This design not only reduces the risk of pollution, but also ensures the cleanliness of subsequent vehicle assembly and improves the process quality.

[0050] By introducing the load measurement component 4, the stress distribution or load distribution at the bottom of the car body can be accurately measured before processing, the uneven area can be determined, a basis for processing can be provided, and an efficient combination of detection and processing can be achieved, thereby further improving production efficiency.

[0051] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The lifting assembly 2 includes a column 21 and a second slide rail 22. The second slide rail 22 is installed at one end of the mounting platform 1. The column 21 is slidably arranged on the second slide rail 22. The second slide rail 22 is provided with a first rack 23 along its length. The column 21 is rotatably provided with a first gear 24. The first gear 24 meshes with the first rack 23. The first gear 24 is driven by a motor. The first gear 24 is located at the bottom of the column 21. The motor is invertedly installed at the bottom of the column 21 and is coaxially fixed with the first gear 24.

[0052] The column 21 is slidably connected to the lifting seat 25 through the slide rail and the slide seat, and the lifting seat 25 is connected to the support assembly 3. The column 21 is also provided with a first servo drive unit 26 for driving the lifting seat 25 to move along the Z-axis direction. The first servo drive unit 26 includes a motor and a lead screw. The motor is installed on the top of the column 21. The lead screw is arranged along the Z-axis direction, and the lifting seat 25 is threadedly connected with the lead screw. A fastening bolt (not shown in the figure) can also be provided on the column 21 to manually lock the column 21 on the second slide rail 22.

[0053] like Figure 5 The support assembly 3 includes a support seat 31, which is inserted into the lifting seat 25, and one end of the support seat 31 extends out of the lifting seat 25. The lifting seat 25 is slidably connected to the lifting seat 25 through a slider and a slide rail. The support seat 31 can move away from / close to the support seat 31. A bevel rack 32 is provided on one side of the support seat 31 along its length direction. The lifting seat 25 is rotatably connected to a bevel gear 33, which supports the bevel rack 32 and the two are meshed with each other. The bevel gear 33 is driven by a motor, which is installed on one side of the lifting seat 25 and is coaxially connected to the bevel gear 33.

[0054] The motor drives the first gear 24 to rotate to move the column 21 along the second slide rail 22, and the first servo drive unit 26 drives the lifting seat 25 to move up and down, thereby achieving the lifting and lowering of the support assembly 3, thereby achieving the lifting and lowering of the carriage.

[0055] The support base 31 can slide on the lifting base 25, and move away from or close to the lifting base 25, so that the device can support cars of different widths. The movement of the bevel rack 32 and the support base 31 is achieved by the rotation of the bevel gear 33. There is a large contact area between the bevel rack 32 and the bevel gear 33, which can disperse the stress and load in the transmission, reduce the wear caused by excessive local force, and improve the load-bearing capacity of the device when supporting and lifting the car, so that the device can operate efficiently for a long time and extend the service life of the device.

[0056] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 The feeding assembly 5 includes a gantry 51, which can be moved to the bottom of the carriage through a driving wheel, that is, the gantry 51 can move along the Y-axis direction, and both sides of the gantry 51 are in contact with the limiting beam 12 on the same side; The two sides of the gantry 51 are rotatably connected with a driving gear 513, and the limiting beam 12 has a built-in driving rack 121. One side of the driving gear 513 is located in the gantry 51, and the other side extends into the limiting beam 12 and meshes with the driving gear 513. The driving gear 513 is driven by a motor built into the gantry 51; A first movable seat 52 is movably arranged on the gantry 51, and the first movable seat 52 is provided with a first driving unit 7 for controlling its movement along the X-axis direction. A second movable seat 53 is movably arranged on the first movable seat 52, and the first movable seat 52 is provided with a second driving unit 8 for controlling the second movable seat 53 to move along the Z-axis direction. The milling head 6 is installed on the second movable seat 53. A maintenance platform 511 is installed at the bottom of the gantry 51, and maintenance personnel can stand on the maintenance platform 511 to regularly clean up the debris on the gantry 51.

[0057] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A tooth groove 512 is provided on one side of the gantry 51 facing the first movable seat 52, and the tooth groove 512 passes through to the top of the gantry 51, and the tooth groove 512 is arranged along the X-axis direction. The first driving unit 7 includes a second gear 71, and the second gear 71 is rotatably connected to the first movable seat 52. The second gear 71 is partially located in the first movable seat 52 and partially extends out of the first movable seat 52. The part of the second gear 71 extending out of the first movable seat 52 is meshed with the tooth groove 512, and the second gear 71 is driven by a motor built into the first movable seat 52. A protective cover 72 is installed on the top of the gantry 51, and the protective cover 72 is extended along the X-axis direction. The protective cover 72 is located above the tooth groove 512 and covers the tooth groove 512, and the first movable seat 52 is slidably connected to the protective cover 72.

[0058] The second driving unit 8 includes a guide rail 81, which is mounted on the first moving seat 52. The guide rail 81 is arranged on the side of the first moving seat 52 away from the tooth groove 512, and the guide rail 81 extends along the Y-axis direction. The second moving seat 53 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 81. The top of the guide rail 81 is rotatably connected with two first lead screws 82, which are arranged parallel to the guide rail 81. The first lead screws 82 pass through the second moving seat 53 and are threadedly connected. Each first lead screw 82 is coaxially connected with a first motor 83, which is fixed on the first moving seat 52 and located below the second moving seat 53. Two telescopic sleeves 84 are installed on the top of the guide rail 81. The telescopic sleeves 84 correspond to the first lead screws 82 one by one, and the telescopic sleeves 84 are located above the second moving seat 53. The telescopic sleeves 84 cover the corresponding first lead screws 82 and are connected to the top of the second moving seat 53.

[0059] The second gear 71 cooperates with the tooth groove 512. The rotation of the second gear 71 can make the first movable seat 52 drive the milling head 6 to move along the X-axis direction. The gantry 51 can drive the milling head 6 to enter the bottom of the car along the Y-axis by moving the driving wheel.

[0060] The motor and its drive system are enclosed in the first movable seat 52, preventing debris and dust from entering the motor during inverted milling, thereby reducing pollution to the motor and the transmission shaft. The protective cover 72 covers the tooth groove 512, effectively preventing chips, dust, etc. generated during the processing from entering the tooth groove 512, and preventing the meshing area between the gear and the tooth groove 512 from being contaminated. This not only reduces the meshing failure of the gear caused by foreign matter blocking, but also reduces the wear of the tooth groove 512, so that the equipment can maintain an efficient working state during long-term operation and reduce the maintenance frequency.

[0061] The first motor 83 drives the first lead screw 82 to rotate, so that the second movable seat 53 and the milling head 6 can move along the Z-axis direction. During the rising / falling process of the second movable seat 53, the telescopic sleeve 84 can retract / extend with the second movable seat 53.

[0062] The telescopic sleeve 84 covers the top of the first lead screw 82, effectively preventing metal chips, dust and other debris generated during the inverted milling process from falling onto the lead screw, greatly reducing problems such as wear on the lead screw meshing surface, poor transmission and even jamming, avoiding equipment failure due to debris contamination, and significantly extending the service life of the equipment.

[0063] like Fig.10The load measurement assembly 4 includes a moving platform 41, a lifting platform 42 is arranged on the moving platform 41, and the lifting platform 42 is driven by a second servo drive unit 43. The second servo drive unit 43 includes a motor, a lead screw and a nut seat. The nut seat is fixed on the lifting platform 42, the motor is installed on the moving platform 41, the lead screw is connected to the motor, and the lead screw is threadedly connected to the nut seat. The moving platform 41 moves on the first slide rail 11 through the driving wheel, and the two sides of the moving platform 41 are respectively in contact with the limiting beam 12 on the same side.

[0064] Two detection heads 44 are provided on the mobile platform 41, and the two detection heads 44 are respectively opposite to the two sides of the bottom of the carriage. The detection heads 44 are fixed on different parts of the mobile platform 41 by manual replacement to meet the detection of carriages of different widths. The mobile platform 41 can be moved to the bottom of the carriage. The four corners of the lifting platform 42 are threadedly connected with tightening screws for limiting the movement of the mobile platform 41, and the lifting platform 42 is always located above the limiting beam 12, and the width of the lifting platform 42 is greater than the spacing between the two limiting beams 12.

[0065] The detection head 44 has a built-in high-precision pressure sensor that can sense and feedback pressure data in real time when in contact with the bottom of the car. It can detect tiny pressure differences to ensure that subtle changes in flatness can be judged. The detection head 44 also has a built-in data transmission module to transmit pressure and other detection data to the main control system or computer equipment for subsequent calculation and judgment.

[0066] The two detection heads 44 are driven to rise synchronously by the second servo drive unit 43. Each detection head 44 corresponds to the detection position on one side of the bottom of the car. After each detection head 44 contacts the bottom of the car, it will detect the pressure. If one detection head 44 contacts first and the other has not yet contacted, the system can reflect the difference between the two in real time and judge whether there is any unevenness on the bottom of the car. Even if the two detection heads 44 are in contact, but the forces are different, the pressure data will show that there may be slight unevenness on the bottom of the car. Through real-time data feedback, the system can judge the flatness of the bottom of the car, and then provide data for subsequent processing.

[0067] The embodiment of the present application also provides an inverted milling method for a rail vehicle.

[0068] The inverted milling method for rail vehicles includes: the load measuring component 4, the milling head 6 and the transportation tool always move along the same straight line direction, and the inverted milling processing site is divided into a processing area, a first waiting area and a second waiting area, and the first waiting area and the second waiting area are located at both ends of the processing area.

[0069] And, the inverted milling method for a rail vehicle comprises the following steps: S1, the transport vehicle transports the carriage, the transport vehicle passes through the second waiting area and transports the carriage to the processing area, at this time, the load measurement component 4 and the milling head 6 are waiting in the first waiting area, and the milling head 6 is far away from the processing area relative to the load measurement component 4; S2, the lifting assembly 2 drives the supporting assembly 3 to lift, lifts the carriage, and the transport vehicle withdraws from the processing area and the second waiting area in turn; S3, keeping the carriage lifted, the load measuring assembly 4 moves to the bottom of the carriage to perform a flatness test. During the test, the load measuring assembly 4 passes through the processing area and simultaneously tests the corresponding parts of the bottom of the carriage. After the test is completed, the load measuring assembly 4 stays in the second waiting area; S4, transport the milling head 6 to the bottom of the carriage for flatness processing. During the processing, the milling head passes through the processing area and processes the corresponding parts of the bottom of the carriage at the same time. After the processing is completed, the milling head 6 returns to the first waiting area, and then the load measurement component 4 returns to the first waiting area; S5. The transport vehicle enters the processing area through the second waiting area, and the carriage is dropped onto the transport vehicle. The transport vehicle drives the carriage to withdraw from the processing area and the second waiting area in sequence.

[0070] By always moving the load measurement component 4, the milling head 6 and the transport tool in the same straight line, the entire inspection and processing process can be optimized to the maximum extent, reducing the mutual interference between the components and the waiting time on the moving path. The design of the processing area is equipped with a first waiting area and a second waiting area, so that the load measurement component 4 and the milling head 6 can wait in order at different stages, greatly improving the continuity and efficiency of the process while reducing the occupied space.

[0071] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A special inverted milling machine for rail vehicles, characterized in that: It comprises a milling head (6), a feeding assembly (5), at least two load measuring assemblies (4) and a plurality of lifting assemblies (2); Each of the lifting components (2) is connected to a supporting component (3), and a plurality of the supporting components (3) jointly support the carriage. The lifting component (2) controls the lifting and lowering of the supporting components (3) to cause the carriage to rise and fall; The load measuring assembly (4) can be moved to the bottom of the carriage, and the load measuring assembly (4) is used to measure the flatness of the bottom of the carriage; The milling head (6) is mounted on the feed assembly (5), and the feed assembly (5) is used to control the movement of the milling head (6) along three axes, and the cutting end of the milling head (6) is inverted upward under the bottom of the carriage, so as to process the bottom of the carriage from bottom to top.

2. The inverted milling machine for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a mounting platform (1), the number of the lifting assemblies (2) is four, two of the lifting assemblies (2) form a group, the two groups of lifting assemblies (2) are respectively located on one side of the mounting platform (1), the two lifting assemblies (2) in the same group are respectively located at one end of the mounting platform (1), and the lifting assemblies (2) are slidably connected to the mounting platform (1); A first slide rail (11) is installed on the mounting platform (1), and the first slide rail (11) is located between the two groups of lifting assemblies (2). The feeding assembly (5) and the load measuring assembly (4) are both slidably arranged on the first slide rail (11).

3. The inverted milling machine for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (2) comprises a column (21), a lifting seat (25) is slidably arranged on the column (21), the lifting seat (25) is connected to the supporting assembly (3), and a first servo drive unit (26) for driving the lifting seat (25) to move along the Z-axis direction is also arranged on the column (21), a second slide rail (22) is arranged on the mounting platform (1), the column (21) is slidably arranged on the second slide rail (22), the second slide rail (22) is provided with a first rack (23) along its length direction, and a first gear (24) is rotatably arranged on the column (21), the first gear (24) is meshed with the first rack (23), and the first gear (24) is driven by a motor.

4. The inverted milling machine for rail vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support assembly (3) comprises a support seat (31), the support seat (31) is slidably connected to the lifting seat (25), the support seat (31) can move in a direction away from the support seat (31), the support seat (31) is provided with a bevel rack (32) along its length direction, the lifting seat (25) is rotatably connected with a bevel gear (33), the bevel gear (33) supports the bevel rack (32) and the two are meshed with each other, and the bevel gear (33) is driven by a motor.

5. The inverted milling machine for rail vehicles according to any one of claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (5) comprises a gantry (51), the gantry (51) can be moved to the bottom of the carriage, that is, the gantry (51) can be moved along the Y-axis direction, a first movable seat (52) is movably arranged on the gantry (51), the first movable seat (52) is provided with a first driving unit (7) for controlling the movement thereof along the X-axis direction, a second movable seat (53) is movably arranged on the first movable seat (52), the first movable seat (52) is provided with a second driving unit (8) for controlling the movement of the second movable seat (53) along the Z-axis direction, and the milling cutter head is mounted on the second movable seat (53); The two sides of the gantry (51) are rotatably connected with driving gears (513); a limit beam (12) is arranged on the mounting platform (1); a driving rack (121) is built into the limit beam (12); one side of the driving gear (513) is located in the gantry (51); the other side extends into the limit beam (12) and meshes with the driving rack (121); the driving gear (513) is driven by a motor built into the gantry (51).

6. The inverted milling machine for rail vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: A tooth groove (512) is provided on one side of the gantry (51) facing the first movable seat (52); the first driving unit (7) comprises a second gear (71); the second gear (71) is rotatably connected to the first movable seat (52); the second gear (71) is meshed with the tooth groove (512); the second gear (71) is driven by a motor built into the first movable seat (52); a protective cover (72) is installed on the gantry (51); the protective cover (72) is located above the tooth groove (512) and covers the tooth groove (512); the first movable seat (52) is slidably connected to the protective cover (72).

7. The inverted milling machine for rail vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second driving unit (8) comprises a guide rail (81), wherein the guide rail (81) is mounted on the first movable seat (52), the guide rail (81) is arranged along the Z-axis direction, the second movable seat (53) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (81), the guide rail (81) is rotatably connected with a first lead screw (82), the first lead screw (82) is threadedly connected to the second movable seat (53), a first motor (83) is mounted on the first movable seat (52), the first motor (83) is connected to the first lead screw (82), the first lead screw (82) is located below the second movable seat (53), a telescopic sleeve (84) is mounted on the guide rail (81), the telescopic sleeve (84) is located above the second movable seat (53), and the telescopic sleeve (84) covers the first lead screw (82).

8. The inverted milling machine for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The load measurement assembly (4) comprises a moving platform (41), a lifting platform (42) is arranged on the moving platform (41), the lifting platform (42) is driven by a second servo drive unit (43), a detection head (44) is arranged on the lifting platform (42) opposite to two sides of the bottom of the carriage, and the moving platform (41) can be moved to the bottom of the carriage.

9. An inverted milling method for a rail vehicle, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Transport carriages to processing areas; Lift the carriage and evacuate the transport; Keeping the carriage lifted, the load detection assembly moves to the bottom of the carriage to perform a flatness test; Remove the load detection assembly and transport the milling cutter to the bottom of the carriage for flatness processing; The milling cutter is evacuated, the transport tool enters under the carriage, the carriage is lowered onto the transport tool, and the carriage exits the processing area.

10. The inverted milling method for a rail vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The load detection assembly, the milling cutter and the transport tool always move along the same straight line, and the two ends of the processing area are the first waiting area and the second waiting area; The transport vehicle passes through the second waiting area and transports the carriage to the processing area, at which time the load detection assembly and the milling cutter are waiting in the first waiting area, and the milling cutter is away from the processing area relative to the load detection assembly; During the inspection, the load detection component passes through the processing area and inspects the corresponding parts of the bottom of the carriage at the same time. After the inspection is completed, the load detection component stays in the second waiting area; During processing, the milling cutter passes through the processing area and processes the corresponding parts of the bottom of the carriage at the same time. After the processing is completed, the milling cutter returns to the first waiting area, and then the load detection component returns to the first waiting area, and the transportation tool passes through the second waiting area and enters the processing area; The carriage is lowered onto a transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle drives the carriage out of the processing area and the second waiting area in sequence.

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