Cutting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting device, and relates to the technical field of metal cutting, the cutting device comprises a switching assembly, a first nozzle assembly, a height adjusting assembly and a controller, the height adjusting assembly can at least emit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to materials, and therefore a detection area is formed on the peripheral side of a first nozzle; the height adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the height of the detection area and obtaining a first spacing distance L from the height adjusting assembly to the detection area, the controller is at least connected with the height adjusting assembly, and the controller can adjust a second spacing distance # imgabs0 # between the first nozzle and the detection area under the condition that the first spacing distance L is obtained. According to the cutting device, the first spacing distance L of the next position can be obtained through the height adjusting assembly, so that the height of the cutting device can be adjusted in real time along with the moving action in the cutting process, and the efficiency of the cutting process is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal cutting, in particular to a cutting device. Background Art

[0002] Flame cutting is a metal cutting process based on high-temperature oxidation reaction, which is mainly suitable for processing high-iron materials such as carbon steel and low-alloy steel. Flame cutting forms a high-temperature flame through the mixed combustion of combustible gas and oxygen. After the local temperature of the material reaches the ignition point, the material is separated with the help of high-speed oxygen flow.

[0003] Laser and flame composite cutting is an innovative process that combines the high precision of laser with the high efficiency of flame cutting, and is suitable for the processing of medium and thick plates. The composite cutting process usually uses a laser beam to preheat the surface of the material so that the local temperature of the material quickly reaches the ignition point, and then the cutting is completed through the oxidation reaction of flame cutting and high-pressure oxygen flow. The high energy density of the laser ensures that the starting point of the incision is formed quickly, while the oxidation reaction of flame cutting provides continuous heat support, thereby achieving efficient and high-quality cutting.

[0004] Whether it is a flame cutting process or a laser and flame composite cutting process, the distance between the cutting head and the material surface will affect the quality and safety of the cutting process, so the cutting device is usually equipped with a height adjustment component to adjust the distance between the cutting head and the material surface. Most existing flame cutting devices use a contact design. This type of height adjustment component relies on pressure detection to adjust the distance between the nozzle and the material. However, the height adjustment component using a contact design is limited by the flatness of the material surface and has poor adjustment accuracy.

[0005] At present, some laser cutting devices will be equipped with a capacitor height adjustment component at the nozzle, which adjusts the distance between the cutting head and the material surface by detecting the potential change of the capacitor. However, the capacitor height adjustment component will be affected by temperature and is prone to failure in a high temperature environment. If the capacitor height adjustment component is used in flame cutting or laser and flame composite cutting, the nozzle position will be affected by the flame, and the temperature will continue to rise, which will easily cause the capacitor height adjustment component to fail, thereby affecting the normal operation of the cutting device. This has led to the lack of suitable height adjustment components in existing flame cutting devices or laser and flame composite cutting devices. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutting device which can be adjusted in real time during the movement to solve the problem that the existing flame cutting device or the laser and flame composite cutting device lacks a suitable height adjustment component.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A cutting device for cutting a material along a cutting path, comprising: An adapter assembly, wherein a cutting gas channel and a gas channel group are provided in the adapter assembly, wherein the cutting gas channel is used to introduce cutting gas, and the gas channel group is used to introduce combustion gas; A first nozzle assembly, the first nozzle assembly is connected to the adapter assembly, and the first nozzle assembly includes a first nozzle, the first nozzle is communicated with the cutting gas channel and the gas channel group to guide the cutting gas and the combustion gas to the material; a height adjustment component, the height adjustment component is disposed above the first nozzle component and arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle component, and the height adjustment component moves synchronously with the first nozzle component, and the height adjustment component is configured to emit at least one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, so as to form a detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and obtain a first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component to the detection area, wherein the detection area at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle moves along the cutting path; and, A controller, the controller being connected to at least the height adjustment component, and the controller being configured to adjust a second spacing distance between the first nozzle and the detection area when the first spacing distance L is obtained. .

[0008] In some embodiments, the height adjustment assembly includes multiple probes, which are used to emit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, thereby forming a sub-detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and the multiple probes are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, so that the multiple sub-detection areas constitute a detection area distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cutting device also includes a plurality of adjustment holes, and with the height direction of the cutting device as a first axial direction, the adjustment holes are extended along the first axial direction, and the adjustment holes have a first end and a second end arranged relatively to each other in the first axial direction, the first end is on the side away from the material, and the inner diameter of the adjustment hole gradually expands from the first end to the second end; the probe is connected to the first end, and the area of ​​the sub-detection zone formed by the probe is reduced through the adjustment hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cutting device further comprises: A main body component, wherein a first channel is disposed in the main body component, and an optical unit is disposed in the first channel, wherein the optical unit is used to adjust a laser beam incident into the first channel; and The adapter assembly is connected to the main assembly, and a second channel is further provided in the adapter assembly, wherein the second channel is interconnected with the first channel to form a laser channel for the laser beam to pass through, and the cutting gas channel is connected to the side of the second channel to guide the cutting gas into the second channel; and the gas channel group is separated from the second channel; and, The first nozzle is in communication with the second channel and the gas channel group to guide the laser beam, cutting gas and combustion gas to the material.

[0011] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly includes an adapter base, a first accommodating space is provided in the adapter base, and the height adjustment assembly is fixed in the first accommodating space; a first light-through hole is provided in the adapter base, the first light-through hole is separated from the first accommodating space, and, with the height direction of the cutting device as the first axial direction, the first light-through hole passes through the adapter base along the first axial direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the height adjustment assembly includes a plurality of probes, the probes being used to transmit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, thereby forming a sub-detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle; and The cutting device also includes a plurality of adjustment holes, which are formed in the adapter base and connected to the first accommodating space, and the plurality of adjustment holes are distributed around the first light-transmitting hole, and the adjustment holes cooperate with the height adjustment assembly so that the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves emitted by the probe can pass through the adjustment holes, thereby reducing the area of ​​the sub-detection area.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top of the adapter base is provided with an opening communicating with the first accommodating space; and The adapter assembly further includes an adapter cover plate, which covers the opening and has a second light-through hole disposed therein. The second light-through hole penetrates the adapter cover plate along the first axial direction and is connected to the first light-through hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first light through hole and the second light through hole are conical holes, and the side of the conical hole facing the material is the small end; and the small end of the second light through hole is inserted into the interior of the large end of the first light through hole, and a boss extending toward the outside of the second light through hole is provided on the outer side of the small end of the second light through hole, and the boss abuts against the inner side of the large end of the first light through hole, so that a spacing space is formed between the small end of the second light through hole and the inner wall of the first light through hole to prevent the intrusion of foreign matter.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first nozzle assembly and the adapter assembly are detachably matched; and the cutting device also includes a second nozzle assembly, which is detachably connected to the adapter assembly, and one of the second nozzle assembly and the first nozzle assembly is connected and fixed to the adapter assembly, and the other is separated from the adapter assembly; and the second nozzle assembly includes a second nozzle, which is connected to the laser channel to guide the laser beam to the material.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first nozzle assembly also includes a first connecting seat, and the first connecting seat and the adapter assembly are detachably matched; and a first connecting hole is provided in the first connecting seat, and the first connecting hole is connected to the laser channel; the first nozzle is installed in the first connecting hole and is connected to the first connecting hole; a nozzle channel group connected to the gas channel group is also provided in the first connecting seat, and the nozzle channel group is connected to the first connecting hole to introduce combustion gas into the first nozzle.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second nozzle assembly further includes a second connecting seat, the second connecting seat and the adapter assembly are detachably matched, and a third connecting hole is disposed in the second connecting seat, and the third connecting hole is connected to the laser channel.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cutting device also includes a locking block, which is connected to the outer peripheral side of the adapter assembly and presses the first connecting seat or the second connecting seat onto the adapter assembly to connect and fix the first connecting seat or the second connecting seat to the adapter assembly.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second nozzle assembly further includes a ceramic ring, which is arranged around the laser channel, and the side of the ceramic ring facing the material is connected to the second nozzle; the second nozzle is an induction nozzle, and the side of the ceramic ring facing away from the material is connected to a probe, and the probe is electrically connected to the second nozzle, so that the ceramic ring and the second nozzle form an induction component, and a capacitor is formed between the induction component and the material; and, The height adjustment assembly further includes a control board, the control board is communicatively connected to the controller, and the control board is electrically connected to the probe, so that the control board can obtain the potential change of the capacitor; and The controller is configured to: adjust a third spacing distance between the second nozzle and the material when the potential change is obtained .

[0020] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly includes an adapter top seat connected to the main body assembly, and a third light hole connected to the first channel is provided in the adapter top seat, and the third light hole constitutes a part of the second channel; the cutting gas channel is provided in the adapter top seat and connected to the external environment.

[0021] In some embodiments, an air guide ring is provided in the adapter top seat, the air guide ring is arranged around the third light through hole, a fourth light through hole connected with the third light through hole is provided in the air guide ring, and a hole wall of the third light through hole at least partially extends into the fourth light through hole, and an air inlet channel is provided between the air guide ring and the adapter top seat, the air inlet channel is connected with the fourth light through hole and the cutting gas channel, and extends toward the third light through hole to the hole wall inside the fourth light through hole.

[0022] In some embodiments, a buffer ring is further provided in the adapter top seat, and the buffer ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring and spaced apart from the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring, so that an air inlet passage is formed between the buffer ring and the air guide ring, and the air inlet passage is connected with the air inlet channel, and an air inlet hole is provided on the buffer ring, and the air inlet hole connects the air inlet passage and the cutting gas channel.

[0023] In some embodiments, an installation space is provided in the adapter top seat, and the installation space is connected to the third light-through hole; taking the height direction of the cutting device as the first axial direction, the air guide ring is provided in the installation space and extends along the first axial direction, and the air guide ring is spaced apart from the installation space on a side close to the third light-through hole to form the air inlet channel.

[0024] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly further includes a cooling seat, which is connected to a side of the first nozzle assembly facing away from the material, and a cooling channel for passing fluid is disposed on an outer peripheral side of the cooling seat.

[0025] In some embodiments, the outer circumference of the cooling seat is provided with a first zone and a second zone separated from each other, the first zone is provided with a cooling inlet, and the second zone is provided with a cooling outlet; and, The cooling channel includes a plurality of first cooling channels and at least one second cooling channel, with the height direction of the cutting device as a first axial direction, the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the first axial direction, and the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged in the first zone and the second zone respectively; and, In the first zone, two adjacent first cooling channels in the first axial direction are connected end to end, and the cooling inlet is connected to one of the first cooling channels; In the second zone, two adjacent first cooling channels in the first axial direction are connected end to end, and the cooling outlet is connected to one of the first cooling channels; The second cooling channel is communicated with the first cooling channel located in the first zone and the first cooling channel located in the second zone respectively.

[0026] In some embodiments, the gas channel group includes a combustion gas channel and a combustion-supporting gas channel, wherein the combustion gas channel is used to introduce combustion gas, and the combustion gas channel is separated from the combustion-supporting gas channel and connected to the first nozzle assembly; the combustion-supporting gas channel is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas and is connected to the first nozzle assembly.

[0027] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly includes an adapter base and a cooling seat, wherein a first accommodating space is provided in the adapter base, the height adjustment assembly is fixed in the first accommodating space, and a combustion gas intake channel and a combustion-supporting gas intake channel that are separated and arranged are provided on the adapter base; the cooling seat is connected between the adapter base and the first nozzle assembly, and a cooling channel for passing a fluid is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat, and, The combustion gas channel and the combustion-supporting gas channel are arranged in the cooling seat, and the combustion gas channel is communicated with the combustion gas intake channel, and the combustion-supporting gas channel is communicated with the combustion-supporting gas intake channel. Compared with the prior art, the cutting device implemented by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The cutting device sets a height adjustment component above the first nozzle component so that the height adjustment component is away from the high-temperature area of ​​cutting, thereby preventing the height adjustment component from being directly affected by the high-temperature environment. Moreover, the height adjustment component emits one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves, so that the cutting device can obtain the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component to the detection area in a contactless manner, so that the height adjustment component can be adapted to the high-temperature environment of flame cutting and laser-flame composite cutting. Moreover, the height adjustment component can form a detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and the detection area at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle moves along the cutting path. In this way, when the first nozzle component performs a cutting operation at the current position, the height adjustment component can obtain the first spacing distance L at the next position, so that when the cutting device moves along the cutting path, when the first nozzle component moves from the current position to the next position, the spacing distance between the first nozzle component and the material is always adapted, and the high-energy area of ​​the laser beam and the flame is adapted to the material, so that the cutting device can be adjusted in real time with the moving action during the cutting process to ensure the efficiency of the cutting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a cutting device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of middle B; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the spacing between the structure and the material shown; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the controller and the height adjustment component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a first implementation method of the detection area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a second implementation method of the detection area in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a third implementation method of the detection area in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth implementation method of the detection area in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a cutting device equipped with a first nozzle assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 yes Fig.10 a left side view of the structure shown; Fig.12 yes Fig.11 Middle CC section view; Fig.13 yes Fig.10 A front view of the structure shown; Fig.14 yes Fig.13 Middle DD section view; Fig.15 yes Fig.14 Enlarged view of E in the middle; Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of a transfer base in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.17 It is a front view in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.18 yes Fig.17 Middle FF section view; Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of a cutting device equipped with a second nozzle assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 20 yes Fig.19 a left side view of the structure shown; Fig.21 yes Fig. 20 Middle GG section view; Fig. 22 yes Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the spacing between the structure and the material shown; Fig.23 is a schematic diagram of a cooling seat in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.24 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the cooling seat in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure, 100, cutting device; X, first axial direction; 1, main body assembly; 2, adapter assembly; 2a, adapter base; 2a1, first accommodating space; 2a2, first light hole; 2a3, opening; 2b, adapter cover; 2b1, second light hole; 2b10, boss; 2c, adapter top seat; 2c1, installation space; 2d, cooling seat; 2d1, first zone; 2d2, second zone; 3, first nozzle assembly; 3a, first nozzle; 3a1, guide piece; 3a2, guide sleeve; 3b, first connecting seat; 4, second nozzle assembly; 4a, second nozzle; 4b, second connecting seat; 4c, ceramic ring; 5, height adjustment assembly; 5a, probe; 5b, control board; 6, controller; 7, cutting gas channel; 8, gas channel group; 8a, combustion gas channel; 8b, combustion-supporting gas channel ;9. Detection area;9a. Sub-detection area;10. Adjustment hole;10a. First end;10b. Second end;11. Laser channel;11a. First channel;11b. Second channel;12. Optical unit;13. Spacing space;14. Nozzle channel group;15. First connecting hole;16. Second connecting hole;17. Third connecting hole;18. Locking block;19. Third light hole;20. Air guide ring;21. Fourth light hole;22. Inlet channel;23. Buffer ring;24. Inlet passage;25. Inlet hole;26. Cooling channel;26a. First cooling channel;26b. Second cooling channel;27. Cooling inlet;28. Cooling outlet;29. Water-cooled jacket;30. Combustion gas inlet channel;31. Combustion-supporting gas inlet channel;32. Connecting socket;33. Fifth light hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "height", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used in the present invention for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0034] Example refer to Figure 1-24 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting device 100, which can be used as a cutting head or a cutting gun in a machine tool and cut materials along a cutting path. The cutting device 100 includes an adapter assembly 2 and a first nozzle assembly 3, wherein a cutting gas channel 7 and a gas channel group 8 are provided in the adapter assembly 2, the cutting gas channel 7 is used to introduce cutting gas, and the gas channel group 8 is used to introduce combustion gas; the first nozzle assembly 3 is connected to the adapter assembly 2, and the first nozzle assembly 3 includes a first nozzle 3a, and the first nozzle 3a is connected to the cutting gas channel 7 and the gas channel group 8 to guide the cutting gas and the combustion gas to the material.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first axial direction X is defined as the up-down direction of the cutting device 100, and the up and down are distinguished by the upper and lower sides of the cutting device 100 during normal use. Figure 1The first nozzle assembly 3 is connected to the bottom of the adapter assembly 2, so that the cutting gas and the combustion gas flow from top to bottom to the first nozzle assembly 3, and are guided to the material located below the first nozzle assembly 3 through the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0036] The cutting device 100 composed of the adapter assembly 2 and the first nozzle assembly 3 can be used for flame cutting. When the cutting device 100 performs flame cutting, the cutting gas is generally ordinary oxygen or high-purity oxygen, etc., and the combustion gas generally includes combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas, wherein the combustion gas is generally organic combustion gas such as propane, acetylene, and natural gas, and the combustion-supporting gas is low-pressure oxygen, which is used as a combustion-supporting agent to react with the combustion gas to generate a high-temperature flame.

[0037] The present cutting device 100 also includes a height adjustment component 5 and a controller 6 to control the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material, ensuring that the high-energy area of ​​the high-temperature flame is concentrated in the area to be cut of the material. It should be noted that the height adjustment component 5 of the present cutting device 100 is disposed above the first nozzle component 3 and arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle component 3 to avoid the height adjustment component 5 being directly affected by the high-temperature environment caused by the high-temperature flame, and the height adjustment component 5 can emit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, thereby forming a detection area 9 on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a, and obtaining a first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9, wherein the detection area 9 at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path; the controller 6 is at least connected to the height adjustment component 5, and the controller 6 is configured to be able to adjust the second spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the detection area 9 after obtaining the first spacing distance L. In this way, when the first nozzle assembly 3 is performing a cutting operation at the current position, the height adjustment assembly 5 can obtain the first spacing distance L of the next position, so that when the cutting device 100 moves along the cutting path, when the first nozzle assembly 3 moves from the current position to the next position, the spacing distance between the first nozzle assembly 3 and the material is always adapted, and the high-energy area of ​​the laser beam and the flame is adapted to the material, so that the cutting device 100 can be adjusted in real time with the movement during the cutting process to ensure the efficiency of the cutting process.

[0038] As a component of the cutting head or cutting gun, the height adjustment component 5 can be directly assembled and connected with the adapter component, or indirectly assembled and connected with the adapter component 2, so that it is located above the first nozzle component 3 and moves synchronously with the first nozzle component 3. For example, the height adjustment component 5 can be assembled on the adapter component 2 through a connecting structure, so that the height adjustment component 5 is located above the first nozzle component 3 and moves synchronously with the first nozzle component 3, or, alternatively, the height adjustment component 5 and the adapter component 2 can be assembled to the frame of the cutting head or cutting gun through a connecting structure, and the height adjustment component 5 is arranged at the height of the adapter component 2 or arranged above the adapter component 2, so that the height adjustment component 5 is located above the first nozzle component 3 and moves synchronously with the first nozzle component 3.

[0039] It should be noted that when the cutting device 100 is cutting, a lot of heat will accumulate between the first nozzle assembly 3 and the material, causing the temperature of the space between the first nozzle assembly 3 and the material to rise. The height adjustment assembly 5 is arranged above the first nozzle assembly 3, which can ensure that the height adjustment assembly 5 is outside the arrangement range of the first nozzle assembly 3 in the height direction. In this way, the height adjustment assembly 5 can be prevented from being affected by excessively high ambient temperature. Moreover, the height adjustment assembly 5 is arranged above the first nozzle assembly 3, which can reduce local interference between the height adjustment assembly 5 and the material, such as scattering effects, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of ultrasonic and electromagnetic wave detection and avoiding measurement errors caused by near-field effects. Furthermore, arranging the height adjustment assembly 5 above the first nozzle assembly 3 can provide a diffusion space for ultrasonic and electromagnetic waves, so that ultrasonic and electromagnetic waves can form a suitable detection area 9 on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a.

[0040] It can be understood that the height adjustment component 5 calculates the first spacing distance L by emitting one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves, based on the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves in the air, and by measuring the time from emission to reception of ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves. For example, when the height adjustment component 5 adopts an ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic probe can emit ultrasonic waves to the material. The ultrasonic waves are reflected after encountering an obstacle (i.e., the material), and the reflected ultrasonic waves return to the ultrasonic probe. According to the time from emission to reception of the ultrasonic waves, the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9 is calculated; or, when the height adjustment component 5 adopts an electromagnetic wave probe, the electromagnetic wave probe can emit electromagnetic waves to the material. After the electromagnetic waves encounter the target object, part of the energy is reflected back to the electromagnetic wave probe. According to the time from emitting the electromagnetic wave to receiving the reflected signal, the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9 is calculated. Of course, since ultrasonic waves are usually generated by the mechanical vibration of an object, the emission of ultrasonic waves by the height adjustment component 5 may cause the entire height adjustment component 5 to vibrate. Therefore, when the height adjustment component 5 uses an ultrasonic probe, the height adjustment component 5 can be used in conjunction with damping materials and buffer materials to eliminate the vibration generated by the ultrasonic probe and prevent the height adjustment component 5 from affecting the stability of the cutting device 100.

[0041] Next, this embodiment takes the emission of electromagnetic waves by the height adjustment component 5 as an example to further explain the cutting device 100.

[0042] refer to Figure 4-9 The height adjustment component 5 emits electromagnetic waves to the material, and can form a detection area 9 on the outer periphery of the first nozzle 3a. According to the propagation direction and diffusion of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the height adjustment component 5, the electromagnetic waves can form a detection area 9 on the outer periphery of the first nozzle 3a. Figure 6-9 In the detection area 9 shown in the figure, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the height adjustment component 5 to the material can form a Figure 6-9 The radiation energy distribution diagram is shown, and, in this detection area 9, part of the energy of the electromagnetic wave is reflected back to the height adjustment component 5 through the material, so that the height adjustment component 5 can obtain the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9.

[0043] It should be noted that after the first nozzle assembly 3 is assembled to the cutting device 100, the length of the first nozzle assembly 3 in the first axial direction X is fixed, so the spacing distance H between the height adjustment assembly 5 and the first nozzle 3a can be known. For example, after the height adjustment assembly 5 is assembled to the cutting device 100, it is relatively fixed with the first nozzle assembly 3, so that the height adjustment assembly 5 and the first nozzle assembly 3 can move synchronously. Then, according to the assembled height of the height adjustment assembly 5 and the length of the first nozzle assembly 3 in the first axial direction X, the spacing distance H between the height adjustment assembly 5 and the first nozzle 3a can be obtained. Generally speaking, the spacing distance H between the height adjustment assembly 5 and the first nozzle 3a is the rated data of the cutting device 100.

[0044] Therefore, when the first spacing distance L is obtained, the controller 6 connected to the height adjustment component 5 can obtain the second spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the detection area 9 according to the difference between the first spacing distance L and the spacing distance H between the height adjustment component 5 and the first nozzle 3a. , and according to the first spacing distance L between the height adjustment component 5 and the detection area 9, adjust the second spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the detection area 9 , so that the second spacing distance To meet the requirements of current cutting technology, the high-energy area of ​​the high-temperature flame falls on the cutting position of the material, ensuring the cutting effect and cutting efficiency of the cutting device 100.

[0045] The cutting device 100 can cut the material along the cutting path, thereby cutting out a material of a corresponding shape from the material. Figure 6-7 Taking the cutting path shown in FIG. 1 as an example, point A in the figure is the current cutting position of the cutting device 100, and point B in the figure is the next cutting position of the cutting device 100. Figure 6-7 When the material is cut along the cutting path shown, it will move from point A to point B on the right. During this process, the first nozzle assembly 3 will also move from point A to point B on the right. According to the different areas or positions of the detection area 9 formed by the height adjustment assembly 5, the detection area 9 can partially cover the next area (point B) where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path. Figure 6 Alternatively, the detection area 9 can completely cover the next area (point B) where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 shown.

[0046] It should be noted that, since the upper surface of the material may be uneven, or the material itself is placed at an angle, when the first nozzle assembly 3 moves from point A to point B to the right, the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material may change, affecting the cutting effect and efficiency. Therefore, the detection area 9 formed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path. In this way, when the first nozzle 3a cuts the material at point A, the electromagnetic wave emitted by the height adjustment assembly 5 can at least detect the spacing distance between it and point B, that is, the height adjustment assembly 5 can at least obtain the first spacing distance L between the height adjustment assembly 5 and point B, so that when the first nozzle 3a moves from point A to point B to the right, the controller 6 can adjust the second spacing distance according to the difference between the first spacing distance L and the spacing distance H between the height adjustment assembly 5 and the first nozzle 3a. , so that the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material is always kept within an appropriate range. For example, when the first nozzle 3a moves from point A to point B to the right, the controller 6 finds the second spacing distance according to the difference between the first spacing distance L and the spacing distance H between the height adjustment component 5 and the first nozzle 3a. If the preset interval is not met, the controller 6 can drive the cutting device 100 to move upward or downward through the lifting device to make the second interval Meet the preset interval.

[0047] It should be noted that the area currently cut by the first nozzle 3a will be detected by the height adjustment component 5 when the first nozzle 3a is in the previous area, that is, when the first nozzle 3a is in the previous area, the detection area 9 formed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a will at least partially cover the area currently cut by the first nozzle 3a. In this way, when the first nozzle 3a moves from point A to point B to the right, the area between point A and point B has been detected by the height adjustment component 5. Therefore, the controller 6 can adjust the second spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the detection area 9 according to the first spacing distance L during the process of the first nozzle 3a moving from point A to point B to the right and when the first nozzle 3a moves to point B. Even if the cutting device 100 needs to cut from the edge of the material, point B as the edge of the material can still be detected by the cutting device 100 prepared at point A, so that when the cutting device 100 moves from point A to point B, the first nozzle 3a and the material can always maintain a suitable spacing distance.

[0048] The cutting paths of the cutting device 100 are usually quite diverse to adapt to different cutting requirements of materials. To enable the cutting device 100 to adapt to a variety of cutting paths, it may be necessary to form more detection points on the outer circumference of the first nozzle 3a. Figure 2-9 As an example of this embodiment, the height adjustment component 5 includes a plurality of probes 5a, and the probes 5a are used to transmit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, so as to form a sub-detection area 9a on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a, and the plurality of probes 5a are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a, so that the plurality of sub-detection areas 9a constitute a detection area 9 distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a. It should be noted that some probes 5a may only be used to transmit ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves. For this purpose, the height adjustment component 5 needs to be equipped with a receiver and / or a data processor to obtain the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9.

[0049] The number of probes 5a can be two or more. Taking the example of the probe 5a emitting electromagnetic waves to the material, each probe 5a will form a sub-detection area 9a on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a, and the sub-detection area 9a formed by each probe 5a on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a may partially overlap or not overlap, so that the detection area 9 formed by the multiple sub-detection areas 9a on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a is annular, such as Figure 8 As shown, or, presented as multiple arc segments, such as Fig. 9 As shown, in this way, when the first nozzle 3a moves in a direction perpendicular to the first axial direction X, the next area to which the first nozzle 3a moves has been detected by the height adjustment component 5, so that when the first nozzle 3a moves in a direction perpendicular to the first axial direction X, the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material can be adjusted in real time to always remain within an appropriate range.

[0050] In the case where the detection area 9 is formed by a plurality of sub-detection areas 9a, each probe 5a will feed back corresponding detection data to the data processor based on the corresponding sub-detection area 9a. Through the processing of the data processor, these detection data can be synthesized into one data, i.e., the specific value of the first spacing distance L. During the processing of the data processor, the data processor can filter these detection data, such as removing the maximum and minimum values ​​of the detection data, and calculating the average value of these detection data through averaging operation, so as to avoid partial damage of the probe 5a in the cutting device 100 and affect the detection accuracy of the height adjustment component 5.

[0051] It should be noted that the material is usually placed on the cutting table, and there is a certain distance between the upper surface of the material and the cutting table. Considering that the material has a certain boundary, if the area covered by the detection area 9 is too large, when the cutting device 100 is near the boundary of the material, the sub-detection area 9a distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a may fall on the cutting table, resulting in a significant deviation between the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9 and the actual spacing distance. For this, refer to Figure 1-4 As an example of this embodiment, the cutting device 100 also includes a plurality of adjustment holes 10, and the adjustment holes 10 are extended along the first axial direction X, and the adjustment holes 10 have a first end 10a and a second end 10b arranged relatively to each other on the first axial direction X, the first end 10a is on the side away from the material, and the inner diameter of the adjustment hole 10 gradually increases from the first end 10a to the second end 10b; the probe 5a is connected to the first end 10a to reduce the area of ​​the sub-detection area 9a formed by the probe 5a through the adjustment hole 10.

[0052] The ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave emitted by the probe 5a toward the material will gradually diffuse along the propagation path until the ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave falls on the upper surface of the material and forms a Figure 6-9 The radiation energy distribution diagram is shown. It should be noted that Figure 6-9 The radiation energy distribution diagram shown is only used to illustrate the relative position distribution of the sub-detection area 9a, the detection area 9 and the cutting position, and does not limit the shape and area size of the sub-detection area 9a and the detection area 9.

[0053] After the probe 5a is set at the first end 10a of the adjustment hole 10, the adjustment hole 10 can limit the diffusion surface of the ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave emitted by the probe 5a based on the inner diameter size of the second end 10b, so that the diffusion range of the ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave passing through the adjustment hole 10 will be readjusted based on the inner diameter size of the second end 10b of the adjustment hole 10, thereby enabling the probe 5a to reduce the area of ​​the sub-detection area 9a through the adjustment hole 10. Of course, if the area of ​​the sub-detection area 9a is too small, it will also affect the accuracy of the first spacing distance L. Therefore, the inner diameter of the adjustment hole 10 gradually expands from the first end 10a to the second end 10b, so that the structure of the adjustment hole 10 is adapted to the diffusion of the ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave, and the diffusion range of the ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave is avoided to be excessively limited.

[0054] It should be noted that the area of ​​the above-mentioned sub-detection area 9a refers to the area of ​​the radiation energy distribution graph formed by the sub-detection area 9a on the upper surface of the material, and the radiation energy distribution graph can be calculated by computer simulation software (such as HFSS, CST, FEKO, etc.).

[0055] The adapter component 2 can also be matched with the optical system of laser cutting, so that the cutting device 100 can realize laser-flame composite cutting. Of course, when the cutting device 100 is applied to laser-flame composite cutting, it is necessary to match the optical system of laser cutting on the upper side of the adapter component 2. Figure 4 , 10 -18, as an example of this embodiment, the cutting device 100 also includes a main body component 1, a first channel 11a is provided in the main body component 1, and an optical unit 12 is provided in the first channel 11a, and the optical unit 12 is used to adjust the laser beam incident into the first channel 11a, such as collimating and focusing the laser beam; and the adapter component 2 is connected to the main body component 1, and a second channel 11b is also provided in the adapter component 2, wherein the second channel 11b and the first channel 11a are arranged in the same direction along the first axial direction X, and the second channel 11b and the first channel 11a are connected to each other, so that the first channel 11a and the second channel 11b form a laser channel 11 for the laser beam to pass, and the laser channel 11 is extended and arranged along the first axial direction X. The cutting gas channel 7 is connected to the side of the second channel 11b to guide the cutting gas into the second channel 11b and avoid the cutting gas channel 7 interfering with the arrangement of the laser channel 11. The gas channel group 8 is separated from the second channel 11b; and the first nozzle 3a is communicated with the second channel 11b and the gas channel group 8 respectively to guide the laser beam, cutting gas and combustion gas to the material.

[0056] In this embodiment, a connection socket 32 ​​is provided at the top of the main component 1, and the connection socket 32 ​​is used to connect to an external laser source to guide the laser beam emitted by the external laser source into the main component 1. A first channel 11a extending along the first axial direction X is provided in the main component 1, and an optical unit 12 is provided in the first channel 11a. The optical unit 12 may include a collimating lens group, a focusing lens group, etc., which are used to adjust the laser beam incident into the first channel 11a to collimate and focus the laser beam. Through the adjustment of the optical unit 12, the laser beam incident into the first channel 11a can form a high-energy beam required for cutting.

[0057] It should be noted that in some cutting devices 100, the optical channels for guiding the laser beam may not be in the same direction. For example, the laser beam may be incident into the main assembly 1 along a direction perpendicular to the first axial direction X, and enter the first channel 11a after being reflected by a reflector disposed inside the main assembly 1. In this type of cutting device 100, the first channel 11a is the space where the collimating lens group and the focusing lens group are located, and is part of the optical channel.

[0058] It should be noted that the adapter component 2 and the main component 1 can be connected in a fixed manner or in a detachable manner, and the adapter component 2 itself can adopt a multi-section splicing structure. However, in the cutting device 100, the main component 1 will be arranged with an optical unit 12, and the adapter component 2 will be arranged with a cutting gas channel 7. Therefore, in the cutting device 100, the main component 1 and the adapter component 2 can be distinguished according to the positions of the cutting gas channel 7 and the optical unit 12.

[0059] By connecting the adapter component 2 on the lower side of the main component 1, the cutting device 100 can use the laser channel 11 to transmit the laser beam and guide the laser beam to the material through the first nozzle 3a. In this way, in the ignition stage of the cutting device 100, the cutting device 100 can use the laser beam to hit the sparks generated on the surface of the material to ignite the cutting gas and the combustion gas, so that a high-temperature flame is formed at the lower end of the first nozzle 3a. Moreover, in the cutting stage of the cutting device 100, the cutting device 100 can use the laser beam to assist in cutting, that is, to guide the laser beam to the surface of the material, so that the area to be cut of the material is quickly heated to the melting point, and the high-speed airflow formed by the cutting gas is cooperated to cut the medium and thick plates, thereby realizing laser-flame composite cutting.

[0060] It should be noted that the main component 1 of the cutting device 100 can be the structure of a conventional laser cutting head, that is, the cutting device 100 can, on the basis of a conventional laser cutting head, form a laser-flame composite cutting head by matching the adapter component 2 and the first nozzle component 3, thereby reducing the preparation cost of the cutting device 100.

[0061] In order to facilitate the height adjustment component 5 to move synchronously with the cutting device 100, in some cutting devices 100, the height adjustment component 5 may be assembled in the adapter component 2. Figure 10-18 As an example of this embodiment, the adapter assembly 2 includes an adapter base 2a, a first accommodating space 2a1 is provided in the adapter base 2a, and the height adjustment assembly 5 is fixed in the first accommodating space 2a1.

[0062] It should be noted that the adapter base 2a is located on the arrangement path of the laser channel 11, so a first light hole 2a2 is provided in the adapter base 2a, the first light hole 2a2 is separated from the first accommodating space 2a1, and, taking the height direction of the cutting device 100 as the first axial direction X, the first light hole 2a2 penetrates the adapter base 2a along the first axial direction X, so that the first light hole 2a2 will constitute a part of the second channel 11b, and the laser beam transmitted through the first channel 11a can pass through the first light hole 2a2 and reach the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0063] Moreover, when the cutting device 100 is equipped with multiple adjustment holes 10, the adjustment holes 10 can also be formed in the adapter base 2a and connected to the first accommodating space 2a1, and the multiple adjustment holes 10 are distributed on the periphery of the first light-transmitting hole 2a2, so that the height adjustment component 5 can cooperate with the adjustment hole 10 of the adapter base 2a, so that the ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave emitted by the height adjustment component 5 can reduce the area of ​​the sub-detection zone 9a through the adjustment hole 10. The above-mentioned sub-detection zone 9a emits one of the ultrasonic wave and electromagnetic wave to the material through the probe 5a, thereby being formed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a.

[0064] It should be noted that the adjustment hole 10 is used to cooperate with the height adjustment component 5 so that the ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave emitted by the probe 5a of the height adjustment component 5 can pass through the adjustment hole 10 to reduce the area of ​​the sub-detection area 9a. The adjustment hole 10 can be Figure 2 The structure shown is: the height direction of the cutting device 100 is the first axial direction X, the adjustment hole 10 is extended along the first axial direction X, and the adjustment hole 10 has a first end 10a and a second end 10b arranged opposite to each other on the first axial direction X, the first end 10a is on the side away from the material, and the inner diameter of the adjustment hole 10 gradually increases from the first end 10a to the second end 10b. Of course, the adjustment hole 10 can also be designed in other structures, such as a bell mouth with a parabolic profile.

[0065] In some cutting devices 100, the height adjustment component 5 may be a coordinated design of a control board 5b and a probe 5a, and the control board 5b is an existing data control board such as a PCB board. Figure 10-18 The bottom of the first accommodating space 2a1 can be a flat structure, the control board 5b is attached to the bottom of the first accommodating space 2a1, and the probe 5a is installed on the side of the control board 5b facing the material and extends into the adjustment hole 10. Through the positioning and calibration of the first accommodating space 2a1, multiple probes 5a can be guaranteed to be at the same horizontal position and face the material together, ensuring that the assembly process of the height adjustment component 5 will not affect the detection accuracy of the height adjustment component 5.

[0066] In order to facilitate the assembly of the height adjustment assembly 5 into the first accommodation space 2a1, the first accommodation space 2a1 may be provided with an entrance and an exit. Figure 10-18As an example of this embodiment, the top of the adapter base 2a is provided with an opening 2a3 connected to the first accommodating space 2a1, so that the height adjustment component 5 can be assembled into the first accommodating space 2a1 through the opening 2a3. Of course, in order to cover the opening 2a3, the adapter component 2 can also include an adapter cover plate 2b, which covers the opening 2a3, and a second light hole 2b1 is provided in the adapter cover plate 2b, which passes through the adapter cover plate 2b along the first axial direction X and is connected to the first light hole 2a2, so as to ensure that the laser beam can pass through the second light hole 2b1 and the first light hole 2a2 to reach the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0067] By matching the adapter base 2a and the adapter cover 2b, the adapter assembly 2 serves as a connecting structure between the main body assembly 1 and the first nozzle assembly 3, integrating the cutting gas channel 7 and the gas channel group 8 required for flame cutting, the laser channel 11 required for laser cutting, and the height adjustment assembly 5 required for achieving height adjustment during the cutting process. In this way, the cutting device 100 can form a laser-flame composite cutting head on the basis of a conventional laser cutting head by matching the adapter assembly 2 and the first nozzle assembly 3, and utilize the height adjustment assembly 5 to enable the cutting device 100 to be adjusted in real time during the cutting process as the movement occurs, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the cutting process.

[0068] In order to ensure that the first light hole 2a2 and the second light hole 2b1 can be accurately aligned when the adapter base 2a and the adapter cover 2b are assembled and connected, and to ensure that the laser beam passes through the first light hole 2a2 and the second light hole 2b1 smoothly, refer to Figure 10-18 As an example of this embodiment, the first light hole 2a2 and the second light hole 2b1 are tapered holes, and the side of the tapered hole facing the material is the small end; and the small end of the second light hole 2b1 is inserted into the inside of the large end of the first light hole 2a2, so that the first light hole 2a2 and the second light hole 2b1 can be spliced ​​in sequence. In addition, the outer side of the small end of the second light hole 2b1 can also be provided with a boss 2b10 extending toward the outside of the second light hole 2b1, and the boss 2b10 abuts against the inner side of the large end of the first light hole 2a2, so that the first light hole 2a2 and the second light hole 2b1 are accurately aligned, and based on the cooperation of the boss 2b10 and the first light hole 2a2, a spacing space 13 for preventing foreign matter from intruding is formed between the small end of the second light hole 2b1 and the inner wall of the first light hole 2a2, thereby reducing the possibility of spatter generated during the cutting process entering the first channel 11a in reverse.

[0069] When the cutting device 100 is equipped with the adapter component 2 and the main body component 1, the cutting device 100 can realize the switching of the cutting modes among flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame composite cutting. Of course, the nozzles used for flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame composite cutting are different. When the cutting device 100 realizes the switching of the cutting modes among flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame composite cutting, the cutting device 100 needs to replace the corresponding nozzles. In this regard, the first nozzle component 3 and the adapter component 2 can be detachably connected; and, referring to Figure 19-22 The cutting device 100 further includes a second nozzle assembly 4, which is detachably connected to the adapter assembly 2, and one of the second nozzle assembly 4 and the first nozzle assembly 3 is connected and fixed to the adapter assembly 2, and the other is separated from the adapter assembly 2, so that the cutting device 100 only cooperates with one nozzle assembly during the cutting process. In addition, the second nozzle assembly 4 includes a second nozzle 4a, which is connected to the laser channel 11 to guide the laser beam to the material. In this way, by replacing the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4, the cutting device 100 can switch between the two cutting modes of laser cutting and laser-flame composite cutting: when the cutting device 100 is equipped with the first nozzle assembly 3, the first nozzle assembly 3 can guide the laser beam, cutting gas and combustion gas to the material, so that the cutting device 100 can achieve laser-flame composite cutting, and when the cutting device 100 is equipped with the second nozzle assembly 4, the second nozzle assembly 4 can guide the laser beam to the material, so that the cutting device 100 can achieve laser cutting. Of course, when the cutting device 100 is matched with the first nozzle assembly 3 , the cutting device 100 can also only introduce cutting gas and combustion gas, and use the first nozzle assembly 3 to achieve flame cutting.

[0070] It should be noted that the specifications of the nozzles used for flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame composite cutting are usually different. In particular, the specifications of the nozzles used for laser cutting and the nozzles used for laser-flame composite cutting are very different, making it difficult to install and replace them in a unified manner. This results in the need to dismantle more connecting structures when replacing the nozzle of the existing cutting head, and the replacement process is relatively cumbersome, resulting in low efficiency in replacing the nozzle, which easily affects the efficiency of cutting production. The cutting device 100 realizes the switching of the cutting modes of flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame composite cutting, not by replacing the nozzle, but by replacing the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4 as a whole.

[0071] For example, the first nozzle assembly 3 can be configured with an adapter structure so that the existing nozzle can be matched with the adapter assembly 2. Figure 10-18As an example of this embodiment, the first nozzle assembly 3 also includes a first connecting seat 3b, and the first connecting seat 3b is detachably matched with the adapter assembly 2; and, a first connecting hole 15 is provided in the first connecting seat 3b, and the upper part of the first connecting hole 15 is connected to the laser channel 11 through the second connecting hole 16; the first nozzle 3a is installed in the first connecting hole 15 and is connected to the inside of the first connecting hole 15, and a nozzle channel group 14 connected to the gas channel group 8 is also provided in the first connecting seat 3b, and the nozzle channel group 14 is connected to the first connecting hole 15 to introduce combustion gas into the first nozzle 3a.

[0072] Through the adapter cooperation of the first connecting seat 3b, the first nozzle 3a can adopt the existing flame nozzle, and the first nozzle 3a is connected to the adapter component 2 through the first connecting seat 3b. In this way, for flame nozzles of different specifications, the cutting device 100 can be configured with the corresponding first connecting seat 3b, so that the same adapter component 2 can be matched with flame nozzles of different specifications, which greatly improves the versatility of the upper structure of the cutting device 100 (main body component 1, adapter component 2).

[0073] The first nozzle 3a can adopt a structure in which a guide member 3a1 and a guide sleeve 3a2 sleeved on the outside of the guide member 3a1 cooperate with each other. In this way, when the cutting device 100 adopts a laser-flame cutting method, the laser beam transmitted to the first nozzle assembly 3 through the laser channel 11 can pass through the second connecting hole 16 and the first connecting hole 15 in sequence, enter the interior of the guide member 3a1, and be sprayed from the inside of the guide member 3a1 to the surface of the material. At the same time, the cutting gas is transported to the first nozzle assembly 3 through the second channel 11b, and passes through the second connecting hole 16 and the first connecting hole 15 in sequence, enter the interior of the guide member 3a1, and be sprayed from the inside of the guide member 3a1 to the surface of the material; the combustion gas is transported to the nozzle channel group 14 through the gas channel group 8, and enters the space between the guide member 3a1 and the guide sleeve 3a2 through the first connecting hole 15, and is sprayed from the outside of the guide member 3a1 to the surface of the material. It should be noted that the guide member 3a1 will guide and divert the cutting gas, laser beam and combustion gas. The cutting gas and laser beam will pass through the second connecting hole 16 and the first connecting hole 15 and enter the interior of the guide member 3a1, and will not enter the outside of the guide member 3a1; while the combustion gas will pass through the first connecting hole 15 and enter the space between the guide member 3a1 and the guide sleeve 3a2, reach the outside of the guide member 3a1, and will not enter the channel inside the guide member 3a1.

[0074] Of course, the second nozzle assembly 4 can also be configured with a switching structure to match the existing nozzle with the switching assembly 2. Referring to Figures 19-22, as an example of this embodiment, the second nozzle assembly 4 also includes a second connection seat 4b, the second connection seat 4b and the switching assembly 2 are detachably matched, and a third connection hole 17 is provided in the second connection seat 4b, and the third connection hole 17 is connected to the laser channel 11, so that the second nozzle 4a can be connected to the lower side of the second connection seat 4b, and through the switching of the second connection seat 4b, the second nozzle 4a can adopt the existing laser nozzle structure.

[0075] When the cutting device 100 is used as a laser-flame cutting head, the adapter structure configured by the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4, i.e., the first connecting seat 3b and the second connecting seat 4b, enables the cutting device 100 to install laser nozzles of different specifications on the same adapter structure, and to install laser-flame nozzles of different specifications on the same adapter structure, so that the adapter assembly 2 can be matched with flame nozzles of different specifications and laser nozzles of different specifications, further improving the versatility of the upper structure of the cutting device 100 (main body assembly 1, adapter assembly 2).

[0076] With the cooperation of the first connection seat 3b and the second connection seat 4b, the assembly dimensions of the adapter assembly 2 and the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4 can be unified. In this way, the cutting device 100 can adopt a unified locking fit to achieve rapid replacement of the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4. Figure 10-22 As an example of this embodiment, the cutting device 100 further includes a locking block 18, which is connected to the outer peripheral side of the adapter component 2 and presses the first connection seat 3b or the second connection seat 4b onto the adapter component 2, so that the first connection seat 3b or the second connection seat 4b is connected and fixed to the adapter component 2. The locking block 18 and the adapter component 2 can be threadedly matched, so that the locking block 18 can be quickly locked on the adapter component 2.

[0077] The locking block 18 may be a nut. With the cooperation of the locking block 18, the first connection seat 3b and the second connection seat 4b can be quickly locked and unlocked with the adapter assembly 2. In this way, when the first nozzle 3a matched with the first connection seat 3b and the second nozzle 4a matched with the second connection seat 4b are switched, it is only necessary to unlock the locking block 18 to remove the first nozzle 3a and the second nozzle 4a, so that the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4 can be quickly switched. In this way, when the cutting device 100 switches between laser cutting and laser-flame composite cutting, the operator can quickly replace the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4 without complicated operations.

[0078] When the cutting device 100 adopts laser cutting, the ambient temperature between the second nozzle assembly 4 and the material will be lower than the ambient temperature when the cutting device 100 adopts flame cutting or laser-flame cutting. Therefore, when the cutting device 100 adopts laser cutting, the height adjustment assembly 5 can adopt a capacitor height adjustment structure.

[0079] refer to Figure 19-22 As an example of this embodiment, the second nozzle assembly 4 also includes a ceramic ring 4c, which is arranged around the laser channel 11, and the side of the ceramic ring 4c facing the material is connected to the second nozzle 4a; the second nozzle 4a is an induction nozzle, and the side of the ceramic ring 4c facing away from the material is connected to a probe (not shown in the figure), and the probe is electrically connected to the second nozzle 4a, so that the ceramic ring 4c and the second nozzle 4a form an induction component, and a capacitor is formed between the induction component and the material; and the height adjustment assembly 5 also includes a control board 5b, the control board 5b is communicatively connected to the controller 6, and the control board 5b is electrically connected to the probe, so that the control board 5b can obtain the potential change of the capacitor, and the controller 6 is configured to: when obtaining the potential change, adjust the third spacing distance between the second nozzle 4a and the material .

[0080] After a capacitor is formed between the induction component and the material, the third spacing distance between the second nozzle 4a and the material is When the voltage changes, the potential of the capacitor will change, and the potential change will be transmitted to the control board 5b through the probe, and then transmitted to the controller 6 through the control board 5b. The controller 6 adjusts the third spacing distance between the second nozzle 4a and the material according to the received electrical signal. , so that the third spacing distance It is always within an appropriate range, thereby ensuring that the cutting device 100 can achieve efficient cutting and effectively guarantee the stability of cutting quality.

[0081] When the cutting device 100 performs laser-flame composite cutting, the cutting gas enters the laser channel 11 through the second channel 11b and is emitted in the same direction as the laser beam. For this purpose, a channel structure is configured inside the cutting device 100 to guide the cutting gas into the second channel 11b. Figure 10-22 As an example of this embodiment, the adapter assembly 2 includes an adapter top seat 2c connected to the main body assembly 1, and a third light hole 19 connected to the first channel 11a is provided in the adapter top seat 2c, and the third light hole 19 constitutes a part of the second channel 11b; the cutting gas channel 7 is provided in the adapter top seat 2c and connected to the external environment.

[0082] It should be noted that if the cutting gas forms an air curtain perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam in the second channel 11b, it may affect the propagation of the laser beam. In this regard, the cutting device 100 can configure a gas guide structure to guide the flow of the cutting gas to avoid the cutting gas forming an air curtain. Figure 1-22 As an example of this embodiment, an air guide ring 20 is provided in the adapter top seat 2c, and the air guide ring 20 is arranged around the third light through hole 19. A fourth light through hole 21 connected with the third light through hole 19 is provided in the air guide ring 20, and the hole wall of the third light through hole 19 at least partially extends into the fourth light through hole 21, and an air inlet channel 22 is provided between the air guide ring 20 and the adapter top seat 2c, and the air inlet channel 22 is connected with the fourth light through hole 21 and the cutting gas channel 7, and extends toward the third light through hole 19 to the hole wall inside the fourth light through hole 21.

[0083] The third light hole 19 and the fourth light hole 21 together constitute part of the second channel 11b. The cutting gas that enters the adapter top seat 2c through the cutting gas channel 7 will enter the air inlet channel 22, and under the guidance of the hole wall of the third light hole 19, it will turn to the fourth light hole 21 and flow to the first nozzle assembly 3 along the second channel 11b. In this way, under the guidance of the air guide ring 20, the cutting gas will not rush into the second channel 11b in a direction perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam, thereby avoiding the cutting gas from forming an air curtain in the second channel 11b that affects the creation of the laser beam. Of course, the interconnected parts between the fourth light hole 21, the third light hole 19, and the second light hole 2b1 also use the boss 2b10 used by the first light hole 2a2 and the second light hole 2b1 to cooperate, so that the fourth light hole 21, the third light hole 19, and the second light hole 2b1 also have the effect of preventing foreign matter from intruding.

[0084] The interior of the adapter top seat 2c may be configured with a space to facilitate installation of the air guide ring 20. Figure 1 As an example of this embodiment, an installation space 2c1 is set in the adapter top seat 2c, and the installation space 2c1 is connected to the third light-through hole 19; taking the height direction of the cutting device 100 as the first axial direction X, the air guide ring 20 is set in the installation space 2c1 and extends along the first axial direction X, and the air guide ring 20 is spaced apart from the installation space 2c1 on one side close to the third light-through hole 19 to form an air inlet channel 22.

[0085] In some cutting devices 100, a buffer structure may be provided outside the gas guide ring 20 to further prevent the cutting gas from forming a gas curtain perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam in the second channel 11b. Figure 1-22As an example of this embodiment, a buffer ring 23 is further provided in the adapter top seat 2c. The buffer ring 23 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring 20 and is spaced apart from the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring 20, so that an air inlet passage 24 is formed between the buffer ring 23 and the air guide ring 20, and the air inlet passage 24 is connected to the air inlet channel 22, and an air inlet hole 25 is provided on the buffer ring 23, and the air inlet hole 25 is connected to the air inlet passage 24 and the cutting gas channel 7, so that the cutting gas goes along the cutting gas channel 7 → the air inlet hole 25 → the air inlet passage 24 → the air inlet channel 22, enters the fourth light hole 21, and is transported to the first nozzle assembly 3 along the second channel 11b, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0086] There can be multiple air inlet holes 25, which are distributed around the buffer ring 23. Moreover, the air inlet channel 22 and the air inlet passage 24 also have an annular channel structure, so that the cutting gas can be distributed around the buffer ring 23, so that the cutting gas entering the fourth light hole 21 can be more evenly distributed and transported along the second channel 11b.

[0087] It is understandable that when the cutting device 100 performs cutting operations, the first nozzle assembly 3 or the second nozzle assembly 4 will absorb more heat. In order to prevent the first nozzle assembly 3 or the second nozzle assembly 4 from overheating, the cutting device 100 will be equipped with a cooling structure to cool the two. Figure 1-24 As an example of this embodiment, the adapter assembly 2 further includes a cooling seat 2d, which is connected to the side of the first nozzle assembly 3 or the second nozzle assembly 4 facing away from the material, and a cooling channel 26 for passing fluid is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat 2d. Of course, the cooling seat 2d is also provided with a fifth light hole 33 to constitute a part of the second channel 11b, so that the laser beam can pass through the cooling seat 2d and enter the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0088] The fluid may be cooling water or cooling gas. The cooling channel 26 may adopt a labyrinth layout structure to extend the time for the cooling water or cooling gas to flow therein. Figure 23-24As an example of this embodiment, the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat 2d is provided with a first area 2d1 and a second area 2d2 separated from each other, the first area 2d1 is provided with a cooling inlet 27, and the second area 2d2 is provided with a cooling outlet 28; and the cooling channel 26 includes a plurality of first cooling channels 26a and at least one second cooling channel 26b, with the height direction of the cutting device 100 as the first axial direction X, the plurality of first cooling channels 26a are arranged at intervals along the first axial direction X, and the plurality of first cooling channels 26a are respectively arranged in the first area 2d 1 and the second zone 2d2; and, in the first zone 2d1, two first cooling channels 26a adjacent to each other in the first axial direction X are connected end to end, and the cooling inlet 27 is connected to one first cooling channel 26a; in the second zone 2d2, two first cooling channels 26a adjacent to each other in the first axial direction X are connected end to end, and the cooling outlet 28 is connected to one first cooling channel 26a; the second cooling channel 26b is respectively connected to the first cooling channel 26a located in the first zone 2d1 and the first cooling channel 26a located in the second zone 2d2.

[0089] Taking cooling water as an example, refer to Fig.14 , 23 -24, the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat 2d is covered with a water-cooling jacket 29 to seal the first cooling channel 26a and the second cooling channel 26b. The cooling inlet 27 and the cooling outlet 28 are both arranged at the upper part of the cooling seat 2d; the number of the second cooling channel 26b is one, and one second cooling channel 26b is arranged around the lower part of the cooling seat 2d. The external cooling water enters the first zone 2d1 from the cooling inlet 27, flows along the first cooling channel 26a at the top, and flows to the first cooling channel 26a at the bottom through the first cooling channel 26a connected end to end, and then enters the second cooling channel 26b. Guided by the second cooling channel 26b, the cooling water enters the second zone 2d2 through the second cooling channel 26b, flows into the first cooling channel 26a at the lower part of the second zone 2d2, and flows to the first cooling channel 26a at the top of the second zone 2d2 through the first cooling channel 26a connected end to end, and then enters the cooling outlet 28, forming a cooling cycle. Through the cooling of external cooling water, the cooling seat 2d can take away the heat absorbed by the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4, and cool the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4.

[0090] It is understandable that when the cutting device 100 performs flame cutting or laser-flame composite cutting, the gas channel group 8 will be fed with combustion gas to generate a high-temperature flame through a combustion reaction. The combustion gas generally includes a combustion gas and a combustion-supporting gas. Accordingly, the cutting device 100 is also provided with channels for conveying the combustion gas and the combustion-supporting gas. Figure 4 , 10-22, as an example of this embodiment, the gas channel group 8 includes a combustion gas channel 8a and a combustion-supporting gas channel 8b, wherein the combustion gas channel 8a is used to introduce combustion gas, and the combustion gas channel 8a is separated from the combustion-supporting gas channel 8b and connected to the first nozzle assembly 3; the combustion-supporting gas channel 8b is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas and is connected to the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0091] The gas channel group 8 is integrated into the adapter assembly 2, so that the adapter assembly 2 has the functions of height adjustment, conveying combustion gas, and outputting laser, which is conducive to improving the integration of the adapter assembly 2 and facilitating the adapter assembly 2 to cooperate with the existing laser cutting head to form the cutting device 100. Figure 10-22 As an example of this embodiment, the adapter assembly 2 includes an adapter base 2a and a cooling seat 2d, wherein the second channel 11b passes through the adapter base 2a and the cooling seat 2d, and a first accommodating space 2a1 is arranged in the adapter base 2a, the height adjustment assembly 5 is fixed in the first accommodating space 2a1, and a combustion gas inlet channel 30 and a combustion-supporting gas inlet channel 31 are separately arranged on the adapter base 2a, and the combustion gas inlet channel 30 and the combustion-supporting gas inlet channel 31 can be connected to an external gas supply device through a valve; the cooling seat 2d is connected between the adapter base 2a and the first nozzle assembly 3, and a cooling channel 26 for introducing fluid is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat 2d, and the combustion gas channel 8a and the combustion-supporting gas channel 8b are arranged in the cooling seat 2d, and the combustion gas channel 8a is connected to the combustion gas inlet channel 30, and the combustion-supporting gas channel 8b is connected to the combustion gas inlet channel 31.

[0092] By installing a height adjustment component 5 on the adapter component 2, and configuring a cooling seat 2d, a gas channel group 8, and a combustion gas inlet channel 30 and a combustion-supporting gas inlet channel 31 connected to the gas channel group 8, the adapter component 2 integrates functions such as height adjustment, cooling, gas supply, and laser transmission, so that the adapter component 2 forms a highly integrated connection structure, so that the cutting device 100 can be modified using an existing laser cutting head in conjunction with the adapter component 2, thereby expanding the applicable scenarios of the existing laser cutting head and improving the universality of the cutting device 100.

[0093] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting device 100, which sets a height adjustment component 5 above the first nozzle component 3, so that the height adjustment component 5 is away from the high-temperature area of ​​cutting, and avoids the height adjustment component 5 from being directly affected by the high-temperature environment. Moreover, the height adjustment component 5 emits one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves, so that the cutting device 100 can obtain the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9 in a contactless manner, so that the height adjustment component 5 can be adapted to the high-temperature environment of flame cutting and laser-flame composite cutting. Moreover, the height adjustment component 5 can be on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a. A detection area 9 is formed, and the detection area 9 at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path. In this way, when the first nozzle assembly 3 is performing a cutting operation at the current position, the height adjustment assembly 5 can obtain the first spacing distance L of the next position, so that when the cutting device 100 moves along the cutting path, when the first nozzle assembly 3 moves from the current position to the next position, the spacing distance between the first nozzle assembly 3 and the material is always adapted, and the high-energy area of ​​the laser beam and the flame is adapted to the material, so that the cutting device 100 can be adjusted in real time with the moving action during the cutting process to ensure the efficiency of the cutting process.

[0094] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting device for cutting material along a cutting path, characterized in that: include: An adapter assembly, wherein a cutting gas channel and a gas channel group are provided in the adapter assembly, wherein the cutting gas channel is used to introduce cutting gas, and the gas channel group is used to introduce combustion gas; A first nozzle assembly, the first nozzle assembly is connected to the adapter assembly, and the first nozzle assembly includes a first nozzle, the first nozzle is communicated with the cutting gas channel and the gas channel group to guide the cutting gas and the combustion gas to the material; a height adjustment component, the height adjustment component is disposed above the first nozzle component and arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle component, and the height adjustment component moves synchronously with the first nozzle component, and the height adjustment component is configured to emit at least one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, so as to form a detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and obtain a first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component to the detection area, wherein the detection area at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle moves along the cutting path; and, A controller, the controller being connected to at least the height adjustment component, and the controller being configured to adjust a second spacing distance between the first nozzle and the detection area when the first spacing distance L is obtained. .

2. The cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The height adjustment component includes multiple probes, which are used to emit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, thereby forming a sub-detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and the multiple probes are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, so that the multiple sub-detection areas constitute a detection area distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle.

3. The cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting device also includes a plurality of adjustment holes, and with the height direction of the cutting device as a first axial direction, the adjustment holes are extended along the first axial direction, and the adjustment holes have a first end and a second end that are relatively arranged in the first axial direction, the first end is on the side away from the material, and the inner diameter of the adjustment hole gradually increases from the first end to the second end; the probe is connected to the first end, and the area of ​​the sub-detection zone formed by the probe is reduced through the adjustment hole.

4. The cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting device also includes: A main body component, wherein a first channel is disposed in the main body component, and an optical unit is disposed in the first channel, wherein the optical unit is used to adjust a laser beam incident into the first channel; and The adapter assembly is connected to the main assembly, and a second channel is further provided in the adapter assembly, wherein the second channel is interconnected with the first channel to form a laser channel for the laser beam to pass through, and the cutting gas channel is connected to the side of the second channel to guide the cutting gas into the second channel; and the gas channel group is separated from the second channel; and, The first nozzle is in communication with the second channel and the gas channel group to guide the laser beam, cutting gas and combustion gas to the material.

5. The cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The adapter assembly includes an adapter base, a first accommodating space is provided in the adapter base, and the height adjustment assembly is fixed in the first accommodating space; a first light-through hole is provided in the adapter base, the first light-through hole is separated from the first accommodating space, and, with the height direction of the cutting device as the first axial direction, the first light-through hole passes through the adapter base along the first axial direction.

6. The cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that The height adjustment assembly includes a plurality of probes, and the probes are used to transmit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, thereby forming a sub-detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle; and The cutting device also includes a plurality of adjustment holes, which are formed in the adapter base and connected to the first accommodating space, and the plurality of adjustment holes are distributed around the first light-transmitting hole, and the adjustment holes cooperate with the height adjustment assembly so that the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves emitted by the probe can pass through the adjustment holes, thereby reducing the area of ​​the sub-detection area.

7. The cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that The top of the adapter base is provided with an opening communicating with the first accommodating space; and, The adapter assembly further includes an adapter cover plate, which covers the opening and has a second light-through hole disposed therein. The second light-through hole penetrates the adapter cover plate along the first axial direction and is connected to the first light-through hole.

8. The cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that The first light-through hole and the second light-through hole are conical holes, and the side of the conical hole facing the material is the small end; the small end of the second light-through hole is inserted into the interior of the large end of the first light-through hole, and a boss extending toward the outside of the second light-through hole is provided on the outer side of the small end of the second light-through hole, and the boss abuts against the inner side of the large end of the first light-through hole, so that a spacing space is formed between the small end of the second light-through hole and the inner wall of the first light-through hole to prevent the intrusion of foreign matter.

9. The cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first nozzle assembly and the adapter assembly are detachably matched; and the cutting device also includes a second nozzle assembly, which is detachably connected to the adapter assembly, and one of the second nozzle assembly and the first nozzle assembly is connected and fixed to the adapter assembly, and the other is separated from the adapter assembly; and the second nozzle assembly includes a second nozzle, which is connected to the laser channel to guide the laser beam to the material.

10. The cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that The first nozzle assembly also includes a first connecting seat, which is detachably matched with the adapter assembly; and a first connecting hole is provided in the first connecting seat, which is connected to the laser channel; the first nozzle is installed in the first connecting hole and is connected to the first connecting hole; a nozzle channel group connected to the gas channel group is also provided in the first connecting seat, and the nozzle channel group is connected to the first connecting hole to introduce combustion gas into the first nozzle.

11. The cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that The second nozzle assembly further includes a second connection seat, the second connection seat and the adapter assembly are detachably matched, and a third connection hole is provided in the second connection seat, and the third connection hole is communicated with the laser channel.

12. The cutting device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The cutting device also includes a locking block, which is connected to the outer peripheral side of the adapter assembly and presses the first connecting seat or the second connecting seat onto the adapter assembly to connect and fix the first connecting seat or the second connecting seat to the adapter assembly.

13. The cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that The second nozzle assembly further includes a ceramic ring, which is arranged around the laser channel, and the side of the ceramic ring facing the material is connected to the second nozzle; the second nozzle is an induction nozzle, and the side of the ceramic ring facing away from the material is connected to a probe, and the probe is electrically connected to the second nozzle, so that the ceramic ring and the second nozzle form an induction component, and a capacitor is formed between the induction component and the material; and, The height adjustment assembly further includes a control board, the control board is communicatively connected to the controller, and the control board is electrically connected to the probe, so that the control board can obtain the potential change of the capacitor; and The controller is configured to: adjust a third spacing distance between the second nozzle and the material when the potential change is obtained .

14. The cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The adapter assembly includes an adapter top seat connected to the main body assembly, and a third light hole connected to the first channel is arranged in the adapter top seat, and the third light hole constitutes part of the second channel; the cutting gas channel is arranged in the adapter top seat and connected to the external environment.

15. The cutting device according to claim 14, characterized in that An air guide ring is provided in the adapter top seat, and the air guide ring is arranged around the third light through hole. A fourth light through hole connected with the third light through hole is provided in the air guide ring, and a hole wall of the third light through hole at least partially extends into the fourth light through hole, and an air inlet channel is provided between the air guide ring and the adapter top seat, and the air inlet channel is connected with the fourth light through hole and the cutting gas channel, and extends toward the third light through hole to the hole wall inside the fourth light through hole.

16. The cutting device according to claim 15, characterized in that A buffer ring is also provided in the adapter top seat, and the buffer ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring and is spaced apart from the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring, so that an air inlet passage is formed between the buffer ring and the air guide ring, and the air inlet passage is connected with the air inlet channel, and an air inlet hole is provided on the buffer ring, and the air inlet hole connects the air inlet passage and the cutting gas channel.

17. The cutting device according to claim 15, characterized in that An installation space is provided in the adapter top seat, and the installation space is communicated with the third light-through hole. Taking the height direction of the cutting device as the first axial direction, the air guide ring is provided in the installation space and extends along the first axial direction, and the air guide ring is spaced apart from the installation space on a side close to the third light-through hole to form the air inlet channel.

18. The cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The adapter assembly further comprises a cooling seat, which is connected to a side of the first nozzle assembly facing away from the material, and a cooling channel for passing fluid is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat.

19. The cutting device according to claim 18, characterized in that The outer peripheral side of the cooling seat is provided with a first zone and a second zone separated from each other, the first zone is provided with a cooling inlet, and the second zone is provided with a cooling outlet; and, The cooling channel includes a plurality of first cooling channels and at least one second cooling channel, with the height direction of the cutting device as a first axial direction, the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the first axial direction, and the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged in the first zone and the second zone respectively; and, In the first zone, two first cooling channels adjacent to each other in the first axial direction are connected end to end, and the cooling inlet is connected to one of the first cooling channels; In the second zone, two adjacent first cooling channels in the first axial direction are connected end to end, and the cooling outlet is connected to one of the first cooling channels; The second cooling channel is communicated with the first cooling channel located in the first zone and the first cooling channel located in the second zone respectively.

20. The cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas channel group includes a combustion gas channel and a combustion-supporting gas channel, wherein the combustion gas channel is used to introduce combustion gas, and the combustion gas channel is separated from the combustion-supporting gas channel and connected to the first nozzle assembly; the combustion-supporting gas channel is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas and connected to the first nozzle assembly.

21. The cutting device according to claim 20, characterized in that The adapter assembly includes an adapter base and a cooling seat, wherein a first accommodating space is provided in the adapter base, the height adjustment assembly is fixed in the first accommodating space, and a combustion gas intake channel and a combustion-supporting gas intake channel which are separated and arranged are provided on the adapter base; the cooling seat is connected between the adapter base and the first nozzle assembly, and a cooling channel for passing a fluid is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat, and, The combustion gas channel and the combustion-supporting gas channel are arranged in the cooling seat, and the combustion gas channel is communicated with the combustion gas intake channel, and the combustion-supporting gas channel is communicated with the combustion-supporting gas intake channel.

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