Radial clamping device for annular workpiece

Abstract

The invention provides a radial clamping device for an annular workpiece. The problems that the clamping stability of an existing thin-wall workpiece is not enough, the thin-wall workpiece is prone to moving in the machining process, and the machining quality is affected are solved. The workpiece is radially fixed through the two positioning blocks located on the inner side of the workpiece and the pressing block located on the outer side of the workpiece, deformation of the annular workpiece, especially a thin-wall workpiece is avoided when the workpiece is radially positioned and clamped, and high-precision machining can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a radial clamping device for an annular workpiece. Background Art

[0002] In mechanical processing, we often encounter the processing of some annular workpieces, especially some annular workpieces, which need to process the inner and outer circles and end faces. For this annular workpiece, a three-jaw chuck is usually used for clamping, but the jaws of the three-jaw chuck are easy to deform the workpiece when clamping the annular workpiece. Therefore, people began to use suction cups to adsorb the end faces of annular workpieces for processing, but the suction area of ​​the suction cups for many annular workpieces is not enough, that is, the contact area between the suction cups and the end faces of the annular workpieces is small, resulting in a small force area, which makes the clamping stability of the annular workpieces insufficient, and the annular workpieces are easy to move during processing, affecting the processing quality. There is room for improvement in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned existing situation, the equipment of the present invention provides a radial clamping device for an annular workpiece, which is arranged on a machine tool and is characterized in that it includes a rotating disk arranged on the main shaft of the machine tool, an axial positioning surface perpendicular to the main shaft axis and a radial positioning mechanism, the radial positioning mechanism includes two positioning blocks fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned axial positioning surface, the positioning block abuts against the workpiece, and a pressure block for pressing the annular workpiece against the above-mentioned positioning block is arranged on the axial positioning surface, the positioning block and the pressure block are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece, and a driving mechanism for driving the pressure block to move is arranged on one side of the pressure block.

[0004] Preferably, the machine tool is also provided with an axial positioning mechanism, which includes a pressing device for pressing the workpiece against the axial positioning surface, the pressing device includes a fluid pressure plate arranged on the machine tool and facing the above-mentioned axial positioning surface, and a plurality of nozzles are fixedly provided on one end of the fluid pressure plate facing the above-mentioned axial positioning surface for pressing the workpiece against the above-mentioned axial positioning surface.

[0005] Preferably, the fluid pressure disc is provided with a notch for a tool to enter the fluid pressure disc to cut the inside of the workpiece, and the fluid pressure disc is C-shaped.

[0006] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a guide block fixedly arranged on the axial positioning surface, a guide rod movably arranged on the guide block, one end of the guide rod is fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned pressure block, a spring is sleeved on the guide rod for driving the above-mentioned pressure block to move away from the guide block, a base is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk, an inclined wedge block is movably arranged on the side of the base facing the workpiece, the above-mentioned pressure block is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the inclined wedge block facing the workpiece, the spring is located above the inclined wedge block and the spring abuts against the inclined wedge block, a certain gap is left between the guide rod and the inclined wedge block, and the machine tool is provided with a push rod for driving the inclined wedge block to move in the direction of the spring.

[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism is a pneumatic cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the pressing block and the driving mechanism are provided in two groups and correspond to two positioning blocks respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the axial positioning surface is a magnetic suction cup, which can suck the magnetic workpiece and axially position the workpiece.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning block is located inside the annular workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning block is located outside the annular workpiece.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a guide block fixedly arranged on the axial positioning surface, a guide rod movably arranged on the guide block, one end of the guide rod is fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned pressure block, and a spring is sleeved on the guide rod to drive the above-mentioned pressure block to move away from the guide block and towards the above-mentioned positioning block, thereby pressing the workpiece against the positioning block.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, the workpiece is radially fixed by two positioning blocks and a pressure block respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece, and deformation of the annular workpiece, especially the thin-walled workpiece, is avoided when the workpiece is radially positioned and clamped, thereby achieving high-precision processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is the overall structural view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is the overall structural view of the fluid pressure disc;

[0016] Figure 3 This is the overall structural view on the axial positioning surface;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 4;

[0018] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 6.

[0019] Markings in the figure: 1. Main shaft; 2. Axial positioning surface; 3. Pressing device; 4. Radial positioning device; 5. Fluid pressure plate; 6. Nozzle; 7. Positioning block; 8. Pressing block; 9. Driving mechanism; 10. Guide block; 11. Guide rod; 12. Spring; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Pressing surface; 15. Base; 16. Wedge block; 17. Push rod; 18. Rotating disk. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Example 1

[0022] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a radial clamping device for an annular workpiece is arranged on a machine tool, comprising a rotating disk 18 arranged on a main shaft 1 of the machine tool, an axial positioning surface 2 axially perpendicular to the main shaft 1, and a pressing device 3 for pressing the workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2, the axial positioning surface 2 is located on the rotating disk 18, the axial positioning surface 2 is provided with a radial positioning device 4 for positioning the workpiece, the pressing device 3 comprises a fluid pressure disk 5 arranged on the machine tool and facing the axial positioning surface 2, a plurality of nozzles 6 are fixedly arranged on one end of the fluid pressure disk 5 facing the axial positioning surface 2 to press the workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2 after spraying water, and the fluid pressure The disc 5 is provided with a notch for the tool to enter the fluid pressure disc 5 to cut the inside of the workpiece. The fluid pressure disc 5 is C-shaped. The nozzles 6 are evenly distributed on the end face of the fluid pressure disc 5 facing the spindle 1. When processing the workpiece, the tool can enter the fluid pressure disc 5 through the notch to process the inside of the workpiece. The fluid pressure disc 5 is installed on the machine tool through a connecting rod 13 movably arranged on the machine tool. The fluid pressure disc 5 can adjust its position along the length direction of the spindle 1 through the connecting rod 13. The distance between the fluid pressure disc 5 and the axial positioning surface 2 can be conveniently adjusted through the connecting rod 13 for processing different workpieces. The radial positioning device 4 is used to limit the workpiece to be processed in the radial direction. The water flow sprayed by the nozzle 6 on the fluid pressure disc 5 presses the workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2 to complete the fixation of the workpiece. The workpiece is installed more firmly and will not be deformed. When cutting the workpiece, the tool holder can move through the opening on the C-type fluid pressure disc 5 without contacting the fluid pressure disc 5, and the water flow presses the workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2 while taking away the residues in the processing process. The plane where the nozzle is located is parallel to the end face of the workpiece, and multiple nozzles are located on the same plane. The pressure fluid is ejected from the nozzle and flows out from the gap between the nozzle plane and the end face of the workpiece, while pressing the workpiece against the plane of the rotating disc 18.

[0023] The positioning device includes two positioning blocks 7 fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned axial positioning surface 2, and the positioning block 7 abuts against the inner wall of the workpiece. The axial positioning surface 2 is provided with a pressure block 8 for pressing the workpiece against the above-mentioned positioning block 7, and the positioning block 7 and the pressure block 8 are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece. The pressure block 8 is provided with a pressing surface 14 that contacts the workpiece, and one side of the pressure block 8 is provided with a driving mechanism 9 for driving the pressure block 8 to move. The driving mechanism 9 includes a guide block 10 fixedly arranged on the axial positioning surface 2, and a guide rod 11 is movably arranged on the guide block 10, one end of the guide rod 11 is fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned pressure block 8, and a spring 12 is sleeved on the guide rod 11 for driving the above-mentioned pressure block 8 to move away from the guide block 10. A base 15 is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk 18, and an inclined wedge block 16 is movably arranged on the side of the base 15 facing the workpiece. The above-mentioned pressure block 8 is fixedly arranged on the end face of the inclined wedge block 16 facing the workpiece, and the spring 12 is located on the base 15. The guide rod 11 is located above the inclined wedge block 16, and the spring 12 is against the inclined wedge block 16. A certain gap is left between the guide rod 11 and the inclined wedge block 16. The machine tool is provided with a push rod 17 for driving the inclined wedge block 16 to move in the direction of the spring 12. When fixing the workpiece, the spring 12 drives the inclined wedge block 16 to move obliquely along the base 15 and moves the pressure block 8 fixed on the inclined wedge block 16 in the direction of the workpiece and presses the workpiece against the positioning block 7 to complete the fixing of the workpiece. The push rod 17 drives the inclined wedge block 16 to move in the direction of the spring 12 to release the workpiece and then remove the workpiece. The push rod 17 is a cylinder. The radial positioning and clamping of the workpiece by the two positioning blocks 7 and the pressure block 8 avoids the deformation of the annular workpiece, especially the thin-walled workpiece, and can achieve high-precision processing. The drive mechanism 9 makes the workpiece tightly pressed against the two positioning blocks 7, and the positioning is more stable, avoiding the deviation of the workpiece during the processing.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] The difference from Example 1 is that the axial positioning surface 2 is a suction cup, and the workpiece is doubly fixed by the suction cup and the fluid pressure plate 5, and the workpiece is fixed in the radial direction by a plurality of pressure blocks 8 enclosed around the outer circumference of the workpiece.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] The difference from the first embodiment is that two pressing blocks 8 are provided, and the pressing blocks 8 are arranged opposite to the positioning blocks 7 .

[0028] Example 4

[0029] The difference from Example 1 is that Figure 4 As shown, the positioning block 7 is arranged outside the workpiece, and the pressing block 8 is located inside the workpiece. The outer wall of the workpiece is pressed against the positioning block 7 to achieve positioning and fixing of the workpiece.

[0030] Example 5

[0031] The difference from Example 1 is that the axial positioning surface 2 is a magnetic suction cup, which can absorb the magnetic workpiece and axially position the workpiece. At the same time, the annular workpiece is adsorbed by the axial positioning surface 2 of the magnetic suction cup, and the fluid sprayed by the fluid pressure plate 5 presses the annular workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2, realizing double fixation and making the installation more stable.

[0032] Example 6

[0033] The difference from Example 1 is that Figure 5 As shown, the driving mechanism 9 includes a guide block 10 fixedly arranged on the axial positioning surface 2, a guide rod 11 is movably arranged on the guide block 10, one end of the guide rod 11 is fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned pressure block 8, and a spring 12 is sleeved on the guide rod 11 for driving the above-mentioned pressure block 8 to move away from the guide block 10 and toward the above-mentioned positioning block 7 to press the workpiece against the positioning block 7, and the length direction of the guide rod 11 passes through the center of the circle of the above-mentioned rotating disk.

[0034] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A radial clamping device for an annular workpiece, arranged on a machine tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotating disk (18) arranged on a main shaft (1) of a machine tool, an axial positioning surface (2) perpendicular to the main shaft (1) axial direction, and a radial positioning mechanism, wherein the radial positioning mechanism comprises two positioning blocks (7) fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned axial positioning surface (2), the positioning blocks (7) abut against a workpiece, a pressing block (8) for pressing the annular workpiece against the above-mentioned positioning block (7) is arranged on the axial positioning surface (2), the positioning block (7) and the pressing block (8) are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece, and a driving mechanism (9) for driving the pressing block (8) to move is arranged on one side of the pressing block (8).

2. The annular workpiece radial clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool is also provided with an axial positioning mechanism, which includes a pressing device (3) for pressing the annular workpiece against the axial positioning surface (2), and the pressing device (3) includes a fluid pressure disc (5) arranged on the machine tool and facing the above-mentioned axial positioning surface (2), and a plurality of nozzles (6) are fixedly provided at one end of the fluid pressure disc (5) facing the above-mentioned axial positioning surface (2) to press the annular workpiece against the above-mentioned axial positioning surface (2).

3. The annular workpiece radial clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing block (8) and the driving mechanism (9) are provided in two groups and correspond to two positioning blocks (7) respectively.

4. The annular workpiece radial clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial positioning surface (2) is a magnetic suction cup, which can suck the magnetic workpiece and position the workpiece axially.

5. The annular workpiece radial clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (9) comprises a guide block (10) fixedly arranged on the axial positioning surface (2), a guide rod (11) movably arranged on the guide block (10), one end of the guide rod (11) being fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned pressure block (8), a spring (12) being sleeved on the guide rod (11) for driving the above-mentioned pressure block (8) to move in a direction away from the guide block (10), a base (15) being fixedly arranged on the rotating disk (18), an inclined wedge block (16) being movably arranged on the side of the base (15) facing the workpiece, the above-mentioned pressure block (8) being fixedly arranged on the end surface of the inclined wedge block (16) facing the workpiece, the spring (12) being located above the inclined wedge block (16) and abutting against the inclined wedge block (16), a certain gap being left between the guide rod (11) and the inclined wedge block (16), and a push rod (17) being arranged on the machine tool for driving the inclined wedge block (16) to move in the direction of the spring (12).

6. The annular workpiece radial clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The push rod (17) is a gas cylinder or an oil cylinder.

7. The annular workpiece radial clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning block (7) is located inside the annular workpiece.

8. The annular workpiece radial clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning block (7) is located outside the annular workpiece.

9. The annular workpiece radial clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (9) comprises a guide block (10) fixedly arranged on the axial positioning surface (2), a guide rod (11) movably arranged on the guide block (10), one end of the guide rod (11) fixedly arranged on the above-mentioned pressing block (8), and a spring (12) sleeved on the guide rod (11) for driving the above-mentioned pressing block (8) to move away from the guide block (10) and towards the above-mentioned positioning block (7) so as to press the workpiece against the positioning block (7).

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