Pre-charging method, pre-charging device, controller and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-charging method, a pre-charging device, a controller and a vehicle, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a first initial temperature of a target part in a pre-charging loop in response to a pre-charging instruction of target equipment; a pre-charging loop is controlled to pre-charge a load, and the pre-charging frequency and the total pre-charging duration are obtained; based on the total pre-charging duration, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, the first real-time temperature of the target component in the pre-charging process is determined; and controlling the pre-charging loop based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging frequency. Therefore, according to the method, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging duration, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature so as to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging loop is further controlled in combination with the pre-charging frequency and the first real-time temperature of the target component in the pre-charging process. And the pre-charging safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a pre-charging method, a pre-charging device, a controller and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure the safety of the on-board system, when the battery system is connected to the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle power system, the high-voltage circuit needs to be pre-charged. In related technologies, a pre-charging control strategy is formulated by limiting the number of pre-charging times.

[0003] However, the control strategy in the related art is determined based on the failure of the pre-charging circuit, has high limitations, and cannot meet the safety requirements of the pre-charging operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, the first purpose of the present application is to propose a pre-charging method, which monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety.

[0005] The second objective of the present application is to provide a pre-filling device.

[0006] The third objective of the present application is to provide a controller.

[0007] A fourth object of the present application is to provide a vehicle.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the first aspect of the present application proposes a pre-charging method, which includes: in response to a pre-charging instruction of the target device, obtaining a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-charging circuit; controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtaining the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time; determining the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature; and controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times.

[0009] According to the pre-charging method of the embodiment of the present application, first, in response to the pre-charging instruction of the target device, the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit is obtained, and then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load, and the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time are obtained, and based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process is determined, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times. Thus, the method monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the safety of pre-charging.

[0010] In addition, the pre-charging method according to the above embodiment of the present application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, including: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times is less than a preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold, then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again; if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times is less than the preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, then it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present application, after determining that a pre-charging overheating fault exists in a target component and controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the pre-charging method further includes: obtaining a first pre-charging stop time and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load as a second initial temperature of the target component; determining the second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the second initial temperature; and triggering the target device to send a pre-charging instruction again when the second real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present application, in the case of triggering the target device to send the pre-charge instruction again, the pre-charge method further includes: using the second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-charge instruction again as the first initial temperature.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and also includes: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the number of pre-charging times is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, a pre-charging failure signal is output to the target device.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and also includes: in the case of successful pre-charging, controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load; obtaining a second pre-charging stop time and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging is successful as a third initial temperature of the target component; determining the third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the third initial temperature; and determining the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present application, the first initial temperature is determined based on the third real-time temperature, including: when the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack, the body temperature is used as the first initial temperature; wherein the load is pre-charged by the battery pack; when the third real-time temperature is greater than the body temperature of the battery pack, the third real-time temperature is used as the first initial temperature.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging method also includes: obtaining the load voltage and the single pre-charging time; determining that the pre-charging is successful when the load voltage is greater than or equal to the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging time is less than or equal to the single pre-charging time threshold; determining that the pre-charging is unsuccessful when the load voltage is less than the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging time is greater than the single pre-charging time threshold.

[0018] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the second aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a pre-charging device, which includes: an acquisition module, which is used to respond to the pre-charging instruction of the target device and obtain the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit; a control module, which is used to control the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load and obtain the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time; a determination module, which is used to determine the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature; the control module is also used to control the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times.

[0019] According to the pre-charging device of the embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module responds to the pre-charging instruction of the target device to obtain the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit, the control module controls the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtains the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time. The determination module determines the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, and the control module controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times. Thus, the device monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the safety of pre-charging.

[0020] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect of the present application proposes a controller, including: a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned pre-charging method is implemented.

[0021] According to the controller of the embodiment of the present application, when the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned pre-charging method is implemented. Based on the above-mentioned pre-charging method, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the pre-charging number of times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety.

[0022] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, a fourth aspect of the present application proposes a vehicle, including the above-mentioned pre-charging device or the above-mentioned controller.

[0023] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, based on the above-mentioned pre-charging device or the above-mentioned controller, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the pre-charging number of times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety of the vehicle.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a pre-charging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a pre-charging method according to a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a pre-filling device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a block diagram of a controller according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 7A schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0033] The following describes the pre-charging method, pre-charging device, controller and vehicle proposed in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In the related art, the pre-charging control adopts a control strategy to limit the number of pre-charging times. This control strategy is to report a fault if the pre-charging is still unsuccessful when the number of pre-charging executions reaches the target number of pre-charging times. This pre-charging control strategy is formulated based on the fault judgment of the pre-charging circuit, such as the occurrence of vehicle capacitors, damage to the pre-charging resistor, etc., and will not be judged based on temperature rise. Therefore, this technical solution has the following deficiencies:

[0035] 1) In order to ensure the service life and temperature rise tolerance, the electrical components in the pre-charging circuit are generally selected to have higher specifications, which leads to increased costs;

[0036] 2) If the pre-charging times are too high, the temperature of the electrical components in the pre-charging circuit will rise. If the heat is too high, the life and function of the electrical components will be affected;

[0037] 3) If the temperature tolerance of the plastic casing of the electrical components in the pre-charging circuit is low, the temperature rise during the pre-charging process will cause the plastic casing of the electrical components to melt, resulting in failure of the casing insulation and high-voltage safety.

[0038] Therefore, in order to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present application proposes a pre-charging method. During the pre-charging process, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further control the pre-charging circuit in combination with the pre-charging number of times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety.

[0039] Combine the following Figure 1 The pre-charging method of the present application is described in detail.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the pre-charging method of the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:

[0041] S1, in response to a pre-filling instruction of a target device, obtaining a first initial temperature T10 of a target component in a pre-filling circuit;

[0042] S2, control the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtain the pre-charging times n and the total pre-charging time t 总 ;

[0043] S3, based on the total pre-charge time t 总 、Pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of target component 温升 and a first initial temperature T10, determining a first real-time temperature T11 of the target component during the pre-charging process;

[0044] S4, controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the pre-charging times n.

[0045] by Figure 2 For example, the battery pack 1 is connected to the load through the high-voltage plug-in 2. When charging the load through the battery pack 1, the pre-charging relay K2 and the main negative relay K3 are first controlled to be attracted to build a pre-charging circuit to perform a pre-charging operation for the load. During the pre-charging operation, the pre-charging resistor R2 is used to limit the loop current to avoid current shock to the loop and load due to excessive instantaneous current when the loop is turned on, resulting in device damage.

[0046] In the process of precharging the load based on the precharging circuit, after the load is precharged to a certain voltage, the precharging relay K2 is controlled to be disconnected, and the main positive relay K1 and the main negative relay K3 are energized, that is, the precharging circuit is controlled to be disconnected, and the charging circuit constructed by the main positive relay K1 and the main negative relay K3 continues to charge the load until the load is fully charged. In the precharging process, the precharging circuit has two functions: one is to protect the main circuit relay K1 from normal energization; the other is to protect the high-voltage load from directly inputting high-voltage transient current, so as to avoid the high-voltage load from being burned due to the access to high-voltage transient current.

[0047] During the pre-charging process of the load, the temperature rise of the target component in the pre-charging circuit is related to the number of pre-charging times. If the number of consecutive pre-charging times is too many, the temperature of the target component may be too high, thereby affecting the life and function of the target component. In order to solve the temperature rise safety problem of the pre-charging circuit that still exists in the related art, this application proposes a pre-charging method, and performs pre-charging control based on the pre-charging method of this application to improve the safety of the pre-charging operation.

[0048] It should be noted that the target device may be a vehicle, air conditioner or other device that requires pre-charging operation, which is not limited here. The target component is an electrical component that constitutes a pre-charging circuit, such as Figure 2 The pre-charging relay K2, pre-charging resistor R, loop harness, copper bus, etc. The following takes the target device as a vehicle and the target component as a pre-charging resistor as an example to describe the pre-charging method of the present application in detail.

[0049] Upon receiving the pre-charge instruction sent by the vehicle controller, the battery management system responds to the pre-charge instruction and determines the first initial temperature T10 of the pre-charge resistor R. The first initial temperature T10 of the pre-charge resistor R can be calculated based on a formula, or the battery pack body temperature can be directly used as the first initial temperature T10. It should be noted that the battery pack currently has a temperature sensor in the battery cell or some special components (such as the end plate, cover plate, busbar, etc. of the battery pack) to monitor the temperature in the battery pack in real time to prevent overheating or overcooling in the battery pack. Therefore, the present application can directly determine the battery pack body temperature based on the temperature sensor in the existing battery pack, and further apply it to pre-charge control.

[0050] At the same time, when the battery management system receives the pre-charging instruction, it controls the pre-charging relay K2 and the main negative relay K3 to be energized to build a pre-charging circuit to perform the pre-charging operation for the high-voltage load of the vehicle, and obtain the pre-charging number n and the total pre-charging time t 总 The number of pre-charging times n can be divided based on the pre-charging time of each pre-charging. For example, when the pre-charging time of a single pre-charging reaches t1, it is considered that the pre-charging is completed, and so on, to determine the number of pre-charging times n in this pre-charging operation. The total pre-charging time n can be derived based on the number of pre-charging times n, or it can be determined by real-time timing.

[0051] Based on the first initial temperature T10, the total pre-charging time t 总 And the pre-set pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charge resistor R 温升 , through the formula the first real-time temperature T11 = T10 + t 总 *K 温升 The first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charging resistor R is calculated. And according to the first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charging resistor R, it is judged whether the pre-charging resistor R has an over-temperature risk, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the first real-time temperature T11 and the pre-charging number n. For example, when the first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charging resistor R is greater than T1, it is considered that the pre-charging resistor R has an over-temperature risk, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop charging; when the pre-charging number n reaches the preset number n1, it is determined that the pre-charging number of this pre-charging operation has reached the pre-charging limit, and the pre-charging circuit fails, then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop charging; when the first real-time temperature T11 is less than or equal to T1, and the pre-charging number n has not reached the preset number n1, the pre-charging circuit is controlled to continue charging until the pre-charging is successful.

[0052] It should be noted that the present application can first monitor and calibrate the temperature rise of the target component in the pre-charging circuit based on experiments, collect the temperature rise of the target component after each pre-charging during continuous pre-charging, that is, the real-time temperature, and establish a temperature rise control model of the target component through multiple actual temperature sampling values.

[0053] Taking the target component as a pre-charging resistor as an example, firstly, a test model is established based on the target pre-charging circuit, and a temperature sensor is set at the pre-charging resistor of the test model to detect the temperature of the pre-charging resistor in real time. During the test measurement, multiple actual temperature sampling values ​​of the pre-charging resistor in the continuous pre-charging process are obtained through the temperature sensor, and curve fitting is performed based on the multiple actual temperature sampling values ​​of the pre-charging resistor to determine the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the pre-charging resistor, and a temperature rise control model of the pre-charging resistor is established to determine the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charging resistor in the target pre-charging circuit. 温升 The pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charge resistor measured in the test 温升 The battery management system saves the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K in the actual pre-charge process. 温升 The pre-charging method is called, and the first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charging resistor is determined in combination with the total pre-charging time n and the first initial temperature T10. Therefore, the pre-charging method can be applied to the existing pre-charging circuit control without a temperature sensor, which improves the scope of application of the pre-charging method. It can be understood that during the pre-charging process, the temperature rise characteristics of different target components in the pre-charging circuit are different. Therefore, for different target components, the corresponding pre-charging temperature rise coefficient K 温升 For example, the preset temperature coefficient of the pre-charge resistor is K 温升1 ,,The pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the pre-charge relay is K 温升2 , the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the copper bar is K 温升3 , which can be determined based on experiments. In the actual control process, the battery management system determines the corresponding pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K according to the target components used. 温升 , to ensure the temperature rise monitoring effect.

[0054] Therefore, the application of the pre-charging method of the present application does not require any changes to electrical components, only changes to the control logic, and has strong compatibility.

[0055] It should be further explained that the determination of the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component in the pre-charging circuit can be performed after each pre-charging is performed. For example, after the first pre-charging is performed, the pre-charging duration of the first pre-charging is determined, and then the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is determined according to the pre-charging duration of the first pre-charging. It is judged whether overheating occurs or whether there is a risk of overheating based on the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the first pre-charging. In the event of failure of the first pre-charging, it is judged whether to perform the next pre-charging based on the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the first pre-charging. For example, when it is determined that overheating occurs or there is a risk of overheating based on the first real-time temperature T11, the pre-charging is controlled to stop, that is, the next pre-charging is not performed. When it is determined that there is no over-temperature or the risk of over-temperature is low based on the first real-time temperature T11, the next pre-charging operation is continued. The determination and judgment of the first real-time temperature T11 can also be performed simultaneously during the pre-charging operation. For example, the first real-time temperature T11 is synchronously confirmed at a preset time interval, which is not affected by the number of pre-charging times. When the first real-time temperature T11 reaches the preset temperature threshold, it is determined that the target component is over-heated and the pre-charging operation is stopped in time.

[0056] The pre-charging method of this embodiment monitors the temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit in real time, and controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the pre-charging number n, so that there is no need to select redundant pre-charging circuit electrical components as target components in the pre-charging circuit, thereby reducing the application cost. At the same time, without changing other functions, a temperature rise protection strategy is added to improve the overall safety of electrical components and battery packs, making it less likely for fuses in the charging circuit to burn out, reducing after-sales operations for replacing distribution boxes and other electrical components, and in the case of continuous pre-charging, based on temperature monitoring, it is possible to prevent the melting of the plastic shell of the electrical component due to excessive heat accumulation, prevent insulation failure and high-voltage safety failure caused by the melting of the plastic shell, and improve pre-charging safety.

[0057] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charging times n, including: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times n is less than the preset number threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is less than the preset temperature threshold T, then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again; if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times n is less than the preset number threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T, then it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

[0058] The pre-charge overheat fault may be that the target component has overheated, or the target component has not overheated but has a greater risk of overheating.

[0059] Specifically, when the pre-charging time of this pre-charging reaches the preset charging time, it is determined that this pre-charging is over. If the load voltage does not reach the target voltage at the end of this pre-charging, it is considered that this pre-charging is unsuccessful. If the pre-charging number n is less than the preset number threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is less than the preset temperature threshold T, the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again, that is, to perform the next pre-charging. If the pre-charging number n is less than the preset number threshold N, but the first real-time temperature T11 is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T, it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, a pre-charging overheating fault reminder is reported, and the pre-charging relay is controlled to disconnect, and the pre-charging process is exited.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging method further includes: obtaining the load voltage and the single pre-charging time t0; determining that the pre-charging is successful when the load voltage is greater than or equal to the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging time t0 is less than or equal to the single pre-charging time threshold t; determining that the pre-charging is unsuccessful when the load voltage is less than the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging time t is greater than the single pre-charging time threshold t0. The pre-charging voltage threshold can be set based on actual conditions.

[0061] That is to say, during the pre-charging process, the load voltage is obtained in real time, and the load voltage is compared with the pre-charging voltage threshold. If the load voltage has reached the pre-charging voltage threshold when the single pre-charging time t0 of this pre-charging is less than or equal to the single pre-charging time threshold t, then the pre-charging is considered to be successful, and the pre-charging of the load is stopped, that is, the pre-charging circuit is controlled to be disconnected and the charging circuit is turned on, and the load continues to be charged through the charging circuit; if the load voltage is still less than the pre-charging voltage threshold when the single pre-charging time t0 of this pre-charging reaches the single pre-charging time threshold t, then it is determined that the pre-charging is unsuccessful, and whether to continue the next pre-charging is determined based on the number of pre-charging times n and the first real-time temperature T11.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present application, after determining that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault and controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the pre-charging method further includes: obtaining a first pre-charging stop time t1 and a first real-time temperature T11 of the target component when the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load as a second initial temperature T20 of the target component; based on the first pre-charging stop time t1, the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 and the second initial temperature T20, determine the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component; when the second real-time temperature T21 is less than the preset temperature threshold T, trigger the target device to send the pre-charge instruction again.

[0063] That is to say, in the case of multiple pre-charging, when the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T, the pre-charging process is exited. At this time, the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is the highest temperature of the target component and is also the second initial temperature T20 when the cooling starts.

[0064] The vehicle's battery management system determines the first pre-charging stop time t1 and the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component according to the real-time determination. 温降 , based on the formula T21 = T20-t1*K 温降 , calculate and obtain the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component. When the second real-time temperature T21 drops below the preset temperature threshold T, the battery management system sends a pre-charging instruction to the vehicle controller, triggering the vehicle controller to send a pre-charging instruction again to continue the pre-charging operation.

[0065] Therefore, in order to ensure the pre-charging function, this embodiment does not limit the pre-charging function all the time after the pre-charging overheating fault protection is triggered. Instead, charging is resumed in time when the real-time temperature of the target component drops to a safe range, that is, below the preset temperature threshold T, so as to minimize the impact on customer use.

[0066] It should be noted that the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 It can be determined based on experiments, and the specific reference can be made to the above-mentioned pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K 温升 The determination method is not described here.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the target device is triggered to send the pre-charging instruction again, the pre-charging method further includes: using the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-charging instruction again as the first initial temperature T10.

[0068] That is, based on the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 When it is determined that the real-time temperature of the target component drops below the preset temperature threshold T, when the pre-charging operation is performed again, the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component is used as the first initial temperature T10 to determine the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component during the pre-charging process.

[0069] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the pre-charging number n, and also includes: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the pre-charging number n is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold N, a pre-charging failure signal is output to the target device.

[0070] That is to say, the number of consecutive pre-charging times is limited during the pre-charging operation. In the event of a pre-charging failure, if the pre-charging number is greater than or equal to the preset number threshold N, the pre-charging operation will no longer be performed, and a pre-charging failure signal will be reported to the vehicle controller, so that a fault alarm can be issued through the vehicle controller. For example, the fault code can be displayed on the central control screen.

[0071] Since the reason why the pre-charging times n is greater than or equal to the preset times threshold N may be that there is a faulty device in the pre-charging circuit, such as a faulty pre-charging capacitor or pre-charging resistor of the vehicle, the load still fails to be pre-charged when the pre-charging times n reaches the preset times threshold N, it is necessary to report the fault to the operator for processing. After the pre-charging failure signal is output to the target device, the operator can manually clear the fault or trigger the pre-charging instruction again after waiting for a preset time to continue the pre-charging operation.

[0072] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charging times n, and further includes: in the case of successful pre-charging, controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load; obtaining the second pre-charging stop time t2 and the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component when the pre-charging is successful as the third initial temperature T30 of the target component; based on the second pre-charging stop time t2, the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 and the third initial temperature T30, determining a third real-time temperature T31 of the target component; and determining the first initial temperature T10 based on the third real-time temperature T31.

[0073] That is to say, after the pre-charging is successful, the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load to exit the pre-charging process. The battery management system is based on the formula T31 = T30-t2*K 温降 Calculate the third real-time temperature T31, where T30 is equal to the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component at the end of this pre-charging. When the pre-charging operation is performed next time, the battery management system determines the first initial temperature T10 of the target component for the next pre-charging based on the third real-time temperature T31 determined by the formula. For example, the third real-time temperature T31 of the target component can be directly used as the first initial temperature T10 for the next pre-charging, or when the third real-time temperature T31 of the target component drops to the ambient temperature, the ambient temperature determined in real time can be used as the first initial temperature T10 for the next pre-charging.

[0074] According to one embodiment of the present application, the first initial temperature T10 is determined based on the third real-time temperature T31, including: when the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack, the body temperature is used as the first initial temperature T10; wherein the load is pre-charged by the battery pack; when the third real-time temperature T31 is greater than the body temperature of the battery pack, the third real-time temperature T31 is used as the first initial temperature T10.

[0075] That is to say, when the pre-charge is successful and the pre-charge process is exited, the battery management system follows T31 = T30-t2*K 温降 Calculate the real-time temperature T31 of the target component of the pre-filling loop. When T31 drops to the same temperature as the package body, the temperature T31 of the target component is no longer calculated according to the formula. If the third real-time temperature T31 has dropped to the same temperature as the package body at the beginning of the next pre-filling, the first initial temperature T10 of the target component is the package body temperature. If the third real-time temperature T31 has not dropped to the same temperature as the package body at the beginning of the next pre-filling, the first initial temperature T10 of the target component is the third real-time temperature T31.

[0076] It should be noted that the calculation of the third real-time temperature T31 can be determined at the beginning of the next pre-charge, or it can be calculated after the current pre-charge is successful. For example, after the vehicle controller sends the pre-charge instruction again, the battery management system obtains the first real-time temperature T11 when the last pre-charge was successfully completed, and determines the second pre-charge stop time t2 based on the time between the start of this pre-charge and the end of the last pre-charge, and then corrects the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the last pre-charge success based on the second pre-charge stop time t2 to determine the third real-time temperature T31. If the third real-time temperature T31 is greater than the package temperature, the third real-time temperature T31 is used as the first initial temperature T10 of this pre-charge. If the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the package temperature, the package temperature is used as the second initial temperature T10 of this pre-charge.

[0077] It should be noted that the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the target component in this application is 温升 And the preset temperature drop coefficient K 温降 It is obtained from actual tests. It may be different under different battery pack designs and different electrical component selection arrangements. It is also affected by the pre-charging strategy. Therefore, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient K can be calculated based on different battery pack designs, electrical component selections, and pre-charging strategies. 温升 And the preset temperature drop coefficient K 温降 is determined for use in pre-charge control.

[0078] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the target device is a vehicle, and the target component in the pre-charging circuit is a pre-charging resistor, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pre-charging method may include the following steps:

[0079] S101, the vehicle controller sends a pre-charging instruction.

[0080] S102, the battery management system responds to the pre-charging instruction and obtains a first initial temperature T10 of the pre-charging resistor.

[0081] S103, control the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, obtain the pre-charging number n and the total pre-charging time t 总 .

[0082] S104, calculate the first real-time temperature T11 = T10 + t 总 *K 温升 .

[0083] S105, determine whether the pre-charging is successful. If yes, execute step S106; if no, execute step S112.

[0084] S106, controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, and determining a third initial temperature T30 of the pre-charging resistor when the pre-charging is successfully completed.

[0085] S107, determining a second pre-charging stop time t2.

[0086] S108, calculate the third real-time temperature of the pre-charging resistor T31 = T30-t2*K 温降 .

[0087] S109, determining whether the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack. If so, executing step S110; if not, executing step S111.

[0088] S110, taking the temperature of the package as the first initial temperature T10 of the next pre-filling operation. Execute step S102.

[0089] S111, taking the third real-time temperature T31 as the first initial temperature T11 of the next pre-charging operation. Execute step S102.

[0090] S112, determine whether the pre-charging times n is less than the preset times threshold N. If yes, execute step S113; if no, execute step S106.

[0091] S113, determining whether the first real-time temperature T11 is less than a preset temperature threshold T. If yes, executing step S103; if no, executing step S114.

[0092] S114, determining that the pre-charge resistor has a pre-charge overheat fault.

[0093] S115, controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, and obtaining a second initial temperature T20 of the pre-charging resistor when the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

[0094] S116, determining a first pre-charging stop time t1.

[0095] S117, calculate the second real-time temperature of the pre-charging resistor T21 = T20-t2*K 温降 .

[0096] S118, determining whether the second real-time temperature T21 is less than a preset temperature threshold T. If yes, executing step S119; if no, executing step S116.

[0097] S119, triggering the vehicle controller to send a pre-charging instruction again, and using the second real-time temperature T21 as the first initial temperature T10. Execute step S102.

[0098] In summary, according to the pre-charging method of the embodiment of the present application, first, in response to the pre-charging instruction of the target device, the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit is obtained, and then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load, and the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time are obtained, and based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process is determined, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times. Thus, the method monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the safety of pre-charging.

[0099] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a pre-charging device.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, the pre-charging device of the embodiment of the present application may include: an acquisition module 10, a control module 20 and a determination module 30.

[0101] Among them, the acquisition module 10 is used to respond to the pre-charging instruction of the target device and obtain the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit. The control module 20 is used to control the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load and obtain the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time. The determination module 30 is used to determine the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature. The control module 20 is also used to control the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times.

[0102] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and is specifically used for: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times is less than a preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold, then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again; if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times is less than the preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, then it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

[0103] According to one embodiment of the present application, after determining that a pre-charging overheating fault exists in the target component and controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the control module 20 is also used to: obtain a first pre-charging stop time and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load as a second initial temperature of the target component; determine the second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the second initial temperature; and trigger the target device to send a pre-charging instruction again when the second real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold.

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the target device is triggered to send the pre-fill instruction again, the control module 20 is specifically used to: use the second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-fill instruction again as the first initial temperature.

[0105] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and is also used to: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the number of pre-charging times is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, output a pre-charging failure signal to the target device.

[0106] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and is also used to: control the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load when the pre-charging is successful; obtain the second pre-charging stop time and the first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging is successful as the third initial temperature of the target component; determine the third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the third initial temperature; determine the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature.

[0107] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 determines the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature, and is specifically used for: when the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack, using the body temperature as the first initial temperature; wherein the load is pre-charged through the battery pack; when the third real-time temperature is greater than the body temperature of the battery pack, using the third real-time temperature as the first initial temperature.

[0108] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 is also used to: obtain the load voltage and the single pre-charge time; determine that the pre-charge is successful when the load voltage is greater than or equal to the pre-charge voltage threshold and the single pre-charge time is less than or equal to the single pre-charge time threshold; determine that the pre-charge is unsuccessful when the load voltage is less than the pre-charge voltage threshold and the single pre-charge time is greater than the single pre-charge time threshold.

[0109] It should be noted that for details not disclosed in the pre-charging device of the embodiment of the present application, please refer to the details disclosed in the pre-charging method of the above embodiment of the present application, and the details will not be repeated here.

[0110] According to the pre-charging device of the embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module responds to the pre-charging instruction of the target device to obtain the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit, the control module controls the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtains the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time. The determination module determines the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, and the control module controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times. Thus, the device monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the safety of pre-charging.

[0111] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a controller.

[0112] like Figure 5 As shown, the controller 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes: a memory 110, a processor 120, and a program stored in the memory 110 and executable on the processor 120. When the processor 120 executes the program, the above-mentioned pre-charging method is implemented.

[0113] According to the controller of the embodiment of the present application, when the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned pre-charging method is implemented. Based on the above-mentioned pre-charging method, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the pre-charging number of times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety.

[0114] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a vehicle.

[0115] like Figure 6 As shown, the vehicle 1000 of the embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned pre-charging device 1100, or, as Figure 7 As shown, the vehicle 100 of an embodiment of the present application includes the controller 100 described above.

[0116] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, based on the above-mentioned pre-charging device or the above-mentioned controller, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the pre-charging number of times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety of the vehicle.

[0117] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection portion with one or more wirings (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0118] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0119] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0120] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0121] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0122] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pre-charging method, characterized in that: The method comprises: In response to a pre-fill instruction of a target device, acquiring a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-fill loop; Controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtaining the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging duration; Determining a first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; The pre-filling circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-filling times.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging times includes: In the case where the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the pre-charging times are less than a preset times threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold, controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load again; In the event that the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the pre-charging times are less than the preset times threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After determining that the target component has a pre-charge overheat fault and controlling the pre-charge circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the method further includes: Acquire a first pre-charging stop duration and control the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load when the first real-time temperature of the target component is used as a second initial temperature of the target component; determining a second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the second initial temperature; When the second real-time temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, the target device is triggered to send the pre-charge instruction again.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that In the case of triggering the target device to send the pre-charge instruction again, the method further includes: The second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-charge instruction again is used as the first initial temperature.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging times further includes: In the case that the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the pre-charging times are greater than or equal to the preset times threshold, a pre-charging failure signal is output to the target device.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging times further includes: If the pre-charging is successful, the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load; Acquire a second pre-charging stop time and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging is successful as a third initial temperature of the target component; determining a third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the third initial temperature; The first initial temperature is determined based on the third real-time temperature.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The determining the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature comprises: When the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack, the body temperature is used as the first initial temperature; wherein the load is precharged by the battery pack; When the third real-time temperature is greater than the body temperature of the battery pack, the third real-time temperature is used as the first initial temperature.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Get the load voltage and single pre-charge duration; In the case where the load voltage is greater than or equal to the pre-charge voltage threshold and the single pre-charge duration is less than or equal to the single pre-charge duration threshold, determining that the pre-charge is successful; When the load voltage is less than the pre-charge voltage threshold and the single pre-charge time length is greater than the single pre-charge time length threshold, it is determined that the pre-charge is unsuccessful.

9. A pre-filling device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module, configured to acquire a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-filling circuit in response to a pre-filling instruction of a target device; A control module, used to control the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtain the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time; a determination module, configured to determine a first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; The control module is further used to control the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-charging times.

10. A controller, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the pre-charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a pre-charging device according to claim 9, or a controller according to claim 10.

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