A combined chute blocking monitoring method, device and conveying equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a combined chute blockage monitoring method, comprising the following steps: emitting pulsed light to the optical fiber in contact with the chute, acquiring the feedback light wave signal; acquiring the sound wave signal of the chute; and judging whether the chute is blocked according to the light wave signal and the sound wave signal. The combined chute blockage monitoring method has high sensitivity, good timeliness, small environmental influence, and can effectively improve the accuracy of chute blockage early warning, and helps to ensure the continuous and safe operation of the production system conveyor. The application also provides a combined chute blockage monitoring device and a conveying equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a combined chute blocking monitoring method, device and conveying equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In many industries, the chute of the belt conveyor is mainly used to guide the conveying material and buffer the material flow rate. It is widely used because of its high material conveying capacity, continuous operation and high stability. However, the chute of the belt conveyor is prone to blocking during operation, which not only reduces the conveying efficiency, but also may cause damage to the equipment, affect the production process and cause economic losses. Especially in the case of handling bulk materials such as coal, ore, etc., the blocking problem is more prominent.

[0003] The causes of blocking are various, including material properties, mismatch of conveying speed and equipment load, unreasonable equipment design and external environmental factors. In the production site, the high humidity and high dust environmental conditions further aggravate the complexity of the blocking problem. In this environment, the material adheres and accumulates in the key positions of the conveyor and the chute, which is difficult to discover and handle in time. The traditional blocking detection relies on manual inspection, which not only consumes time and effort, but also due to the harsh working conditions, the accuracy and timeliness of detection are difficult to guarantee. In addition, existing monitoring methods, such as simple physical sensors, often cannot provide real-time data feedback and cannot actively warn of the risk of blocking. Therefore, how to accurately and efficiently identify and warn the blocking phenomenon of the belt conveyor has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in the industry.

[0004] In order to solve the problem of blocking, monitoring devices are usually installed for real-time monitoring. These devices are mostly based on pressure sensors or photoelectric detection technology, but such sensors have deficiencies in detection accuracy and signal transmission stability. Moreover, such traditional sensors perform poorly in the harsh working environment of high dust and high humidity where the conveyor is located, resulting in the inability to timely, accurately and effectively identify the blocking phenomenon. At the same time, the monitoring accuracy of the sensor equipment is affected by many factors, including environmental interference, equipment aging, data transmission and other problems, making it prone to failure or failure. Such occasional failures can mislead the monitoring results, affecting the true monitoring ability of the monitoring equipment, thereby further reducing the monitoring accuracy. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a combined chute blocking monitoring method, which is sensitive, timely, less affected by the environment, and can effectively improve the accuracy of chute blocking early warning, helping to ensure the continuous and safe operation of the production system conveyor. The present application also provides a combined chute blocking monitoring device and a conveying equipment.

[0006] The present invention provides a combined chute blockage monitoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Send pulsed light to the optical fiber in contact with the chute to obtain feedback light wave signals;

[0008] Acquire the acoustic wave signal of the chute;

[0009] Determine whether the chute is blocked based on light wave signals and sound wave signals.

[0010] Furthermore, the method of determining whether the chute is blocked based on the light wave signal and the sound wave signal specifically includes the following steps:

[0011] Processing the light wave signal to obtain a first vibration signal;

[0012] obtaining a first material blocking state according to the first vibration signal;

[0013] Processing the sound wave signal to obtain a second vibration signal;

[0014] obtaining a second material blocking state according to the second vibration signal;

[0015] It is determined whether the chute is blocked according to the first blocking state and the second blocking state.

[0016] Furthermore, the processing of the light wave signal to obtain the first vibration signal specifically includes: performing photoelectric conversion on the light wave signal to obtain an electrical signal; and filtering and noise reduction processing on the electrical signal to obtain an electrical signal with vibration signal characteristics as the first vibration signal.

[0017] Furthermore, obtaining the first material blocking state according to the first vibration signal specifically includes: calculating the power spectrum density of the first vibration signal in real time;

[0018] Obtain the minimum value of the energy of each frequency band of the first vibration signal within a set time;

[0019] The maximum value E among the minimum values ​​of energy in each frequency band min With the threshold E thr Compare and obtain E min With E thr The difference E is taken as the first blocking state.

[0020] Furthermore, the processing of the sound wave signal to obtain the second vibration signal specifically includes: parsing the sound wave signal to obtain a Mel-like spectrogram, thereby obtaining the second vibration signal.

[0021] Furthermore, obtaining the second material blocking state according to the second vibration signal specifically includes: extracting vibration signal features from the second vibration signal using a composite feature extraction algorithm;

[0022] The vibration signal features are compared with preset chute blockage feature database to obtain a fault probability S, and P=1-S is output as the second blockage state according to the fault probability S;

[0023] The chute blockage feature database is obtained after analysis, training and testing of multiple groups of vibration signals of the chute.

[0024] Further, the first blockage state is E, and the second blockage state is P, and the determination of whether the chute is blocked according to the first blockage state and the second blockage state specifically comprises:

[0025] The weight coefficients a and β of the first blockage state E and the second blockage state P are respectively given, and a+β=1;

[0026] The determination basis R is obtained according to the following formula:

[0027] R=a·E+β·P

[0028] If R is greater than or equal to 0, it is determined that the chute is blocked, and a fault signal is generated; if R is less than 0, it is determined that the chute is not blocked, and a normal signal is generated.

[0029] The application also provides a combined chute blockage monitoring device, comprising a fiber optic sensor, an industrial pickup and a monitoring unit, the fiber optic sensor comprises a fiber in contact with the chute, for emitting pulsed light to the fiber, and obtaining feedback light wave signals; the industrial pickup is used to obtain the sound wave signals of the chute; the monitoring unit is electrically connected with the fiber optic sensor and the industrial pickup, and is used to determine whether the chute is blocked according to the light wave signals and the sound wave signals.

[0030] Further, the fiber optic sensor and the industrial pickup are both provided with multiple ones, one fiber optic sensor and one industrial pickup as a group of monitoring members, the fiber optic sensor and the industrial pickup in the same group are arranged at the same horizontal height, and the groups of monitoring members are distributed on the vertical surface of the chute towards the belt conveyor in the vertical direction.

[0031] Further, the fiber optic sensor further comprises a special clamp, the special clamp is in a bowl-shaped structure with a protrusion to one side, the opening of the bowl-shaped structure is buckled on the surface of the chute, one end of the fiber is taken as a midpoint of the center of the bowl-shaped structure of the special clamp, and is spirally wound in the protruding area of the special clamp, and the other end is led out from the special clamp and connected with the monitoring unit.

[0032] Further, the minimum bending radius of the fiber is not less than 20 times of the diameter of the fiber.

[0033] Further, the monitoring unit comprises a first monitoring host, a second monitoring host and an intelligent scheduling cloud platform, the first monitoring host is electrically connected with the optical fiber sensitizer, is used for obtaining a first vibration signal by processing the optical wave signal, and obtaining a first plugging state according to the first vibration signal; the second monitoring host is electrically connected with the industrial pickup, is used for obtaining a second vibration signal by processing the sound wave signal, and obtaining a second plugging state according to the second vibration signal; and the intelligent scheduling cloud platform is electrically connected with the first monitoring host and the second monitoring host, is used for judging whether the chute is plugged according to the first plugging state and the second plugging state.

[0034] The application further provides a conveying device comprising a chute, a belt conveyor and the combined chute plugging monitoring device, the belt conveyor is arranged above the chute at the end, is used for conveying materials to the chute, and the combined chute plugging monitoring device is installed on the chute, is used for monitoring whether the chute is plugged.

[0035] The combined chute plugging monitoring method can judge whether the chute is plugged by the feedback contents of the chute optical wave signal and the sound wave signal, the combined design can realize comprehensive collection and analysis of the vibration signal, significantly improves the precision and reliability of the chute plugging detection, and has the ability to adapt to complex environments, the correlation analysis can exclude the false alarm risk of single mode caused by environmental noise or mechanical interference, and the obtained signal fuses the vibration spectrum and the voiceprint characteristics, and can provide support for realizing from abnormal alarm to further early warning and root cause analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the combined chute plugging monitoring method in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0037] Figure 2 is a processing flowchart of the first monitoring host in the combined chute plugging monitoring method in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a chute plugging feature database establishment flowchart of the second monitoring host in the combined chute plugging monitoring method in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the combined chute plugging monitoring device in embodiment 2 of the application;

[0040] Figure 5 is a layout position schematic diagram of the combined chute plugging monitoring device in embodiment 2 of the application;

[0041] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical fiber sensitizer of the combined chute plugging monitoring device in embodiment 2 of the application.

[0042] In the figure: 1, chute; 11, upper part of the chute; 12, middle part of the chute; 13, lower part of the chute; 2, optical fiber sensitizer; 21, optical fiber; 22, special clamp; 3, industrial pickup; 4, first monitoring host; 5, second monitoring host; 6, belt conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must be provided with a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0045] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "arrangement", "installation", "fixation" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] The combined chute blocking monitoring method of the present embodiment can use the monitoring device in Embodiment 2, and the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] Pulse light is emitted to the optical fiber 21 contacting the chute 1, and the feedback light wave signal is obtained;

[0050] The sound wave signal of the chute 1 is obtained;

[0051] According to the light wave signal and the sound wave signal, it is determined whether the chute 1 is blocked.

[0052] In this embodiment, a fiber optic sensitizer 2 is specifically used to obtain the feedback light wave signal, that is, by emitting pulsed light to obtain the Rayleigh scattered light in the optical fiber 21; an industrial microphone 3 is used to obtain the sound wave signal of the chute 1. The signals obtained by the two are collectively referred to as acoustic vibration data.

[0053] The combined chute blockage monitoring method of this embodiment determines whether chute 1 is blocked by jointly using the feedback of the chute light wave signal and the sound wave signal. This combined design can realize the comprehensive collection and analysis of vibration signals, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of chute 1 blockage detection, and has the ability to adapt to complex environments. The correlation analysis can eliminate the risk of false alarms caused by environmental noise or mechanical interference in a single method, and the acquired signal integrates the vibration spectrum and soundprint characteristics, and can also provide support for the transition from abnormal alarm to further early warning and root cause analysis.

[0054] The optical and acoustic signals, respectively, provide quantitative physical vibration and dynamic flow information. Combined analysis and judgment can also keenly detect anomalies in chute 1 caused by changes in material properties that could lead to blockage. For example, when increased humidity causes a sudden change in adhesion, a slight decrease in vibration amplitude is difficult to detect in the optical signal. However, the disappearance of high-frequency harmonics from the friction between the material and the chute wall will cause a significant change in the acoustic signal. Therefore, this method can capture these "soft blockage precursors" and provide early warning. Furthermore, in environments with strong background noise, where acoustic signals are interfered with, the optical signal can serve as an important reference, ensuring that blockage characteristics can be extracted.

[0055] In this embodiment, it is determined whether the chute 1 is blocked based on the light wave signal and the sound wave signal. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0056] Processing the light wave signal to obtain a first vibration signal;

[0057] obtaining a first material blocking state according to the first vibration signal;

[0058] Processing the sound wave signal to obtain a second vibration signal;

[0059] obtaining a second material blocking state according to the second vibration signal;

[0060] It is determined whether the chute 1 is blocked according to the first blocking state and the second blocking state.

[0061] Specifically, the light wave signal is processed to obtain the first vibration signal, which specifically includes: performing photoelectric conversion on the light wave signal to obtain an electrical signal; demodulating, filtering and noise reduction processing (filtering and noise reduction can also be collectively referred to as preprocessing) on ​​the electrical signal, thereby obtaining the vibration signal characteristics during the blockage process of chute 1, that is, obtaining an electrical signal with vibration signal characteristics as the first vibration signal.

[0062] According to the first vibration signal, the first plugging state is obtained, as shown in the following formula: Figure 2 Specifically, the first plugging state is obtained according to the first vibration signal, and the specific steps include:

[0063] The power spectral density of the first vibration signal is calculated in real time, that is, the first vibration signal is decomposed into different frequency groups, and then the energy of each frequency group is calculated in real time;

[0064] The minimum value of the energy of each frequency band of the first vibration signal in a set time is obtained; this set time can be 5 hours (also referred to as a cumulative period T), that is, in this embodiment, the minimum value of the energy of each frequency band of the first vibration signal is obtained every 5 hours, the comparison is completed, and the accumulation is obtained again;

[0065] The maximum value E min of the minimum value of the energy of each frequency band is obtained, and the maximum value E thr is compared with the set threshold E min , and the difference E between E thr and E thr is obtained as the first plugging state. The set threshold E thr is obtained in the following manner: sampling (first vibration signal) is performed on the data of the chute in 5 hours of normal operation, each 5s is taken as a sample, the vibration signal of the 5s is divided into multiple segments in the frequency domain at a rate of 500 Hz per segment, the energy of each frequency band is calculated, the maximum value of the minimum value of the energy of each frequency band is taken, and the maximum energy in the sampling energy value (the aforementioned multiple maximum values) of 5 hours is taken as the set threshold E thr .

[0066] Specifically, the second vibration signal is obtained by processing the sound wave signal, and the specific steps include:

[0067] The sound wave signal is analyzed to obtain a mel spectrogram, thereby obtaining the second vibration signal. Specifically, the electrical signal can be transmitted and then output amplified, and preprocessed and normalized as needed, and then converted into a mel spectrogram (or mel spectrum, which is a signal conversion process that is currently available technology and will not be described here). The mel spectrogram is based on the mel scale and can better simulate the sensitivity of the human ear to different frequencies, and is sensitive to low-frequency segments of faults, so the recognition is more accurate.

[0068] The second plugging state is obtained according to the second vibration signal, and the specific steps include:

[0069] A composite feature extraction algorithm is used to extract the vibration signal features in the second vibration signal; this composite feature extraction algorithm can be selected from the currently available algorithms according to the specific situation, and the vibration signal features in the second vibration signal can be obtained. This vibration signal feature can be a comprehensive description that integrates multiple information sources or feature types;

[0070] The vibration signal features are compared with a preset chute plugging feature database to obtain a fault probability S, and a (probability difference) P = 1-S is output as the second plugging state according to the fault probability S;

[0071] The chute plugging feature database is obtained through analysis, training and testing of multiple groups of vibration signals of the chute 1.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , multiple groups of vibration signals of the chute 1 are divided into a training set for model training and a test set for evaluating the generalization ability of the model (the test set further includes a registration set and a verification set), feature extraction is performed on each set, and a (convolutional) neural network algorithm is used to train, test and verify the model, so that the model learns the potential law of the sound and vibration data, thereby forming a chute plugging feature database model. After the actual vibration signal features are input and compared, the fault probability (density) S can be obtained, and thus the second plugging state P = 1-S is obtained.

[0073] In this embodiment, the first plugging state is E, and the second plugging state is P. Whether the chute 1 is plugged is determined according to the first plugging state and the second plugging state, and specifically includes:

[0074] The weight coefficients a and β of the first plugging state E and the second plugging state P are respectively given, and a + β = 1;

[0075] The judgment basis R is obtained according to the following formula:

[0076] R = aE + βP

[0077] If R ≥ 0, it is determined that the chute 1 is plugged, and a fault signal is generated; if R < 0, it is determined that the chute 1 is not plugged, and a normal signal is generated. In this embodiment, the weight coefficients are distributed according to the accuracy rates of the two signals in the historical data in plugging judgment, that is, assuming that the accuracy rate of the light wave signal in the historical data is A E , and the accuracy rate of the sound wave signal in the historical data is A P , the weight coefficients can be distributed according to the proportion of the accuracy rates:

[0078]

[0079] The method of this embodiment can be used in the technical field of belt conveying system monitoring, and is suitable for the abnormal plugging working condition commonly existing at the transfer chute 1 of the belt conveyor 6. The existing detection technology has problems such as high manual intensity, detection lag and insufficient accuracy. A monitoring scheme based on the common collection of vibration signals by the fiber optic vibration detector and the industrial pickup is provided, which is suitable for real-time monitoring and early warning of plugging in the belt conveying system of the coal, mine, power and chemical industries.

[0080] The specific steps of the monitoring method combined with the specific monitoring device in embodiment 2 are as shown in the following table: Figure 1

[0081] Step one: the optical fiber monitoring host (the first monitoring host 4) emits a laser beam with pulses in real time, the Rayleigh scattering light returned through the optical fiber 21 monitors the running state light wave signal of the chute 1 in real time, and the pickup monitoring host (the second monitoring host 5) monitors the sound wave signal of the inner wall of the chute 1 in real time.

[0082] Step two: when the optical fiber monitoring host detects the Rayleigh scattering light wave with a changed phase, through a series of signal processing such as photoelectric conversion, filtering and noise reduction, the vibration signal characteristics of the chute 1 plugging process are obtained, the power spectral density is calculated in real time, and the minimum values E min of the energy of each frequency band are compared with the set threshold value E thr to judge the chute plugging state and output the difference E. min between E thr and E

[0083] Step three: when the pickup monitoring host receives the abnormal vibration sound wave from the chute 1, the vibration signal characteristics are extracted and analyzed, the fault probability is predicted by comparing and analyzing the data in the preset chute 1 plugging characteristic database, the fault probability S at this time is obtained, and P = 1-S is output.

[0084] Step four: the output signals E and P of the two monitoring hosts are transmitted to the intelligent scheduling cloud platform in real time, the real-time running condition is calculated through a given weight coefficient, the most appropriate weight coefficient can be given through multiple experiments, and the judgment basis R is obtained according to the following formula:

[0085] R = a·E + b·P

[0086] wherein a and b are the weight coefficients of the optical fiber and the pickup signal respectively, and a + b = 1. By adjusting the weight coefficients, the accuracy performance of the two under different working conditions can be optimized. If R ≥ 0, it is determined that the chute 1 is plugged, and a fault signal is generated; if R < 0, it is determined that the chute 1 is not plugged, and a normal signal is generated.

[0087] Embodiment 2

[0088] The combined chute plugging monitoring device of the embodiment can be used to realize the monitoring method in embodiment 1. The device specifically comprises an optical fiber sensitizer 2, an industrial pickup 3 and a monitoring unit. The optical fiber sensitizer 2 comprises an optical fiber 21 in contact with the chute 1, for emitting pulsed light to the optical fiber 21 and obtaining feedback light wave signals; the industrial pickup 3 is used to obtain sound wave signals of the chute 1; the monitoring unit is electrically connected with the optical fiber sensitizer 2 and the industrial pickup 3 respectively, for judging whether the chute 1 is plugged according to the light wave signals and the sound wave signals. ​

[0089] The embodiment jointly determines whether the chute 1 is blocked by feeding back the contents of the chute light wave signal and the sound wave signal, can realize comprehensive collection and analysis of the vibration signal, significantly improves the precision and reliability of the chute 1 blockage detection, and has the ability to adapt to complex environments. The correlation analysis can exclude the false alarm risk of a single method affected by environmental noise or mechanical interference, and the obtained signal combines the vibration spectrum and the voiceprint feature, which can also provide support for realizing abnormal alarm to further warning and root cause analysis.

[0090] The light wave signal and the sound wave signal respectively provide physical vibration quantization and dynamic flow state information, and when combined and analyzed, the abnormality that may cause blockage due to the change of the material properties in the chute 1 can also be sharply captured, for example, when the humidity increases to cause a sudden change in adhesion, the slight decrease in vibration amplitude is difficult to reflect in the light wave signal, and the disappearance of the high-frequency harmonic of the friction sound between the material and the chute wall will cause a significant change in the sound wave signal. Therefore, the method can capture such “soft blockage precursor” to provide early warning. In a strong background noise environment, the light wave signal can also serve as an important reference benchmark when the sound wave signal is disturbed, thereby ensuring that the blockage characteristics can be extracted.

[0091] In the embodiment, a plurality of optical fiber sensors 2 and industrial pickups 3 are provided, one optical fiber sensor 2 and one industrial pickup 3 as a group of monitoring members, the optical fiber sensor 2 and the industrial pickup 3 in the same group are arranged at the same horizontal height, and the monitoring members are distributed on the vertical surface of the chute 1 towards the belt conveyor 6 in the vertical direction. When determining whether the chute 1 is blocked, since each place of the vertical position of the chute 1 is provided with a group of monitoring members, the monitoring accuracy can be further improved, and the exact position of the blockage can also be determined. The signals of each group of monitoring members are monitored respectively, and the blockage conditions of each position are displayed separately.

[0092] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the chute 1 is divided into three sections (from top to bottom, the upper part of the chute 11, the middle part of the chute 12 and the lower part of the chute 13), and three optical fiber sensors 2 and three industrial pickups 3 are provided. Two devices in the three groups of monitoring members are parallel to each other, and the three groups are respectively arranged at three different vibration measurement points on the chute 1, and are located at the inner side surface where the coal blocks and other materials fall on the belt conveyor 6. The collected sound vibration signals are transmitted to the respective monitoring hosts in the monitoring unit, and the signal feature analysis and deep learning algorithm diagnosis analysis are respectively performed in the monitoring hosts, the chute 1 blockage state characteristics are comprehensively judged, and are synchronously uploaded to the server client (intelligent scheduling cloud platform).

[0093] In this embodiment, the industrial pickup 3 is installed at the positioning point of the chute 1 by strong magnetic attraction, and maintains a certain safety distance from the fiber optic sensor 2 to reduce potential signal interference. The wiring uses an RVVP shielded cable (a kind of soft conductor PVC insulated cable with a shielding layer and a PVC sheath) to connect the industrial pickup 3 and the second monitoring host 5, which has excellent anti-electromagnetic interference capability, while ensuring that the cable is away from other electrical equipment and high-temperature areas to maintain the integrity of the signal and the long service life of the equipment.

[0094] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 The fiber optic sensor 2 also includes a special clamp 22, which is a bowl-shaped structure with an internal protrusion to one side, and the opening of the bowl-shaped structure is clamped on the surface of the chute 1. One end of the optical fiber 21 is coiled in a spiral line in the protruding area of the special clamp 22 with the center of the bowl-shaped structure as the midpoint, and the other end is drawn out of the special clamp 22 and connected to the monitoring unit. By wrapping the optical fiber 21 around the internal protrusion of the special clamp 22, the sound vibration signal can be collected in a centralized manner, which can improve the accuracy of local detection. The chute 1 is installed on the crusher, and the top discharge opening receives the material. The special clamp 22 is strongly magnetically attracted to the upper, middle and lower points on the outer wall of the chute 1. The upper point is installed near the discharge opening, the middle point is installed in the middle, and the lower point is installed near the bottom crusher.

[0095] In this embodiment, the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber 21 is not less than 20 times the diameter of the optical fiber 21. This arrangement is ensured during laying to avoid damage to the optical properties and mechanical properties of the optical fiber 21.

[0096] In this embodiment, the monitoring unit includes a first monitoring host 4 (also known as a fiber monitoring host), a second monitoring host 5 (also known as a pickup monitoring host), and an intelligent scheduling cloud platform. The first monitoring host 4 is electrically connected to the fiber optic sensor 2 for processing the optical wave signal to obtain a first vibration signal, and obtaining a first plugging state according to the first vibration signal; the second monitoring host 5 is electrically connected to the industrial pickup 3 for processing the sound wave signal to obtain a second vibration signal, and obtaining a second plugging state according to the second vibration signal; the intelligent scheduling cloud platform is electrically connected to the first monitoring host 4 and the second monitoring host 5 for determining whether the chute 1 is plugged according to the first plugging state and the second plugging state.

[0097] The optical fiber monitoring host is installed in the cabinet of the belt conveyor 6 power distribution room by bolt fixation. On the one hand, the optical fiber 21 receives the light wave signals transmitted from the optical fiber sensitizer 2. The abnormal chute 1 pile-up sound wave disturbance will cause the phase change signal of the Rayleigh scattering light wave. The light wave signal can be converted into an electric signal through a photoelectric converter. After noise reduction, filtering and other processing, the vibration signal characteristics are obtained. The power spectral density of each frequency band is calculated in real time by the analysis and processing system in the host. The online monitoring of the chute blockage can be realized by setting the blockage energy alarm threshold.

[0098] In summary, the embodiment can be said to provide a combined chute blockage monitoring device based on optical fiber and microphone, including optical fiber sensitizer 2, industrial microphone 3, monitoring host and other components. Three vertical monitoring points are arranged on the outer wall of the head chute 1 of the belt conveyor (belt conveyor 6), which are located on the inner side of the upper, middle and lower discharge ports of the chute 1. The optical fiber sensitizer 2 and the industrial microphone 3 for vibration monitoring are horizontally placed at the three vibration measurement points. The sound vibration signals of the chute 1 are obtained in real time by the optical fiber sensitizer 2 and the industrial microphone 3, and the signal characteristics are processed and analyzed by the respective monitoring hosts. For the optical fiber monitoring system, the high-frequency power spectral density of the vibration characteristics is taken as an index, and the blockage condition of each part is judged according to the power spectral density attenuation trend, and the alarm threshold is set. For the microphone monitoring system, a deep learning algorithm is used to learn the nonlinear mode between the vibration signal and the blockage, and the blockage condition is judged automatically. The output signals of the two monitoring hosts are transmitted to the intelligent scheduling cloud platform in real time, and the chute abnormal blockage state is judged and processed according to the cloud platform comprehensive judgment criterion. Through the double judgment criterion, the accuracy of the chute blockage early warning can be effectively improved, which helps to ensure the continuous and safe operation of the production system conveyor.

[0099] The scheme of the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0100] 1. High-precision monitoring and early warning capability: Based on the combined design of optical fiber vibration sensor and industrial microphone, the vibration signal and sound wave signal can be fully collected and analyzed, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of chute blockage detection. Under the processing of the monitoring host, potential blockage conditions can be identified and predicted in real time, thereby effectively reducing the risk of production stagnation.

[0101] 2. Ability to adapt to complex environments: By using fiber optic and pickup technology, a detection device highly adaptable to external electromagnetic interference and harsh environmental conditions is designed. Fiber optic has excellent anti-interference ability, while pickup ensures stable operation in variable industrial environments through strict shielding design and on-site power supply, ensuring long-term reliability of the equipment.

[0102] 3. Ability to integrate real-time data analysis and deep learning: Using a monitoring host, advanced optical, electronic and algorithmic technologies are integrated, combined with deep learning recognition algorithms, to analyze complex vibration and sound wave signals in real time. Through nonlinear simulation and feature extraction, fault patterns can be quickly identified and warnings issued, improving the supervision of equipment operating conditions and providing important decision support for maintenance and management.

[0103] Example 3

[0104] The conveying device of the present embodiment comprises a chute 1, a belt conveyor 6 and the combined chute blockage monitoring device in Example 2. The end of the belt conveyor 6 is arranged above the chute 1 for conveying materials to the chute 1. The combined chute blockage monitoring device is installed on the chute 1 for monitoring whether the chute 1 is blocked.

[0105] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted for illustrating the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A combined chute blockage monitoring method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: emitting pulsed light to the optical fiber (21) in contact with the chute (1) to obtain a feedback light wave signal; Acquiring an acoustic wave signal of the chute (1); Determining whether the chute (1) is blocked based on the light wave signal and the sound wave signal; The method of judging whether the chute (1) is blocked by the light wave signal and the sound wave signal specifically comprises the following steps: Processing the light wave signal to obtain a first vibration signal; obtaining a first material blocking state according to the first vibration signal; Processing the sound wave signal to obtain a second vibration signal; obtaining a second material blocking state according to the second vibration signal; Determining whether the chute (1) is blocked according to the first blocking state and the second blocking state; The obtaining of the first material blocking state according to the first vibration signal specifically includes: Calculating the power spectrum density of the first vibration signal in real time; Obtain the minimum value of the energy of each frequency band of the first vibration signal within a set time; The maximum value E among the minimum values ​​of energy in each frequency band min With the threshold E thr Compare and obtain E min With E thr The difference E is taken as the first blocking state; The obtaining of the second material blocking state according to the second vibration signal specifically includes: extracting vibration signal features from the second vibration signal using a composite feature extraction algorithm; Compare the vibration signal characteristics with the preset chute blockage characteristic database to obtain the fault probability S, and output P=1-S according to the fault probability S as the second blockage state; The chute blockage feature database is obtained by analyzing, training and testing multiple groups of vibration signals of the chute (1); Set the first blocking state to E and the second blocking state to P. The method of judging whether the chute (1) is blocked according to the first blocking state and the second blocking state specifically includes: The weight coefficients of the first blocking state E and the second blocking state P are given respectively and ,and ; The judgment basis R is obtained according to the following formula: ； If R≥0, it is determined that the chute (1) is blocked and a fault signal is generated; if R<0, it is determined that the chute (1) is not blocked and a normal signal is generated.

2. The combined chute blockage monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing of the light wave signal to obtain the first vibration signal specifically includes: Convert the light wave signal into an electrical signal through photoelectric conversion; The electric signal is filtered and subjected to noise reduction processing to obtain an electric signal with vibration signal characteristics as the first vibration signal.

3. The combined chute blockage monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing of the sound wave signal to obtain the second vibration signal specifically includes: The sound wave signal is analyzed to obtain a Mel spectrogram, thereby obtaining a second vibration signal.

4. A combined chute blockage monitoring device, characterized by: The combined chute blockage monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used for monitoring, wherein the combined chute blockage monitoring device comprises a fiber optic sensitizer (2), an industrial microphone (3) and a monitoring unit. The optical fiber sensitizer (2) includes an optical fiber (21) in contact with the chute (1), and is used to emit pulsed light to the optical fiber (21) to obtain a feedback light wave signal; The industrial microphone (3) is used to obtain the sound wave signal of the chute (1); The monitoring unit is electrically connected to the optical fiber sensitizer (2) and the industrial microphone (3) respectively, and is used to determine whether the chute (1) is blocked based on the optical wave signal and the acoustic wave signal.

5. The combined chute blockage monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The optical fiber sensitizer (2) and the industrial pickup (3) are both provided with a plurality of, A fiber optic sensitizer (2) and an industrial pickup (3) serve as a group of monitoring components. The fiber optic sensitizer (2) and the industrial pickup (3) of the same group are arranged at the same horizontal height. Each group of monitoring components is distributed in the vertical direction on the vertical surface of the chute (1) facing the belt conveyor (6).

6. The combined chute blockage monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The optical fiber sensitizer (2) further includes a special fixture (22), The special fixture (22) is a bowl-shaped structure with an inner portion protruding toward one side, and the opening of the bowl-shaped structure is buckled on the surface of the chute (1). One end of the optical fiber (21) is spirally wound in a protruding area of ​​the special fixture (22) with the center of the bowl-shaped structure of the special fixture (22) as the midpoint, and the other end is led out of the special fixture (22) and connected to the monitoring unit.

7. The combined chute blockage monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The minimum bending radius of the optical fiber (21) is not less than 20 times the diameter of the optical fiber (21).

8. The combined chute blockage monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring unit includes a first monitoring host (4), a second monitoring host (5) and an intelligent scheduling cloud platform, The first monitoring host (4) is electrically connected to the optical fiber sensitizer (2) and is used for processing the optical wave signal to obtain a first vibration signal, and obtaining a first blockage state according to the first vibration signal; The second monitoring host (5) is electrically connected to the industrial microphone (3) and is used for processing the sound wave signal to obtain a second vibration signal, and obtaining a second material blocking state according to the second vibration signal; The intelligent scheduling cloud platform is electrically connected to the first monitoring host (4) and the second monitoring host (5), and is used to determine whether the chute (1) is blocked according to the first blocking state and the second blocking state.

9. A conveying device, characterized in that: It comprises a chute (1), a belt conveyor (6), and a combined chute blockage monitoring device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, The end of the belt conveyor (6) is arranged above the chute (1) and is used to convey materials to the chute (1). The combined chute blockage monitoring device is installed on the chute (1) and is used to monitor whether blockage occurs in the chute (1).

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