A casing head with a pressure relief structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of oil mechanical equipment. Specifically, it relates to a casing head with a pressure relief structure, which includes an upper protective shell. The bottom of the upper protective shell is fixedly connected to a lower protective shell. Inside the upper protective shell, there is a pressure relief component for relieving the pressure of the casing head. Inside the pressure relief component, there is a sliding component for relieving the pressure following the drill pipe. Inside the upper protective shell, there is a cleaning plate for cleaning the sediment and dust inside. Outside the cleaning plate, there is a pressure relief column for the gas flow inside the drill pipe. Through the operation of the drill pipe and the drill bit, the present invention utilizes the pressure relief component and the sliding component to complete the pressure relief during the operation of the drill pipe, and at the same time utilizes the cleaning plate and the pressure relief column to complete the cleaning of the sediment and dust inside.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling machinery and equipment, and specifically, to a casing head with a pressure relief structure. Background Art

[0002] A casing head is used to fix the wellhead of a drilled well, connect the wellhead casing string, support the gravity of the technical casing and the production casing, seal the annular space between each layer of pipes, provide a transition connection for installing a blowout preventer, a tubing head, and a Christmas tree, and through two side ports on the casing head body, construction operations such as mud squeezing, monitoring, and filling of balancing fluid can be carried out;

[0003] Chinese Publication No.: CN116927708B discloses a casing head with a pressure relief structure, which includes a casing head body and a support and fixation mechanism. The casing head body includes a first casing head assembly and a second casing head assembly, and the first casing head assembly and the second casing head assembly are detachably connected. The support and fixation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the first casing head assembly to support and fix the casing head body and improve the stability of the casing head body during use. For this casing head with a pressure relief structure, a first pressure detector is used to facilitate the detection of the pressure inside the first casing head assembly. The pressure inside the first casing head assembly is relieved by the combined use of a pressure relief channel and a pressure relief box. A second pressure detector is used to facilitate the detection of the pressure inside the second connecting casing shell, and the pressure inside the second connecting casing shell is relieved by a pressure relief nozzle, so that the pressure inside the casing head body will not be too high, thereby avoiding more adverse effects on the oil well;

[0004] Although the above patent uses a pressure relief channel and a pressure relief box in combination to relieve the pressure inside the first casing head assembly and solves the problem of the casing head loosening due to excessive internal pressure, considering that the casing head of an oil well will accumulate some sediment inside during long-term use, and it is easy to cause internal blockage during the pressure relief process, resulting in poor gas circulation and pressure relief failure;

[0005] In view of this, we propose a casing head with a pressure relief structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a casing head with a pressure relief structure to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a casing head with a pressure relief structure, including an upper protective shell, the bottom of the upper protective shell is fixedly connected with a lower protective shell, a pressure relief component for relieving pressure of the casing head is arranged inside the upper protective shell, a sliding component for relieving pressure following the drill pipe is arranged inside the pressure relief component, a cleaning plate for cleaning sediment and dust inside is arranged on the inner side of the upper protective shell, and a pressure relief column for gas flow inside the drill pipe is arranged on the outer side of the cleaning plate, wherein:

[0008] Through the operation of the drill pipe and the drill bit, the pressure relief during the operation of the drill pipe is completed by using the pressure relief component and the sliding component, and at the same time, the cleaning of sediment and dust inside is completed by using the cleaning plate and the pressure relief column.

[0009] Preferably, the upper protective shell and the lower protective shell are connected by bolts, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower protective shell, an upper sealing cover is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the upper protective shell, and a lower sealing cover is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the lower protective shell.

[0010] Preferably, a pressure relief column is rotatably connected inside the upper protective shell and the lower protective shell, air outlet holes are formed on the outer wall of the pressure relief column, an internal ratchet gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pressure relief column, a cleaning plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the internal ratchet gear ring, and a cleaning strip is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cleaning plate.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure relief component includes a lower pressing column and a sliding component, a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressing column, a buckle part is arranged on the outer side of the sealing ring, and the buckle part is buckled and connected with the upper sealing cover.

[0012] Preferably, a partition is arranged on the outer side of the pressure relief component, the sliding component includes a connecting column, a hexagonal part is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting column, strip-shaped grooves are formed on each surface of the hexagonal part, and a first sliding part and a second sliding part are arranged on the outer side of the hexagonal part.

[0013] Preferably, there are multiple first sliding parts and second sliding parts, a first sliding strip is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first sliding part, a second sliding strip is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second sliding part, the first sliding strip and the second sliding strip are slidably connected to multiple strip-shaped grooves, and multiple first sliding parts and multiple second sliding parts are combined into a cylindrical shape.

[0014] Preferably, a stepped groove is arranged on the inner side of the hexagonal part, a spring is arranged at the bottom of the stepped groove, a sliding column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring, and the sliding column is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting column.

[0015] Preferably in the present invention, the outer walls of the first sliding bar and the second sliding bar are in contact with the inner wall of the partition in the unfolded state.

[0016] Preferably in the present invention, a first chamber is formed between the sliding assembly and the partition, a second chamber is formed between the partition and the pressure relief column, and the first chamber and the second chamber are in communication with each other through the position between the top of the partition and the upper sealing cover.

[0017] Preferably in the present invention, the sliding column is fixedly connected to the top of the lower sealing cover.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. In the casing head with a pressure relief structure, when the drill pipe rotates and moves downward at the same time, the drill pipe will drive the connecting column to slide downward through a certain frictional force. At this time, when the connecting column moves downward, the first sliding member and the second sliding member will contract inward and gradually move away from the hexagonal member and compress the spring, which makes the distance between the first sliding member and the second sliding member and the partition become larger. This enables the staff to open the air outlet for pressure relief by rotating the wheels on both sides of the casing head during the downward drilling process of the drill pipe.

[0020] 2. In the casing head with a pressure relief structure, under the electric drive, the roller disc inside the pressure relief column drives the internal gear ring to rotate inside the pressing column, and under the rotation of the internal gear ring, the cleaning strip slides in the gear slot inside the internal gear ring, and multiple cleaning strips continuously slide between the pressure relief column and the partition, making the internal sediment flow continuously to prevent sediment blockage and the occurrence of the situation where pressure relief cannot be carried out. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is an overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of the casing head with a pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is an overall sectional schematic diagram of the casing head with a pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is an internal three-dimensional schematic diagram of the casing head with a pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pressure relief assembly of the casing head with a pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cleaning ring of the casing head with a pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is an unfolded three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pressure relief assembly of the casing head with a pressure relief structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic three-dimensional unfolded view of the sliding assembly of the casing head with a pressure relief structure according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 Internal three-dimensional schematic view of the cleaning ring of the casing head with a pressure relief structure according to the present invention;

[0029] The meanings of the various reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0030] 1. Upper protective shell; 11. Lower protective shell; 12. Fixed ring; 13. Upper sealing cover; 14. Lower sealing cover; 15. Inner ratchet gear ring; 16. Cleaning plate; 161. Cleaning strip; 17. Pressure relief column; 171. Air outlet hole; 2. Pressure relief assembly; 21. Lower pressing column; 22. Sealing ring; 221. Buckling member; 23. Partition plate; 24. Sliding assembly; 241. Connecting column; 2411. Hexagonal member; 2412. Strip-shaped groove; 242. First sliding member; 2421. First sliding strip; 243. Second sliding member; 2431. Second sliding strip; 2413. Step groove; 25. Sliding column; 251. Spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. <X

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0034] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. Embodiment 1

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-8 As shown, this embodiment provides a casing head with a pressure relief structure, including an upper protective shell 1. The bottom of the upper protective shell 1 is fixedly connected to a lower protective shell 11. Inside the upper protective shell 1, there is a pressure relief component 2 for relieving the pressure of the casing head. Inside the pressure relief component 2, there is a sliding component 24 for relieving pressure following the drill pipe. Inside the upper protective shell 1, there is a cleaning plate 16 for cleaning the sediment and dust inside. Outside the cleaning plate 16, there is a pressure relief column 17 for the gas flow inside the drill pipe. Among them: Through the operation of the drill pipe and the drill bit, the pressure relief during the operation of the drill pipe is completed by using the pressure relief component 2 and the sliding component 24. At the same time, the cleaning of the sediment and dust inside is completed by using the cleaning plate 16 and the pressure relief column 17.

[0037] As Figures 1-2 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, the upper protective case 1 and the lower protective case 11 are connected by bolts. A fixing ring 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower protective case 11. An upper sealing cover 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the upper protective case 1. A lower sealing cover 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the lower protective case 11. A pressure relief column 17 is rotatably connected inside the upper protective case 1 and the lower protective case 11. An air outlet hole 171 is formed in the outer wall of the pressure relief column 17. An inner ratchet gear ring 15 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pressure relief column 17. A cleaning plate 16 is slidably connected to the inner side of the inner ratchet gear ring 15. A cleaning strip 161 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cleaning plate 16. The cleaning strip 161 is cylindrical and has a certain gap with the cleaning plate 16. When sediment passes through the gap between the cleaning strip 161 and the cleaning plate 16, the cleaning plate 16 slides back and forth to continuously stir the sediment inside the second chamber, keeping the sediment in a flowing state.

[0038] Among them: The cleaning plate 16 is slidably connected to the top of the lower sealing cover 14, and there is a telescopic rod inside the lower sealing cover 14 that always pulls the cleaning plate 16 outward, so that the cleaning plate 16 always slides at the position of the inner ratchet gear groove of the inner ratchet gear ring 15. During the rotation of the inner ratchet gear ring 15, the cleaning plate 16 can slide on the inner ratchet gear groove.

[0039] As Figures 3-4 and Figures 6-7 As shown in the figure, the pressure relief assembly 2 includes a lower pressing column 21 and a sliding assembly 24. A sealing ring 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressing column 21. A buckle member 221 is arranged on the outer side of the sealing ring 22. The buckle member 221 is buckled with the upper sealing cover 13. The upper sealing cover 13 is a detachable component. After long-term use, when it is necessary to clean the sediment and stones in the first chamber and the second chamber later, the upper sealing cover 13 can be disassembled. A partition 23 is arranged on the outer side of the pressure relief assembly 2. The sliding assembly 24 includes a connecting column 241. When the drill bit is drilling and drives the connecting column 241 to slide up and down, the downward sliding connecting column 241 will squeeze the sliding column 25. At the same time, the first sliding member 242 and the second sliding member 243 will contract inward, making the space for the sediment to flow in the first chamber larger. On the contrary, when the drill pipe is retracted, the first sliding member 242 and the second sliding member 243 will be at the widest position on the outer wall of the hexagonal member 2411, and multiple first sliding members 242 and second sliding members 243 will form a complete cylinder, making the space in the first chamber smaller to prevent the internal pressure from being too high during the retraction of the drill pipe and causing the internal sediment and stones to splash.

[0040] The top of the connecting column 241 is fixedly connected with a hexagonal part 2411. Each surface of the hexagonal part 2411 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 2412. A first sliding part 242 and a second sliding part 243 are arranged outside the hexagonal part 2411. There are multiple first sliding parts 242 and multiple second sliding parts 243. A first sliding strip 2421 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first sliding part 242, and a second sliding strip 2431 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second sliding part 243. The first sliding strip 2421 and the second sliding strip 2431 are slidably connected to multiple strip-shaped grooves 2412. The multiple first sliding parts 242 and the multiple second sliding parts 243 are combined into a cylindrical shape. A stepped groove 2413 is arranged inside the hexagonal part 2411. A spring 251 is arranged at the bottom of the stepped groove 2413. The bottom of the spring 251 is fixedly connected with a sliding column 25. The sliding column 25 is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting column 241. The outer walls of the first sliding strip 2421 and the second sliding strip 2431 are in contact with the inner wall of the partition plate 23 in the unfolded state.

[0041] As Figure 2 shown, a first chamber is formed between the sliding assembly 24 and the partition plate 23, and a second chamber is formed between the partition plate 23 and the pressure relief column 17. The first chamber and the second chamber are communicated with each other through the position between the top of the partition plate 23 and the upper sealing cover 13. The sliding column 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower sealing cover 14. Sediment will gush upward from the drill hole to the position between the connection 241 and the sliding column 25, and flow into the first chamber, and make the internal gas flow into the second chamber, and finally discharge from the air outlet 171.

[0042] It can be seen from this that as Figures 2-8 shown, when the staff fixes the fixing ring 12 of the lower protective shell 11 on the ground at the position where drilling is required, and the drill pipe rotates and moves downward at the same time, the drill pipe will drive the connecting column 241 to slide downward through a certain frictional force. At this time, when the connecting column 241 moves downward, it will cause the first sliding part 242 and the second sliding part 243 to contract inward and gradually move away from the hexagonal part 2411 and compress the spring 251. This makes the distance between the first sliding part 242 and the second sliding part 243 and the partition plate 23 larger. This enables the staff to open the air outlet 171 for pressure relief by rotating the runners on both sides of the casing head during the process of the drill pipe drilling downward;

[0043] Meanwhile, under the electric drive, the roller disc inside the pressure relief column 17 drives the internal ratchet gear ring 15 to rotate inside the lower pressing column 21. And under the rotation of the internal ratchet gear ring 15, the cleaning strip 161 slides in the ratchet gear groove inside the internal ratchet gear ring 15. When the cleaning strip 161 gradually slides from the position with a smaller width to the position with a larger width inside the internal ratchet gear ring 15, it will drive the cleaning strip 161 to gradually approach the partition plate 23. At the same time, when the cleaning strip 161 slides to the critical value position of the widest position of the internal ratchet gear ring 15, it will slide to the position with the smallest width, making the cleaning strip 161 return to its original position again. This enables multiple cleaning strips 161 to continuously slide between the pressure relief column 17 and the partition plate 23, causing the internal sediment to flow continuously to prevent sediment blockage and the occurrence of a situation where pressure cannot be relieved.

[0044] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A casing head with a pressure relief structure, comprising an upper protective shell (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the upper protective case (1) is fixedly connected to a lower protective case (11). An air release assembly (2) for relieving pressure of the casing head is arranged inside the upper protective case (1). A sliding assembly (24) for relieving pressure following the drill pipe is arranged inside the air release assembly (2). A cleaning plate (16) for cleaning sediment and dust inside is arranged inside the upper protective case (1). An air release column (17) for the gas flow inside the drill pipe is arranged outside the cleaning plate (16). Wherein: Through the operation of the drill pipe and the drill bit, the air release assembly (2) and the sliding assembly (24) are used to complete the pressure relief during the operation of the drill pipe. At the same time, the cleaning plate (16) and the air release column (17) are used to complete the cleaning of sediment and dust inside; The upper protective case (1) and the lower protective case (11) are connected by bolts. A fixing ring (12) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower protective case (11). An upper sealing cover (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall at the upper end of the upper protective case (1). A lower sealing cover (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall at the lower end of the lower protective case (11); The air release assembly (2) includes a lower pressing column (21) and a sliding assembly (24). A sealing ring (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the lower pressing column (21). A buckle member (221) is arranged outside the sealing ring (22). The buckle member (221) is buckled and connected to the upper sealing cover (13); A partition plate (23) is arranged outside the air release assembly (2). The sliding assembly (24) includes a connecting column (241). A hexagonal member (2411) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting column (241). A strip-shaped groove (2412) is opened on each surface of the hexagonal member (2411). A first sliding member (242) and a second sliding member (243) are arranged outside the hexagonal member (2411).

2. The casing head with a pressure relief structure according to claim 1, wherein: The air release column (17) is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper protective case (1) and the lower protective case (11). An air outlet hole (171) is opened on the outer wall of the air release column (17). An internal ratchet gear ring (15) is fixedly connected to the inside of the air release column (17). The cleaning plate (16) is slidably connected to the inside of the internal ratchet gear ring (15). A cleaning strip (161) is fixedly connected to the inside of the cleaning plate (16).

3. The casing head with a pressure relief structure according to claim 2, wherein: There are multiple first sliding members (242) and second sliding members (243). A first sliding strip (2421) is fixedly connected to the inside of the first sliding member (242). A second sliding strip (2431) is fixedly connected to the inside of the second sliding member (243). The first sliding strip (2421) and the second sliding strip (2431) are slidably connected to a plurality of strip-shaped grooves (2412). The multiple first sliding members (242) and the multiple second sliding members (243) are combined into a cylindrical shape.

4. The casing head with a pressure relief structure according to claim 3, wherein: A stepped groove (2413) is provided on the inner side of the hexagonal part (2411). A spring (251) is provided at the bottom of the stepped groove (2413). The bottom of the spring (251) is fixedly connected to a sliding column (25), and the sliding column (25) is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting column (241).

5. The casing head with a pressure relief structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer walls of the first sliding strip (2421) and the second sliding strip (2431) are in contact with the inner wall of the partition (23) in the unfolded state.

6. The casing head with a pressure relief structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first chamber is formed between the sliding assembly (24) and the partition (23). A second chamber is formed between the partition (23) and the pressure relief column (17). The first chamber and the second chamber are in communication with each other through the position between the top of the partition (23) and the upper sealing cover (13).

7. The casing head with a pressure relief structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding column (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the lower sealing cover (14).

Images