Sand clamping prevention lifting tubular column and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a sand blocking prevention lifting tubular column and a using method thereof, the sand blocking prevention lifting tubular column comprises a pump cylinder and a plunger, the plunger is sleeved with the pump cylinder, and the upper end of the plunger is connected with an on-pump sand removal rotating device; and the lower end of the pump cylinder is connected with an under-pump cyclone desanding device. Two sand setting cavities are arranged in the pump cylinder, and a third sand setting cavity is arranged outside the pump cylinder. According to the double-rotational-flow three-time sand setting device, double-rotational-flow three-time sand setting is achieved, gravel which is not prone to being washed away by high-speed crude oil is collected in advance in the first sand setting cavity, secondary collection is conducted in the second sand setting cavity, and the problems that a plunger is clamped by sand, and a fixed valve is clamped are solved. And a matching method of the sand content and the stroke frequency cyclone desanding is provided, and a guarantee is provided for long-term work of the tubular column.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil production sand prevention, in particular to a sand prevention lifting column and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the deepening of oil field development, low permeability reservoirs and fault block reservoirs begin to produce sand. When the oil pump works in such sand-containing oil wells, it often fails due to sand stuck in the plunger or valve group. The commonly used anti-sticking method is to use a long plunger to prevent sand from sticking in the pump. However, the conventional long plunger anti-sand sticking pump is mainly suitable for larger sand particles and is not suitable for low permeability and fault block reservoirs. The main reason is that the sand particles in these reservoirs are small and easy to enter the gap. Secondly, the pump depth of this type of oil well is generally deep. When the fixed valve settles the sand particles, the pump is opened again. The pressure difference between the fixed valve ball and the valve seat is large, and the gap jet occurs, causing the valve group to fail quickly.

[0003] Publication (announcement) number: CN217632864U, discloses a novel anti-stuck oil pump, including a pump barrel assembly, the inner cavity of the pump barrel assembly is slidably connected with a plunger assembly, the plunger assembly extends to the top of the pump barrel assembly, the inner cavity of the pump barrel assembly is provided with an upper pump chamber and a lower pump chamber from top to bottom, the lower pump chamber is located below the plunger assembly, the pump barrel assembly includes a pump barrel, a sand control pipe is installed at the lower end of the pump barrel, the outer surface of the sand control pipe is provided with a plurality of narrow outer and thin inner slits, and the plurality of the slits are distributed in a ring array, the plunger assembly includes a pull rod, the outer surface of the pull rod is fixedly sleeved with a scraper, the scraper is located in the upper pump chamber, the scraper includes a straight barrel portion, the upper end of the straight barrel portion is provided with a trumpet portion, the upper end surface of the trumpet portion is provided with a bevel shovel head, and the outer surface of the trumpet portion is provided with a plurality of openings.

[0004] This prior art uses a scraper to prevent the plunger from getting stuck, but there are problems such as the scraper blade being worn, the scraping performance gradually decreasing, and eventually failing.

[0005] Publication (announcement) number: CN217206825U, discloses a self-sealing gapless anti-scale and anti-stuck oil pump, comprising a ceramic alloy oil inlet valve, an oil inlet valve joint is arranged at the left end of the ceramic alloy oil inlet valve, an oil drain is arranged at the left end of the oil inlet valve joint, the left end of the oil drain is threadedly connected to an outer tube lower coupling, the left end of the outer tube lower coupling is threadedly connected to a sand settling pipe, the left end of the sand settling pipe is threadedly connected to an outer tube coupling, an upper oil outlet valve cover is arranged at the left end of the outer tube coupling, a valve ball is arranged at the right end of the upper oil outlet valve cover, a valve seat is fixedly installed at the right end of the valve ball, a ceramic alloy combined long plunger is arranged at the right end of the valve seat, a short pump barrel is slidably installed on the outside of the ceramic alloy combined long plunger, the right end of the short pump barrel is threadedly connected to a pump barrel butt clamp, and the right end of the pump barrel butt clamp is threadedly connected to an anti-scaling extension pipe.

[0006] The sand blocking prevention method of the prior art is based on the principle of sand blocking and sand settling, which can prevent sand from entering the gap of the plunger pump barrel, but no sand prevention measures are taken for the fixed valve, resulting in the problem of the fixed valve getting stuck.

[0007] Publication (Announcement) No.: CN111997878B, discloses a sand removal oil pump. The sand removal oil pump comprises an external pipe, a floating valve assembly, a fixed valve assembly, a sand settling cylinder and a sand filter tube, the external pipe is connected to the oil pumping pipe, the floating valve assembly is connected to the oil pumping rod, the floating valve assembly and the fixed valve assembly are located in the external pipe, the lower part of the floating valve assembly is located inside the fixed valve assembly, a first flow guide cavity is formed inside the fixed valve assembly, a first fixed valve and a second fixed valve are provided at the lower part of the fixed valve assembly, a second flow guide cavity is formed between the fixed valve assembly and the external pipe, a sand containing cavity is formed inside the sand settling cylinder, the sand containing cavity is connected to the second flow guide cavity, the sand filter tube is connected to the external pipe, filter holes are opened on the tube wall of the sand filter tube, the first fixed valve is opened, the inside of the sand filter tube is connected to the first flow guide cavity; the second fixed valve is opened, the first flow guide cavity is connected to the second flow guide cavity.

[0008] The sand blocking prevention method of the prior art is based on the principle of sand blocking and sand settling, which can prevent sand from entering the gap of the plunger pump barrel, but no sand prevention measures are taken for the fixed valve, resulting in the problem of the fixed valve getting stuck.

[0009] In summary, the technical solutions of the above-disclosed technologies, the technical problems to be solved, and the beneficial effects produced are all different from the present invention. Regarding more technical features, technical problems to be solved, and beneficial effects of the present invention, the above-disclosed technical documents do not provide any technical inspiration. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand-preventing lifting column and a method for using the column, so as to achieve double cyclone three-time sand settling and solve the problem of sand stuck in the plunger and the fixed valve. In addition, a method for matching the sand content with the number of cyclone sand removal is provided to ensure the long-term operation of the column.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] A sand-blocking lifting column comprises a pump barrel and a plunger, wherein the plunger is sleeved in the pump barrel, and the upper end of the plunger is connected to a pump-mounted sand removal rotating device;

[0013] The lower end of the pump barrel is connected with an under-pump cyclone sand removal device.

[0014] The upper end of the sand removal cyclone device on the pump is a connecting shaft; the lower end is an intermediate connecting head;

[0015] A swirl sleeve is sleeved between the connecting shaft and the middle connecting head.

[0016] The upper end of the cyclone sand removal device under the pump is connected to the pump barrel;

[0017] The under-pump cyclone sand removal device is provided with an axial through hole, and the outer wall of the under-pump cyclone sand removal device is provided with a cyclone sleeve.

[0018] The outer wall of the swirl sleeve is provided with spiral fins.

[0019] The pump barrel is arranged in the outer tube; the lower end of the pump barrel is sealed, and an opening is left in the center of the seal;

[0020] The lower end of the bottom sealing opening is connected to a pump cyclone sand removal device, and the lower end of the outer wall of the pump barrel is connected to a sand settling barrel to cover the pump cyclone sand removal device;

[0021] The upper end of the sand settling cylinder is connected to the outer pipe through a connecting pipe, so that the inside of the sand settling cylinder is connected with the outside world, and a plug is arranged at the lower end of the sand settling cylinder.

[0022] A liquid inlet valve is arranged at one side of the lower end of the pump barrel, the liquid inlet of the liquid inlet valve is connected to the upper end of the short tube, and the lower end of the short tube is connected to the bottom opening of the pump barrel.

[0023] The upper end of the plunger is provided with an external valve, and the lower end is provided with a lower liquid outlet valve;

[0024] The diameter of the external valve is larger than the diameter of the pump barrel. The upper end of the external valve is connected to a sand removal rotating device on the pump. The upper end of the sand removal rotating device on the pump is connected to a sucker rod.

[0025] The space below the opening of the lower end of the sand settling cylinder under the pump cyclone sand removal device is called the first sand settling chamber;

[0026] The annulus formed by the short tube and the pump barrel is called the second sand settling chamber;

[0027] The annulus formed by the pump barrel and the outer tube is called the third sand settling chamber;

[0028] The lower end of the outer tube is connected to a tail pipe to collect the sand in the third sand settling chamber;

[0029] The bottom of the tail pipe is connected with a wire plug.

[0030] The upper end of the outer tube is connected to the upper end of the pump barrel through a pump barrel joint;

[0031] The pump barrel joint is a spoke structure between the outer tube and the pump barrel, and is provided with at least two through holes to connect the upper and lower cavities of the pump barrel joint. The upper end of the pump barrel joint is connected to an oil pipe.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pump barrel, the short tube, the cyclone sand removal device under the pump, and the sand settling barrel are connected through a lateral liquid inlet joint, and a liquid inlet channel is provided on the lateral liquid inlet joint, and the liquid inlet channel connects the outside with the inside of the sand settling barrel;

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, a sand settling channel is provided on the lateral liquid inlet joint, and the sand settling channel connects the third sand settling chamber and the space below the lateral liquid inlet joint.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inside of the lateral liquid inlet joint is a two-stage step at the upper end, a two-stage step at the lower end, and an axial through hole is opened in the middle;

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the upper outer step of the upper secondary step is provided with an upper outer pipe connecting thread, and the inner wall of the upper inner step is provided with a pump barrel connecting thread;

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the lower outer step of the lower second step is provided with a lower outer pipe connecting thread, and the inner wall of the lower inner step is provided with a sand settling tube connecting thread;

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the axial through hole is smaller than the upper inner step and the lower inner step, the upper end of the axial through hole is provided with a short pipe connecting thread, and the lower end is provided with a sand removal device connecting thread.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid inlet channel is arranged at the upper end of the inner step of the lower end.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sand settling channel connects the step surface of the upper outer step with the step surface of the lower outer step; the sand settling channel is a disconnected annular channel cut off by the liquid inlet channel.

[0040] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0041] A method for using a sand-preventing lifting column,

[0042] S1: Preparation work, confirming the working parameters, selecting the specifications of parts according to the working parameters, splicing the parts into a sand prevention lifting string, and lowering it into the well;

[0043] S2: Start the oil pump.

[0044] The sucker rod pulls up the plunger, and the crude oil enters through the connecting pipe, passes through the spiral fins outside the cyclone sand removal device under the pump to the first sand settling chamber, and reaches the pump barrel through the liquid inlet valve;

[0045] The sucker rod presses the plunger downward, and the crude oil enters the oil pipe through the lower liquid outlet valve, the internal and external valves of the plunger, and is produced through the sand removal rotating device on the pump.

[0046] The operating parameters are derived by following the steps below:

[0047] A1: Measure the sand production rate. Use equipment to measure the sand content in the produced fluid and calculate the sand production rate based on the completion method, production layer thickness, blasthole number, size, and pressure.

[0048] Naked hole sand production rate:

[0049]

[0050] Where, Φ is the diameter of the naked eye; R C ——Oil supply radius; R W ——Oil well radius; P r ——static formation pressure; P w ——bottom hole flowing pressure; K——reservoir permeability; q f ——fluid production; h——effective thickness of production layer; μ——viscosity of fluid; n——sedimentation index; Ψ——cementation strength coefficient;

[0051] Perforation sand production rate:

[0052] Where, N is the number of perforations; φ is the perforation diameter;

[0053] A2: Draw the IPR curve of liquid production according to the sand production rate, that is, the curve of the relationship between production and flow pressure;

[0054]

[0055] Among them, P wf ——bottom hole flowing pressure; P r ——average reservoir pressure; q0——sand carrying production output; q 0max ——Maximum sand production rate;

[0056] B1 and B2 are the correlation factors of sand production rate, which are constants when they are less than the critical pressure difference of sand production;

[0057] B1=-0.0011q 砂1 6 +0.035q 砂1 5 -0.4132q 砂1 4 +2.3769q 砂1 3 -6.7984q 砂

[0058] 1 2 +8.8246q 砂1 -4.2921

[0059] B2=0.0008q 砂2 6 -0.026q 砂2 5 +0.32q 砂2 4 -1.8956q砂2 3 +5.5211q 砂2 2 -7.2118q 砂2 +2.5586

[0060] A3: Select reasonable production capacity according to IPR curve and sand production rate;

[0061] According to the sand carrying capacity of different lifting strings, the flow pressure of critical sand production rate is selected, the flow pressure of sand production rate is used as production flow pressure, and the production capacity is selected according to the IPR curve;

[0062]

[0063] Among them, u x ——Critical speed of sand carrying, m / s; ρ s ——density of sand particles, kg / m 3 ; ρ1——density of the fluid, kg / m 3 ;d p ——Particle size, m; C s ——Sand volume concentration, m 3 / m 3 ;

[0064] μ——Viscosity of the fluid, Pa.s. When the water content is less than 50%, the fluid viscosity adopts the viscosity of crude oil; when the water content is greater than 70%, the viscosity of formation water is adopted; when the water content is between 50% and 70%, if the viscosity is ≥2000mPa.s, the viscosity of formation water is adopted; if the viscosity is less than 2000mPa.s, the mass-weighted mixed viscosity is adopted for calculation;

[0065] n——sedimentation index, Re t Reynolds number for sand sedimentation, 0.2<Re t <1;

[0066] V——Inertia index, W L =ρ L ·L P ·(A P -A r )·g,

[0067] Among them, a A The acceleration of the suspension point, Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​the plunger, Ar is the cross-sectional area of ​​the rod, A 管 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil pipe, ρ L is the liquid density, Lp is the distance between the plunger and the calculation point; ξ is the area coefficient;

[0068] A4: Set reasonable working parameters according to the selected production capacity;

[0069] According to the oil well production capacity, design the appropriate pump depth, select the appropriate pump type, select the pipe and rod combination, and optimize the lifting parameters.

[0070] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] 1. Double cyclone three-time sand settling is realized. The sand and gravel that are not easily carried away by high-speed crude oil are collected in the first sand settling chamber in advance, and collected again in the second sand settling chamber, which solves the problem of sand stuck in the plunger and the fixed valve.

[0072] 2. A matching method between sand content and cyclone sand removal is provided, which guarantees the long-term operation of the pipe string. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sand prevention and lifting pipe string of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pump-mounted sand removal rotating device for preventing sand from getting stuck in a lifting pipe column according to the present invention;

[0075] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lateral liquid inlet joint of a sand-prevention lifting column of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a lateral liquid inlet joint extending from a liquid inlet channel of a sand-blocking lifting column of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of parameter selection in a method for using a sand-prevention lifting column according to the present invention;

[0078] In the figure: 1, sucker rod; 2, oil pipe; 3, sand removal rotating device on the pump; 3-1, connecting shaft; 3-2, swirl sleeve; 3-3, middle connector; 4, pump barrel joint; 5, external valve; 6, pump barrel; 7, plunger; 8, outer tube; 9, lower liquid outlet valve; 10, liquid inlet valve outlet; 11, liquid inlet valve; 12, short tube; 13, lateral liquid inlet joint; 13a, upper outer tube connecting thread; 13b, pump barrel connecting thread; 13c, short tube connecting thread; 13d, sand removal device connecting thread; 13e, sand settling cylinder connecting thread; 13f, lower outer tube connecting thread; 13g, sand settling channel; 13h, liquid inlet channel; 14, swirl sand removal device under the pump; 15, sand settling cylinder; 16, plug; 17, tail pipe; 18, thread plug; 19, first sand settling chamber; 20, second sand settling chamber; 21, third sand settling chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0080] Embodiment 1:

[0081] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 The present invention provides a sand-preventing lifting column and a method for using the same, comprising a pump barrel 6 and a plunger 7. The plunger 7 is sleeved in the pump barrel 6. The upper end of the plunger 7 is connected to a pump-mounted sand removal rotating device 3, and the lower end of the pump barrel 6 is connected to a pump-mounted vortex sand removal device 14.

[0082] The upper end of the pump sand removal cyclone device 3 is a connecting shaft 3-1 for connecting the sucker rod 1; the lower end is an intermediate connector 3-3 for connecting the plunger, and a cyclone sleeve 3-2 is sleeved between the connecting shaft 3-1 and the intermediate connector 3-3;

[0083] The upper end of the swirl sand removal device 14 under the pump is connected to the pump barrel 6, the swirl sand removal device 14 under the pump is provided with an axial through hole, and the outer wall of the swirl sand removal device 14 under the pump is provided with a swirl sleeve 3-2;

[0084] The upper outer wall of the swirl sleeve 3 - 2 is provided with spiral fins.

[0085] The pump barrel 6 is arranged in the outer tube 8; the lower end of the pump barrel 6 is sealed with an opening in the center of the bottom seal, the lower end of the bottom seal opening is connected to a pump vortex sand removal device 14, the lower end of the outer wall of the pump barrel 6 is connected to a sand settling cylinder 15 to cover the pump vortex sand removal device 14, the upper end of the sand settling cylinder 15 is connected to the outer tube 8 through a connecting pipe, so that the inside of the sand settling cylinder 15 is connected to the outside, and the sand settling cylinder 15 is provided with a plug 16.

[0086] The lower end of the pump barrel 6 is provided with a liquid inlet valve 11 on one side of the barrel, the liquid inlet of the liquid inlet valve 11 is connected to the upper end of a short tube 12, and the lower end of the short tube 12 is connected to the bottom opening of the pump barrel 6;

[0087] An external valve 5 is provided at the upper end of the plunger 7, and a lower liquid outlet valve 9 is provided at the lower end. The diameter of the external valve 5 is larger than the diameter of the pump barrel to prevent the plunger 7 from falling into the pump barrel 6. The upper end of the external valve 5 is connected to the sand removal rotating device 3 on the pump, and the upper end of the sand removal rotating device 3 on the pump is connected to the sucker rod 1.

[0088] The space below the opening of the lower end of the sand settling cylinder 15 under the pump cyclone sand removal device 14 is called the first sand settling chamber 19;

[0089] The annulus formed by the short tube 12 and the pump barrel 6 is called the second sand settling chamber 20;

[0090] The annulus formed by the pump barrel 6 and the outer tube 8 is called the third sand settling chamber 21;

[0091] The lower end of the outer tube is connected to a tail pipe 17 for collecting sand in the third sand settling chamber 21 , and the bottom of the tail pipe is connected to a wire plug 18 .

[0092] The upper end of the outer tube 8 is connected to the upper end of the pump barrel 6 through the pump barrel joint 4. The pump barrel joint 4 is a spoke structure between the outer tube 8 and the pump barrel 6, and is provided with at least two through holes to connect the upper and lower cavities. The upper end of the pump barrel joint 4 is connected to the oil pipe 2.

[0093] The implementation method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0094] After the various parts of this embodiment are assembled, they are lowered into the well and the oil pump is started;

[0095] The sucker rod 1 pulls up the plunger 7. At this time, the pressure in the pump barrel 6 decreases. Under the action of the pressure difference, the lower outlet valve 9 and the external valve 5 are closed, and the inlet valve 11 is opened. The crude oil enters through the connecting pipe and passes through the outer spiral fins of the cyclone sand removal device 14 under the pump to the first sand settling chamber 19. Because the crude oil flow rate in this area is fast, only a small amount of sand is deposited in the first sand settling chamber 19;

[0096] The crude oil enters from the lower end of the cyclone sand removal device 14 under the pump, and reaches the pump barrel through the liquid inlet valve 11. When the sucker rod 2 reaches the top, the area tends to be calm, and some sand will be deposited in the second sand settling chamber 20 to prevent clogging of the liquid inlet valve;

[0097] The sucker rod 1 presses down the plunger 7, and the pressure in the pump barrel 6 increases. Under the action of the pressure difference, the lower liquid outlet valve 9 and the external valve 5 are opened, and the liquid inlet valve 11 is closed. The crude oil enters the oil pipe 2 through the lower liquid outlet valve 9, the plunger 7, and the external valve 5. The crude oil speed slows down in the oil pipe 2, and a large amount of sand is blocked and sinks through the sand removal rotating device 3 on the pump, and enters the third sand settling chamber 21 after passing through the pump barrel joint 4, and finally falls into the tail pipe 17.

[0098] Embodiment 2:

[0099] Please combine Figure 3 , Figure 4 , based on Example 1, the pump barrel 6, the short tube 12, the under-pump cyclone sand removal device 14, and the sand settling barrel 15 are connected via a lateral liquid inlet joint 13;

[0100] The inside of the lateral liquid inlet joint 13 is a two-stage step at the upper end, a two-stage step at the lower end, and an axial through hole is provided in the middle;

[0101] The inner wall of the upper outer step of the upper secondary step is provided with an upper outer pipe connecting thread 13a, and the inner wall of the upper inner step is provided with a pump barrel connecting thread 13b;

[0102] The inner wall of the lower outer step of the lower second step is provided with a lower outer pipe connecting thread 13f, and the inner wall of the lower inner step is provided with a sand settling tube connecting thread 13e;

[0103] The diameter of the axial through hole is smaller than the inner step at the upper end and the inner step at the lower end. The upper end of the axial through hole is provided with a short pipe connecting thread 13c, and the lower end is provided with a sand removal device connecting thread 13d;

[0104] The upper end of the lower end inner step is provided with a liquid inlet channel 13h connected to the outside of the lateral liquid inlet joint 13;

[0105] The lateral liquid inlet joint 13 is provided with a sand settling channel 13g, which connects the step surface of the upper outer step with the step surface of the lower outer step; and connects the third sand settling chamber 21 with the lower cavity. The sand settling channel 13g is a disconnected annular channel cut off by the liquid inlet channel 13h.

[0106] The implementation method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0107] The outer tube 8 is divided into two sections, an upper outer tube and a lower outer tube, wherein the lower end of the upper outer tube is connected to the upper outer tube connecting thread 13a, and the upper end of the lower outer tube is connected to the lower outer tube connecting thread 13f;

[0108] The lower end of the pump barrel 6 is connected to the pump barrel connecting thread 13b;

[0109] The lower end of the short tube 12 is connected to the short tube connecting thread 13c;

[0110] The upper end of the sand settling cylinder is connected to the sand settling cylinder connecting thread 13e;

[0111] The upper end of the pump under-cyclone sand removal device 14 is connected to the sand removal device connecting thread 13d;

[0112] The crude oil enters the spiral fins outside the cyclone sand removal device 14 under the pump from the liquid inlet channel 13h; the sediment above the lateral liquid inlet joint 13 enters the tail pipe 17 through the sedimentation channel 13g.

[0113] Embodiment 3:

[0114] according to Figure 5 As shown, the working parameters are obtained through the following steps:

[0115] A1: Measure the sand production rate. Use equipment to measure the sand content in the produced fluid and calculate the sand production rate based on the completion method, production layer thickness, blasthole number, size, and pressure.

[0116] Naked hole sand production rate:

[0117]

[0118] Where, Φ is the diameter of the naked eye; R C ——Oil supply radius; R W ——Oil well radius; P r ——static formation pressure; P w ——bottom hole flowing pressure; K——reservoir permeability; q f ——fluid production; h——effective thickness of production layer; μ——viscosity of fluid; n——sedimentation index; Ψ——cementation strength coefficient;

[0119] Perforation sand production rate:

[0120] Where, N is the number of perforations; φ is the perforation diameter;

[0121] A2: Draw the liquid production IPR curve according to the sand production rate, that is, the curve of the relationship between production and flow pressure;

[0122]

[0123] Among them, P wf ——bottom hole flowing pressure; P r ——average reservoir pressure; q0——sand carrying production output; q 0max ——Maximum sand production rate;

[0124] B1 and B2 are the correlation factors of sand production rate, which are constants when they are less than the critical pressure difference of sand production;

[0125] B1=-0.0011q 砂1 6 +0.035q 砂1 5 -0.4132q 砂1 4 +2.3769q 砂1 3 -6.7984q 砂1 2 +8.8246q 砂1 -4.2921

[0126] B2=0.0008q 砂2 6 -0.026q 砂2 5 +0.32q 砂2 4 -1.8956q 砂2 3 +5.5211q 砂22 -7.2118q 砂2 +2.5586

[0127] A3: Select reasonable production capacity according to IPR curve and sand production rate;

[0128] According to the sand carrying capacity of different lifting strings, the flow pressure of critical sand production rate is selected, the flow pressure of sand production rate is used as production flow pressure, and the production capacity is selected according to the IPR curve;

[0129]

[0130] Among them, u x ——Critical speed of sand carrying, m / s; ρ s ——density of sand particles, kg / m 3 ; ρ1——density of the fluid, kg / m 3 ;d p ——Particle size, m; C s ——Sand volume concentration, m 3 / m 3 ;

[0131] μ——Viscosity of the fluid, Pa.s. When the water content is less than 50%, the fluid viscosity adopts the viscosity of crude oil; when the water content is greater than 70%, the viscosity of formation water is adopted; when the water content is between 50% and 70%, if the viscosity is ≥2000mPa.s, the viscosity of formation water is adopted; if the viscosity is less than 2000mPa.s, the mass-weighted mixed viscosity is adopted for calculation;

[0132] n——sedimentation index, Re t Reynolds number for sand sedimentation, 0.2<Re t <1;

[0133] V——Inertia index, W L =ρ L ·L P ·(A P -A r )·g,

[0134] Among them, a A The acceleration of the suspension point, Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​the plunger, Ar is the cross-sectional area of ​​the rod, A 管 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil pipe, ρ L is the liquid density, Lp is the distance between the plunger and the calculation point; ξ is the area coefficient;

[0135] A4: Set reasonable working parameters according to the selected production capacity;

[0136] According to the oil well production capacity, design the appropriate pump depth, select the appropriate pump type, select the pipe and rod combination, and optimize the lifting parameters.

[0137] All components and connection methods of components not discussed in this application belong to the known technologies in this technical field and can be directly applied without further explanation.

[0138] In the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0139] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “front” and “back” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0140] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0141] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand-blocking lifting column, comprising a pump barrel and a plunger, wherein the plunger is sleeved in the pump barrel, characterized in that: The upper end of the plunger is connected to a pump upper sand removal rotating device; The lower end of the pump barrel is connected with an under-pump cyclone sand removal device.

2. A sand prevention and lifting column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the sand removal cyclone device on the pump is a connecting shaft; the lower end is an intermediate connecting head; A swirl sleeve is sleeved between the connecting shaft and the middle connecting head.

3. A sand control lifting column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the cyclone sand removal device under the pump is connected to the pump barrel; The under-pump cyclone sand removal device is provided with an axial through hole, and the outer wall of the under-pump cyclone sand removal device is provided with a cyclone sleeve.

4. A sand prevention and lifting column according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the swirl sleeve is provided with spiral fins.

5. A sand prevention lifting column according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pump barrel is arranged in the outer tube; the lower end of the pump barrel is sealed, and an opening is left in the center of the seal; The lower end of the bottom sealing opening is connected to a pump cyclone sand removal device, and the lower end of the outer wall of the pump barrel is connected to a sand settling barrel to cover the pump cyclone sand removal device; The upper end of the sand settling cylinder is connected to the outer pipe through a connecting pipe, so that the inside of the sand settling cylinder is connected with the outside world, and a plug is arranged at the lower end of the sand settling cylinder.

6. A sand prevention and lifting column according to claim 5, characterized in that: A liquid inlet valve is arranged at one side of the lower end of the pump barrel, the liquid inlet of the liquid inlet valve is connected to the upper end of the short tube, and the lower end of the short tube is connected to the bottom opening of the pump barrel.

7. A sand prevention and lifting column according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the plunger is provided with an external valve, and the lower end is provided with a lower liquid outlet valve; The diameter of the external valve is larger than the diameter of the pump barrel. The upper end of the external valve is connected to a sand removal rotating device on the pump. The upper end of the sand removal rotating device on the pump is connected to a sucker rod.

8. The sand prevention and lifting column according to claim 7, characterized in that: The space below the opening of the lower end of the sand settling cylinder under the pump cyclone sand removal device is called the first sand settling chamber; The annulus formed by the short tube and the pump barrel is called the second sand settling chamber; The annulus formed by the pump barrel and the outer tube is called the third sand settling chamber; The lower end of the outer tube is connected to a tail pipe to collect the sand in the third sand settling chamber; The bottom of the tail pipe is connected with a wire plug.

9. A sand prevention and lifting column according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper end of the outer tube is connected to the upper end of the pump barrel through a pump barrel joint; The pump barrel joint is a spoke structure between the outer tube and the pump barrel, and is provided with at least two through holes to connect the upper and lower cavities of the pump barrel joint. The upper end of the pump barrel joint is connected to an oil pipe.

10. A sand prevention and lifting column according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pump barrel, the short pipe, the cyclone sand removal device under the pump, and the sand settling barrel are connected through a lateral liquid inlet joint, and a liquid inlet channel is provided on the lateral liquid inlet joint, and the liquid inlet channel connects the outside with the inside of the sand settling barrel; The lateral liquid inlet joint is provided with a sand settling channel, and the sand settling channel connects the third sand settling chamber and the space below the lateral liquid inlet joint.

11. A sand control lifting column according to claim 10, characterized in that: The inside of the lateral liquid inlet joint is a two-stage step at the upper end, a two-stage step at the lower end, and an axial through hole is provided in the middle; The inner wall of the upper outer step of the upper secondary step is provided with an upper outer pipe connecting thread, and the inner wall of the upper inner step is provided with a pump barrel connecting thread; The inner wall of the lower outer step of the lower second step is provided with a lower outer pipe connecting thread, and the inner wall of the lower inner step is provided with a sand settling tube connecting thread; The diameter of the axial through hole is smaller than the upper inner step and the lower inner step. The upper end of the axial through hole is provided with a short pipe connecting thread, and the lower end is provided with a sand removal device connecting thread.

12. A sand control lifting column according to claim 11, characterized in that: The liquid inlet channel is arranged at the upper end of the inner step of the lower end.

13. A sand control lifting column according to claim 12, characterized in that: The sand settling channel connects the step surface of the upper outer step with the step surface of the lower outer step; The sand settling channel is a disconnected annular channel cut off by the liquid inlet channel.

14. A method for using a sand-prevention lifting column, characterized in that: S1: Preparation work, confirming the working parameters, selecting the specifications of parts according to the working parameters, splicing the parts into a sand prevention lifting string, and lowering it into the well; S2: Start the oil pump. The sucker rod pulls up the plunger, and the crude oil enters through the connecting pipe, passes through the spiral fins outside the cyclone sand removal device under the pump to the first sand settling chamber, and reaches the pump barrel through the liquid inlet valve; The sucker rod presses the plunger downward, and the crude oil enters the oil pipe through the lower liquid outlet valve, the internal and external valves of the plunger, and is produced through the sand removal rotating device on the pump.

15. A method for using a sand prevention and lifting pipe string according to claim 14, characterized in that: The operating parameters are derived by following the steps below: A1: Measure the sand production rate. Use equipment to measure the sand content in the produced fluid and calculate the sand production rate based on the completion method, production layer thickness, blasthole number, size, and pressure. Naked hole sand production rate: Where, Φ is the diameter of the naked eye; R C ——Oil supply radius; R W ——Oil well radius; P r ——static formation pressure; P w ——bottom hole flowing pressure; K——reservoir permeability; q f ——fluid production; h——effective thickness of production layer; μ——viscosity of fluid; n——sedimentation index; Ψ——cementation strength coefficient; Perforation sand production rate: Where, N is the number of perforations; φ is the perforation diameter; A2: Draw the IPR curve of liquid production according to the sand production rate, that is, the curve of the relationship between production and flow pressure; Among them, P wf ——bottom hole flowing pressure; P r ——average reservoir pressure; q0——sand carrying production output; q 0max ——Maximum sand production rate; B1 and B2 are the correlation factors of sand production rate, which are constants when they are less than the critical pressure difference of sand production; B1=-0.0011q 砂1 6 +0.035q 砂1 5 -0.4132q 砂1 4 +2.3769q 砂1 3 -6.7984q 砂1 2 +8.8246q 砂1 -4.2921 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">B2 = 0.0008q<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 砂2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 6 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -0.026q<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 砂2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 5 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +0.32q<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 砂2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 4 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -1.8956q<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 砂2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 3 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +5.5211q<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 砂2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -7.2118q<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 砂2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +2.5586 A3: Select reasonable production capacity according to IPR curve and sand production rate; According to the sand carrying capacity of different lifting strings, the flow pressure of critical sand production rate is selected, the flow pressure of sand production rate is used as production flow pressure, and the production capacity is selected according to the IPR curve; Among them, u x ——Critical speed of sand carrying, m / s; ρ s ——density of sand particles, kg / m 3 ; ρ1——density of the fluid, kg / m 3 ;d p ——Particle size, m; C s ——Sand volume concentration, m 3 / m 3 ; μ——Viscosity of the fluid, Pa.s. When the water content is less than 50%, the fluid viscosity adopts the viscosity of crude oil; when the water content is greater than 70%, the viscosity of formation water is adopted; when the water content is between 50% and 70%, if the viscosity is ≥2000mPa.s, the viscosity of formation water is adopted; if the viscosity is less than 2000mPa.s, the mass-weighted mixed viscosity is adopted for calculation; n——sedimentation index, Re t Reynolds number for sand sedimentation, 0.2<Re t <1; V——Inertia index, W L =ρ L ·L P ·(A P -A r )·g, Among them, a A The acceleration of the suspension point, Ap is the cross-sectional area of ​​the plunger, Ar is the cross-sectional area of ​​the rod, A 管 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil pipe, ρ L is the liquid density, Lp is the distance between the plunger and the calculation point; ξ is the area coefficient; A4: Set reasonable working parameters according to the selected production capacity; According to the oil well production capacity, design the appropriate pump depth, select the appropriate pump type, select the pipe and rod combination, and optimize the lifting parameters.

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