Returnable heading machine and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a roadheader capable of retreating and an operation method thereof. The roadheader capable of retreating comprises a shield body structure, and the shield body structure is connected with a pipe joint structure; the chest plate structure comprises a peripheral chest plate, the interior of the peripheral chest plate is detachably connected with an inner chest plate, and the inner chest plate is connected with a first moving structure which can abut against the inner wall of the shield body structure; the radial size of the cutting cutterhead structure is adjustable; the cutting cutterhead structure is connected with the motor and the driving structure; the moving stabilizing mechanism comprises a traction body, and a second moving structure is connected to the traction body; and the moving stabilizing mechanism is used for pulling the inner breast plate, the cutting cutter head structure, the motor and the driving structure back to the starting well. According to the method, a receiving well is not arranged, the whole body stably returns to the starting well, overturning is avoided during returning, the returning operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, the application scene of the rectangular heading machine is expanded, and good economic benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and in particular to a retractable tunnel boring machine and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rectangular (quasi-rectangular) pipe jacking machine construction is widely used in tunnel excavation construction in the fields of highway, railway, municipal administration, rail transit, etc. due to its advantages of small impact on the surrounding environment, wide geological range, safety and reliability, easy control of jacking precision, and high construction efficiency. In the process of conventional rectangular (quasi-rectangular) pipe jacking method construction, it is generally necessary to set up a separate receiving well to complete the equipment reception and lifting operations. This requirement limits the promotion and application of pipe jacking method to a certain extent.

[0003] (1) In busy urban areas, due to the dense underground pipelines, conflicts with surrounding buildings (structures), and busy ground traffic, the construction site is often not equipped with the conditions to set up a separate receiving well;

[0004] (2) Because the burial depth of the pipe-jacking tunnel is too great, the required receiving well is too deep, and the construction cost is very high. Due to the setting of the receiving well, the cost of the entire project is greatly increased;

[0005] (3) Due to usage and operation requirements, it is necessary to set up a connecting passage between two underground projects that have been completed and put into use. The construction of the connecting passage must not affect the normal operation of the underground space at both ends.

[0006] In the above three application scenarios, traditional pipe jacking methods cannot be implemented. However, with the continuous advancement of urban construction, the possibility of the above three special working conditions occurring is increasing.

[0007] In this context, a retractable special-shaped pipe jacking machine and its supporting method are developed so that the pipe jacking method can be used for construction without setting up a receiving well, which has high practicality and economy.

[0008] Prior art 1: A retractable tunnel boring machine and its in-tunnel reorganization and starting method (CN117386387A), which realizes the tunnel retraction and reorganization functions of the tunnel boring machine by setting a folding cutter disc, but it has a circular cross-section and the excavation device is a circular cutter disc, which is generally used in small tunnel fields such as subway connecting passages and municipal pipeline tunnels. However, tunnel structures such as urban pedestrian passages and subway entrance and exit passages are generally rectangular (quasi-rectangular) special-shaped cross-section tunnels, and the tunnel boring machine proposed in this invention is not applicable.

[0009] Prior art 2 discloses a retractable tunnel boring machine (CN117722193A), which realizes the retractable function by setting the cutter disc into two parts: an outer ring cutter disc and an inner retractable cutter disc. Prior art 3 discloses a retractable pipe jacking machine device (CN115628069A), which realizes the retractable function by setting a foldable hole-reaming blade. However, prior art 2 and prior art 3 have the same problem as prior art 1. Both of them are still circular in cross-section and are not suitable for tunnels with rectangular or quasi-rectangular cross-sections such as urban pedestrian passages and subway entrance and exit passages.

[0010] Therefore, the inventor, relying on many years of experience and practice in related industries, proposes a retractable tunnel boring machine and an operating method thereof to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a retractable tunnel boring machine and an operating method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the current rectangular tunnel boring machine cannot be used because a receiving well cannot or is not suitable to be set up. The present invention does not need to set up a receiving well, and the whole machine can be stably retracted to the starting well without overturning during retraction. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, which expands the application scenarios of the rectangular tunnel boring machine and has good economic benefits.

[0012] The object of the present invention is achieved by a retractable tunnel boring machine, comprising:

[0013] A shield structure, wherein one end of the shield structure close to the launching shaft is connected to a pipe segment structure for tunnel support;

[0014] A breast plate structure, comprising an outer breast plate which can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield structure and is arranged in a ring shape, an inner breast plate can be detachably connected to the inner wall of the outer breast plate, and a first movable structure which can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure is connected to the inner breast plate;

[0015] A cutting disc structure is arranged on a side of the inner breast plate away from the launching well; the radial dimension of the cutting disc structure is adjustable;

[0016] The mobile stabilizing mechanism can be detachably connected to the inner breast plate and is used to tow the inner breast plate and the cutting disc structure back to the starting well.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mobile stabilizing mechanism includes a traction body that can be detachably connected to the inner chest plate, and the traction body is connected to a second mobile structure that can abut against the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe segment structure.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retractable tunnel boring machine further comprises a screw conveyor for discharging slag from the tunnel boring machine, the end of the screw conveyor away from the starting shaft is detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner breast plate, and the end of the screw conveyor close to the starting shaft is obliquely arranged upward and detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure;

[0019] The retractable tunnel boring machine also includes a plurality of shield tail adjustment articulated cylinders arranged at intervals along the circumference of the shield structure, and each shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder has an end away from the starting well and is detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure, and each shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder has an end close to the starting well and is detachably connected to the pipe segment structure.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shield structure includes a concrete part, a steel structure part is arranged inside the concrete part, and the steel structure part constitutes the inner wall of the shield structure; the outer side wall of the outer breast plate is fixedly connected to the steel structure part.

[0021] Alternatively, the shield structure is a steel structure shield.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting disc structure includes a plurality of circular cutter discs, each of which can be folded or telescopically changed in diameter.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer breast plate is provided with a plurality of first connection holes, the inner breast plate is provided with a plurality of second connection holes corresponding to the first connection holes, and the first connection holes and the second connection holes are detachably provided with connection bolt structures;

[0024] The inner chest plate is provided with a mounting through groove for connecting the motor and the driving structure.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first mobile structure includes a plurality of first wheels that can abut against and clamp the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe segment structure;

[0026] A connecting plate extending toward the launching shaft is disposed at the bottom end of the inner breast plate, and at least two of the first wheels capable of rolling support on the bottom surfaces of the shield structure and the pipe segment structure are connected to the connecting plate;

[0027] and / or,

[0028] The outer side wall of the inner breast plate is connected to a plurality of the first wheels which can be rollingly supported on the side surfaces of the shield structure and the pipe segment structure.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first movable structure includes a plurality of first slide rails that can abut against and clamp the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe segment structure.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the traction body away from the launching well is detachably connected to one end of the inner chest plate close to the launching well through a connecting rod;

[0031] and / or,

[0032] One end of the traction body close to the launching well is connected with a traction rope for traction of the mobile stabilization mechanism, the inner breast plate, the cutting disc structure, the motor and the driving structure;

[0033] or,

[0034] The traction body is provided with a retraction power mechanism for traction of the mobile stabilization mechanism, the inner chest plate, the cutting disc structure, the motor and the driving structure.

[0035] The object of the present invention can also be achieved in that a method for operating the aforementioned retractable tunnel boring machine comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step S1: Excavation and construction of tunnel structure:

[0037] Construct a starting shaft, lower and install a retractable tunnel boring machine in the starting shaft, and use the retractable tunnel boring machine to excavate the stratum forward, install the pipe segment structure, and complete the tunneling construction of the tunnel structure;

[0038] Step S2: Dismantling operation:

[0039] After the tunnel construction is completed, the screw conveyor of the retractable tunnel boring machine and the hinged cylinder for adjusting the shield tail are removed, and the connection structure between the internal device and the shield structure is removed; the equipment pipelines in the tunnel are removed;

[0040] Step S3: Lowering the mobile stabilizing mechanism:

[0041] The mobile stabilizing mechanism is hoisted in from the launching shaft and pushed into the pipe segment structure of the tunnel;

[0042] Step S4: Cutting disc structure diameter change:

[0043] After the cutting disc structure is folded or extended and rotated to a set position, it is fixed;

[0044] Step S5: Connect the mobile stabilization mechanism and disassemble the chest plate structure:

[0045] Connect the inner breast plate to the mobile stabilizing mechanism, then install a jack at the lower part of the inner breast plate and tighten it, remove the connection between the outer breast plate and the inner breast plate, lower the jack until the first mobile structure at the bottom end of the inner breast plate contacts the bottom plate of the shield structure, and remove the jack;

[0046] Step S6: The tunnel boring machine can be retracted back to the starting well:

[0047] Under the traction of the mobile stabilizing mechanism, the inner breast plate drives the diameter-changed cutting disc structure, the motor and the driving structure to retreat to the starting well;

[0048] Step S7: The tunnel boring machine can be retracted and hoisted out:

[0049] After the mobile stabilizing mechanism and inner breast plate, the cutting disc structure with reduced diameter, the motor and the driving structure are retracted to the starting shaft as a whole, they are lifted out separately on the ground by a crane to complete the tunnel excavation construction and the retraction operation of the tunnel boring machine.

[0050] As described above, the retractable tunnel boring machine and the operation method thereof of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0051] In the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the breast plate structure is a combined structure, and the inner breast plate and the outer breast plate can be quickly disassembled; the mobile stabilizing mechanism can be clamped at the top and bottom inside the tunnel, and after the cutting disc structure, the motor and the driving structure and the inner breast plate are connected to the mobile stabilizing mechanism, they can be retracted to the starting well as a whole and stably without overturning during retraction. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, and there is no need to set up a receiving well.

[0052] The present invention solves the problem that the current rectangular tunnel boring machine cannot be used because a receiving well cannot or is not suitable to be provided. The receiving well does not need to be provided, thus expanding the application scenarios of the rectangular tunnel boring machine and having good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0054] in:

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention when performing tunneling.

[0056] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention when it completes tunneling.

[0057] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention when the shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder and the screw conveyor are removed and the mobile stabilizing mechanism is lowered.

[0058] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the state when the mobile stabilizing mechanism of the present invention enters the tunnel and is connected with the inner chest plate.

[0059] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention when it starts to retract.

[0060] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the state when the mobile stabilizing mechanism of the present invention pulls the structures pulled thereon to retreat from the shield structure to the pipe segment structure.

[0061] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting disc structure and the breast plate structure of the present invention at the side away from the starting shaft during excavation.

[0062] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting disc structure and the breast plate structure of the present invention away from the side of the starting well before retreating.

[0063] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the motor and driving structure and the breast plate structure of the present invention on the side close to the launching well.

[0064] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the peripheral breast plate of the present invention.

[0065] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the inner chest plate of the present invention.

[0066] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the mobile stabilization mechanism of the present invention.

[0067] In the figure:

[0068] 1. Shield structure; 101. Concrete part; 102. Steel structure part;

[0069] 2. Cutting disc structure; 201. Cutting discs on both sides; 202. Middle cutter disc; 203. Spokes;

[0070] 3. Motor and drive structure;

[0071] 4. Screw conveyor;

[0072] 5. The shield tail is adjusted to the articulated cylinder;

[0073] 6. Breast plate structure; 601. Outer breast plate; 6011. First connection hole; 602. Inner breast plate; 6021. Second connection hole; 6022. Installation through slot; 603. Connection plate;

[0074] 7. First mobile structure; 701. First wheel;

[0075] 8. Mobile stabilizing mechanism; 801. Traction body; 802. Second mobile structure;

[0076] 9. Connecting rod;

[0077] 10. Traction rope;

[0078] 11. Pipe joint structure; 111. Conventional pipe joint; 112. First ring pipe joint;

[0079] 12. Push cylinder;

[0080] 13. Origin platform structure;

[0081] 14. Starting well;

[0082] 15. The main structure of the receiving end;

[0083] 16. Jack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only used to explain the purpose of the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, technicians can conceive of any possible variations based on the present invention, which should be considered to belong to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "arranged on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0086] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0087] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention provides a retractable tunnel boring machine, comprising:

[0088] A shield structure 1, wherein one end of the shield structure 1 close to the launch shaft 14 is connected to a pipe segment structure 11 for tunnel support;

[0089] The breast plate structure 6 comprises a peripheral breast plate 601 which can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield structure 1 and is arranged in a ring shape, the inner breast plate 602 can be detachably connected to the outer breast plate 601, and the inner breast plate 602 is connected to a first movable structure 7 which can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure 1;

[0090] The cutting disc structure 2 is arranged on the side of the inner breast plate 602 away from the starting well 14; the radial dimension of the cutting disc structure 2 is adjustable; the side of the cutting disc structure 2 close to the starting well 14 is connected to the motor and the driving structure 3, and the motor and the driving structure 3 are connected to the inner breast plate 602; that is, the cutting disc structure 2 is located on the front side of the breast plate structure 6, and the motor and the driving structure 3 are located on the rear side of the breast plate structure 6;

[0091] The mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 can be detachably connected to the inner breast plate 602, and is used to pull the inner breast plate 602, the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and the driving structure 3 back to the starting well 14. Since the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 can be tightly stuck in the tunnel through the second mobile structure, the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and the driving structure 3 and the inner breast plate 602 are connected thereto to form a whole, and will not overturn when retreating.

[0092] In the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the breast plate structure 6 is a modular structure, and the inner breast plate 602 and the outer breast plate 601 can be quickly disassembled; the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 can be clamped at the top and bottom inside the tunnel, and after the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and drive structure 3 and the inner breast plate 602 are connected to the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8, they can be retracted to the starting well 14 as a whole and stably without overturning during retraction. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, and there is no need to set up a receiving well.

[0093] The present invention solves the problem that current rectangular (quasi-rectangular) tunnel boring machines cannot be used because a receiving well cannot or is not suitable to be provided. The receiving well does not need to be provided, thus expanding the application scenarios of rectangular (quasi-rectangular) tunnel boring machines and having good economic benefits.

[0094] Furthermore, the mobile stabilizing mechanism includes a traction body 801 that can be detachably connected to the inner breast plate 602 , and a second mobile structure that can abut against the inner walls of the shield structure 1 and the pipe segment structure 11 is connected to the traction body 801 .

[0095] Further, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the retractable tunnel boring machine also includes a screw conveyor 4, which is used for slag discharge of the tunnel boring machine. The end of the screw conveyor 4 away from the starting shaft 14 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner breast plate 602, and the end of the screw conveyor 4 close to the starting shaft 14 is arranged obliquely upward and is detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure 1.

[0096] Further, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the retractable tunnel boring machine also includes a plurality of shield tail direction-adjusting articulated oil cylinders 5 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the shield structure 1. The end of each shield tail direction-adjusting articulated oil cylinder 5 away from the starting well 14 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure 1, and the end of each shield tail direction-adjusting articulated oil cylinder 5 close to the starting well 14 is detachably connected to the pipe segment structure 11. By controlling the extension and contraction amounts of different shield tail direction-adjusting articulated oil cylinders 5, the direction-adjusting and deviation-correcting functions are realized.

[0097] In a specific embodiment, the connection between the shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder 5 and the shield body structure 1 and the pipe segment structure 11 can be bolted or welded (which can be achieved by destructive means when dismantling).

[0098] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a bracket device is installed on the front side of the inner wall of the first ring pipe segment 112 of the pipe segment structure 11, which is used to connect with the shield tail adjustment articulation cylinder 5 and provide the shield body with forward power. The rear side of the first ring pipe segment 112 is connected to a number of conventional pipe segments 111.

[0099] After the excavation operation is completed, the shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder 5 and the screw conveyor 4 are removed, the cutting disc structure 2 is reduced in diameter and rotated to a suitable position, the outer breast plate 601 and the inner breast plate 602 are separated, and under the traction of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8, the inner breast plate 602 drives the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and the driving structure 3 to retreat to the starting well 14 as a whole and stably.

[0100] Further, if Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the shield structure 1 can be a combined structure of concrete and steel, including a concrete part 101 located on the outside, a steel structure part 102 is arranged inside the concrete part 101, and the steel structure part 102 constitutes the inner wall of the shield structure 1; the outer side wall of the outer breast plate 601 is fixedly connected to the steel structure part 102, and the connection method can be welding. The shield structure 1 is composed of a steel structure and a concrete structure. Compared with the abandoned pure steel structure shield, the cost of the combined shield of concrete and steel structure is lower, which reduces the cost of shell abandonment.

[0101] Furthermore, the shield structure 1 can also be made entirely of steel structure to form a steel structure shield.

[0102] Furthermore, the cutting disc structure 2 includes a plurality of circular cutter discs, each of which can be folded or telescopically changed in diameter.

[0103] like Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the circular cutter disc as a whole can be divided into two categories: the two side cutter discs 201 and the middle cutter disc 202. The spokes 203 of the two side cutter discs 201 need to be folded and reduced in diameter or telescopic and reduced in diameter according to the needs of retreat. The middle cutter disc 202 does not need to be reduced in diameter if the needs of retreat are met; the two side cutter discs 201 need to be rotated to a suitable position when retreating, with the spokes 203 that are folded and reduced in diameter or telescopic and reduced in diameter facing the outside of the cross section, and the spokes that are not reduced in diameter facing the inside of the cross section; the middle cutter disc 202 needs to be rotated to a specific position according to the space requirements for retreat. If the rotating cutter disc still cannot meet the retreat space requirements, the spokes of the middle cutter disc 202 also need to be reduced in diameter; the circular cutter disc needs to be fixed after being reduced in diameter (folded or telescopic) and rotated to a suitable position to ensure that each circular cutter disc does not rotate during the retreat process.

[0104] Further, if Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, a plurality of first connection holes 6011 are arranged on the outer chest plate 601, and a plurality of second connection holes 6021 corresponding to the first connection holes 6011 are arranged on the inner chest plate 602, and connection bolt structures can be detachably passed through the first connection holes 6011 and the second connection holes 6021.

[0105] The outer breast plate 601 and the inner breast plate 602 may also be connected by welding (which may be achieved by a destructive method during removal).

[0106] The inner chest plate 602 may be a whole structure or a structure composed of a plurality of steel plates; the outer chest plate 601 may be a whole structure or a structure composed of a plurality of steel plates.

[0107] Further, if Fig.11 As shown, the inner chest plate 602 is provided with a mounting through groove 6022 for connecting the motor and the driving structure 3 .

[0108] In Example 1, Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the cutting disc structure 2 includes 6 circular discs, and the number of corresponding through slots 6022 is 6, which are evenly arranged in 2 rows. Each row includes 3 circular discs, namely 1 middle disc 202 and 2 side discs 201.

[0109] Further, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Fig.11 As shown, the first movable structure 7 includes a plurality of first wheels 701 that can be pressed against the inner walls of the shield structure 1 and the pipe segment structure 11, or the first movable structure 7 includes a plurality of first slide rails that can be pressed against the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe segment structure.

[0110] Furthermore, a first wheel 701 is installed at the bottom of the inner chest plate 602, and the first wheels 701 may be installed on both sides, or may not be installed.

[0111] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, a connecting plate 603 extending toward the launching shaft is disposed at the bottom end of the inner breast plate 602 , and at least two first wheels 701 capable of rolling support on the bottom surfaces of the shield structure 1 and the pipe segment structure 11 are connected to the connecting plate 603 .

[0112] The outer side wall of the inner breast plate 602 is connected to a plurality of first wheels 701 that can be rollingly supported on the side surfaces of the shield structure 1 and the pipe segment structure 11 .

[0113] Further, if Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, one end of the traction body 801 away from the launching well 14 is detachably connected to one end of the inner breast plate 602 close to the launching well 14 through a connecting rod 9.

[0114] In Example 1, the number of connecting rods 9 is two, the first ends of the two connecting rods 9 are connected to the middle position of the traction body 801, the second end of one connecting rod 9 is connected to the connecting plate 603, and the second end of one connecting rod 9 is connected to the middle position of the inner chest plate 602. This arrangement is more conducive to the stability of the retreat traction.

[0115] Further, if Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, one end of the traction body 801 close to the starting well is connected to a traction rope 10 for traction of the mobile stabilization mechanism 8, the inner breast plate 602, the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and the driving structure 3.

[0116] or,

[0117] The traction body 801 is provided with a traction mobile stabilizing mechanism 8, an inner chest plate 602, a cutting disc structure 2, a motor and a retraction power mechanism of a driving structure 3, that is, the traction mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 (traction trolley) is self-powered and does not require a traction rope, and the traction mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 itself provides the retraction power.

[0118] Furthermore, the second movable structure includes a plurality of second wheels that can abut against and clamp the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe segment structure, or the second movable structure includes a plurality of second slide rails that can abut against and clamp the inner walls of the shield structure and the pipe segment structure.

[0119] Further, if Fig.12As shown, the second wheel is installed on the bottom surface of the traction body 801 of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8, and the second wheel may be installed on the top surface, left side surface, and right side surface of the traction body 801, or may not be installed.

[0120] During the retreat operation, the inner breast plate 602 is connected to the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 by a connecting rod 9, and the second wheels on each surface of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 respectively roll and retreat closely against the inner walls of the shield structure 1 and the pipe segment structure 11. Since the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 is tightly stuck in the tunnel, the cutting disc structure 2, the motor and drive structure 3 and the inner breast plate 602 are connected thereto to form a whole, and will not overturn during retreat.

[0121] The operating method of the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0122] Step S1: Excavation and construction of tunnel structure:

[0123] Constructing the starting shaft 14, lowering and installing a retractable tunnel boring machine in the starting shaft 14, and the retractable tunnel boring machine excavates the stratum forward, installing the pipe segment structure 11, and completing the tunneling construction of the tunnel structure;

[0124] Specifically, the launching well 14 (the launching working well, the bottom of which is provided with the launching platform structure 13) is constructed. Figure 1 As shown, a retractable tunnel boring machine is lowered and installed in the starting well 14, and then the first ring pipe segment 112 is lowered and installed at the tail of the retractable tunnel boring machine (i.e., one end close to the starting well 14). Under the action of the jacking cylinder 12 (arranged in the starting well 14, the prior art), the retractable tunnel boring machine excavates the stratum forward, and then continues to lower and install the conventional pipe segment 111 until it is jacked to the side wall of the arrival end (the receiving end main structure 15), as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the excavation construction of the entire tunnel structure is completed.

[0125] Step S2: Dismantling operation:

[0126] After the tunnel construction is completed, the screw conveyor 4 of the retractable tunnel boring machine and the shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder 5 are removed, and the connection structure between the internal device and the shield structure 1 is removed; the equipment pipelines in the tunnel are removed;

[0127] Specifically: After the entire tunnel construction is completed, Figure 3 As shown, the screw conveyor 4 and the shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder 5 are removed, and the connection structure between the internal devices such as the motor and the drive structure 3 and the shield structure 1 is removed; the equipment pipelines in the tunnel are removed.

[0128] Step S3: Lowering the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8:

[0129] like Figure 3As shown, the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 is hoisted into the starting well 14, and the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 is pushed into the pipe segment structure 11 of the tunnel;

[0130] Step S4: Cutting disc structure 2 changes diameter:

[0131] After the cutting disc structure 2 is folded or extended and rotated to a set position, it is fixed;

[0132] Specifically: Figure 4 As shown, each circular cutter disc is folded or retracted and fixed as needed. The specific operation content is: according to the retreat space requirements, one or more spokes 203 of the two side cutter discs 201 and the middle cutter disc 202 are folded, and the circular cutter discs are rotated so that the folded or retracted spokes 203 face the outside of the shield structure 1; if the retreat space meets the requirements, the middle cutter disc 202 does not need to be folded, and it only needs to be rotated to a suitable position; after each circular cutter disc is folded or retracted and rotated to a suitable position, it should be fixed.

[0133] Step S5: Connect the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 and disassemble the breast plate structure 6:

[0134] Connect the inner breast plate 602 to the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8, then install the jack 16 at the lower part of the inner breast plate 602 and tighten it, remove the connection between the outer breast plate 601 and the inner breast plate 602, lower the jack 16 until the first mobile structure 7 at the bottom end of the inner breast plate 602 contacts the bottom plate of the shield structure 1, and remove the jack 16;

[0135] Specifically: Figure 4 As shown, the inner breast plate 602 is connected to the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 by a connecting rod 9, and then the jack 16 is installed and tightened at the lower part of the inner breast plate 602, and the connecting bolts between the outer breast plate 601 and the inner breast plate 602 are removed, and the jack 16 is slowly lowered until the first wheel 701 (or the first slide rail) at the bottom end of the inner breast plate 602 is fully in contact with the bottom plate of the shield structure 1, and the jack 16 is removed. Figure 5 As shown,

[0136] Step S6: The tunnel boring machine can be retracted back to the starting shaft 14:

[0137] Under the traction of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8, the inner breast plate 602 drives the reduced diameter cutting disc structure 2, the motor and the driving structure 3 to retreat to the starting well 14;

[0138] Specifically, the traction power device on one side of the launch well 14 is connected to the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 through the traction rope 10. Under the action of the traction force, the inner breast plate 602 drives the folded cutting disc structure 2, the motor and the driving structure 3 to retreat to the launch well 14. Figure 6The figure shows a state diagram of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 of the present invention pulling the structures pulled thereon back from the shield structure 1 to the pipe segment structure 11 , and the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 continues to back away until all the structures back away to the starting well 14 .

[0139] Step S7: The tunnel boring machine can be retracted and hoisted out:

[0140] The mobile stabilizing mechanism 8 and the inner breast plate 602, the diameter-changed cutting disc structure 2, the motor and the driving structure 3 are integrally retracted to the starting well 14 and are hoisted out separately on the ground using a crane.

[0141] At this point, the tunnel excavation construction is completed and the tunnel boring machine retraction operation is completed.

[0142] During the retraction operation, the present invention only needs to remove the screw conveyor and the shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder, and the inner breast plate 602, the reduced diameter cutting disc structure 2, the motor and the drive structure 3 are pulled back as a whole under the traction of the mobile stabilizing mechanism 8. The retraction operation process is relatively simple and efficient.

[0143] Example 2: A newly built subway station in a city is located under the main road in the prosperous urban area of ​​the city center. The main structure of the station is constructed by mechanical excavation, and the straight section of the station entrance and exit passage is constructed by jacking method. The side of the station body does not have the conditions for setting up a jacking receiving shaft. Therefore, the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention is used to jack from the side away from the main structure of the station to the side of the station. After jacking to the main structure of the station, the cutting disc structure 2, the inner chest plate 602, the motor and the drive structure 3 are retracted as a whole to the starting shaft 14, and are hoisted out from the starting shaft 14.

[0144] As described above, the retractable tunnel boring machine and the operation method thereof of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0145] In the retractable tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the breast plate structure is a combined structure, and the inner breast plate and the outer breast plate can be quickly disassembled; the mobile stabilizing mechanism can be clamped at the top and bottom inside the tunnel, and after the cutting disc structure, the motor and the driving structure and the inner breast plate are connected to the mobile stabilizing mechanism, they can be retracted to the starting well as a whole and stably without overturning during retraction. The retraction operation is relatively simple, safe and efficient, and there is no need to set up a receiving well.

[0146] The present invention solves the problem that the current rectangular tunnel boring machine cannot be used because a receiving well cannot or is not suitable to be provided. The receiving well does not need to be provided, thus expanding the application scenarios of the rectangular tunnel boring machine and having good economic benefits.

[0147] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: include: A shield structure (1), wherein one end of the shield structure (1) close to the launch shaft (14) is connected to a pipe segment structure (11) for tunnel support; A breast plate structure (6) comprising an outer breast plate (601) which can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield structure (1) and is arranged in a ring shape, wherein an inner breast plate (602) is detachably connected to the outer breast plate (601), and a first movable structure (7) which can abut against the inner wall of the shield structure (1) is connected to the inner breast plate (602); A cutting disc structure (2) is arranged on a side of the inner breast plate (602) away from the launch well (14); the radial dimension of the cutting disc structure (2) is adjustable; The mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) can be detachably connected to the inner breast plate (602) and is used to pull the inner breast plate (602) and the cutting disc structure (2) back to the starting well (14).

2. The retractable tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) comprises a traction body (801) that can be detachably connected to the inner chest plate (602), and the traction body (801) is connected to a second mobile structure (802) that can abut against the inner walls of the shield structure (1) and the pipe segment structure (11).

3. The retractable tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retractable tunnel boring machine further comprises a screw conveyor (4) for discharging slag from the tunnel boring machine, wherein one end of the screw conveyor (4) away from the starting shaft (14) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the inner breast plate (602), and one end of the screw conveyor (4) close to the starting shaft (14) is arranged obliquely upward and detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure (1); The retractable tunnel boring machine further comprises a plurality of shield tail adjustment articulated cylinders (5) arranged at intervals along the circumference of the shield structure (1), wherein one end of each shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder (5) away from the starting well (14) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the shield structure (1), and one end of each shield tail adjustment articulated cylinder (5) close to the starting well (14) is detachably connected to the pipe segment structure (11).

4. The retractable tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shield structure (1) comprises a concrete part (101), a steel structure part (102) is arranged inside the concrete part (101), and the steel structure part (102) constitutes the inner wall of the shield structure; the outer side wall of the outer breast plate (601) is fixedly connected to the steel structure part (102); Alternatively, the shield structure (1) is a steel structure shield.

5. The retractable tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting disc structure (2) comprises a plurality of circular discs, each of which can be folded or telescopically changed in diameter.

6. The retractable tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer breast plate (601) is provided with a plurality of first connection holes (6011), and the inner breast plate (602) is provided with a plurality of second connection holes (6021) corresponding to the first connection holes (6011), and the first connection holes (6011) and the second connection holes (6021) are provided with connection bolt structures that can be detachably passed through them; The inner chest plate (602) is provided with a mounting groove for connecting the motor and the drive structure.

7. The retractable tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mobile structure (7) comprises a plurality of first wheels (701) capable of abutting against and clamping against the inner walls of the shield structure (1) and the pipe segment structure (11); A connecting plate (603) extending in the direction of the launching shaft (14) is provided at the bottom end of the inner breast plate (602), and at least two of the first wheels (701) capable of rolling support on the bottom surfaces of the shield structure (1) and the pipe segment structure (11) are connected to the connecting plate (603); and / or, The outer side wall of the inner breast plate (602) is connected to a plurality of the first wheels (701) that can be rollingly supported on the side surfaces of the shield structure (1) and the pipe segment structure (11).

8. The retractable tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first movable structure (7) comprises a plurality of first sliding rails which can be pressed against and clamped on the inner walls of the shield structure (1) and the pipe segment structure (11).

9. The retractable tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the traction body (801) away from the launching well (14) is detachably connected to one end of the inner breast plate (602) close to the launching well (14) via a connecting rod (9); and / or, One end of the traction body (801) close to the launching well (14) is connected to a traction rope (10) for traction of the mobile stabilizing mechanism (8), the inner breast plate (602), and the cutting disc structure (2); or, The traction body (801) is provided with a retraction power mechanism for traction of the mobile stabilization mechanism (8), the inner chest plate (602), and the cutting disc structure (2).

10. An operating method of a retractable tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Excavation and construction of tunnel structure: A starting shaft is constructed, a retractable tunnel boring machine is lowered and installed in the starting shaft, the retractable tunnel boring machine excavates the stratum forward, and a pipe segment structure (11) is installed to complete the tunneling construction of the tunnel structure; Step S2: Dismantling operation: After the tunnel construction is completed, the screw conveyor (4) of the retractable tunnel boring machine and the shield tail adjustment hinged cylinder (5) are removed, and the connection structure between the internal device and the shield structure (1) is removed; the equipment pipelines in the tunnel are removed; Step S3: Lowering the mobile stabilizing mechanism (8): A mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) is hoisted in from the starting well, and the mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) is pushed into the pipe segment structure of the tunnel; Step S4: Cutting disc structure (2) diameter change: After the cutting disc structure (2) is folded or extended and rotated to a set position, it is fixed; Step S5: Connect the mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) and disassemble the breast plate structure (6): The inner breast plate (602) is connected to the mobile stabilizing mechanism (8), and then a jack (16) is installed at the lower part of the inner breast plate (602) and tightened, the connection between the outer breast plate (601) and the inner breast plate (602) is removed, the jack (16) is lowered to the first mobile structure (7) at the bottom end of the inner breast plate (602) to contact the bottom plate of the shield structure (1), and the jack (16) is removed; Step S6: The tunnel boring machine can be retracted back to the starting well (14): Under the traction of the mobile stabilizing mechanism (8), the inner breast plate (602) drives the reduced diameter cutting disc structure (2), the motor and the driving structure (3) to retreat to the starting well (14); Step S7: The tunnel boring machine can be retracted and hoisted out: The mobile stabilizing mechanism (8) and the inner breast plate (602), the diameter-changed cutting disc structure (2), the motor and the driving structure (3) are integrally retracted to the starting shaft (14), and are lifted out separately on the ground using a crane, thereby completing the tunnel excavation construction and the tunnel boring machine retraction operation.

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