Tunnel construction protection device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a tunnel construction protection device which comprises a base, a side protection assembly, a top protection assembly and a lifting assembly. By arranging the top protection assembly, the multiple first top supporting plates and the multiple second top supporting plates which are annularly arranged, effective protection is provided for workers located below the top protection assembly, the workers can adjust the positions of the first top supporting plates and the second top supporting plates through a control screen, a switching motor can drive a switching gear to rotate, and the working efficiency is improved. And a control cam is driven to rotate through rotating teeth, and a convex block on the control cam can drive a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod to slide in sliding holes, so that a first top supporting plate and a second top supporting plate are driven to ascend or descend, and the technical effect of adapting to tunnels of different sizes and specifications is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a tunnel construction protection device. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction is a complex and delicate engineering activity, which involves geological exploration, excavation, support, lining and other links. Construction workers are in a high-risk environment and need to use protective equipment to ensure their safety.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN110307023A discloses an easy-to-use protective device for tunnel construction. Rollers are set on the lower wall of the large base for easy movement. The arc-shaped support plate can protect the top of the tunnel to prevent falling rocks from hitting the workers. The arc-shaped support plate can slide back and forth through the first concave rod, the second concave rod and the third concave rod to adjust the protective position of the arc-shaped support plate. The workers can control the rotation of the large rotating plate by moving the lever and the large pin rod downward to remove the arc-shaped support plate from the top of the tunnel. At this time, it is more convenient for the workers to construct the top of the tunnel. The adjustment is flexible and the protective effect is good, which is beneficial for the workers to carry out construction. However, the size of the arc-shaped support plate cannot be flexibly changed, so it cannot be applied to tunnels of various sizes.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a tunnel construction protection device to solve the problems arising from the existing tunnel construction protection work. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned existing problems, the present invention provides a tunnel construction protection device, which is provided with a top protection assembly, and a plurality of first top support plates and second top support plates are arranged in a ring to provide effective protection for the workers located under the top protection assembly. The workers can adjust the positions of the first top support plates and the second top support plates through the control panel, and the switching motor can drive the switching gear to rotate, and drive the control cam to rotate by rotating the teeth. The protrusion on the control cam can drive the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod to slide in the sliding hole, thereby driving the first top support plate and the second top support plate to rise or fall, thereby achieving the technical effect of adapting to tunnels of different sizes and specifications.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: This solution provides a tunnel construction protection device, including a base, wherein fixed support rods are respectively arranged at the four corners of the upper wall of the base, an upper screw rod and an upper sliding rod are respectively connected between the upper ends of the fixed support rods opposite to each other in the front and rear directions, side protection components are symmetrically slidably arranged on the upper screw rod and the upper sliding rod, a top protection component is symmetrically arranged above the side protection components, a lower screw rod and a lower sliding rod are respectively connected between the lower ends of the fixed support rods opposite to each other in the front and rear directions, a lifting component is slidably arranged between the lower screw rod and the lower sliding rod, the lifting component is slidably arranged on the upper wall of the base, and the top protection component includes a main support ring, A secondary support ring, a control cam, a first top support plate and a second top support plate, the main support ring is symmetrically arranged front and back above the side protection assembly, the secondary support ring is symmetrically fixed on the front and rear side walls of the main support ring, the secondary support ring is arranged below the main support ring, the control cam is engaged and rotatably arranged between the secondary support rings, the upper wall of the main support ring is penetrated by a circular array of sliding holes, the sliding holes are respectively penetrated by a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod, the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod are arranged at intervals, the first top support plate is arranged at the upper end of the first sliding rod, and the second top support plate is arranged at the upper end of the second sliding rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the centers of the secondary support ring and the main support ring coincide with each other, the number of the sliding holes is five, the number of the first sliding rods is three, the number of the second sliding rods is two, the first top support plate and the second top support plate are respectively arranged in an arc shape, and when the first top support plate and the second top support plate move to the top, the first top support plate and the second top support plate are assembled into a semicircular arc shape; a reset spring is connected between the lower wall of the first top support plate and the second top support plate and the upper wall of the main support ring, and the reset spring is respectively arranged around the side walls of the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the control cam includes a cam ring and a protrusion, the cam ring is rotatably arranged between the secondary support rings, the centers of the cam ring and the secondary support ring coincide with each other, the protrusion annular array is arranged on the upper wall of the cam ring, the protrusion is arranged between the main support ring and the secondary support ring, the number of the protrusions is five, grooves are formed between the protrusions, the depths of two of the grooves are greater than the depths of the other two grooves, the grooves with larger depths are arranged at intervals with the grooves with shallower depths, sliding grooves are provided on the opposite side walls of the paired secondary support rings, and sliding arcs are symmetrically provided on the front and rear side walls of the cam ring, and the sliding arcs are respectively engaged and slidably arranged in the sliding grooves.

[0009] Furthermore, a circular array of rotating teeth is provided on the lower wall of the cam ring, and a switching gear is rotatably provided on the lower wall of the auxiliary support ring. The switching gears are respectively meshed with the rotating teeth, and a synchronization rod is connected between the end face centers of the switching gears. A switching motor is provided at the rotating shaft of the switching gear on one side, and the output end of the switching motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the switching gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the side protection assembly includes a supporting slide bar, an inner baffle plate, a telescopic pole, a controller and a side support plate, the upper screw rod and the upper slide bar are respectively provided with a first sliding block for sliding in pairs, the first sliding block is connected to the upper screw rod by a thread, the supporting slide bars are respectively fixed on the side walls of the first sliding block, the inner baffle plate is fixed between the front and rear supporting slide bars opposite to each other, and the front and rear supporting slide bars are connected in pairs up and down with connecting rods, the connecting rods are provided on the outer side of the inner baffle plate, the telescopic pole is fixed on the connecting rod, the controller is fixed on the outer side wall of the inner baffle plate, and the side support plate is fixed on the output end of the telescopic pole.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper ends of the supporting slide bars are respectively provided with lifting poles, the output ends of the lifting poles are respectively connected to the two ends of the main supporting ring, and the inner side wall of the inner baffle is provided with a control panel.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a bottom slide plate, a scissors-type lifting bracket, a lifting platform and a second sliding block, the bottom slide plate is slidably arranged on the upper wall of the base, the second sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the bottom slide plate, the second sliding blocks are respectively slidably sleeved on the side walls of the lower screw rod and the lower slide rod, the second sliding block is connected to the lower screw rod by threads, the scissors-type lifting bracket is arranged on the upper wall of the bottom slide plate, and the lifting platform is arranged on the upper end of the scissors-type lifting bracket.

[0013] Furthermore, a first motor is provided at the end of the upper screw rod, and a second motor is provided at the end of the lower screw rod. The first motor and the second motor are fixed on a fixed support rod, and output ends of the first motor and the second motor are respectively connected to the ends of the upper screw rod and the lower screw rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a handrail is provided on one side edge of the upper wall of the lifting platform, a lifting pole is provided on the upper wall of the bottom slide plate, the output end of the lifting pole is connected to the scissors lifting bracket, and a pair of movable crawler wheels are provided on the lower wall of the base.

[0015] Furthermore, the first motor, the second motor, the movable track wheel, the lifting pole, the control panel, the telescopic pole, the switching motor and the lifting pole are electrically connected to the controller respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the controller adopts Siemens S7-1200.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The device is provided with a top protection assembly, and a plurality of first top support plates and second top support plates are arranged in a ring, providing effective protection for the workers located under the top protection assembly. The workers can adjust the positions of the first top support plates and the second top support plates through the control panel. The switching motor can drive the switching gear to rotate, and drive the control cam to rotate by rotating the teeth. The convex block on the control cam can drive the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod to slide in the sliding hole, thereby driving the first top support plate and the second top support plate to rise or fall, thereby achieving the technical effect of adapting to tunnels of different sizes and specifications; (2) The depths of the grooves between the protrusions are arranged in a regular pattern of deep and shallow intervals, so that when the cam ring rotates, the first sliding rod can enter the groove with a shallower depth, and the second sliding rod can enter the groove with a deeper depth, so that the second top support plate is lowered to a position lower than the first top support plate, and the first top support plate and the second top support plate are folded, thereby reducing the overall size of the device and adapting to tunnel sections of different sizes. During the construction process, the height of the first top support plate can be adjusted so that the first top support plate touches the top wall of the tunnel, thereby ensuring the stability of the top wall of the tunnel during the construction process and preventing the top wall from falling rocks or collapsing and causing injuries to the workers; (3) The device is equipped with a side protection component. The telescopic pole can drive the side support plate to extend or retract to both sides of the device. When construction is carried out inside the tunnel, the side support plate can be controlled to touch the tunnel side wall to achieve the support function of the tunnel side wall, thereby ensuring the stability of the tunnel side wall during construction and preventing the side wall from collapsing and causing harm to the workers; (4) The first motor can drive the upper screw to rotate, thereby controlling the first sliding block and the supporting sliding rod to move forward and backward, and further controlling the front and rear positions of the top protection assembly and the side protection assembly. In the actual construction process, the positions of the top protection assembly and the side protection assembly can be adjusted to facilitate construction personnel to carry out construction and inspection on the top of the tunnel; (5) The second motor can drive the lower screw to rotate, thereby driving the second sliding block and the bottom slide plate to move forward and backward, thereby controlling the front and rear position of the lifting assembly. During the actual construction process, the workers can stand on the lifting platform to adjust the front and rear position of the lifting assembly, and control the scissors lift bracket to unfold through the lifting pole to realize the lifting of the lifting platform, so that the workers can reach a higher construction position, further expanding the working scope of the workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a tunnel construction protection device proposed by the present invention when the first top support plate and the second top support plate are in an unfolded state; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A; Figure 3A schematic structural diagram of a tunnel construction protection device proposed by the present invention when the first top support plate and the second top support plate are in a folded state; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a tunnel construction protection device proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the top protection component; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the main support ring and the control cam; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the side protection assembly without the side support plate; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting component; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel construction protection device proposed by the present invention in use; Fig.10 is a side view of the first top support plate and the second top support plate in an unfolded state; Fig.11 It is a side view of the first top support plate and the second top support plate in a folded state.

[0019] Among them, 1. base, 11. fixed support rod, 12. upper screw rod, 121. first motor, 13. lower screw rod, 131. second motor, 14. upper slide rod, 15. lower slide rod, 16. mobile track wheel, 2. side protection assembly, 21. support slide rod, 211. first sliding block, 212. lifting pole, 213. connecting rod, 22. inner baffle plate, 221. control panel, 23. telescopic pole, 24. controller, 25. side support plate, 3. top protection assembly, 31. main support ring, 311. sliding hole, 32. auxiliary support ring, 321. Sliding groove, 33. Control cam, 331. Cam ring, 332. Bump, 333. Groove, 334. Sliding arc, 335. Rotating teeth, 34. First top support plate, 341. First sliding rod, 35. Second top support plate, 351. Second sliding rod, 36. Switching gear, 361. Switching motor, 362. Synchronous rod, 37. Reset spring, 4. Lifting assembly, 41. Bottom slide plate, 411. Lifting pole, 42. Scissors lift bracket, 43. Lifting platform, 431. Handrail, 44. Second sliding block.

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the present scheme provides a tunnel construction protection device, including a base 1, a side protection assembly 2, a top protection assembly 3 and a lifting assembly 4, wherein the four corners of the upper wall of the base 1 are respectively provided with fixed support rods 11, and upper screw rods 12 and upper slide rods 14 are respectively connected between the upper ends of the front and rear opposite fixed support rods 11, the side protection assembly 2 is symmetrically slidably arranged on the upper screw rods 12 and the upper slide rods 14, the top protection assembly 3 is movably arranged above the symmetrical side protection assembly 2, and the lower ends of the front and rear opposite fixed support rods 11 are respectively connected with the lower screw rods 13 and the lower slide rods 15, the lifting assembly 4 is slidably arranged between the lower screw rods 13 and the lower slide rods 15, and the lifting assembly 4 is slidably arranged on the upper wall of the base 1; A first motor 121 is provided at the end of the upper screw rod 12, and a second motor 131 is provided at the end of the lower screw rod 13. The first motor 121 and the second motor 131 are fixed on the fixed support rod 11, and the output ends of the first motor 121 and the second motor 131 are respectively connected to the ends of the upper screw rod 12 and the lower screw rod 13, and a pair of movable track wheels 16 are provided on the lower wall of the base 1.

[0023] The side protection assembly 2 includes a supporting slide bar 21, an inner baffle plate 22, a telescopic pole 23, a controller 24 and a side support plate 25. The upper screw rod 12 and the upper slide bar 14 are respectively provided with a first sliding block 211 for sliding in pairs. The first sliding block 211 is connected to the upper screw rod 12 by a thread. The supporting slide bar 21 is respectively fixed on the side wall of the first sliding block 211. The inner baffle plate 22 is fixed between the front and rear opposite supporting slide bars 21. The front and rear opposite supporting slide bars 21 are connected in pairs up and down with a connecting rod 213. The connecting rod 213 is arranged on the outer side of the inner baffle plate 22. The telescopic pole 23 is fixed on the connecting rod 213. The controller 24 is fixed on the outer side wall of the inner baffle plate 22. The side support plate 25 is fixed on the output end of the telescopic pole 23. The upper end of the supporting slide bar 21 is respectively provided with a lifting pole 212, and the inner side wall of the inner baffle plate 22 is provided with a control panel 221.

[0024] The top protection assembly 3 includes a main support ring 31, a secondary support ring 32, a control cam 33, a first top support plate 34 and a second top support plate 35. The main support ring 31 is symmetrically arranged above the lifting pole 212, and the output end of the lifting pole 212 is respectively connected to the two ends of the main support ring 31. The secondary support ring 32 is symmetrically fixed to the front and rear side walls of the main support ring 31, and the secondary support ring 32 is arranged below the main support ring 31. The control cam 33 is engaged and rotatably arranged between the secondary support rings 32. The upper wall of the main support ring 31 is penetrated by a circular array of sliding holes 311, and the first sliding rod 341 and the second sliding rod 351 are respectively slidably penetrated in the sliding holes 311. The first sliding rod 341 and the second sliding rod 351 are arranged at intervals. The first top support plate 34 is arranged at the upper end of the first sliding rod 341, and the second top support plate 35 is arranged at the upper end of the second sliding rod 351. The centers of the secondary support ring 32 and the main support ring 31 coincide with each other, there are five sliding holes 311, three first sliding rods 341, two second sliding rods 351, the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35 are respectively arranged in an arc shape, and when the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35 move to the top, the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35 are assembled into a semicircular arc shape; a reset spring 37 is connected between the lower wall of the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35 and the upper wall of the main support ring 31, and the reset spring 37 surrounds the side walls of the first sliding rod 341 and the second sliding rod 351 respectively.

[0025] The control cam 33 includes a cam ring 331 and a protrusion 332. The cam ring 331 is rotatably arranged between the secondary support rings 32. The centers of the cam ring 331 and the secondary support ring 32 coincide with each other. The protrusion 332 is arranged in an annular array on the upper wall of the cam ring 331. The protrusion 332 is arranged between the main support ring 31 and the secondary support ring 32. There are five protrusions 332. Grooves 333 are formed between the protrusions 332. The depths of two of the grooves 333 are greater than the depths of the other two grooves 333. The grooves 333 with larger depths are arranged alternately with the grooves 333 with shallower depths. Sliding grooves 321 are provided on the opposite side walls of the paired secondary support rings 32. Sliding arcs 334 are symmetrically provided on the front and rear side walls of the cam ring 331. The sliding arcs 334 are respectively engaged and slidably arranged in the sliding grooves 321. The lower wall annular array of the cam ring 331 is provided with rotating teeth 335, and the lower wall of the auxiliary support ring 32 is rotatably provided with a switching gear 36, which is respectively meshed with the rotating teeth 335. A synchronization rod 362 is connected between the end surface centers of the switching gear 36, and a switching motor 361 is provided at the rotating shaft of the switching gear 36 on one side, and the output end of the switching motor 361 is connected to the rotating shaft of the switching gear 36.

[0026] The lifting assembly 4 includes a bottom slide plate 41, a scissors-type lifting bracket 42, a lifting platform 43 and a second sliding block 44. The bottom slide plate 41 is slidably arranged on the upper wall of the base 1, and the second sliding blocks 44 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the bottom slide plate 41. The second sliding blocks 44 are respectively slidably sleeved on the side walls of the lower screw rod 13 and the lower slide rod 15. The second sliding block 44 is connected to the lower screw rod 13 by threads. The scissors-type lifting bracket 42 is arranged on the upper wall of the bottom slide plate 41, and the lifting platform 43 is arranged at the upper end of the scissors-type lifting bracket 42. A handrail 431 is arranged on one side edge of the upper wall of the lifting platform 43, and a lifting pole 411 is arranged on the upper wall of the bottom slide plate 41. The output end of the lifting pole 411 is connected to the scissors-type lifting bracket 42.

[0027] The first motor 121 , the second motor 131 , the moving track wheel 16 , the lifting pole 212 , the control panel 221 , the telescopic pole 23 , the switching motor 361 and the lifting pole 411 are electrically connected to the controller 24 , respectively.

[0028] Working principle and workflow: The staff stands on the lifting assembly 4 or the base 1, and controls the operation of the mobile crawler wheel 16 through the control panel 221, thereby controlling the movement of the base 1. The staff moves the entire device to the position where construction is required in the tunnel, and adjusts the top protection assembly 3 and the side protection assembly 2 according to the internal size of the tunnel; A plurality of first top support plates 34 and second top support plates 35 are arranged in a ring, providing effective protection for the staff located under the top protection assembly 3. The staff can adjust the positions of the first top support plates 34 and the second top support plates 35 through the control panel 221. The controller 24 sends a start command to the switching motor 361 according to the staff's operation on the control panel 221. The switching motor 361 can drive the switching gear 36 to rotate, and drive the control cam 33 to rotate by rotating the teeth 335. The protrusion 332 on the control cam 33 can drive the first sliding rod 341 and the second sliding rod 351 to slide in the sliding hole 311, thereby driving the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35 to rise or fall; The depth of the grooves 333 between the protrusions 332 is arranged in a regular pattern of deep and shallow intervals, so that when the cam ring 331 rotates, the first sliding rod 341 can enter the groove 333 with a shallower depth, and the second sliding rod 351 can enter the groove 333 with a deeper depth, so that the second top support plate 35 is lowered to a position lower than the first top support plate 34, and the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35 are folded, thereby reducing the overall size of the device and adapting to tunnel sections of different sizes. At the same time, in order to ensure that the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate The support plate 35 can move stably under the drive of the control cam 33. The first sliding rod 341 and the second sliding rod 351 are respectively provided with a return spring 37. When the first sliding rod 341 and the second sliding rod 351 slide from the top of the protrusion 332 to the groove 333, the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35 will move downward under the elastic action of the return spring 37, and the first sliding rod 341 and the second sliding rod 351 will slide downward along the sliding hole 311, thereby achieving the folding effect of the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35. During the construction process, the height of the first top support plate 34 can be adjusted so that the first top support plate 34 touches the tunnel top wall, thereby ensuring the stability of the tunnel top wall during the construction process and preventing the top wall from falling rocks or collapsing and causing harm to the workers. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown; the staff can also control the lifting pole 212 through the control panel 221. The lifting pole 212 can drive the top protection assembly 3 to rise or fall as a whole, thereby adjusting the position of the first top support plate 34 and the second top support plate 35, and then adapting to tunnel top walls of different heights.

[0029] The device is provided with a side protection component 2, and the telescopic pole 23 can drive the side support plate 25 to extend or retract to both sides of the device. When construction is carried out inside the tunnel, the side support plate 25 can be controlled to touch the tunnel side wall to achieve the support function of the tunnel side wall, thereby ensuring the stability of the tunnel side wall during the construction process and preventing the side wall from collapsing and causing harm to the workers.

[0030] The first motor 121 can drive the upper screw rod 12 to rotate, thereby controlling the first sliding block 211 and the supporting sliding rod 21 to move forward and backward, and then controlling the front and rear positions of the top protection assembly 3 and the side protection assembly 2. In the actual construction process, the positions of the top protection assembly 3 and the side protection assembly 2 can be adjusted to facilitate construction personnel to construct and inspect the top of the tunnel; The second motor 131 can drive the lower screw rod 13 to rotate, thereby driving the second sliding block 44 and the bottom slide plate 41 to move forward and backward, and then controlling the front and rear position of the lifting assembly 4. During the actual construction process, the staff can stand on the lifting platform 43 to adjust the front and rear position of the lifting assembly 4, and control the scissors lifting bracket 42 to unfold through the lifting pole 411 to realize the rising of the lifting platform 43, so that the staff can reach a higher construction position, further expanding the working scope of the staff.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0032] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, which is not restrictive. What is shown in the accompanying drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and do not deviate from the purpose of the invention, they can creatively design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical scheme, which should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction protection device, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The four corners of the upper wall of the base (1) are respectively provided with fixed support rods (11), and the upper ends of the fixed support rods (11) opposite to each other are respectively connected with an upper screw rod (12) and an upper slide rod (14), and the upper screw rod (12) and the upper slide rod (14) are symmetrically slidably provided with side protection components (2), and the upper side protection components (2) are symmetrically provided with a top protection component (3) above them, and the lower ends of the fixed support rods (11) opposite to each other are respectively connected with a lower screw rod (13) and a lower slide rod (15), and a lifting component (4) is slidably provided between the lower screw rod (13) and the lower slide rod (15), and the lifting component (4) is slidably provided on the upper wall of the base (1), and the top protection component (3) comprises a main support ring (31), a secondary support ring (32), a control cam (33), a first top support plate (34) and a second top support plate (35). A support plate (35), wherein the main support ring (31) is symmetrically arranged above the side protection component (2), the secondary support ring (32) is symmetrically fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the main support ring (31), the secondary support ring (32) is arranged below the main support ring (31), the control cam (33) is rotatably arranged between the secondary support rings (32), an annular array of sliding holes (311) is penetrated through the upper wall of the main support ring (31), a first sliding rod (341) and a second sliding rod (351) are respectively slidably penetrated through the sliding holes (311), the first sliding rod (341) and the second sliding rod (351) are arranged at intervals, the first top support plate (34) is arranged at the upper end of the first sliding rod (341), and the second top support plate (35) is arranged at the upper end of the second sliding rod (351).

2. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centers of the secondary support ring (32) and the main support ring (31) coincide with each other, the number of the sliding holes (311) is five, the number of the first sliding rods (341) is three, the number of the second sliding rods (351) is two, the first top support plate (34) and the second top support plate (35) are respectively arranged in an arc shape, and when the first top support plate (34) and the second top support plate (35) move to the uppermost position, the first top support plate (34) and the second top support plate (35) are assembled into a semicircular arc shape; a return spring (37) is connected between the lower wall of the first top support plate (34) and the second top support plate (35) and the upper wall of the main support ring (31), and the return spring (37) surrounds the side walls of the first sliding rod (341) and the second sliding rod (351), respectively.

3. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control cam (33) comprises a cam ring (331) and protrusions (332); the cam ring (331) is rotatably arranged between the secondary support rings (32); the centers of the cam ring (331) and the secondary support ring (32) coincide with each other; an annular array of protrusions (332) is arranged on the upper wall of the cam ring (331); the protrusions (332) are arranged between the main support ring (31) and the secondary support ring (32); the number of the protrusions (332) is five, and the distance between the protrusions (332) is 1 / 4. Grooves (333) are formed by spacing, wherein the depth of two of the grooves (333) is greater than the depth of the other two grooves (333), and the grooves (333) with greater depth are arranged in an alternating manner with the grooves (333) with less depth, and the side walls opposite to each other of the auxiliary support rings (32) arranged in pairs are provided with sliding grooves (321), and the front and rear side walls of the cam ring (331) are symmetrically provided with sliding arcs (334), and the sliding arcs (334) are respectively engaged and slidably arranged in the sliding grooves (321).

4. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower wall of the cam ring (331) is provided with a rotating toothed tooth (335) in an annular array, and the lower wall of the auxiliary support ring (32) is provided with a switching gear (36) in rotation, and the switching gears (36) are respectively arranged to mesh with the rotating toothed teeth (335), and a synchronization rod (362) is connected between the end face centers of the switching gears (36), and a switching motor (361) is provided at the rotating shaft of the switching gear (36) on one side, and the output end of the switching motor (361) is connected to the rotating shaft of the switching gear (36).

5. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side protection assembly (2) comprises a support slide bar (21), an inner baffle plate (22), a telescopic pole (23), a controller (24) and a side support plate (25); first sliding blocks (211) are respectively slidably provided on the upper screw rod (12) and the upper slide bar (14) in pairs; the first sliding blocks (211) are connected to the upper screw rod (12) by threads; the support slide bars (21) are respectively fixedly provided on the side walls of the first sliding blocks (211); the inner baffle plate (22) is fixedly provided between the front and rear opposite support slide bars (21); the front and rear opposite support slide bars (21) are connected in pairs up and down; the connecting rods (213) are provided on the outer side of the inner baffle plate (22); the telescopic pole (23) is fixedly provided on the connecting rods (213); the controller (24) is fixedly provided on the outer side wall of the inner baffle plate (22); and the side support plate (25) is fixedly provided on the output end of the telescopic pole (23).

6. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper ends of the support slide bars (21) are respectively provided with lifting poles (212), the output ends of the lifting poles (212) are respectively connected to the two ends of the main support ring (31), and the inner side wall of the inner baffle plate (22) is provided with a control panel (221).

7. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (4) comprises a bottom slide plate (41), a scissor lift bracket (42), a lifting platform (43) and a second sliding block (44); the bottom slide plate (41) is slidably arranged on the upper wall of the base (1); the second sliding blocks (44) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the bottom slide plate (41); the second sliding blocks (44) are slidably sleeved on the side walls of the lower screw rod (13) and the lower slide rod (15), respectively; the second sliding block (44) is connected to the lower screw rod (13) by threads; the scissor lift bracket (42) is arranged on the upper wall of the bottom slide plate (41); and the lifting platform (43) is arranged at the upper end of the scissor lift bracket (42).

8. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first motor (121) is provided at the end of the upper screw rod (12), and a second motor (131) is provided at the end of the lower screw rod (13); the first motor (121) and the second motor (131) are fixedly mounted on a fixed support rod (11); and output ends of the first motor (121) and the second motor (131) are connected to the ends of the upper screw rod (12) and the lower screw rod (13), respectively.

9. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A handrail (431) is provided on one side edge of the upper wall of the lifting platform (43), a lifting pole (411) is provided on the upper wall of the bottom slide plate (41), an output end of the lifting pole (411) is connected to a scissor lift bracket (42), and a pair of movable track wheels (16) are provided on the lower wall of the base (1).

10. A tunnel construction protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first motor (121), the second motor (131), the movable track wheel (16), the lifting pole (212), the control panel (221), the telescopic pole (23), the switching motor (361) and the lifting pole (411) are electrically connected to the controller (24), respectively.

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