Thickness testing method and device for flexible aerogel product and hardness meter

Abstract

The invention discloses a thickness testing method for a flexible aerogel product. The thickness testing method comprises the following steps: preparing two square samples; applying a first pressure to the first sample, measuring the deformation generated by the first sample, and converting the deformation into the hardness of the sample; querying a hardness-compression strength comparison table to obtain pressure required for flattening the sample, and recording the pressure as second pressure; and pressing the second sample by adopting a second pressure intensity, and measuring the thickness of the flattened second sample to obtain a measurement result. Thickness testing is achieved through the thickness testing device for the flexible aerogel product. The thickness testing device for the flexible aerogel product comprises a base, an upper pressing disc and a hardness meter for flexible aerogel, wherein the hardness meter for the flexible aerogel is arranged between the base and the upper pressing disc. The flexible aerogel product thickness measuring device can measure the thickness of the flexible aerogel product and is suitable for thickness measurement of different flexible aerogel products, and the measurement result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material testing, and in particular to a thickness testing method, device and hardness tester for flexible aerogel products. Background Art

[0002] Thickness is an important parameter for testing flexible aerogel products. In the process of testing mechanical properties, heat transfer properties and volume density, the results of thickness tests need to be introduced for calculation. Different thickness values ​​will directly affect the test results of the physical properties of flexible aerogel products. Since aerogel products are usually supercritically treated in the form of rolled felt, the formed products have a certain curvature. This curvature and the certain rigidity and hardness of the product itself vary depending on the manufacturer and production process, so it is generally necessary to test the thickness by flattening the sample.

[0003] At present, the more common methods for measuring thickness include steel ruler method, vernier caliper method, needle thickness gauge method, thickness gauge method, H-type thickness gauge method, optical thickness measurement method, displacement sensor method and weighted micrometer method. Steel ruler and vernier caliper are methods that use measuring tools to directly measure the thickness of flexible aerogel products at the edge. The advantages are convenience and speed, and the disadvantages are that they can only be tested at the edge of the sample, and the parameters obtained are difficult to describe the thickness of the entire sample. At the same time, because the aerogel composite felt is flexible, the test boundary when using steel ruler and vernier caliper is almost controlled by the operator. There is no prescribed regulation to limit it, and the personal influence is relatively large. Both test methods will produce large errors. The needle thickness gauge equipment comes from the standards GB / T5480 and GB / T 17911. The difference between the two is the weight of the pressure plate. When using such equipment to test aerogel felt, it is usually faced with the situation that the test sample cannot be penetrated or the sample will be irreversibly damaged in thickness after puncturing the sample, and the test operation is too difficult. The thickness gauge equipment comes from the standard GB / T 34336, which is the test equipment specified in the national standard for flexible aerogel felt. However, due to the early release of the standard and the fact that aerogel felt has developed towards high bulk density and high hardness in recent years, the pressure originally specified in the standard is difficult to flatten the sample, and this test method is becoming less and less applicable. The H-type thickness gauge is commonly used to test the thickness of vacuum insulation board products. Its advantages are that the measuring point is relatively small and can be close to the surface of the sample. It has a certain handle length and can test the measuring point pressure head in the middle relatively far from the edge of the sample. The disadvantage is that the pressure of the pressure head is still insufficient, and the small pressure head leads to large test errors. The displacement sensor thickness measurement method is to press the sample to be flat by naked eye observation, and then determine the thickness of the sample by displacement change. However, the pressure process of the sample is difficult to be expressed in force or displacement changes, and human errors will be introduced if the whole process is observed with the naked eye.

[0004] Now, the more novel solutions are optical thickness measurement and weighted micrometer method. The weighted micrometer method mainly adds weight to the micrometer pressure head to increase the flatness of the contact surface between the sample and the pressure head, or reduces the volume to increase the pressure of the pressure head, and increases the measuring points to compensate for the error caused by reducing the pressure head volume. These ideas still do not jump out of the scope of thickness gauges and are coping methods to solve temporary problems. Optical measurement is the most accurate method for measuring the thickness of solid materials. It is generally carried out by laser lighting or scanning modeling. However, due to the material of the aerogel felt itself, the sample surface has many wrinkles and irregular shapes, which brings great operational difficulties to the use of optical methods for measurement.

[0005] In summary, it is difficult to perform standardized measurement of the thickness of flexible aerogels using existing methods. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a thickness testing method, device and hardness tester for flexible aerogel products. The thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products has the advantages of being able to measure the thickness of flexible aerogel products, being suitable for thickness measurement of different flexible aerogel products, and having more accurate measurement results.

[0007] The above-mentioned object of the present application is achieved through the following technical solutions: In one aspect, the present application provides a thickness testing method for a flexible aerogel product, comprising the following steps: S1: Prepare 2 square specimens; S2: applying a first pressure to the first sample, measuring the maximum deformation of the first sample and converting it into the hardness of the sample; S3: According to the hardness of the sample obtained in step S2, the hardness-compression strength comparison table is searched to obtain the pressure required to flatten the sample, which is recorded as the second pressure; S4: pressing the second sample with a second pressure, and measuring the thickness of the flattened second sample to obtain a measurement result.

[0008] Furthermore, the hardness-compression strength comparison table is obtained by the following method: The hardness and compression strength of several existing flexible aerogel products were tested to obtain the corresponding relationship between the hardness and compression strength of the samples; A flattening test was performed on several existing flexible aerogel products to obtain the compressive strength of the samples when they were flattened; Draw a scatter plot of sample hardness-compression strength and use curve fitting Plot the specimen hardness versus compressive strength when flattened and use a curve fit.

[0009] Further, the steps S2 and S4 are implemented by a thickness testing device for flexible aerogel products, and the thickness testing device for flexible aerogel products comprises a base, an upper platen, and a hardness tester for flexible aerogel; The flexible aerogel hardness tester comprises: An outer cylinder, wherein a counterweight stabilizing plate is disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the counterweight stabilizing plate is mounted on the base; An inner cylinder, wherein the contents are arranged in the outer cylinder, and the top of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder; A pressure rod, wherein a flat plate is provided at the top of the pressure rod, and the flat plate is used to be connected to the bottom of the upper pressure plate, the pressure rod passes through the inner cylinder and a pressure head is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod; A first spring, wherein the first spring is arranged between the pressure rod and the inner cylinder, and two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner cylinder and the pressure head; Two strain gauges, which are respectively arranged on the upper side of the inner cylinder and at the junction of the pressure head and the spring; and a display calculation unit connected to the two strain gauges for calculating and displaying the displacement detected by the strain gauges.

[0010] When executing step S2, the hardness tester for the flexible aerogel is placed between the base and the upper pressing plate, and when executing step S4, the hardness tester for the flexible aerogel is taken out from between the base and the upper pressing plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the working surface of the pressure head is a spherical surface, and the pressure head is provided with a first limiting step whose diameter is larger than the diameter of the inner cylinder; the pressure rod is provided with a second limiting step at a position above the outer cylinder, and a second spring is provided between the outer cylinder and the second limiting step.

[0012] Furthermore, the display and calculation unit is arranged on the surface of the outer cylinder, the strain gauge is connected to the display and calculation unit through a wire, and grooves are provided on the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder for wiring of the wire.

[0013] Furthermore, the base includes a ball seat and a lower pressure plate, the ball seat is provided with a spherical groove, and the bottom of the lower pressure plate is provided with a protrusion that cooperates with the spherical groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower pressing plate is provided with at least three non-collinear laser rangefinders, the laser rangefinders are embedded in the lower pressing plate and the upper surface of the laser rangefinders is not higher than the upper surface of the lower pressing plate, and the bottom of the upper pressing plate is provided with a reflective film corresponding to the laser rangefinders one by one.

[0015] Furthermore, the hardness tester for flexible aerogel also includes an electronic universal testing machine, the pressure of the pressure rod in the hardness tester for flexible aerogel is provided by the electronic universal testing machine, and the upper pressure plate is provided with a connecting rod with a pin hole for connecting with the crossbeam of the electronic universal testing machine.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, the deformation of the first sample is obtained by a strain gauge; in step S4, the thickness of the second sample is measured and obtained by reading a laser rangefinder.

[0017] In another aspect, the present application provides a hardness tester for a flexible aerogel, comprising: An outer cylinder, wherein a counterweight stabilizing plate is disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the counterweight stabilizing plate is mounted on the base; An inner cylinder, wherein the contents are arranged in the outer cylinder, and the top of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder; A pressure rod, wherein a flat plate is provided at the top of the pressure rod, and the flat plate is used to be connected to the bottom of the upper pressure plate, the pressure rod passes through the inner cylinder and a pressure head is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod; A first spring, wherein the first spring is arranged between the pressure rod and the inner cylinder, and two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner cylinder and the pressure head; Two strain gauges, which are respectively arranged on the upper side of the inner cylinder and at the junction of the pressure head and the spring; and a display calculation unit connected to the two strain gauges for calculating and displaying the displacement detected by the strain gauges.

[0018] In yet another aspect, the present application provides a thickness testing device for a flexible aerogel product, comprising a base, an upper pressure plate, an electronic universal testing machine, and a hardness tester for the flexible aerogel as described above; The base comprises a ball seat and a lower pressing plate, the ball seat is provided with a spherical groove, and the bottom of the lower pressing plate is provided with a convex block matching with the spherical groove; The lower pressing plate is provided with at least three non-collinear laser rangefinders, the laser rangefinders are embedded in the lower pressing plate and the upper surface of the laser rangefinders is not higher than the upper surface of the lower pressing plate, and the bottom of the upper pressing plate is provided with a reflective film corresponding to the laser rangefinders one by one; The upper pressing plate is provided with a connecting rod with a pin hole, which is used for connecting with the crossbeam of the electronic universal testing machine.

[0019] In summary, the beneficial effects of this application are: 1. This application scheme has a wide range of applications and has no restrictions on flexible aerogel products. It can be used to test the thickness of different flexible aerogel products; 2. This application scheme uses a flexible aerogel hardness tester to test the hardness of the product. By querying the hardness-compression strength correspondence table obtained in advance verification test, the initial pressure value required for product testing can be found, and how to set the initial pressure to achieve the effect of flattening the test sample without over-compression can be solved in a scientific and effective way, thereby obtaining a more accurate measurement result; 3. In the test of this application scheme, a laser rangefinder is used to test the distance between the flat plates as the sample thickness, so as to avoid the error of manual reading and reduce the influence of the wrinkles on the surface of the flexible felt on the test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hardness tester for a flexible aerogel in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a base and an upper pressure plate in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of thickness measurement steps of a flexible aerogel product in one embodiment of the present application.

[0021] In the figure, 100, base; 101, ball seat; 102, lower pressure plate; 200, upper pressure plate; 201, pin hole; 300, hardness tester for flexible aerogel; 301, outer cylinder; 302, inner cylinder; 303, pressure rod; 3031, plane disk; 3032, pressure head; 3033, first limit step; 3034, second limit step; 304, first spring; 305, second spring; 306, strain gauge; 307, display calculation unit; 308, wire; 309, counterweight stabilization plate; 400, laser rangefinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Embodiment 1: A thickness testing method for a flexible aerogel product, comprising the following steps: S1: Prepare 2 square specimens; S2: applying a first pressure to the first sample, measuring the maximum deformation of the first sample and converting it into the hardness of the sample; S3: According to the hardness of the sample obtained in step S2, the hardness-compression strength comparison table is searched to obtain the pressure required to flatten the sample, which is recorded as the second pressure; S4: pressing the second sample with a second pressure, and measuring the thickness of the flattened second sample to obtain a measurement result.

[0024] The hardness-compression strength comparison table is obtained by the following method: Hardness and compression strength tests were performed on several existing flexible aerogel products to obtain the corresponding relationship between the hardness and compression strength of the samples. Flattening tests were performed on several existing flexible aerogel products to obtain the compression strength of the samples when flattened. A scatter plot of sample hardness-compression strength was drawn and fitted with a curve. A scatter plot of sample hardness-compression strength when flattened was drawn and fitted with a curve.

[0025] The steps S2 and S4 are implemented by a thickness testing device for flexible aerogel products, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the thickness testing device for flexible aerogel products comprises a base, an upper pressing plate and a hardness tester for flexible aerogel; The flexible aerogel hardness tester comprises: An outer cylinder, wherein a counterweight stabilizing plate is disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the counterweight stabilizing plate is mounted on the base; An inner cylinder, wherein the contents are arranged in the outer cylinder, and the top of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder; A pressure rod, wherein a flat plate is provided at the top of the pressure rod, and the flat plate is used to be connected to the bottom of the upper pressure plate. The pressure rod passes through the inner cylinder and a pressure head is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod; A first spring, wherein the first spring is arranged between the pressure rod and the inner cylinder, and two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner cylinder and the pressure head; Two strain gauges, which are respectively arranged on the upper side of the inner cylinder and at the junction of the pressure head and the spring; and a display calculation unit connected to the two strain gauges for calculating and displaying the displacement detected by the strain gauges.

[0026] When executing step S2, the hardness tester for the flexible aerogel is placed between the base and the upper pressing plate, and when executing step S4, the hardness tester for the flexible aerogel is taken out from between the base and the upper pressing plate.

[0027] The working surface of the pressure head is a spherical surface, and the pressure head is provided with a first limiting step with a diameter larger than the diameter of the inner cylinder. The first spring provides a pulling force to the pressure head, and the first limiting step is used to limit the pressure head to prevent the pressure head from retracting into the inner cylinder. At the same time, after the test, the first spring can drive the pressure head to reset.

[0028] The pressure rod is provided with a second limiting step at a position above the outer cylinder, and a second spring is provided between the outer cylinder and the second limiting step. The second limiting step limits the downward pressure of the pressure rod, preventing the flat disk at the top of the pressure rod from contacting the outer cylinder and causing damage to the device. The second spring protects the device, and when the pressure rod is pressed down, the second limiting step compresses the second spring, preventing the second limiting step from directly contacting the outer cylinder and causing damage to the device.

[0029] The display and calculation unit is arranged on the surface of the outer cylinder, the strain gauge is connected to the display and calculation unit through a wire, and grooves are arranged on the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder for wiring of the wire.

[0030] The base comprises a ball seat and a lower pressing plate. The ball seat is provided with a spherical groove, and the bottom of the lower pressing plate is provided with a convex block matched with the spherical groove.

[0031] The lower pressing plate is provided with at least three non-collinear laser rangefinders, the laser rangefinders are embedded in the lower pressing plate and the upper surface of the laser rangefinders is not higher than the upper surface of the lower pressing plate, and the bottom of the upper pressing plate is provided with a reflective film corresponding to the laser rangefinders one by one. In this embodiment, the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate are both rectangular, and the laser rangefinders have four laser rangefinders respectively arranged at the four corners of the lower pressing plate. Similarly, reflective films are respectively attached to the four corners of the upper pressing plate.

[0032] The ball seat is used to adjust the direction of the lower pressure plate. Through the readings of the 4 laser rangefinders, the lower pressure plate can be adjusted to be parallel to the upper pressure plate. Before testing, the lower pressure plate should be adjusted to be parallel to the upper pressure plate.

[0033] The hardness tester for flexible aerogel also includes an electronic universal testing machine. The pressure of the pressure rod in the hardness tester for flexible aerogel is provided by the electronic universal testing machine. The upper pressure plate is provided with a connecting rod with a pin hole for connecting with the crossbeam of the electronic universal testing machine.

[0034] In step S2, the deformation of the first sample is obtained by the strain gauge. The sample hardness HP is obtained by the following formula:

[0035] Wherein, HP is the hardness of the customized flexible aerogel product of this embodiment; A is the area of ​​the upper platen; S is the bearing pressure of the upper pressure plate; k is the first spring elastic coefficient; G is the weight of the hardness tester system for flexible aerogel, which is a constant value; d is the spherical radius of the indenter; x is the strain gauge displacement.

[0036] In step S4, the thickness of the second sample is measured and obtained by reading the laser rangefinder.

[0037] When testing the thickness of flexible aerogel products, cut a sample of a certain size. Adjust the upper and lower pressure plates to be parallel by adjusting the ball seat, place the prepared sample with the concave surface facing down in the center of the lower pressure plate, then place the flexible aerogel hardness tester in the center of the sample, and apply a fixed pressure to the flat plate on the top of the flexible aerogel hardness tester with an electronic universal testing machine. Read the maximum value of the display screen of the outer cylinder as the hardness of the flexible aerogel. According to the comparison table of hardness and pressure, determine the pressure required to press the sample of the test hardness to flatness. After removing this sample and the flexible aerogel hardness tester, place a new sample of the same size in the center of the lower pressure plate, and use the pressure obtained by comparison to press the aerogel product. After the reading of the laser rangefinder stabilizes, take the distance reading, which is the true thickness of the aerogel product.

[0038] The method is further described below using a typical flexible aerogel product.

[0039] Test sample status: bulk density is 200kg / m3, nominal thickness is 10mm, the actual thickness of the flattened sample is 12.32mm, the sample is 20mm long, 20mm wide, the thickness is the original thickness of the product, the length direction is a straight edge, the width direction is an arc edge with a curvature radius of 300mm, and the overall shape is close to a tile.

[0040] The thickness test was carried out using the GB / T 34336 test method: a steel plate with a pressure of 350Pa was used to flatten the sample. After calculation, the mass of the steel plate was 1.4kg, and the arc of the sample was not flattened. When the concave surface was facing downward, the maximum distance between the sample and the lower bottom plate was 15mm. According to the thickness gauge reading, since the measuring point position included the sample thickness and the maximum distance between the sample and the lower bottom plate, the sample thickness test value was 27.36mm, which was seriously deviated from the actual value.

[0041] The thickness test is performed using the method of this embodiment: the test steps are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, after cutting the sample, place the sample with the concave surface facing up on the ball seat chassis adjusted horizontally, place a hardness tester for flexible aerogel in the center of the sample, adjust the crossbeam of the electronic universal testing machine so that the upper pressure plate of the electronic universal testing machine exerts a pressure of 5kPa on the flat plate on which the hardness tester for flexible aerogel applies pressure, and the spherical pressure head of the hardness tester presses into the upper surface of the sample without producing a piercing effect. The displacement of the pressure head of the hardness tester for flexible aerogel at this time is displayed on the display screen through the capacitive strain gauge, and the maximum value represents the hardness of the sample. By querying the hardness-compression strength comparison table, it can be found that the pressure required to flatten the sample is 850Pa. Place a new sample on the ball seat chassis adjusted horizontally of the strength machine, adjust the crossbeam so that the upper pressure plate of the strength machine exerts a pressure of 850Pa on the sample, and the thickness of the sample can be directly obtained by reading the indication of the laser rangefinder as 12.32mm, which is consistent with the actual thickness.

[0042] Embodiment 2: A hardness tester for flexible aerogel, comprising: An outer cylinder, wherein a counterweight stabilizing plate is disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the counterweight stabilizing plate is mounted on the base; An inner cylinder, wherein the contents are arranged in the outer cylinder, and the top of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder; A pressure rod, wherein a flat plate is provided at the top of the pressure rod, and the flat plate is used to be connected to the bottom of the upper pressure plate. The pressure rod passes through the inner cylinder and a pressure head is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod; A first spring, wherein the first spring is arranged between the pressure rod and the inner cylinder, and two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner cylinder and the pressure head; Two strain gauges, which are respectively arranged on the upper side of the inner cylinder and at the junction of the pressure head and the spring; and a display calculation unit connected to the two strain gauges for calculating and displaying the displacement detected by the strain gauges.

[0043] The working surface of the pressure head is a spherical surface, and the pressure head is provided with a first limiting step with a diameter larger than the diameter of the inner cylinder. The first spring provides a pulling force to the pressure head, and the first limiting step is used to limit the pressure head to prevent the pressure head from retracting into the inner cylinder. At the same time, after the test, the first spring can drive the pressure head to reset.

[0044] The pressure rod is provided with a second limiting step at a position above the outer cylinder, and a second spring is provided between the outer cylinder and the second limiting step. The second limiting step limits the downward pressure of the pressure rod, preventing the flat disk at the top of the pressure rod from contacting the outer cylinder and causing damage to the device. The second spring protects the device, and when the pressure rod is pressed down, the second limiting step compresses the second spring, preventing the second limiting step from directly contacting the outer cylinder and causing damage to the device.

[0045] The display and calculation unit is arranged on the surface of the outer cylinder, the strain gauge is connected to the display and calculation unit through a wire, and grooves are arranged on the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder for wiring of the wire.

[0046] Embodiment 3: A thickness testing device for a flexible aerogel product, comprising a base, an upper pressure plate, an electronic universal testing machine, and a hardness tester for a flexible aerogel as described in Embodiment 2; The base comprises a ball seat and a lower pressing plate, the ball seat is provided with a spherical groove, and the bottom of the lower pressing plate is provided with a convex block matching with the spherical groove; The lower pressing plate is provided with at least three non-collinear laser rangefinders, the laser rangefinders are embedded in the lower pressing plate and the upper surface of the laser rangefinders is not higher than the upper surface of the lower pressing plate, and the bottom of the upper pressing plate is provided with a reflective film corresponding to the laser rangefinders one by one; The upper pressing plate is provided with a connecting rod with a pin hole, which is used for connecting with the crossbeam of the electronic universal testing machine.

[0047] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Prepare 2 square specimens; S2: applying a first pressure to the first sample, measuring the maximum deformation of the first sample and converting it into the hardness of the sample; S3: According to the hardness of the sample obtained in step S2, the hardness-compression strength comparison table is searched to obtain the pressure required to flatten the sample, which is recorded as the second pressure; S4: pressing the second sample with a second pressure, and measuring the thickness of the flattened second sample to obtain a measurement result.

2. The thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardness-compression strength comparison table is obtained by the following method: The hardness and compression strength of several existing flexible aerogel products were tested to obtain the corresponding relationship between the hardness and compression strength of the samples; A flattening test was performed on several existing flexible aerogel products to obtain the compressive strength of the samples when they were flattened; Draw a scatter plot of sample hardness-compression strength and use curve fitting; Plot the specimen hardness versus compressive strength when flattened and use a curve fit.

3. The thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps S2 and S4 are implemented by a thickness testing device for flexible aerogel products, wherein the thickness testing device for flexible aerogel products comprises a base, an upper pressing plate and a hardness tester for flexible aerogel; The flexible aerogel hardness tester comprises: An outer cylinder, wherein a counterweight stabilizing plate is disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the counterweight stabilizing plate is mounted on the base; An inner cylinder, wherein the contents are arranged in the outer cylinder, and the top of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder; A pressure rod, wherein a flat plate is provided at the top of the pressure rod, and the flat plate is used to be connected to the bottom of the upper pressure plate. The pressure rod passes through the inner cylinder and a pressure head is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod; A first spring, wherein the first spring is arranged between the pressure rod and the inner cylinder, and two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner cylinder and the pressure head; Two strain gauges, which are respectively arranged on the upper side of the inner cylinder and at the junction of the pressure head and the spring; and a display calculation unit connected to the two strain gauges and used for calculating and displaying the displacement detected by the strain gauges; When executing step S2, the hardness tester for the flexible aerogel is placed between the base and the upper pressing plate, and when executing step S4, the hardness tester for the flexible aerogel is taken out from between the base and the upper pressing plate.

4. The thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working surface of the pressure head is a spherical surface, and the pressure head is provided with a first limiting step with a diameter greater than the diameter of the inner cylinder. When the first limiting step contacts the inner cylinder, the lower end surface of the pressure head is flush with the bottom surface of the counterweight stabilizing plate; The position of the pressure rod above the outer cylinder is provided with a second limiting step, and a second spring is provided between the outer cylinder and the second limiting step.

5. The thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display and calculation unit is arranged on the surface of the outer cylinder, the strain gauge is connected to the display and calculation unit through a wire, and grooves are arranged on the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder for wiring of the wire.

6. The thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base comprises a ball seat and a lower pressing plate, the ball seat is provided with a spherical groove, and the bottom of the lower pressing plate is provided with a convex block matching with the spherical groove; The lower pressing plate is provided with at least three non-collinear laser rangefinders, the laser rangefinders are embedded in the lower pressing plate and the upper surface of the laser rangefinders is not higher than the upper surface of the lower pressing plate, and the bottom of the upper pressing plate is provided with reflective films corresponding to the laser rangefinders one by one.

7. The thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness testing device for flexible aerogel products also includes an electronic universal testing machine. The pressure of the pressure rod in the flexible aerogel hardness tester is provided by the electronic universal testing machine. The upper pressure plate is provided with a connecting rod with a pin hole for connecting with the crossbeam of the electronic universal testing machine.

8. The thickness testing method for flexible aerogel products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the deformation of the first sample is obtained by a strain gauge; in step S4, the thickness of the second sample is measured and obtained by reading the laser rangefinder.

9. A hardness tester for flexible aerogel, characterized in that: include: An outer cylinder, wherein a counterweight stabilizing plate is disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the counterweight stabilizing plate is mounted on the base; An inner cylinder, wherein the contents are arranged in the outer cylinder, and the top of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder; A pressure rod, wherein a flat plate is provided at the top of the pressure rod, and the flat plate is used to be connected to the bottom of the upper pressure plate. The pressure rod passes through the inner cylinder and a pressure head is provided at the bottom of the pressure rod; A first spring, wherein the first spring is arranged between the pressure rod and the inner cylinder, and two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the inner cylinder and the pressure head; Two strain gauges, which are respectively arranged on the upper side of the inner cylinder and at the junction of the pressure head and the spring; and a display calculation unit connected to the two strain gauges for calculating and displaying the displacement detected by the strain gauges.

10. A thickness testing device for flexible aerogel products, characterized in that: It comprises a base, an upper pressure plate, an electronic universal testing machine and a hardness tester for flexible aerogel as claimed in claim 9; The base comprises a ball seat and a lower pressing plate, the ball seat is provided with a spherical groove, and the bottom of the lower pressing plate is provided with a convex block matching with the spherical groove; The lower pressing plate is provided with at least three non-collinear laser rangefinders, the laser rangefinders are embedded in the lower pressing plate and the upper surface of the laser rangefinders is not higher than the upper surface of the lower pressing plate, and the bottom of the upper pressing plate is provided with a reflective film corresponding to the laser rangefinders one by one; The upper pressing plate is provided with a connecting rod with a pin hole for connecting with a crossbeam of the electronic universal testing machine.

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