Cable tunnel safety monitoring method and system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention provides a cable tunnel safety monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things. The system comprises a field monitoring module and a central processing module. The field monitoring module comprises a sensor monitoring node, an access control monitoring node and a gateway node; the sensor monitoring nodes are in wireless Internet of Things communication connection with the surrounding access control monitoring nodes, and environment monitoring data collected by the sensor monitoring nodes are transmitted to the access control monitoring nodes; the access control monitoring node transmits the acquired data to the next access control monitoring node according to a preset transmission line until the data is transmitted to the gateway node; the gateway node is in wireless communication connection with the central processing module and is used for transmitting the converged field monitoring data to the central processing module; and the central processing module is used for performing safety analysis according to the acquired environment monitoring data and the access monitoring data to obtain a safety analysis result. According to the invention, the reliability and the intelligent level of remote monitoring and safety analysis of the cable tunnel can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable tunnel safety monitoring, and in particular to a cable tunnel safety monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of my country's urbanization process, the construction of infrastructure such as electricity and communications is also accelerating. The construction and use of cable tunnels are becoming more and more extensive.

[0003] In existing technologies, monitoring equipment installed in cable tunnels is typically managed and controlled by a centralized central control server, with data exchanged directly between the monitoring equipment and the central control server via wireless communication. However, due to the geographical location and on-site environment of cable tunnels, conventional wireless communication methods are prone to weak signals and packet loss during data exchange, resulting in the loss of monitoring data and affecting the reliability of cable tunnel safety monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a cable tunnel safety monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention illustrates a cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, comprising a field monitoring module and a central processing module; The field monitoring module is set up in the cable tunnel site, including sensor monitoring nodes, access control monitoring nodes and gateway nodes; wherein the sensor monitoring nodes are used to collect environmental monitoring data of the cable tunnel site, and the access control monitoring nodes are used to collect access control monitoring data of the cable tunnel site; wherein the sensor monitoring nodes, access control monitoring nodes and gateway nodes together constitute a wireless sensor network; The sensor monitoring node establishes a wireless IoT communication connection with the access control monitoring nodes around it, and transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the access control monitoring nodes; The access control monitoring node transmits the acquired data to the next access control monitoring node according to the preset transmission line until the data is transmitted to the gateway node; The gateway node is wirelessly connected to the central processing module for transmitting the aggregated monitoring data to the central processing module; The central processing module is used to perform security analysis based on the acquired environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data, obtain security analysis results, and generate control strategies for corresponding access control nodes based on the security analysis results.

[0006] Preferably, the central processing module includes a digital twin module and an intelligent analysis module; The digital twin module is used to build a monitoring model based on the spatial structure of the cable tunnel based on digital twin technology, and to set corresponding environmental monitoring nodes and access control nodes in the monitoring model according to the on-site layout of the cable tunnel. The environmental monitoring nodes of the monitoring model correspond one-to-one with the sensor monitoring nodes of the on-site monitoring module, and the access control nodes of the monitoring model correspond one-to-one with the access control monitoring nodes of the on-site monitoring module. The intelligent analysis module is used to perform environmental safety analysis and personnel safety analysis based on the on-site monitoring data in the monitoring model, obtain environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results, and perform joint analysis based on the obtained environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results to obtain the control strategy of the corresponding access control node.

[0007] Preferably, the system further includes an access control module; The access control module is used to remotely control the access control system at the cable tunnel site according to the control strategy of each access control node obtained by the intelligent analysis module, including controlling the switch status of the access control system and the displayed information.

[0008] Preferably, the intelligent analysis module includes an environment analysis unit, a personnel analysis unit and a joint analysis unit; wherein, The environmental analysis unit is used to perform environmental safety analysis based on the environmental monitoring data of each monitoring node in the monitoring model to obtain environmental safety analysis results; The personnel analysis unit is used to perform personnel security analysis based on the personnel identity information obtained by each access control node in the monitoring model, and obtain personnel security analysis results, wherein the personnel security analysis results include abnormal personnel analysis results and the current personnel retention situation in each area; The joint analysis unit is used to perform a joint analysis based on the obtained environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results to obtain the control strategy of the corresponding access control node.

[0009] Preferably, the joint analysis unit includes a first strategy analysis unit and / or a second strategy analysis unit; wherein, The first strategy analysis unit is used to generate a first control strategy for closing access control for general access control nodes when an abnormality occurs in the environmental security analysis results; and further generate a second control strategy for displaying prompt information for each general access control node according to the location where the security abnormality occurs; the prompt information includes abnormality prompt information and escape direction prompt information.

[0010] The second strategy analysis unit is used to further judge the personnel safety analysis result when the environmental safety analysis result is normal, and to generate a fourth control strategy for closing and locking the access control for the security access control node when the personnel safety analysis result is abnormal.

[0011] Preferably, in the on-site monitoring module, a fixed transmission path is set between the access control monitoring nodes, and each access control monitoring node forms a complete data transmission path. The access control monitoring nodes complete data transmission according to the transmission path, and transmit the data to the next level node in the path until the data is transmitted to the gateway node.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a monitoring method for a cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as shown in any embodiment of the first aspect above, the method comprising the following steps: The field monitoring module collects field monitoring data from the cable tunnel and transmits the collected field monitoring data back to the digital twin module, so that the digital twin module can integrate the received field monitoring data into the corresponding monitoring nodes of the monitoring model and update the monitoring model. The field monitoring data includes environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data. The central processing module performs security analysis based on the acquired environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data, obtains security analysis results, and generates control strategies for corresponding access control nodes based on the security analysis results.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting sensor monitoring nodes and access control monitoring nodes at the cable tunnel site, the present invention can collect environmental data and personnel data in the cable tunnel in real time. In the process of data collection, the sensor nodes and access control monitoring nodes form a wireless Internet of Things network to realize local transmission of field data, and the acquired field monitoring data is transmitted to the gateway node in the form of Internet of Things transmission. The gateway node then transmits the aggregated data to the central processing module for unified and centralized processing, which can adapt to the situation where wireless signals in the cable tunnel are easily blocked and improve the quality and reliability of data transmission. Further, based on the intelligent analysis of the acquired cable tunnel field monitoring data by the central processing module, the safety situation of the cable tunnel can be accurately analyzed based on the real-time and real field monitoring data, which helps to improve the reliability and intelligence level of remote monitoring and safety analysis of the cable tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a framework diagram of a cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things shown in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the following application scenarios.

[0017] See also Figure 1 The embodiment shows a cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, including a field monitoring module and a central processing module; The field monitoring module is set up in the cable tunnel site, including sensor monitoring nodes, access control monitoring nodes and gateway nodes; wherein the sensor monitoring nodes are used to collect environmental monitoring data of the cable tunnel site, and the access control monitoring nodes are used to collect access control monitoring data of the cable tunnel site; wherein the sensor monitoring nodes, access control monitoring nodes and gateway nodes together constitute a wireless sensor network; The sensor monitoring node establishes a wireless IoT communication connection with the access control monitoring nodes around it, and transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the access control monitoring nodes; The access control monitoring node transmits the acquired data to the next access control monitoring node according to the preset transmission line until the data is transmitted to the gateway node; The gateway node is wirelessly connected to the central processing module to transmit the aggregated field monitoring data to the central processing module; the field monitoring data includes environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data; The central processing module is used to perform security analysis based on the acquired on-site monitoring data, obtain security analysis results, and generate control strategies for corresponding access control nodes based on the security analysis results.

[0018] The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, by setting up sensor monitoring nodes and access control monitoring nodes at the cable tunnel site, can collect environmental data and personnel data in the cable tunnel in real time. During the data collection process, the sensor nodes and access control monitoring nodes form a wireless Internet of Things network to realize local transmission of on-site data. The acquired on-site monitoring data is transmitted to the gateway node in an Internet of Things transmission mode. The gateway node then transmits the aggregated data to the central processing module for unified and centralized processing. The segmented data transmission mode of the wireless Internet of Things network can reduce the impact of long-distance transmission of wireless signals in the cable tunnel that is easily blocked, thereby improving the quality and reliability of data transmission. Furthermore, based on the intelligent analysis of the acquired cable tunnel on-site monitoring data by the central processing module, the safety status of the cable tunnel can be accurately analyzed based on the real-time and authentic on-site monitoring data, which helps to improve the reliability and intelligence level of remote monitoring and safety analysis of cable tunnels.

[0019] Preferably, the central processing module includes a digital twin module and an intelligent analysis module; The digital twin module is used to build a monitoring model based on the spatial structure of the cable tunnel based on digital twin technology, and to set corresponding environmental monitoring nodes and access control nodes in the monitoring model according to the on-site layout of the cable tunnel; and to integrate the received environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data into the corresponding nodes of the monitoring model; the environmental monitoring nodes of the monitoring model are set in a one-to-one correspondence with the sensor monitoring nodes of the on-site monitoring module, and the access control nodes of the monitoring model are set in a one-to-one correspondence with the access control monitoring nodes of the on-site monitoring module; The intelligent analysis module is used to perform environmental safety analysis and personnel safety analysis based on the on-site monitoring data in the monitoring model, obtain environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results, and perform joint analysis based on the obtained environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results to obtain the control strategy of the corresponding access control node.

[0020] Preferably, the system further includes an access control module; The access control module is used to remotely control the access control system at the cable tunnel site according to the control strategy of each access control node obtained by the intelligent analysis module, including controlling the switch status of the access control system and the displayed information.

[0021] Preferably, the access control system at the cable tunnel site includes security access control and general access control, wherein the security access control is set at the main entrance and exit of the cable tunnel; the general access control is set inside the cable tunnel to divide the cable tunnel into different spaces, and the general access control is provided with a display unit, which is used to display corresponding information according to the received control instructions.

[0022] Among them, each access control at the cable tunnel site is equipped with a corresponding access control monitoring node.

[0023] Correspondingly, the access control nodes in the monitoring model include general access control nodes and security access control nodes.

[0024] The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention builds a monitoring model for the cable tunnel based on digital twin technology, and sets the monitoring model accordingly according to the actual situation of the cable tunnel, so as to restore the door space structure and access control settings in the digital twin model through the monitoring model, thereby facilitating the subsequent overall monitoring and remote control of the cable tunnel access control system based on the monitoring model. Among them, the real-time monitoring data of the monitoring model is obtained by the on-site monitoring module. By setting up the on-site monitoring module at the cable tunnel site, the real-time collection of the cable tunnel on-site monitoring data can be realized, and the monitoring model can be updated in real time based on the collected on-site monitoring data, which helps to improve the real-time level of the cable tunnel access control remote control system. Based on the monitoring model, the intelligent analysis module conducts intelligent environmental safety analysis and personnel safety analysis of the cable tunnel, and conducts intelligent analysis and monitoring of the impact of the cable tunnel access control from multiple dimensions, which helps to improve the intelligence level of the cable tunnel access control system control. When an abnormal situation is detected in the cable tunnel, a corresponding access control system control strategy is generated, and the access control system at the cable tunnel site is remotely controlled through the access control control module to reduce and avoid the impact of abnormal situations, improve the intelligence level of unmanned monitoring of cable tunnels, and help improve the safety and reliability of cable tunnel construction and daily management.

[0025] The present invention is particularly targeted at the situation where fire, thick smoke, or other abnormal conditions occur in cable tunnels. It can accurately identify and locate the abnormal conditions in a timely manner, and based on the abnormal conditions obtained, uniformly control the access control system in the cable tunnel to isolate the abnormal conditions and prevent them from spreading. Furthermore, the present invention intelligently analyzes the evacuation routes of personnel based on the location of the abnormal conditions, and controls the access control system to display corresponding prompt information based on the evacuation routes to assist on-site personnel in evacuating. This avoids situations where on-site personnel are unable to determine the evacuation routes due to the harsh tunnel environment, thereby improving the safety of daily use of cable tunnels.

[0026] Preferably, the field monitoring module collects environmental monitoring data on the cable tunnel site and transmits the collected environmental monitoring data to the central processing module, wherein the field monitoring module includes a sensor monitoring node, an access control monitoring node and a gateway node; wherein, The sensor monitoring node is used to collect environmental monitoring data at the cable tunnel site and transmit the collected environmental monitoring data to the access control monitoring node; the environmental monitoring data includes temperature, humidity, dust concentration, harmful gas concentration, etc. The access control monitoring node is used to collect access control monitoring data at the cable tunnel site and transmit the acquired data (including the access control monitoring data collected by itself and the aggregated environmental monitoring data obtained by the sensor monitoring node) to the next access control monitoring node until the data is transmitted to the gateway node. The access control monitoring data includes the switch data of the access control and the identity information of the people passing through the access control point on site. The gateway node is wirelessly connected to the central processing module to transmit the aggregated monitoring data to the digital twin module.

[0027] Preferably, the digital twin module is also used to integrate the received on-site monitoring data into the corresponding monitoring nodes of the monitoring model to update the monitoring model.

[0028] The on-site monitoring module is set up in the cable tunnel site, where the sensor monitoring nodes are distributed in different spaces of the cable tunnel, and can collect environmental monitoring data at various locations in the cable tunnel in real time. For special spaces, targeted environmental monitoring sensors can also be set up to obtain a certain environmental indicator in the space to meet the needs of environmental data monitoring and collection in the cable tunnel.

[0029] The access control monitoring node serves as the dividing point between subspaces in the cable tunnel. It can obtain the information of people passing through each space through the access control monitoring node. At the same time, the access control monitoring node also transmits the opening and closing status data of the access control itself in real time to reflect the operating status of the access control system in the cable tunnel.

[0030] When the sensor monitoring nodes and access control monitoring nodes collect and need to transmit corresponding monitoring data, the data transmission is realized through the wireless Internet of Things constructed between the nodes. Through the data transmission method of the wireless Internet of Things, the environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data can be transmitted to the gateway node in a segmented manner. Finally, the gateway node uploads the aggregated monitoring data to the central processing module, which effectively improves the real-time and reliability of data transmission, and can meet the needs of monitoring data collection and data transmission in the confined space of the cable tunnel.

[0031] Preferably, in the on-site monitoring module, a fixed transmission path is set between the access control monitoring nodes, that is, each access control monitoring node forms a complete data transmission path, and the access control monitoring nodes complete data transmission according to the transmission path, and transmit the data to the next level node in the path until the data is transmitted to the gateway node.

[0032] According to the specific setting position of the gateway node, the transmission link of the access control monitoring node is set in advance, and the Internet of Things data transmission is realized between the access control monitoring nodes. The access control monitoring node can transmit the data it collects and the collected data (data from the sensor monitoring nodes within the range) to the next access control monitoring node according to the preset transmission path, and finally complete the convergence transmission of data to the gateway node, which can meet the needs of stable data transmission in the cable tunnel environment.

[0033] Among them, since the access control monitoring node relies on the power supply of the access control system, its stability and sustainability are higher than those of the environmental monitoring node (the sensor node may be energy-depleted). Therefore, the setting of the transmission path between the access control monitoring nodes can ensure the reliability and stability of data transmission.

[0034] Taking into account the transmission method through the wireless Internet of Things in the cable tunnel environment, it is necessary to optimize the design of the data transmission link. Therefore, the present invention also specifically proposes a data transmission link technical solution composed of sensor monitoring nodes and access control monitoring nodes in the cable tunnel environment, so that each node can accurately transmit the acquired monitoring data to the gateway node based on the Internet of Things transmission technology.

[0035] Preferably, in the on-site monitoring module, the sensor monitoring node transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the access control monitoring node, specifically including: The sensor monitoring node searches for access control monitoring nodes within its surrounding area. When it detects an access control monitoring node within its direct communication radius, the sensor monitoring node establishes a direct communication connection with the access control monitoring node and uses the access control monitoring node as the next-level node, transmitting the environmental monitoring data it has collected to the next-level node. Among them, when the sensor monitoring node detects that there are multiple access control monitoring nodes within its direct communication radius, the sensor monitoring node further receives the access control monitoring node status characteristics broadcast by the access control monitoring node, and selects an appropriate access control monitoring node as the next-level node based on the obtained status characteristics, specifically including: 11) The sensor monitoring node obtains the influence value of the access control monitoring node based on the state characteristics broadcast by the access control monitoring node, where the state characteristics include the location information of the access control monitoring node and the average data transmission rate between the access control monitoring node and other nodes. The influence value calculation function used is:

[0036] Where, InFl(i,k) Indicates access control monitoring node k Sensor monitoring nodes i The influence value of the access control monitoring node kLocated at the sensor monitoring node i Within the direct communication radius, k = 1, 2, … K , K Represents a sensor monitoring node i The total number of access control monitoring nodes within the direct communication radius; represents the average distance between sensor monitoring node i and each access control monitoring node within its direct communication range, which is calculated based on the location information of access control monitoring node i and the access control monitoring nodes; d(i,k) Represents sensor monitoring node i and access control monitoring node k distance, Represents a judgment function, where * refers to the variable in the judgment function. *>0 hour, ,otherwise, ; Represents the spatial judgment function, where when the sensor monitors the node i and access control monitoring nodes k When located in the same divided space, ,otherwise , wherein the cable tunnel is divided into multiple spaces according to the setting of the access control system in the cable tunnel. According to the actual setting, each sensor monitoring node corresponds to one divided space, and each access control monitoring node corresponds to one or more divided spaces; Tran(i,k) Represents a sensor monitoring node i and access control monitoring nodes k The data transfer rate between Tran(k) Indicates access control monitoring node k Average data transmission rate with other nodes; Represents the preset transmission correction factor, which is used to adjust the relative values ​​of the front and back parts of the formula; 12) Based on the influence values ​​of each access control monitoring node, the sensor monitoring node selects the access control monitoring node with the largest influence value as the next-level node and transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the next-level node; Among them, when the sensor monitoring node detects that there is no access control monitoring node within its direct communication radius, it selects a next-level node from other sensor monitoring nodes within its direct communication range, and transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the next-level node. The next-level node further transmits the environmental monitoring data to its next-level node using a multi-hop transmission method until the environmental monitoring data is transmitted to the access control monitoring node, and the access control monitoring node further transmits the aggregated data to the gateway node; The sensor monitoring node selects the next level node from other sensor monitoring nodes within its direct communication range, specifically including: 21) The sensor monitoring node receives the surrounding node status characteristics broadcast by each surrounding node and calculates the relay capability value of each surrounding node based on the obtained surrounding node status characteristics, where the surrounding nodes are other sensor monitoring nodes within the direct communication range of the sensor monitoring node itself; the surrounding node status characteristics include the remaining energy of the surrounding node, the average data transmission rate between the surrounding node and other nodes, the data connection relationship between the surrounding node and the access control monitoring node, and the number of other nodes within the direct communication range of the surrounding node; the relay capability value calculation function used is:

[0037] Where, Rela(i,j) Represents its surrounding nodes j Sensor monitoring nodes i The relay capability value of Bre(j) Represents the relationship characteristics of surrounding nodes, where when the surrounding nodes j When the next level node is the access control monitoring node, Bre(j) = 10 ,otherwise Bre(j) = 1 , Engy(j) represents the surrounding nodes j The remaining energy percentage, Indicates the preset energy percentage reference value, where , Represents surrounding nodes j The number of other nodes within direct communication range, represents the average distance between the sensor monitoring node and its surrounding nodes within its direct communication range, d(i,j) Represents a sensor monitoring node i With surrounding nodes j distance, Represents a judgment function, where * refers to the variable in the judgment function. *>0 hour, ,otherwise, , Represents the spatial judgment function, where when the sensor monitors the node i and surrounding nodes j When located in the same divided space, ,otherwise , Tran(i,j) Represents a sensor monitoring node i and surrounding nodes j The data transfer rate between Tran(k) Represents surrounding nodes j Average data transmission rate with other nodes; Indicates the preset transmission correction factor; Ran express 0-1 Random number; Tos(j)Represents the state characteristics of sensor monitoring node j. When sensor monitoring node j has selected access control monitoring node as the next level node, Tos(j) = 100, otherwise Tos(j) = 0; 22) Based on the relay capability values ​​of the surrounding nodes, the sensor monitoring node selects the surrounding node with the largest relay capability value as the next-level node, and transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the next-level node. The surrounding node further transmits the collected environmental monitoring data to its next-level node. Among them, when the sensor monitoring node becomes the next level node of other sensor monitoring nodes, every fixed time period T1 The sensor monitoring node detects its own relay state value. When its own relay state value is less than the set relay state standard value, it sends a relay rotation instruction to the upper-level sensor node, so that the sensor monitoring node that receives the relay rotation instruction reselects the next-level node; specifically including: 31) The sensor monitoring node receives the surrounding node status features broadcast by each surrounding node, and calculates its own relay state value based on the acquired surrounding node status features and its own status features. The relay state value calculation function used is:

[0038] Where, Selz(i) Represents a sensor monitoring node i The relay capability value of Engy(i) Represents a sensor monitoring node i The remaining energy percentage, Represents a sensor monitoring node i The average remaining energy percentage of other surrounding nodes within the direct communication range, Represents a sensor node i The number of other surviving sensor monitoring nodes in the partitioned area, Represents a sensor node i The number of other dead sensor monitoring nodes in the divided area, Represents a sensor monitoring node i The number of previous level nodes, Represents a sensor node i The average number of upper-level nodes of other surrounding nodes within the direct communication range, 、 、 They represent the set weight factors, which are used to adjust the size and proportion of the values ​​of each part in the calculation function; 32) Compare its own relay state value with the set relay state standard value. When its own relay state value is less than the set relay state standard value, send a relay rotation instruction to the upper-level sensor node, so that the sensor monitoring node that receives the relay rotation instruction reselects the next-level node; otherwise, continue to maintain the data transmission relationship between the current sensor monitoring node and other upper-level nodes.

[0039] Preferably, when two sensor monitoring nodes select each other as the next-level node, the two sensor monitoring nodes add each other to the ignore list and remove each other from their own peripheral node lists to avoid an infinite loop.

[0040] Considering that traditional cluster assignment or relay assignment technologies usually rely on a unified management terminal to implement data transmission path configuration for specific nodes, in actual cable tunnel environments, since it is difficult for the management terminal to directly communicate with all nodes in the cable tunnel, the traditional transmission path assignment method based on a unified management terminal is not applicable in cable tunnel environments. Therefore, the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention proposes a technical solution that can realize adaptive data transmission link configuration based on sensor monitoring nodes, which can adaptively complete the data transmission path configuration based on sensor monitoring nodes in the cable tunnel. Among them, considering that the access control monitoring node has the access control system as an energy supplier, the idea of ​​the above-mentioned solution is to use the access control monitoring node as a fixed relay node and connect the sensor monitoring node to the data transmission link established by the access control monitoring node to minimize the energy consumption of the sensor monitoring node when completing data transmission and ensure the reliability of data transmission. First, the sensor monitoring node monitors the access control monitoring nodes within its direct communication range. When a unique access control monitoring node is detected, the sensor monitoring node is directly connected to the unique access control monitoring node, completing the transmission path configuration of each sensor monitoring node within the first level of the access control monitoring node. Among them, for areas with smaller spaces (multiple access control monitoring nodes are close to each other), when the sensor monitoring node can monitor multiple access control monitoring nodes at the same time, the influence value of the access control monitoring node is calculated by receiving the node status characteristics broadcast by the access control monitoring node. A function for calculating the influence value is proposed, which can truly and accurately reflect the degree of influence of different access control monitoring nodes on the same sensor monitoring node, and ultimately assist the sensor monitoring node in selecting the access control monitoring node with better performance and reliability as the next-level node. For areas with small spaces (because the area is too large and the distance between access control monitoring nodes is far, there are areas that the access control monitoring nodes cannot cover), a technical solution for the mutual selection of next-level nodes by sensor monitoring nodes is further proposed. The relay capability value calculation function proposed can enable the sensor monitoring node to quickly and accurately select other surrounding sensor monitoring nodes with the highest relay performance from other nodes around itself as the next-level node, thereby completing the adaptive setting of the data transmission path of the sensor monitoring nodes in the secondary area. At the same time, for the monitoring nodes in the secondary area, taking into account the additional consumption caused by their role as relay nodes, a relay rotation scheme is specially set up, which enables the sensor monitoring nodes as the next-level nodes to periodically monitor their own status, and at the same time compare their own status with other nodes in the surrounding area horizontally and vertically, and realize relay rotation in time, which helps to optimize the overall data transmission quality, consumption and reliability of the entire wireless Internet of Things data transmission network, and improves the performance of the field monitoring module in completing the collection and transmission of field monitoring data in cable tunnels.

[0041] Preferably, the intelligent analysis module includes an environment analysis unit, a personnel analysis unit and a joint analysis unit; wherein, The environmental analysis unit is used to perform environmental safety analysis based on the environmental monitoring data of each monitoring node in the monitoring model to obtain environmental safety analysis results; The personnel analysis unit is used to perform personnel security analysis based on the personnel identity information obtained by each access control node in the monitoring model, and obtain personnel security analysis results, wherein the personnel security analysis results include abnormal personnel analysis results and the current personnel retention situation in each area; The joint analysis unit is used to perform a joint analysis based on the obtained environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results to obtain the control strategy of the corresponding access control node.

[0042] The intelligent analysis module consists of three main components: the environmental analysis unit compares environmental monitoring data with corresponding indicators, monitors whether any environmental monitoring data exceeds indicators or exhibits abnormalities within the cable tunnel, and generates environmental safety analysis results. The personnel analysis unit verifies personnel identity information obtained from each access control node, thereby determining whether any personnel within the cable tunnel are abnormal. Furthermore, the personnel retention status of each area within the cable tunnel is analyzed based on data from each access control node.

[0043] The joint analysis unit performs a joint analysis based on the environmental safety analysis results and the personnel safety analysis results. In particular, when abnormal situations occur in the environmental safety analysis results, it combines the current personnel safety analysis results to generate control strategies for each access control node, thereby improving the intelligence level of security analysis.

[0044] Preferably, the personnel analysis unit includes: Authentication is performed based on the obtained personnel identity information. When the personnel identity information is a whitelisted person, the personnel security analysis result is normal; otherwise, the personnel security analysis result is abnormal.

[0045] The personnel analysis unit performs security verification on the personnel identity information, performs identity recognition based on the obtained personnel identity information, and determines whether the person is a whitelisted person or an abnormal person, thereby determining whether the identity of the person entering the cable tunnel is safe.

[0046] Preferably, the personnel analysis unit further includes: According to the current time information, it is determined whether the current time is the preset alert time period. If the current time is the alert time period and it is detected that there are currently visiting personnel staying in the cable tunnel, the personnel safety analysis result is abnormal.

[0047] In another way, for the judgment of personnel safety, time information can be further added as an analysis parameter, such as setting the time period for allowed entry or judging the personnel safety analysis results based on the continuous stay time of personnel in the cable tunnel, so as to further improve the reliability of personnel safety analysis.

[0048] Preferably, the joint analysis unit includes a first strategy analysis unit; wherein, The first strategy analysis unit is used to generate a first control strategy for closing access control for general access control nodes when an abnormality occurs in the environmental security analysis results; and further generate a second control strategy for displaying prompt information for each general access control node according to the location where the security abnormality occurs; the prompt information includes abnormality prompt information and escape direction prompt information.

[0049] In one scenario, when an analysis indicates an environmental anomaly in Area A of a cable tunnel, general access control equipment is controlled to be closed to prevent the abnormal situation from spreading. Simultaneously, based on the location of the abnormal Area A, the escape routes for each access control location are analyzed. Escape routes are planned as far away from Area A as possible and through the nearest exit. Based on the resulting escape routes, instructions for the escape routes are transmitted to the corresponding access control nodes (for example, displaying an overall escape route map or indicating the evacuation direction to be selected for the current location). This approach dynamically analyzes the escape routes for each location based on the location of the abnormal environment and transmits the corresponding route instructions to the on-site access control equipment for display when an environmental anomaly occurs. This allows on-site personnel to quickly select the correct escape route for evacuation in a closed environment, thereby improving personnel safety in abnormal situations.

[0050] Preferably, the first strategy analysis unit further includes: When an abnormality occurs in the environmental safety analysis result, a third control strategy for triggering an alarm is generated for the alarm device.

[0051] When an abnormality is found in the environmental analysis results, a corresponding control instruction is generated to the management terminal or alarm device so that the on-site manager can promptly understand the occurrence of abnormal conditions on site and take corresponding measures to deal with the abnormal conditions.

[0052] Preferably, the joint analysis unit includes a second strategy analysis unit; wherein, The second strategy analysis unit is used to further judge the personnel safety analysis result when the environmental safety analysis result is normal, and to generate a fourth control strategy for closing and locking the access control for the security access control node when the personnel safety analysis result is abnormal.

[0053] In another case, when there is no environmental abnormality at the cable site but an abnormal person breaks in, the security access control will be locked to prevent the abnormal person from entering and exiting at will, and relevant personnel will be assigned to the site to deal with the abnormal person. This can effectively prevent the intrusion of abnormal people and effectively protect the safety of equipment and property in the cable tunnel.

[0054] Preferably, the access control module includes a command generating unit and a remote control unit; The instruction generation unit is used to generate control instructions for the access control system at the cable tunnel site according to the obtained control strategy of each access control node, wherein the control instructions include information of the access control system to be controlled, as well as the switch control instructions and display control instructions corresponding to the access control system; The remote control instruction is used to remotely control the corresponding access control system at the cable tunnel site according to the generated control instruction, so that the access control system changes to a specified state.

[0055] The system can remotely control the access control equipment at the cable site through the access control control module. The instruction generation unit can generate corresponding control instructions for different situations based on preset rules and strategies. By remotely transmitting the control instructions to the access control equipment at the cable site, the real-time status of the access control equipment can be controlled to complete the corresponding control tasks.

[0056] The present invention further proposes a cable tunnel safety monitoring method based on the Internet of Things. Figure 1 The cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things is implemented as shown, and the method includes the following steps: The field monitoring module collects field monitoring data from the cable tunnel and transmits the collected field monitoring data back to the digital twin module, so that the digital twin module can integrate the received field monitoring data into the corresponding monitoring nodes of the monitoring model and update the monitoring model. The field monitoring data includes environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data. The central processing module performs security analysis based on the acquired environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data, obtains security analysis results, and generates control strategies for corresponding access control nodes based on the security analysis results.

[0057] It should be noted that the above-mentioned cable tunnel safety monitoring method based on the Internet of Things can also be implemented based on the cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things shown in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here in the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that the functional units / modules in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit / module, each unit / module may exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules may be integrated into a single unit / module. The aforementioned integrated units / modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units / modules.

[0059] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code, or any appropriate combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processor may be implemented in one or more of the following: an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other electronic units designed to implement the functionality described herein, or any combination thereof. For software implementation, some or all of the processes of the embodiments may be performed by a computer program instructing the relevant hardware. During implementation, the program may be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. Computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should analyze that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: It includes field monitoring module and central processing module; The field monitoring module is set in the cable tunnel site, including a sensor monitoring node, a door access monitoring node and a gateway node; wherein the sensor monitoring node is used to collect environmental monitoring data of the cable tunnel site, and the door access monitoring node is used to collect door access monitoring data of the cable tunnel site; wherein the sensor monitoring node, the door access monitoring node and the gateway node together constitute a wireless sensor network; The sensor monitoring node establishes a wireless IoT communication connection with the access control monitoring nodes around it, and transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the access control monitoring nodes; The access control monitoring node transmits the acquired data to the next access control monitoring node according to the preset transmission line until the data is transmitted to the gateway node; The gateway node is wirelessly connected to the central processing module for transmitting the aggregated monitoring data to the central processing module; The central processing module is used to perform security analysis based on the acquired environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data, obtain security analysis results, and generate control strategies for corresponding access control nodes based on the security analysis results.

2. According to the Internet of Things-based cable tunnel safety monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The central processing module includes a digital twin module and an intelligent analysis module; The digital twin module is used to build a monitoring model based on the digital twin technology according to the spatial structure of the cable tunnel, and to set corresponding environmental monitoring nodes and access control nodes in the monitoring model according to the on-site layout of the cable tunnel; wherein the environmental monitoring nodes of the monitoring model are set in one-to-one correspondence with the sensor monitoring nodes of the on-site monitoring module, and the access control nodes of the monitoring model are set in one-to-one correspondence with the access control monitoring nodes of the on-site monitoring module; The intelligent analysis module is used to perform environmental safety analysis and personnel safety analysis based on the on-site monitoring data in the monitoring model, obtain environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results, and perform joint analysis based on the obtained environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results to obtain the control strategy of the corresponding access control node.

3. According to the Internet of Things-based cable tunnel safety monitoring system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: It also includes access control module; The access control module is used to remotely control the access control system at the cable tunnel site according to the control strategy of each access control node obtained by the intelligent analysis module, including controlling the switch status of the access control system and the displayed information.

4. The cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The intelligent analysis module includes an environmental analysis unit, a personnel analysis unit and a joint analysis unit; The environmental analysis unit is used to perform environmental safety analysis based on the environmental monitoring data of each monitoring node in the monitoring model to obtain environmental safety analysis results; The personnel analysis unit is used to perform personnel safety analysis based on the personnel identity information obtained by each access control node in the monitoring model to obtain personnel safety analysis results, wherein the personnel safety analysis results include abnormal personnel analysis results and the current personnel retention situation in each area; The joint analysis unit is used to perform joint analysis based on the obtained environmental safety analysis results and personnel safety analysis results to obtain the control strategy of the corresponding access control node.

5. The cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The joint analysis unit includes a first strategy analysis unit and / or a second strategy analysis unit; wherein, The first strategy analysis unit is used to generate a first control strategy for closing the access control for general access control nodes when an abnormality occurs in the environmental security analysis results; and further generate a second control strategy for displaying prompt information for each general access control node according to the location where the security abnormality occurs; wherein the prompt information includes abnormal prompt information and escape direction prompt information; the second strategy analysis unit is used to further judge the personnel safety analysis results when the environmental security analysis results are normal, and generate a fourth control strategy for closing and locking the access control for the security access control node when an abnormality occurs in the personnel safety analysis results.

6. The cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the field monitoring module, a fixed transmission path is set between the access control monitoring nodes. The access control monitoring nodes complete data transmission according to the transmission path and transmit the data to the next level node in the path until the data is transmitted to the gateway node.

7. The cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In the field monitoring module, the sensor monitoring node transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the access control monitoring node, including: The sensor monitoring node searches for access control monitoring nodes within its surrounding area. When it detects that there is an access control monitoring node within its direct communication radius, the sensor monitoring node establishes a direct communication connection with the access control monitoring node, and uses the access control monitoring node as the next-level node to transmit the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the next-level node. Among them, when the sensor monitoring node detects that there are multiple access control monitoring nodes within its direct communication radius, the sensor monitoring node further receives the access control monitoring node status characteristics broadcast by the access control monitoring node, and selects the next level node according to the acquired status characteristics, specifically including: 11) The sensor monitoring node obtains the influence value of the access control monitoring node according to the state characteristics broadcast by the access control monitoring node, where the state characteristics include the location information of the access control monitoring node and the average data transmission rate between the access control monitoring node and other nodes; the influence value calculation function used is: In the formula, InFl(i,k) Indicates access control monitoring node k Sensor monitoring nodes i The influence value of the access control monitoring node k Located at the sensor monitoring node i Within the direct communication radius, k=1,2,…K , K Represents a sensor monitoring node i The total number of access control monitoring nodes within the direct communication radius; represents the average distance between the sensor monitoring node i and each access control monitoring node within its direct communication range, which is calculated based on the location information of the access control monitoring node i and the access control monitoring node; d(i,k) Represents sensor monitoring node i and access control monitoring node k The distance Represents a judgment function, where * refers to the variable in the judgment function. *> 0 hour, ,otherwise, ; Represents the spatial judgment function, where when the sensor monitors the node i And access control monitoring node k When located in the same divided space, ,otherwise , wherein the cable tunnel is divided into a plurality of spaces according to the setting of the access control system in the cable tunnel, and each sensor monitoring node corresponds to one divided space, and each access control monitoring node corresponds to one or more divided spaces according to the actual setting; Tran(i, k) Represents a sensor monitoring node i And access control monitoring node k The data transfer rate between Tran(k) Indicates access control monitoring node k The average data transfer rate with other nodes; Represents the preset transmission correction factor, which is used to adjust the relative numerical values ​​before and after the formula; 12) According to the influence value of each access control monitoring node, the sensor monitoring node selects the access control monitoring node with the largest influence value as the next-level node, and transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the next-level node; Among them, when the sensor monitoring node detects that there is no access control monitoring node within its direct communication radius, it selects a next-level node from other sensor monitoring nodes within its direct communication radius, and transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the next-level node, and the next-level node further transmits the environmental monitoring data to its next-level node by multi-hop transmission, until the environmental monitoring data is transmitted to the access control monitoring node, and then the access control monitoring node further transmits the aggregated data to the gateway node; The sensor monitoring node selects the next level node from other sensor monitoring nodes within its direct communication range, specifically including: 21) The sensor monitoring node receives the surrounding node status characteristics broadcast by each surrounding node, and calculates the relay capability value of each surrounding node based on the acquired surrounding node status characteristics, wherein the surrounding nodes are other sensor monitoring nodes within the direct communication range of the sensor monitoring node itself; wherein the surrounding node status characteristics include the remaining energy of the surrounding node, the average data transmission rate between the surrounding node and other nodes, the data connection relationship between the surrounding node and the access control monitoring node, and the number of other nodes within the direct communication range of the surrounding node; wherein the relay capability value calculation function used is: In the formula, Rela(i,j) Represents its surrounding nodes j Sensor monitoring nodes i The relay capability value of Bre(j) Represents the relationship characteristics of surrounding nodes, where when the surrounding nodes j When the next level node is the access control monitoring node, Bre(j)=10 ,otherwise Bre(j)=1 , Engy(j) represents the surrounding nodes j The remaining energy percentage, Represents the preset energy percentage reference value, where , Represents surrounding nodes j The number of other nodes within direct communication range, represents the average distance between the sensor monitoring node and its surrounding nodes within the direct communication range, d(i,j) Represents a sensor monitoring node i With surrounding nodes j The distance Represents a judgment function, where * refers to the variable in the judgment function. *>0 hour, ,otherwise, , Represents the spatial judgment function, where when the sensor monitors the node i and surrounding nodes j When located in the same divided space, ,otherwise , Tran(i,j) Represents a sensor monitoring node i and surrounding nodes j The data transfer rate between Tran(k) Represents surrounding nodes j The average data transfer rate with other nodes; Indicates the preset transmission correction factor; Ran express 0-1 A random number; Tos(j) Represents the state characteristics of sensor monitoring node j. When sensor monitoring node j has selected access control monitoring node as the next level node, Tos(j)=100, otherwise Tos(j)=0; 22) According to the relay capability value of each surrounding node, the sensor monitoring node selects the surrounding node with the largest relay capability value as the next-level node, transmits the environmental monitoring data collected by itself to the next-level node, and the surrounding node further transmits the collected environmental monitoring data to its next-level node; Among them, when the sensor monitoring node becomes the next level node of other sensor monitoring nodes, every fixed time period T1 The sensor monitoring node detects its own relay state value, and when its own relay state value is less than the set relay state standard value, sends a relay rotation instruction to the upper-level sensor node, so that the sensor monitoring node that receives the relay rotation instruction reselects the next-level node; specifically includes: 31) The sensor monitoring node receives the state characteristics of the surrounding nodes broadcast by each surrounding node, and calculates its own relay state value based on the acquired state characteristics of the surrounding nodes and its own state characteristics. The relay state value calculation function used is: In the formula, Selz(i) Represents a sensor monitoring node i The relay capability value of Engy(i) Represents a sensor monitoring node i The remaining energy percentage, Represents a sensor monitoring node i The average remaining energy percentage of other surrounding nodes within the direct communication range, Represents a sensor node i The number of other surviving sensor monitoring nodes in the partitioned area, Represents a sensor node i The number of other dead sensor monitoring nodes in the partitioned area, Represents a sensor monitoring node i The number of previous nodes, Represents a sensor node i The average number of upper-level nodes of other surrounding nodes within the direct communication range, , , They represent the set weight factors respectively, which are used to adjust the proportion of the values ​​of each part in the calculation function; 32) Compare its own relay state value with the set relay state standard value. When its own relay state value is less than the set relay state standard value, send a relay rotation instruction to the upper-level sensor node, so that the sensor monitoring node that receives the relay rotation instruction reselects the next-level node; otherwise, continue to maintain the data transmission relationship between the current sensor monitoring node and other upper-level nodes.

8. A monitoring method for a cable tunnel safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The field monitoring module collects the field monitoring data of the cable tunnel and transmits the collected field monitoring data back to the digital twin module, so that the digital twin module integrates the received field monitoring data into the corresponding monitoring nodes of the monitoring model and updates the monitoring model; the field monitoring data includes environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data; The central processing module performs security analysis based on the acquired environmental monitoring data and access control monitoring data, obtains security analysis results, and generates control strategies for corresponding access control nodes based on the security analysis results.

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