High-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width regulation and control

Abstract

The invention provides a high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width regulation and control, which relates to the field of electrical digital data processing, and comprises a pulse width regulation and control module, a laser driving module, an optical tuning module, a feedback control module and a man-machine interaction module, the laser driving module is used for driving and generating laser, the optical tuning module is used for adjusting the wavelength of the laser, the feedback control module is used for monitoring the output laser and performing feedback adjustment, and the man-machine interaction module is used for setting laser parameters. According to the invention, analysis and calculation can be carried out based on real-time errors, an analysis result is fed back to a control part for adjustment, and high-precision laser output is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrical digital data processing, and in particular relates to a high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width regulation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of optoelectronic technology and laser technology, tunable lasers are increasingly used in optical communications, spectral analysis, precision measurement, and medical diagnosis. Tunable lasers can output lasers of different wavelengths according to demand. Due to their flexible and adjustable wavelengths, high precision, and strong stability, they have become an important part of modern optoelectronic systems. However, in practical applications, traditional laser control systems still have problems in terms of wavelength tuning accuracy, dynamic response speed, and stability.

[0003] At present, many laser control systems have been developed, such as the system disclosed in the Chinese patent with announcement number CN109802298B, which includes a monolithic integrated voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit, an optical wavelength locking circuit, a high-precision TEC control circuit, a DSP chip and a light source module. The DSP chip adjusts the integrated constant current source drive chip in the monolithic integrated voltage-controlled constant current source drive circuit through the SPI bus; the high-precision TEC circuit is used to control the working environment temperature of the laser to be constant at a set value; the DSP chip outputs a voltage value to the corresponding pin of the temperature control chip through the DA function to set the temperature value or directly changes the corresponding resistor in the circuit around the temperature control chip to set it; the optical wavelength locking circuit collects the two current values ​​output by the light source module, and converts them into voltages, which are converted into digital signals through the AD module and sent to the DSP chip or directly input into the AD module built into the DSP chip for collection, which is used for feedback control to compensate the output of the constant current source, and ensure the stability of the wavelength and power output of the laser module. However, the system is not accurate enough in the control accuracy of laser parameters, especially the control of deviations, and it is difficult to meet the high-precision requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width regulation, which can perform analysis and calculation based on real-time errors, and feed back the analysis results to the control component for adjustment, thereby achieving high-precision laser output.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control, comprising a pulse width control module, a laser driving module, an optical tuning module, a feedback control module and a human-computer interaction module;

[0007] The human-computer interaction module is used to set the target wavelength, power and pulse width parameters; the pulse width control module generates the corresponding drive signal according to the settings of the human-computer interaction module; the laser drive module excites the laser to output the optical signal according to the drive signal; the optical tuning module dynamically adjusts the laser wavelength to the target value; the feedback control module monitors the output in real time and performs correction processing;

[0008] The pulse width control module includes a pulse width generation unit, which generates a driving signal with adjustable pulse width according to preset parameters, and combines signal modulation and timing control to achieve fine adjustment of laser output;

[0009] The optical tuning module includes a grating tuning unit and a loop compensation unit. The grating tuning unit realizes accurate spectral range scanning through a micromechanical system, and the loop compensation unit is used to eliminate dynamic errors introduced by mechanical adjustment.

[0010] The feedback control module includes a closed-loop control unit, which adjusts parameters based on the detection signal and feeds back to the laser driving module and the optical tuning module to achieve closed-loop control.

[0011] Furthermore, the pulse width control module also includes a signal modulation unit and a timing control unit, the signal modulation unit is used to adjust the frequency and amplitude of the driving signal, and the timing control unit is used to control the triggering time of the pulse signal;

[0012] The laser driving module includes a power regulating unit and a current driving unit. The power regulating unit dynamically regulates the driving current according to the pulse width signal. The current driving unit transmits the regulated current signal to the laser and generates a highly stable light output.

[0013] Furthermore, the optical tuning module also includes a wavelength selection unit, and the wavelength selection unit cooperates with the multi-mode interference filter to accurately extract the optical signal of the target wavelength.

[0014] Furthermore, the feedback control module includes an optical power detection unit and a closed-loop control unit. The optical power detection unit monitors the power and wavelength of the laser output in real time through a photodiode. The closed-loop control unit adjusts parameters based on the detection signal and feeds back to the laser driving module and the optical tuning module.

[0015] Furthermore, the human-computer interaction module includes an interface display unit and a parameter setting unit, wherein the interface display unit is used to display actual status information of the laser, and the parameter setting unit is used to input control parameters.

[0016] Furthermore, the grating tuning unit includes a grating element, a rotation adjustment mechanism and a position sensor, the grating element is used to realize diffraction and separate the wavelength of the incident light, the rotation adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the grating angle and dynamically change the direction of the diffracted light, and the position sensor is used to detect the grating angle in real time and provide feedback.

[0017] Furthermore, the closed-loop control unit includes an error detector, a control calculation processor and an execution drive processor, wherein the error detector is used to detect the error between the actual value and the target value and generate an error signal, the control calculation processor is used to calculate the adjustment strategy, and the execution driver is used to transmit the adjustment signal to the execution component.

[0018] Furthermore, the control calculation processor calculates the adjustment angle of the grating according to the following formula: :

[0019] ;

[0020] Where m is the diffraction order, is the wavelength deviation, d is the grating period, is the current grating diffraction angle.

[0021] Furthermore, the control calculation processor calculates the adjusted driving current I according to the following formula: new :

[0022] ;

[0023] in, is the power deviation, is the laser efficiency, I c is the current driving current.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention utilizes high-precision pulse width control technology, that is, adopts pulse width adjustable driving signal, combines signal modulation and timing control, realizes fine adjustment of laser output, and improves the stability of laser power and wavelength. The present invention also adopts intelligent feedback closed-loop control, that is, through optical power detection and closed-loop control, monitors laser output in real time, and dynamically adjusts driving current and optical tuning parameters to achieve precise power and wavelength control, effectively reducing the impact of environmental interference on system performance. The present invention can achieve high precision and fast response of optical tuning, that is, combines grating tuning with multi-mode interference filtering, uses micromechanical system to dynamically scan the spectrum, realizes nanometer-level wavelength resolution and fast wavelength switching, and improves system adaptability. After outputting laser, the present invention detects the laser state and calculates the deviation, adjusts the control parameters based on the deviation, so that the laser state is closer to the target state, and when adjusting the control parameters, it is not directly adjusted based on the deviation, but the deviation is calculated and processed before adjustment, so that the adjustment accuracy is higher, meeting the high-demand laser requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural framework of the high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width regulation of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse width control module;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical tuning module;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the optical power detection unit;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the closed-loop control unit;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the actual test error effect of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is an explanation of the embodiments of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified and changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are only simple schematic illustrations and are not depicted according to actual sizes. It is stated in advance. The following embodiments will further explain the relevant technical contents of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed contents are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control, including a pulse width control module, a laser driving module, an optical tuning module, a feedback control module and a human-computer interaction module.

[0034] The pulse width control module is used to dynamically adjust the pulse width, the laser driving module is used to drive the generation of laser, the optical tuning module is used to adjust the wavelength of the laser, the feedback control module is used to monitor and feedback-adjust the output laser, and the human-computer interaction module is used to set laser parameters.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the pulse width control module includes a pulse width generation unit, a signal modulation unit and a timing control unit. The pulse width generation unit generates a driving signal with adjustable pulse width according to preset parameters, the signal modulation unit is used to adjust the frequency and amplitude of the driving signal, and the timing control unit is used to control the trigger time of the pulse signal.

[0036] Preferably, the pulse width generating unit comprises a clock generator, a pulse width controller and a logic trigger, wherein the clock generator is used to provide a stable reference time base, the pulse width controller generates a pulse signal of a specific width based on a pulse width parameter, and the logic trigger is used to accurately start or stop the pulse generating process;

[0037] Preferably, the signal modulation unit includes a modulation controller, a modulation signal generator and a mixer, wherein the modulation controller is used to accept modulation parameters and manage the modulation mode, the modulation signal generator is used to generate a fundamental wave signal as modulation, and the mixer is used to mix the pulse signal with the fundamental wave signal;

[0038] Preferably, the timing control unit includes a clock divider, a delay adjuster and a signal distributor, the clock divider is used to divide the high-frequency clock into the required low-frequency clock, the delay adjuster is used to add a delay to the clock signal to perform event synchronization, and the signal distributor is used to distribute the timing signal to each module that needs to be controlled.

[0039] The laser driving module includes a power regulating unit and a current driving unit. The power regulating unit dynamically regulates the driving current according to the pulse width signal. The current driving unit transmits the regulated current signal to the laser and generates a highly stable light output.

[0040] Preferably, the power regulation unit includes a power controller and a protection circuit, wherein the power controller is responsible for overall calculation and regulation of power, and the protection circuit is used to monitor overvoltage, overcurrent and the like and trigger protection;

[0041] Preferably, the current driving unit includes a constant current source, a driving amplifier processor and a current monitoring processor, the constant current source is used to provide a basic current, the driving amplifier processor is used to amplify the current signal, and the current monitoring processor is used to detect the output current in real time.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the optical tuning module includes a grating tuning unit, a wavelength selection unit and a loop compensation unit. The grating tuning unit realizes precise spectral range scanning through a micromechanical system, the wavelength selection unit cooperates with a multi-mode interference filter to accurately extract the optical signal of the target wavelength, and the loop compensation unit is used to eliminate the dynamic error introduced by mechanical adjustment.

[0043] Preferably, the grating tuning unit comprises a grating element, a rotation adjustment mechanism and a position sensor, wherein the grating element is used to realize diffraction and separate the wavelength of the incident light, the rotation adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the grating angle to dynamically change the direction of the diffracted light, and the position sensor is used to detect the grating angle in real time and provide feedback;

[0044] Preferably, the wavelength selection unit comprises an adjustable filter, a wavelength selection mirror group and a signal detector, wherein the adjustable filter is used to accurately pass the target wavelength and filter out other wavelengths, the wavelength selection mirror group is used to reflect and guide the target wavelength optical signal, and the signal detector is used to verify the output wavelength and intensity;

[0045] Preferably, the loop compensation unit includes an environmental detector, a compensation driver and a filter suppression processor, wherein the environmental detector is used to monitor the impact of environmental interference on the system output, the compensation driver is used to adjust the physical system components, and the filter suppression processor is used to suppress high-frequency noise introduced during the compensation process.

[0046] The feedback control module includes an optical power detection unit and a closed-loop control unit. The optical power detection unit monitors the power and wavelength of the laser output in real time through a photodiode. The closed-loop control unit adjusts parameters based on the detection signal and feeds back to the laser driving module and the optical tuning module.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the optical power detection unit includes a photodetector, a signal conditioning processor and an output interface processor. The photodetector is used to convert the input optical signal into an electrical signal proportional to the power and wavelength. The signal conditioning processor is used to filter, shape and normalize the converted electrical signal. The output interface processor is used to output the detected power signal to other modules.

[0048] like Figure 5As shown, the closed-loop control unit includes an error detector, a control calculation processor and an execution drive processor, the error detector is used to detect the error between the actual value and the target value and generate an error signal, the control calculation processor is used to calculate the adjustment strategy, and the execution driver is used to transmit the adjustment signal to the execution component.

[0049] Preferably, the interface display unit comprises a real-time information display processor and a deviation information display processor, the real-time information display processor is used to display the real-time status information of the laser and the physical component, and the deviation information display processor is used to display the deviation information of the laser;

[0050] Preferably, the parameter setting unit includes a parameter input processor and a parameter response processor, the parameter input processor is used to input parameter information, and the parameter response processor is used to collect the input parameter information and transmit it to other modules.

[0051] The control calculation processor calculates the adjustment angle of the grating according to the following formula: :

[0052] ;

[0053] Where m is the diffraction order, is the wavelength deviation, d is the grating period, is the current grating diffraction angle.

[0054] The control calculation processor calculates the adjusted driving current I according to the following formula: new :

[0055] ;

[0056] in, is the power deviation, is the laser efficiency, I c is the current driving current.

[0057] The control calculation processor calculates the adjusted pulse width trigger time t according to the following formula: new :

[0058] ;

[0059] Among them, t c is the current pulse width trigger time, is the pulse width deviation, and T is the set pulse width.

[0060] The human-computer interaction module includes an interface display unit and a parameter setting unit. The interface display unit is used to display actual status information of the laser, and the parameter setting unit is used to input control parameters.

[0061] The working process of the high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control in the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0062] S1. Set the target wavelength, power and pulse width parameters in the human-computer interaction module;

[0063] S2, using the pulse width control module to generate a corresponding driving signal;

[0064] S3, using the laser driving module to excite the laser to output a light signal according to the driving signal;

[0065] S4, dynamically adjusting the laser wavelength to a target value using an optical tuning module;

[0066] S5, using the feedback control module to monitor the output in real time and perform correction processing;

[0067] Specifically, in S5, the control calculation processor of the feedback control module calculates the adjustment angle of the grating according to the following formula: :

[0068] ;

[0069] Where m is the diffraction order, is the wavelength deviation, d is the grating period, is the current grating diffraction angle;

[0070] The control calculation processor calculates the adjusted driving current I according to the following formula: new :

[0071] ;

[0072] in, is the power deviation, is the laser efficiency, I c is the current driving current;

[0073] The control calculation processor calculates the adjusted pulse width trigger time t according to the following formula: new :

[0074] ;

[0075] Among them, t c is the current pulse width trigger time, is the pulse width deviation, and T is the set pulse width.

[0076] The present invention is used to generate 10 (i.e. Figure 6 The lasers with different powers are tested to get the actual values. Figure 6 The comparison effect diagram is shown.

[0077] The contents disclosed above are only preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings are included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the elements therein can be updated as technology develops.

Claims

1. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control, characterized in that: include: Pulse width control module, laser driving module, optical tuning module, feedback control module and human-computer interaction module; The human-computer interaction module is used to set the target wavelength, power and pulse width parameters; the pulse width control module generates the corresponding drive signal according to the settings of the human-computer interaction module; the laser drive module excites the laser to output the optical signal according to the drive signal; the optical tuning module dynamically adjusts the laser wavelength to the target value; the feedback control module monitors the output in real time and performs correction processing; The pulse width control module includes a pulse width generation unit, which generates a driving signal with adjustable pulse width according to preset parameters, and combines signal modulation and timing control to achieve fine adjustment of laser output; The optical tuning module includes a grating tuning unit and a loop compensation unit. The grating tuning unit realizes accurate spectral range scanning through a micromechanical system, and the loop compensation unit is used to eliminate dynamic errors introduced by mechanical adjustment. The feedback control module includes a closed-loop control unit, which adjusts parameters based on the detection signal and feeds back to the laser driving module and the optical tuning module to achieve closed-loop control.

2. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse width control module also includes a signal modulation unit and a timing control unit, the signal modulation unit is used to adjust the frequency and amplitude of the driving signal, and the timing control unit is used to control the triggering time of the pulse signal; The laser driving module includes a power regulating unit and a current driving unit. The power regulating unit dynamically regulates the driving current according to the pulse width signal. The current driving unit transmits the regulated current signal to the laser and generates a highly stable light output.

3. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The optical tuning module further includes a wavelength selection unit, which cooperates with a multi-mode interference filter to accurately extract an optical signal of a target wavelength.

4. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback control module includes an optical power detection unit and a closed-loop control unit. The optical power detection unit monitors the power and wavelength of the laser output in real time through a photodiode. The closed-loop control unit adjusts parameters based on the detection signal and feeds back to the laser driving module and the optical tuning module.

5. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The human-computer interaction module includes an interface display unit and a parameter setting unit. The interface display unit is used to display actual status information of the laser, and the parameter setting unit is used to input control parameters.

6. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The grating tuning unit includes a grating element, a rotation adjustment mechanism and a position sensor. The grating element is used to realize diffraction and separate the wavelength of the incident light. The rotation adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the grating angle and dynamically change the direction of the diffracted light. The position sensor is used to detect the grating angle in real time and provide feedback.

7. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The closed-loop control unit includes an error detector, a control calculation processor and an execution drive processor. The error detector is used to detect the error between the actual value and the target value and generate an error signal. The control calculation processor is used to calculate the adjustment strategy. The execution driver is used to transmit the adjustment signal to the execution component.

8. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The control calculation processor calculates the adjustment angle of the grating according to the following formula: : ； Where m is the diffraction order, is the wavelength deviation, d is the grating period, is the current grating diffraction angle.

9. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The control calculation processor calculates the adjusted driving current I according to the following formula: new : ； in, is the power deviation, is the laser efficiency, I c is the current driving current.

10. A high-precision tunable laser control system based on pulse width control as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The control calculation processor calculates the adjusted pulse width trigger time t according to the following formula: new : ； Among them, t c is the current pulse width trigger time, is the pulse width deviation, and T is the set pulse width.

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