A narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system

Abstract

This invention discloses a narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system, including terminals and field devices. Multiple terminals are arranged such that the distance between any two adjacent terminals is less than or equal to the terminal's radiation radius. These terminals form an ad hoc network. The field devices are power acquisition terminals that collect remote signaling data, telemetry data, and remote control data. Data from the field devices within the specified area during operation is transmitted through this ad hoc network. The ad hoc network comprises initial networking and periodic networking. This system uses incremental location information as the data transmission channel, significantly shortening location routing transmission time compared to direct transmission, reducing service collisions, and maximizing the connectivity of the ad hoc network. It provides a valuable green lifeline in emergency environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of narrowband emergency communication technology, and in particular to a narrowband multi-hop self-organizing network incremental location information transmission system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of technology, wireless communication technology is being applied more and more widely in various fields. In specific industries such as rescue, security monitoring, and power, the requirements for wireless communication technology are even more stringent. In these scenarios, factors such as signal stability, coverage, anti-interference capability, and network speed are all crucial. Narrowband wireless self-organizing network technology has emerged as an important solution for ensuring communication in these industries.

[0003] Narrowband wireless self-organizing network technology is a highly efficient wireless communication technology with the following characteristics:

[0004] 1. Efficient networking: Narrowband wireless self-organizing network technology adopts a distributed networking method, which can achieve rapid networking, enabling the command center to quickly obtain on-site information and buy time for rescue work.

[0005] 2. Strong resilience: Narrowband wireless self-organizing network technology has strong resilience and can ensure uninterrupted communication in extreme environments, such as earthquakes, floods, typhoons and other disasters.

[0006] 3. Wide coverage: Narrowband wireless self-organizing network technology uses radio frequency extension technology to achieve ultra-long distance communication and wide coverage, which can meet the communication needs of different scenarios.

[0007] 4. Stable and reliable operation: Narrowband wireless self-organizing network technology adopts multiple fault-tolerant mechanisms to ensure stable and reliable system operation and to ensure smooth communication in complex environments.

[0008] 5. Standard adaptive, compatible with EPDT / PDT / DMR and other standard terminals: The narrowband wireless self-organizing network technology adopts air interface compatible adaptive technology, and standard EPDT / PDT / DMR and other standard terminals can be used in the network.

[0009] 6. Base station communication: The self-organizing network relay terminal in narrowband wireless self-organizing network technology can be used in conjunction with base station communication.

[0010] Based on the above characteristics of narrowband communication, narrowband communication networks are widely used in the power industry. In the current narrowband wireless self-organizing network solution, in the terminal direct mode, only multiple terminals are needed to realize the service functions such as self-organizing network, self-recovery, multi-hop forwarding, and emergency request forwarding, without the need for base stations and repeater equipment.

[0011] Currently, publicly available documentation on narrowband ad hoc networks outlines the specific steps for service implementation. However, it requires transmitting the location information (carrying routes) of each node using short messages, necessitating three data frames (one header frame + two data blocks). At 60ms per frame, this takes 180ms, and with a four-way forwarding time, it totals 900ms. Therefore, when the number of nodes is large, the networking time becomes extremely long. For example, with 10 terminals, the location routing forwarding time would require 9 seconds to complete network setup. Furthermore, the network information cannot be updated quickly due to node exits and new node additions, resulting in significant latency. This does not meet the requirements for rapid network setup and real-time dynamic routing adjustments. Summary of the Invention

[0012] To overcome the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system. This system uses incremental location information as the data transmission channel, which greatly shortens the location routing transmission time compared with direct transmission, reduces service collisions, maximizes the connectivity of the ad hoc network, and provides a valuable green lifeline in emergency environments.

[0013] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0014] A narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system includes terminals and field devices. There are multiple terminals, and the distance between two adjacent terminals is less than or equal to the radiation radius of the terminal. With this arrangement, multiple terminals form an ad hoc network. The field devices are power acquisition terminals that collect remote signaling data, telemetry data, and remote control data. Data of the field devices in operation within the area is transmitted through the ad hoc network.

[0015] The self-organizing network comprises two parts: initial network formation and periodic network formation. S01-S04 represent the initial network formation phase, and S05-S06 represent the periodic network formation phase. The data transmission process of the self-organizing network includes the following steps:

[0016] S01: Send network broadcast signaling;

[0017] S02: Send a complete location information report, including the routing information used;

[0018] S03: The control center obtains the node location information within the ad hoc network and performs further extended applications based on the node location information;

[0019] S04: Entering an idle cycle, waiting for the next network cycle;

[0020] S05: When re-establishing the network, only send incremental location information;

[0021] S06: Upon receiving the location increment information, based on the time stamp information from the control center, use control signaling to transmit the latitude and longitude increment information and speed information.

[0022] As a further description of the present invention, the radiation radius of the terminal is 15-20km in flat areas and 6-10km in areas with buildings or obstructions.

[0023] As a further description of the present invention, the maximum number of field devices that can be arranged within the radiation radius of a single terminal is 400-500.

[0024] As a further description of the present invention, the field device also includes an intercom terminal.

[0025] As a further description of the present invention, the cycle period of the periodic networking is set by the frequency writing parameters, including the networking broadcast signaling time, the location reporting time, and the idle time.

[0026] As a further description of the present invention, the value of the write frequency parameter is set according to the degree of rapid change of the network.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] This invention discloses a narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system. The system uses the incremental location information after the ad hoc network is built as the data transmission channel. Compared with direct transmission, it greatly shortens the location routing transmission time, reduces service collisions, maximizes the connectivity of the ad hoc network, and provides a valuable green lifeline in emergency environments.

[0029] This invention discloses a narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system. The system describes the specific implementation methods of the initial networking and periodic networking of the ad hoc network, ensuring the reliable and effective implementation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the relative positions of ad hoc network nodes in a narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system proposed in this invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is an initial networking flowchart of a narrowband multi-hop self-organizing network incremental location information transmission system proposed in this invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the periodic networking process of a narrowband multi-hop self-organizing network incremental location information transmission system proposed in this invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a data transmission flowchart of a narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0035] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read them, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0037] like Figures 1-4 As shown, it illustrates a specific embodiment of the present invention:

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system includes terminals and field devices. There are multiple terminals, and the distance between two adjacent terminals is less than or equal to the radiation radius of the terminal. With this arrangement, multiple terminals form an ad hoc network. The field devices are power acquisition terminals that collect remote signaling data, telemetry data, and remote control data. Data of the field devices in operation within the area is transmitted through the ad hoc network.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, this embodiment sets up six terminal backbones, namely A, B, C, D, E, and F. The positions of these six main terminals can be fixed or dynamically changed, supporting dynamic networking. Simultaneously, the distance between each terminal is less than its radiation radius. In this embodiment, terminals A1 and A2 are arranged around A, terminals B1 and B2 around B, terminals C1 and C2 around C, terminals D1 and D2 around D, terminals E1 and E2 around E, and terminal F1 around F. These six main terminals form a self-organizing network. The hierarchical terminals arranged around these six main terminals can achieve data transmission within this self-organizing network area. Especially in power grid usage scenarios, due to the vital role of electricity in production and daily life, when extreme weather damages public network base stations within a region, preventing data transmission, this self-organizing network can be quickly deployed in emergency situations, unrestricted by the public network. For economically underdeveloped areas where there are no public network base stations, using this narrowband self-organizing network for data transmission results in more accurate data transmission, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0041] In this embodiment, the number of terminals is set according to the actual usage scenario. The distance between two adjacent terminals is required to be less than or equal to the radiation radius of the terminal. At the same time, the construction direction between each terminal can be set arbitrarily within the radiation radius. As long as the above-mentioned distance requirements for terminal arrangement are met, data can be transmitted between each terminal arranged around the main terminal, which is applicable to real-world emergency repair scenarios.

[0042] In this embodiment, the self-organizing network is mainly used for data transmission of power acquisition terminals. These terminals collect remote signaling data, telemetry data, and remote control data, as these "three-remote data" play a crucial role in the power system, primarily in the following aspects:

[0043] Firstly, real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis: the three remote data (telemetry, telesignaling, and remote control) can help the power system monitor the operating status of equipment in real time, and promptly detect and resolve faults. For example, telemetry data can monitor electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and power; telesignaling data can obtain the switching position and protection action signals of the equipment; and remote control data can remotely control the switching status of the equipment.

[0044] Secondly, it enhances the system's self-healing capability. In power distribution automation systems, the application of remote sensing, telemetry, and remote communication functions significantly enhances the self-healing capability of power lines. Through telemetry and remote signaling data, the system can automatically detect and isolate faults, and achieve rapid power restoration in non-faulty areas through remote control data, thereby greatly shortening power outage time and improving power supply reliability.

[0045] Thirdly, it optimizes operation and management. Remote data can be used to optimize the operation and management of the power system. By analyzing telemetry data, we can understand the load status of equipment and make reasonable arrangements for equipment inspection and maintenance plans. Through remote signaling data, we can detect equipment abnormalities in a timely manner and take preventive measures. Through remote control data, we can realize remote operation and reduce the operational risks of on-site personnel.

[0046] Fourthly, the application of remote monitoring, remote control, and remote telemetry technologies has promoted the automation process of the power system. Through remote monitoring and control, unmanned or minimally manned operation of power equipment has been achieved, reducing operation and maintenance costs and improving work efficiency.

[0047] Fifthly, support the construction of smart grids. In the construction of smart grids, remote telemetry, remote sensing, and remote control data are an important foundation for realizing intelligent management of the power grid. By collecting and analyzing remote telemetry, remote sensing, and remote control data, a more intelligent and efficient power system can be built, improving overall operating efficiency and reliability.

[0048] Based on the above characteristics, the accuracy of power data transmission is of paramount importance. The narrowband self-organizing network communication method does not rely on the construction requirements of public base stations and can establish data transmission channels in a short time, ensuring the reliable and effective transmission of power grid data.

[0049] The self-organizing network comprises two parts: initial network formation and periodic network formation. S01-S04 represent the initial network formation phase, and S05-S06 represent the periodic network formation phase. The data transmission process of the self-organizing network includes the following steps:

[0050] S01: Send network broadcast signaling;

[0051] S02: Send a complete location information report, including the routing information used;

[0052] S03: The control center obtains the node location information within the ad hoc network and performs further extended applications based on the node location information;

[0053] S04: Entering an idle cycle, waiting for the next network cycle;

[0054] S05: When re-establishing the network, only send incremental location information;

[0055] S06: Upon receiving the location increment information, based on the time stamp information from the control center, use control signaling to transmit the latitude and longitude increment information and speed information.

[0056] In this embodiment, in the current narrowband ad hoc network technology, the specific steps of service implementation require the transmission of location information (carrying routes) for each node. This is done using short messages, requiring three frames of data (one header frame + two data blocks). At 60ms per frame, this takes 180ms. With a four-way forwarding time, this is 900ms. Therefore, when there are many nodes, the networking time will be very long. For example, with 10 terminals, the location routing forwarding time would be 9 seconds to complete the networking. With the exit of nodes and the addition of new nodes, the networking information cannot be updated quickly, resulting in significant latency. This does not meet the requirements for rapid networking and real-time dynamic route adjustment.

[0057] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 The diagram shows the entire data transmission process, which is divided into two parts: the initial networking phase and the periodic networking phase.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, in the initial networking phase, a network broadcast signaling is first sent, followed by a complete location information report, including the routing information used. This way, each terminal includes the route it will traverse in its broadcast signaling when reporting its location information, allowing the control center to know which nodes all nodes are forwarding to. Then, in S03, the control center can know the location information of all nodes within the ad hoc network and can further expand its applications based on this information. Next, it enters an idle period, waiting for the next networking cycle. The waiting time is set by the programming software. This completes the initial networking phase.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, during the periodic networking phase, incremental location information is sent. After receiving the incremental location information, the latitude and longitude incremental information and speed information are transmitted using control signaling according to the time stamp information of the control center. This process is repeated to form a cyclic network, which greatly reduces networking time and improves efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, taking the PDT protocol as an example, location information requires two data blocks, plus a header, totaling three frames. It is transmitted using one time slot (which can be set to continuous transmission mode, occupying two time slots). Each frame is 60ms, requiring 180ms (120ms in continuous transmission mode). Taking a network of 10 units as an example, based on the four-way reserved location forwarding time, each node requires 900ms (600ms in continuous transmission mode), so transmitting the routing location information takes 9 seconds (6 seconds in continuous transmission). Every specific period (which can be set to 2 minutes) requires a network broadcast signaling period plus 9 seconds of location routing network time. After the initial network setup, the elements of the location information are already known, and subsequent repeated network setup periods do not require repeated transmission; only incremental location information is needed. Time information can be marked according to the control center time. In actual use, only incremental latitude and longitude information and speed information need to be transmitted using control signaling.

[0061] In this embodiment, during actual use, the self-incremental location information transmission system is defined in the following table, which can be used as a reference: Table 1 below shows the complete location information.

[0062] Table 1. Definition of complete positioning information bit fields

[0063] In this embodiment, the bit field is discussed using the control signal block CSBK frame as an example. The bit field definition of the position increment information CSBK control frame is shown in Table 2 below:

[0064] Table 2 Position Increment Information CSBK Control Frame Bit Field Definition

[0065]

[0066] As shown in Table 2 above, transmitting location routing information using control signaling requires only one control signal. Using a single time slot, this takes 60ms. With the four-way forwarding time allowance, each node requires 300ms. For 10 nodes, the location routing transmission time is 3 seconds. This significantly shortens the location routing transmission time, reduces service collisions, and maximizes the connectivity of the ad hoc network. In emergency environments, it provides a valuable lifeline.

[0067] This embodiment uses the CSBK frame as an example to discuss the bit field, including but not limited to various valid frames specified in the protocol.

[0068] This embodiment is based on the PDT protocol and includes, but is not limited to, narrowband communication protocols such as DPMR, DMR, MDT, TETRA, and EPDT.

[0069] In this embodiment, the address is 7 bits, so the maximum number of nodes supported in a single network is 128. When there are many nodes, multiple self-organizing networks can be formed, that is, multiple backbones to transmit data. The position decimal increment information uses 11 bits, so the maximum value is 2047, that is: 0.2047 * 60s = 12.282min. Calculated at 1.8km per minute, the maximum periodic network transmission position change is 22.1076km. Other corresponding definitions that are modified or extended based on the bit field definition of this patent to achieve similar functions are all within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] Based on the above embodiment one, in order to make this embodiment usable in actual field, it was selected to be used in a certain area. This area has a large coverage area and a variety of terrains. In sparsely populated areas, there are situations where no base stations have been built. Under these conditions, the system was selected to be used, and embodiment two is proposed.

[0072] Specifically, the radiation radius of the terminal is 15-20km in flat areas and 6-10km in areas with buildings or obstructions.

[0073] Specifically, the maximum number of terminals that can be deployed within the radiation radius of a single terminal is 400-500.

[0074] In this embodiment, the radiation radius of the main station varies depending on the geographical environment. When there are buildings blocking the view, the radiation radius decreases as the number and density of the obstructions increase. Therefore, in the actual terminal setup process, the construction distance between terminals is generally chosen to be 18km in flat areas and 8km in environments with obstructions. This distance setting is within the radiation radius of the terminal on the one hand, and avoids problems such as signal interruption when using the maximum radiation radius on the other hand.

[0075] In this embodiment, the number of terminals that can be deployed within the radiation radius of a terminal is limited, which ensures that the data collected by the field devices connected to all terminal devices within the area is effectively and reliably transmitted, ensuring the quality of data transmission and achieving efficient and reliable transmission.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] Based on the above embodiment one, in order to make the device applicable to a variety of occasions, this embodiment three is proposed.

[0078] Specifically, the field equipment also includes an intercom terminal.

[0079] In this embodiment, electricity is essential to the lives of people in the area. In the event of a natural disaster that causes communication to be interrupted, walkie-talkies are used to communicate within the self-organizing network area, so as to inform the outside world about the situation in the disaster area in a timely manner and obtain rescue.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] Specifically, the cycle of the periodic networking is set by the frequency writing parameters, including the networking broadcast signaling time, location reporting time, and idle time.

[0082] In this embodiment, if the write frequency parameter is set to 2s, the network broadcast signaling will be retransmitted every 2s.

[0083] Specifically, the values ​​of the write frequency parameters are set according to the degree of rapid change in the network.

[0084] In this embodiment, the value of the write frequency parameter is set according to the degree of rapid change of the network. Depending on the environment in which the network is used, if it is a fast-moving scenario, the network may need to be re-established every 30 seconds. In a general walking environment, it is set to 2 minutes.

[0085] Overall, the system uses incremental location information after the self-organizing network is built as the data transmission channel, which greatly shortens the location routing transmission time compared to direct transmission, reduces service collisions, maximizes the connectivity of the self-organizing network, and provides a valuable green lifeline in emergency environments.

[0086] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0087] Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept and scope of this invention. It should be understood that this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system, characterized in that, The system includes terminals and field devices. There are multiple terminals, and the distance between two adjacent terminals is less than or equal to the terminal's radiation radius. The radiation radius of a terminal is 15-20km in flat areas and 6-10km in areas with buildings or obstructions. The maximum number of field devices that can be deployed within the radiation radius of a terminal is 400-500. With this deployment method, multiple terminals form a self-organizing network, creating a self-organizing network area. The field devices are power acquisition terminals that collect remote signaling data, telemetry data, and remote control data. Data from the field devices within the self-organizing network area during operation is transmitted through the self-organizing network. The self-organizing network includes two parts: initial networking and periodic networking. S01-S04 is the initial networking stage, and S05-S06 is the periodic networking stage. The cycle of the periodic networking is set by the frequency writing parameters, including the networking broadcast signaling time, the location reporting time, and the idle time. The values ​​of the frequency writing parameters are set according to the degree of rapid change in the network, and the data transmission process of the self-organizing network includes the following steps: S01: Send network broadcast signaling; S02: Send a complete location information report, including the routing information used; S03: The control center obtains the node location information within the ad hoc network and performs further extended applications based on the node location information; S04: Entering an idle cycle, waiting for the next network cycle; S05: When re-establishing the network, only send incremental location information; S06: Upon receiving the location increment information, based on the time stamp information from the control center, use control signaling to transmit the latitude and longitude increment information and speed information.

2. The narrowband multi-hop ad hoc network incremental location information transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field equipment also includes an intercom terminal.

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