Electronic assembly welding workbench

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic assembly welding workbench. Comprising a gantry workbench structure, a smoke suction mechanism, a welding angle adjusting mechanism and a double-station clamping mechanism. A rotating cylinder is arranged on the surface of the smoke suction cylinder through matching of a driving worm and a worm gear ring so as to realize multidirectional angle adjustment of the welding gun; the circuit board is rapidly clamped through the action of the rack, the driving gear and the extrusion convex strip, and double-station cross feeding and discharging are achieved; the smoke suction mechanism concentrates and efficiently discharges smoke through a horn and a corrugated pipe; and automatic multi-angle welding can be implemented by combining a tin wire placing machine and a sensor, so that the welding efficiency and quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electronic component assembly and welding, in particular to an electronic component welding workbench. Background Art

[0002] During the production and assembly process of electronic components, it is usually necessary to perform welding operations on components such as circuit boards. In order to ensure that the components to be welded can be stably and accurately positioned during the welding process, welding workbenches are usually used in the prior art to clamp and fix them, and automatic or semi-automatic welding is completed with the help of welding guns or other welding tools. However, with the continuous improvement of the electronic manufacturing industry's requirements for production efficiency and product diversity, traditional welding workbenches often have the following shortcomings in terms of multi-angle welding adjustment, loading and unloading convenience, and smoke emission treatment: 1. The welding angle adjustment range is limited Most of the existing welding workbenches only support a small range of angle adjustment, or require manual and cumbersome mechanical adjustment, making it difficult to achieve multi-directional welding in a relatively narrow space. In addition, when the angle adjustment is not flexible enough, it is often difficult to adapt to the position requirements of circuit boards or welding points of different specifications, which can easily lead to solder point deviation or reduced welding quality.

[0003] 2. Low efficiency of clamping and loading and unloading For mass production, it is particularly important to improve the clamping efficiency and loading and unloading speed of circuit boards while ensuring the welding quality. Traditional welding workbenches mostly use single-station or simple fixture structures. The clamping process is cumbersome, the repetitive operation time is long, and the production cycle is difficult to improve. At the same time, once a circuit board is being welded, the operator cannot prepare or disassemble another circuit board, which wastes production time and cannot meet the needs of efficient mass production.

[0004] 3. Poor control of fume emissions during welding Electronic component welding often produces harmful substances such as smoke and dust, which need to be removed or filtered in time. Although some existing welding workbenches are equipped with fume exhaust devices, the relative position between the welding point and the fume exhaust mechanism is difficult to keep fixed, resulting in unsatisfactory fume extraction effect; or the fume exhaust mechanism design is not flexible enough to adapt to the welding space of different panels, resulting in low fume extraction efficiency.

[0005] 4. Insufficient application of automation and sensors In the context of intelligent manufacturing, the use of sensors, robotic arms and various actuators to achieve fully automatic or highly automated welding has become an important trend. However, some workbenches currently have low coordination in multi-station automatic welding, welding path planning and real-time monitoring, and are often difficult to seamlessly connect with automated production lines, limiting production efficiency and product consistency. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an electronic component welding workbench that can take into account double-station or multi-station cross welding, realize flexible adjustment of welding angles, improve clamping efficiency and simultaneously complete efficient smoke removal, so as to improve overall production efficiency and meet the needs of multi-directional welding.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: An electronic component welding workbench, comprising a gantry workbench structure, the gantry workbench structure comprising a base placed on the ground, two sets of track bars are arranged on the upper surface of the base, support columns are vertically fixed on both sides of the base, two crossbeams are installed on the top of the two support columns, a transverse plate is installed on the front surface of the crossbeam for transverse sliding, and a smoking mechanism is installed on the surface of the transverse plate; The smoking mechanism is used to suck out the smoke generated during welding, and the smoking mechanism includes a longitudinal linear motor fixed on the surface of the transverse moving plate, a lifting seat is vertically slidably installed on the front side of the longitudinal linear motor, a support plate is extended forward from the lifting seat, a smoking tube is vertically penetrated and fixed on the surface of the support plate, and a welding angle adjustment mechanism is installed below the surface of the smoking tube; The welding angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the welding angle and direction, and the welding angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotating drum rotating on the surface of the smoking tube, and a welding gun is installed on one side of the rotating drum surface; A double-station clamping mechanism is symmetrically mounted on the upper surface of the base, and the double-station clamping mechanism is used to clamp and fix the circuit board to be welded.

[0008] Furthermore, the double-station clamping mechanism includes movable plates that slide on the surfaces of the two groups of track bars respectively, two extrusion ridges are arranged on the rear side of the upper surface of the base, the extrusion ridges are placed between the two track bars of the same group, the front end of the extrusion ridges is arranged as an inclined surface, a groove is opened at the center of the lower surface of the movable plate, the groove corresponds to the extrusion ridge, a mounting hole is opened vertically at the center of the inner side of the groove, racks are welded on the surface of one side of the two movable plates close to each other, a driving gear is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the base, the driving gear is placed between the two movable plates, and the driving gear corresponds to the two racks.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting boss is provided on the upper surface of the movable plate, and a positioning block is symmetrically welded on the rear side of the upper surface of the mounting boss, and the positioning block is used to limit the circuit board. A through groove is horizontally opened at the center of the side surface of the mounting boss, and rotating shafts are symmetrically rotatably installed above both sides of the through groove. A pressure plate is provided on the side of the upper surface of the rotating shaft that is close to each other, and the pressure plate is placed on the upper surface of the mounting boss, and an extrusion strip is provided below the end where the two pressure plates are close to each other, and the extrusion strip is used to press down and fix the two sides of the circuit board.

[0010] Furthermore, a swing rod is arranged vertically downward below the surface of the rotating shaft, sliding rods are symmetrically and slidably installed on both sides of the through groove, the outer ends of the sliding rods are connected to the swing rods through joint bearings, and an extrusion bolt is vertically and slidably installed on the inner side of the mounting hole, the bottom of the extrusion bolt is a ball head, the extrusion bolt corresponds to the extrusion convex strip, and an extrusion rod is arranged on the top of the extrusion bolt, the end of the extrusion rod is placed inside the through groove, and connecting rods are symmetrically hinged on the top of the extrusion rod, and the ends of the two connecting rods facing away from the extrusion rod are respectively hinged on the inner ends of the sliding rods, and a spring is sleeved on the surface of the extrusion rod, the spring is placed on the inner side of the mounting hole, and the bottom of the spring contacts the upper surface of the extrusion bolt.

[0011] Furthermore, a tin wire placing machine is fixed on the rear side of the beam surface, and the tin wire placing machine is used to convey the tin bars for welding.

[0012] Furthermore, an elastic bellows is connected to the top of the smoking tube, an end of the elastic bellows is connected to the smoking pump body, and a horn is arranged at the bottom of the smoking tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the welding angle adjustment mechanism also includes a driving worm that rotates horizontally below the inner side of the support plate, and a worm wheel ring is welded above the surface of the rotating cylinder, and the worm wheel ring and the driving worm gear are meshed with each other.

[0014] Furthermore, connecting plates are symmetrically arranged below the surface of the rotating drum, an incomplete gear is rotatably mounted between the two connecting plates, a mounting cylinder is fixed to one side of the incomplete gear, and the welding gun is fixed and penetrates the inner side of the mounting cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a control cylinder is fixed above the surface of the rotating drum, and a tooth plate is arranged downward at the output end of the control cylinder. The tooth plate is placed between the two connecting plates, and the tooth plate is meshed with the incomplete gear.

[0016] The present invention provides an electronic component welding workbench, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention solves the problem of limited angle adjustment range of welding on a traditional workbench by arranging a rotating drum and an angle adjustment mechanism formed by a driving worm and a worm wheel on the surface of the smoking tube, and synchronously installing an incomplete gear and a tooth plate under the rotating drum to realize multi-directional positioning of the welding gun; through the precise engagement of the driving worm and the worm wheel, the rotating drum can perform stable circumferential rotation on the upper surface of the smoking tube, and the fine adjustment of the welding gun is completed in combination with the cylinder to drive the tooth plate and the incomplete gear, making it possible to flexibly weld circuit boards of different specifications and diversified solder joints, thereby significantly improving the welding quality and efficiency.

[0017] The present invention improves the shortcomings of low clamping efficiency and complicated loading and unloading of traditional welding workbenches by arranging a double-station clamping mechanism on the upper surface of the base and using a rack and a driving gear for synchronous or step-by-step driving, and at the same time cooperating with an extrusion convex strip and an extrusion bolt at the bottom of the movable plate. The two movable plates can be moved back and forth alternately for clamping, and while the circuit board on one side is being welded, the other side can be loaded or unloaded, which greatly shortens the standby time and realizes multi-station cross welding.

[0018] The present invention improves the problems of poor smoke discharge and low extraction efficiency in traditional welding by installing a smoking mechanism on the surface of the transverse plate and arranging a horn at the bottom of the smoking tube, and connecting the smoking pump body with an elastic bellows on the top of the smoking tube. The area below the welding point is continuously subjected to the concentrated drainage effect of the horn, and the area above the welding point is subjected to negative pressure to absorb smoke and dust, and is always aligned with the welding position with the cooperation of the transverse plate and the longitudinal linear motor, so that efficient smoking can be maintained during multi-angle welding operations.

[0019] The present invention improves the defect of insufficient automation coordination in the prior art by fixing the tin wire placing machine on the rear side of the crossbeam and combining the longitudinal linear motor and various position sensors to monitor and automatically control the stroke of the welding gun and the clamping mechanism in real time; multiple actuators form a complete control closed loop, which can not only automatically complete the positioning, clamping and welding process of the circuit board, but also dynamically adjust the welding gun angle and the tin wire conveying speed according to the specifications of the circuit board and the position of the soldering point, so that the assembly line can achieve rapid mass production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the gantry workbench of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the movable plate of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of ; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the extrusion rod and the pressing plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the smoking mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the welding angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the welding gun installation structure of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 1. Gantry workbench structure; 11. base; 12. track bar; 13. extrusion convex strip; 14. driving gear; 15. support column; 16. crossbeam; 17. transverse plate; 2. Tin wire placing machine; 3. Double-station clamping mechanism; 31. Moving plate; 32. Groove; 321. Mounting hole; 33. Rack; 34. Mounting boss; 35. Positioning block; 36. Through slot; 37. Rotating shaft; 38. Pressing plate; 381. Extrusion bar; 39. Swinging rod; 310. Sliding rod; 311. Extrusion rod; 312. Extrusion bolt; 313. Spring; 314. Connecting rod; 4. Smoking mechanism; 41. Longitudinal linear motor; 42. Lifting seat; 43. Support plate; 44. Smoking tube; 45. Speaker; 46. Elastic bellows; 5. Welding angle adjustment mechanism; 51. Rotating cylinder; 52. Worm wheel; 53. Driving worm; 54. Control cylinder; 55. Tooth plate; 56. Connecting plate; 57. Mounting cylinder; 58. Incomplete gear; 59. Welding gun. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1-9, an electronic component welding workbench, including a gantry workbench structure 1, the gantry workbench structure 1 includes a base 11 placed on the ground, two sets of track bars 12 are arranged on the upper surface of the base 11, support columns 15 are vertically fixed on both sides of the base 11, and beams 16 are installed on the top of the two support columns 15. A transverse plate 17 is installed on the front surface of the transverse plate 16 for horizontal sliding, and a smoking mechanism 4 is installed on the surface of the transverse plate 17; the base 11 is made of Q235 steel through welding and heat treatment, and the overall size can be customized to 2500mm×1200mm according to production requirements, and has good structural strength and stability; the track bar 12 is made of wear-resistant alloy steel GCr15, and hardened on the surface of the track bar 12 to ensure the accuracy of repeated positioning of moving parts; the support column 15 and the cross beam 16 are both made of square steel pipes with specifications of 50mm×50mm×5mm, and are fastened to the base 11 by high-strength bolts, so that the overall gantry workbench structure 1 has strong vibration resistance; The transverse plate 17 cooperates with the guide rail on the front surface of the crossbeam 16 through a ball screw model XGH-200, and can adjust the welding position left and right during welding to meet the needs of multi-directional welding; the smoking mechanism 4 is used in conjunction with the gantry workbench structure 1 to remove smoke and dust in real time during the welding process of electronic components, thereby keeping the operating area clean and tidy and protecting the health of the operator; the electronic component welding workbench utilizes a double-station structure to achieve cross loading and unloading, and combined with various sensors, it can be linked with the automated production line, greatly improving the efficiency of mass production. See also Figure 1-5 The double-station clamping mechanism 3 includes a movable plate 31 that slides on the surfaces of the two groups of track bars 12 respectively. Two extrusion ridges 13 are arranged on the rear side of the upper surface of the base 11. The extrusion ridge 13 is placed between the two track bars 12 of the same group. The front end of the extrusion ridge 13 is set as an inclined surface. A groove 32 is opened at the center of the lower surface of the movable plate 31. The groove 32 corresponds to the extrusion ridge 13. A mounting hole 321 is vertically opened at the inner center of the groove 32. A rack 33 is welded on the surface of one side of the two movable plates 31 that are close to each other. A driving gear 14 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the base 11. The driving gear 14 is placed between the two movable plates 31. The driving gear 14 corresponds to the two racks 33. The movable plate 31 is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy through precision machining, and a wear-resistant slider is arranged at the bottom. It cooperates with the track bar 12 through a linear slider of model LMB-25 to achieve smooth movement. The extrusion ridge 13 is made of 45 steel, and the front end is set as an inclined surface to provide a vertical upward extrusion effect when the movable plate 31 moves backward. The rack 33 and the driving gear 14 adopt a tooth shape design with a module of 2.0 and are subjected to high-frequency quenching treatment to ensure the stability and accuracy of the transmission process; the double-station clamping mechanism 3 facilitates the cross operation of welding on one side and loading and unloading on the other side on the same welding workbench. See also Figure 1-5, a mounting boss 34 is arranged on the upper surface of the movable plate 31, and a positioning block 35 is symmetrically welded on the rear side of the upper surface of the mounting boss 34, and the positioning block 35 is used to limit the position of the circuit board. A through slot 36 is horizontally opened at the center of the side of the mounting boss 34, and a rotating shaft 37 is symmetrically rotatably installed above both sides of the through slot 36. A pressing plate 38 is arranged on the side of the upper surface of the rotating shaft 37 close to each other, and the pressing plate 38 is placed on the upper surface of the mounting boss 34. An extrusion strip 381 is arranged below the end where the two pressing plates 38 are close to each other, and the extrusion strip 381 is used to press down and fix the two sides of the circuit board; the mounting boss 34 is extruded and formed by aluminum alloy 6063-T5, and the surface is oxidized to improve corrosion resistance; the positioning block 35 is made of 40Cr steel, and the precision of the limiting surface matched with the circuit board is ensured by CNC machining; the opening width of the through slot 36 can be set to 30mm to accommodate various transmission and clamping components; the rotating shaft 37 is made of stainless steel 304 and supported by needle bearings, which can reduce rotational friction and extend service life; The pressing plate 38 can be made of 304 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 5 mm and have extrusion strips 381 welded at both ends. The extrusion strips 381 can provide reliable compression and fixation for circuit boards of different thicknesses, thereby ensuring that the circuit boards are stable and do not shake during welding.

[0024] See also Figure 1-5 A swing rod 39 is vertically arranged downward below the surface of the rotating shaft 37, and sliding rods 310 are symmetrically slidably installed on both sides of the through groove 36. The outer end of the sliding rod 310 is connected to the swing rod 39 through a joint bearing, and an extrusion bolt 312 is vertically slidably installed on the inner side of the mounting hole 321. The bottom of the extrusion bolt 312 is a ball head, and the extrusion bolt 312 corresponds to the extrusion convex strip 13. An extrusion rod 311 is arranged on the top of the extrusion bolt 312. The end of the extrusion rod 311 is placed inside the through groove 36. A connecting rod 314 is symmetrically hinged on the top of the extrusion rod 311. The ends of the two connecting rods 314 away from the extrusion rod 311 are respectively hinged on the inner side of the sliding rod 310. A spring 313 is sleeved on the surface of the extrusion rod 311. The spring 313 is placed on the inner side of the mounting hole 321, and the bottom of the spring 313 contacts the upper surface of the extrusion bolt 312; the swing rod 39 is made of 40Cr alloy steel after quenching and tempering, and the joint bearing uses the GEEW25ES model to ensure rotation flexibility; The squeezing bolt 312 cooperates with the squeezing ridge 13 through the ball head structure, and can be squeezed upward by the squeezing ridge 13 when the movable plate 31 moves backward, so that the squeezing rod 311 and the connecting rod 314 drive the sliding rod 310 to move outward, thereby realizing the clamping of the circuit board by the pressure plate 38; the spring 313 adopts a stainless steel tension spring with a pre-tightening force of approximately 20N, which can press the squeezing rod 311 downward and drive the pressure plate 38 to release the circuit board when the movable plate 31 moves forward, thereby realizing rapid clamping or disassembly of the circuit board; the above-mentioned clamping and loosening process is coordinated with the forward and reverse meshing of the rack 33 and the driving gear 14. See also Figure 1-2A tinning wire machine 2 is fixed on the rear side of the surface of the crossbeam 16, and the tinning wire machine 2 is used to convey the tin bars for welding; the body of the tinning wire machine 2 is made of aluminum profile 6061, and is internally equipped with an electric feeding mechanism of model TX-1, which can select a suitable feeding speed according to the different diameters of the tin wire to ensure that the tin wire is continuously and stably conveyed to the welding point during welding; a mounting bracket is provided on the rear side of the crossbeam 16, which is connected to the body of the tinning wire machine 2 by high-strength bolts, and the vertical height can be adjusted within a certain range to meet the requirements of different welding angles or plate thicknesses; the tinning wire machine 2 cooperates with the welding gun 59 to significantly improve the welding efficiency in the welding of electronic components. See also Figure 6-9 , an elastic bellows 46 is connected to the top of the smoking tube 44, the end of the elastic bellows 46 is connected to the smoking pump body, and a horn 45 is arranged at the bottom of the smoking tube 44; the smoking tube 44 is made of stainless steel 304, and the inner wall is polished to reduce smoke adhesion. The diameter can be selected as Φ80mm according to the size of the welding station; the elastic bellows 46 is made of silicone composite material, and the adjustable length range is about 500mm to 800mm. It is fastened to the smoking pump body through a clamp to facilitate the maintenance of stable smoke diversion when the transverse plate 17 moves up and down; the horn 45 is a tapered structure, the diameter of the inlet end is about Φ120mm, and the diameter of the outlet end and the connection with the smoking tube 44 is about Φ80mm. This structure can concentrate and accelerate the flow of smoke and improve the suction efficiency; in multi-station cross welding, the smoking mechanism 4 continuously captures and exhausts the smoke generated by the welding point.

[0025] See also Figure 6-9 The welding angle adjustment mechanism 5 also includes a driving worm 53 that rotates horizontally at the lower inner side of the support plate 43, and a worm wheel 52 is welded above the surface of the rotating drum 51, and the worm wheel 52 and the driving worm 53 are meshed with each other; the driving worm 53 and the worm wheel 52 are both designed with a material combination of bronze and alloy steel, and the tooth shape of the worm wheel 52 is precisely ground. The driving worm 53 is connected to a servo motor of model MS-750, and the angle is adjusted through PLC control; when the driving worm 53 rotates, it can drive the rotating drum 51 to rotate circumferentially on the surface of the smoking tube 44, so that the welding gun 59 can be arranged at multiple directions, thereby meeting the welding requirements of different devices in three-dimensional space; this structure is combined with the double-station clamping mechanism 3, which helps to accurately position and weld circuit boards of different heights and angles during the welding process. See also Figure 7-9, connecting plates 56 are symmetrically arranged below the surface of the rotating drum 51, an incomplete gear 58 is rotatably installed between the two connecting plates 56, a mounting cylinder 57 is fixed on one side of the incomplete gear 58, and a welding gun 59 is fixedly passed through the inner side of the mounting cylinder 57; the connecting plate 56 is formed by CNC cutting of Q235 steel plate, and is reinforced with the outer wall of the rotating drum 51 by circumferential welding, the incomplete gear 58 is made of 40Cr material and tempered to form a corresponding tooth structure, the mounting cylinder 57 is made of Φ30mm alloy steel pipe and the inner wall is finely ground, and the welding gun 59 is fixedly passed through the inside of the mounting cylinder 57 through a high-temperature resistant insulation sleeve; combined with the dual adjustment of the driving worm 53 and the incomplete gear 58, the welding gun 59 can be fine-tuned at multiple angles within a certain range, thereby meeting the needs of multi-angle welding in the background technology, and cooperates with the smoking mechanism 4 to synchronously absorb welding smoke.

[0026] See also Figure 7-9 A control cylinder 54 is fixed above the surface of the rotating cylinder 51, and a tooth plate 55 is arranged downward at the output end of the control cylinder 54. The tooth plate 55 is placed between two connecting plates 56, and the tooth plate 55 and the incomplete gear 58 are meshed with each other; the control cylinder 54 uses an SMC-CDJ2 series cylinder with a maximum stroke of 50mm. When the cylinder output end drives the tooth plate 55 to move up and down, the incomplete gear 58 can be accurately positioned, thereby driving the installation cylinder 57 and the welding gun 59 to pitch or fine-tune within a small range; the tooth plate 55 is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel, and is processed by a tooth grinder to ensure the meshing accuracy. The incomplete gear 58 can realize the fine angle adjustment of the welding gun 59 under the drive of the tooth plate 55, and cooperates with the double-station clamping mechanism 3 to simultaneously perform the welding of the circuit board on one side and the loading and unloading of the other side, further improving the production efficiency; through the linkage of the longitudinal linear motor 41, the driving worm 53, and the control cylinder 54, the electronic component welding workbench can realize multi-station, high-precision and fast cross welding. Example 2: Multi-directional working principle of welding angle adjustment Embodiment description: This embodiment is used to illustrate the multi-directional angle adjustment of the welding gun by cooperating with the driving worm and the worm wheel. The welding angle adjustment mechanism includes a driving worm (model: MS-750 servo motor), a worm wheel (material: alloy steel), and a rotating drum (material: stainless steel 304). Through the precise worm gear meshing structure, the angle of the welding gun can be adjusted to meet the welding requirements in different workstations. The tooth shape of the worm wheel is precisely processed with a modulus of 2.0 to ensure the accuracy of the welding angle adjustment.

[0027] Experimental conditions and data: Test environment: Ambient temperature is 25°C and humidity is 60%; Controlled variables: welding angle adjustment range, welding gun type (model: FXW-3A), welding plate thickness; Control group: Traditional workbench with manual adjustment of welding gun angle.

[0028] Experimental data:

[0029] It can be seen from this experimental data that precise adjustment of the welding angle can maintain efficient welding quality, and the welding angle adjustment has little effect on the welding speed and quality.

[0030] Example 3: Automatic loading and unloading function of the double-station clamping mechanism Embodiment description: In this embodiment, the double-station clamping mechanism can realize automatic loading and unloading through the interaction between the rack, the driving gear and the extrusion convex strip. The moving plate is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and slides precisely through a high-strength ball screw. The lower part of the moving plate cooperates with the extrusion convex strip 13 to realize the clamping operation. This design can perform loading and unloading operations on the other side while welding on one side, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0031] Experimental conditions and data: Test environment: welding environment temperature is 30°C and humidity is 70%; Controlled variables: circuit board thickness, clamping force, welding speed; Control group: using a workbench with traditional manual loading and unloading.

[0032] Experimental data:

[0033] From this data sheet, we can see that the design of the double-station clamping mechanism keeps the welding cycle time stable, while significantly reducing the loading and unloading time, thereby improving overall work efficiency.

[0034] Example 4: Smoke collection performance of high-efficiency smoking mechanism Embodiment description: This embodiment can efficiently remove smoke generated during welding through the structural design of the smoke tube and the horn. The smoke tube is made of stainless steel 304, with a smooth and polished inner wall, and is used in conjunction with an elastic bellows and a smoke pump body to discharge smoke. The horn shape at the bottom of the smoke tube optimizes the drainage effect of the smoke, ensuring that the smoke during welding is efficiently sucked away.

[0035] Experimental conditions and data: Test environment: welding working environment, temperature is 28°C, humidity is 65%; Control variables: smoking tube size, smoking wind speed, welding point location; Control group: conventional welding workbench without fume extractor.

[0036] Experimental data:

[0037] This data table shows that as the smoke wind speed increases, the smoke capture efficiency gradually improves, and the welding quality stabilizes at a high pass rate level. Compared with traditional equipment, the smoke mechanism of the present invention can significantly reduce the pollution of smoke to the operating environment.

[0038] Example 5: Precise control of automated multi-angle welding Embodiment description: This embodiment adopts an automatic control system, combined with a longitudinal linear motor and a sensor, to achieve precise angle adjustment and positioning of the welding gun. By real-time control of the welding position adjustment, the quality of the welding joint is ensured, and the welding of circuit boards of different specifications can be automatically completed.

[0039] Experimental conditions and data: Test environment: welding environment temperature is 30°C and humidity is 60%; Controlled variables: welding speed, welding angle, welding gun type; Control group: welding table with manually adjusted welding gun.

[0040] Experimental data:

[0041] It can be seen from the data table of this embodiment that automatic control can greatly improve welding accuracy, especially when welding at different angles, ensuring the high quality and accuracy of the welded joint.

[0042] Working principle: When in use, first, the meshing of the driving gear 14 and the rack 33 drives the movable plate 31 on one side to move forward to facilitate the installation of the circuit board. When the movable plate 31 moves to the front, the spring 313 allows the extrusion bolt 312 to move downward to the bottom, and drives the extrusion rod 311 to move downward, and the connecting rod 314 simultaneously pulls the sliding rods 310 on both sides close to each other. At this time, the joint bearing can be used to drive the bottom of the swing rod 39 to rotate inward, and then drive the end of the pressure plate 38 to tilt upward. The circuit board is installed on the surface of the mounting boss 34, and after being limited by the two positioning blocks 35, it is slightly pushed backward to make the rack 33 re-engage with the driving gear 14. At this time, the driving gear 14 can be used to drive The movable plate 31 moves backward. When moving backward, the extrusion bolt 312 will be squeezed upward by the extrusion convex strip 13 to push the two slide bars 310 outward through the connecting rod 314, and then drive the end of the swing rod 39 to swing outward, so that the pressure plate 38 presses down and fixes the circuit board. When welding the circuit board on one side, the circuit board on the other side can be loaded and unloaded to realize double-station cross loading and unloading, thereby improving work efficiency. When the movable plate 31 moves to the front end, it no longer engages with the driving gear 14 to ensure that the loading and unloading of the other double-station clamping mechanism 3 will not be affected during welding. After loading is completed and the welding on the other side is completed, the movable plate 31 can be retreated to re-engage, and the other welded movable plate 31 can be thrown forward.

[0043] During welding, the driving gear 14 controls the circuit board to move forward and backward, the crossbeam 16 controls the lateral movement of the welding gun 59, and the longitudinal linear motor 41 controls the upward movement of the welding gun 59 to realize multi-directional welding work. During welding, the motor controls the driving worm 53 to rotate, so as to drive the welding angle adjustment mechanism 5 to rotate through the engagement of the driving worm 53 with the worm wheel ring 52, and then the tooth plate 55 is pushed to move by the control cylinder 54, so as to control the angle of the mounting tube 57 through the engagement of the tooth plate 55 with the incomplete gear 58, thereby controlling the welding point of the welding gun 59, and the welding point is always placed below the horn 45, so that the smoke and dust generated during welding can be sucked away through the smoking tube 44 and the elastic bellows 46, and it can be applied to different welding positions and welding angles, thereby improving the flexibility during welding, and can also realize automatic welding work in conjunction with sensors at various positions. Compared with the existing smoking structure, the smoking mechanism 4 of the present invention that is always placed on the welding point can improve the efficiency of dust suction.

[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electronic component welding workbench, comprising a gantry workbench structure (1), characterized in that: The gantry workbench structure (1) comprises a base (11) placed on the ground, the upper surface of the base (11) is provided with two groups of track bars (12), support columns (15) are vertically fixed on both sides of the base (11), crossbeams (16) are installed on the tops of the two support columns (15), a transverse plate (17) is installed on the front surface of the crossbeam (16) for transverse sliding, and a smoking mechanism (4) is installed on the surface of the transverse plate (17); The smoking mechanism (4) is used to suck out smoke generated during welding, and comprises a longitudinal linear motor (41) fixed on the surface of the transverse plate (17), a lifting seat (42) being vertically slidably mounted on the front side of the longitudinal linear motor (41), a support plate (43) extending forward from the lifting seat (42), a smoking tube (44) being vertically penetrated and fixed on the surface of the support plate (43), and a welding angle adjustment mechanism (5) being mounted below the surface of the smoking tube (44); The welding angle adjustment mechanism (5) is used to adjust the welding angle and direction, and the welding angle adjustment mechanism (5) comprises a rotating drum (51) rotating on the surface of the smoking tube (44), and a welding gun (59) is installed on one side of the surface of the rotating drum (51); A double-station clamping mechanism (3) is symmetrically mounted on the upper surface of the base (11), and the double-station clamping mechanism (3) is used to clamp and fix a circuit board to be welded.

2. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-station clamping mechanism (3) comprises a movable plate (31) which slides on the surfaces of two groups of track bars (12) respectively; two extrusion convex strips (13) are arranged on the rear side of the upper surface of the base (11); the extrusion convex strips (13) are arranged between the two track bars (12) of the same group; the front end of the extrusion convex strip (13) is arranged as an inclined surface; a groove (32) is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the movable plate (31); the groove (32) corresponds to the extrusion convex strip (13); a mounting hole (321) is vertically arranged at the center of the inner side of the groove (32); a rack (33) is welded on the surface of one side of the two movable plates (31) which are close to each other; a driving gear (14) is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the base (11); the driving gear (14) is arranged between the two movable plates (31); the driving gear (14) corresponds to the two racks (33) respectively.

3. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the movable plate (31) is provided with a mounting boss (34), and a positioning block (35) is symmetrically welded on the rear side of the upper surface of the mounting boss (34), and the positioning block (35) is used to limit the position of the circuit board. A through slot (36) is transversely opened at the center of the side of the mounting boss (34), and rotating shafts (37) are symmetrically rotatably installed above both sides of the through slot (36). A pressing plate (38) is provided on the side of the upper surface of the rotating shaft (37) close to each other, and the pressing plate (38) is placed on the upper surface of the mounting boss (34). An extrusion strip (381) is provided below the ends of the two pressing plates (38) close to each other, and the extrusion strip (381) is used to press down and fix the two sides of the circuit board.

4. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 3, characterized in that: A swing rod (39) is vertically arranged downward below the surface of the rotating shaft (37); slide rods (310) are symmetrically slidably installed on both sides of the through groove (36); the outer end of the slide rod (310) is connected to the swing rod (39) through a joint bearing; a squeeze bolt (312) is vertically slidably installed inside the mounting hole (321); the bottom of the squeeze bolt (312) is a ball head; the squeeze bolt (312) corresponds to the squeeze convex strip (13); and the top of the squeeze bolt (312) is provided with a squeeze rod (311), the end of the extrusion rod (311) is placed inside the through groove (36), the top of the extrusion rod (311) is symmetrically hinged with a connecting rod (314), the ends of the two connecting rods (314) facing away from the extrusion rod (311) are respectively hinged to the inner end of the slide bar (310), the surface of the extrusion rod (311) is sleeved with a spring (313), the spring (313) is placed inside the mounting hole (321), and the bottom of the spring (313) is in contact with the upper surface of the extrusion bolt (312).

5. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tinning wire machine (2) is fixed to the rear side of the surface of the crossbeam (16), and the tinning wire machine (2) is used to convey tin bars for welding.

6. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the smoking tube (44) is connected to an elastic bellows (46), the end of the elastic bellows (46) is connected to the smoking pump body, and the bottom of the smoking tube (44) is provided with a horn (45).

7. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 6, characterized in that: The welding angle adjustment mechanism (5) further comprises a driving worm (53) which rotates horizontally below the inner side of the support plate (43); a worm wheel (52) is welded above the surface of the rotating cylinder (51); the worm wheel (52) and the driving worm (53) are meshed with each other.

8. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 7, characterized in that: Connecting plates (56) are symmetrically arranged below the surface of the rotating cylinder (51), an incomplete gear (58) is rotatably mounted between the two connecting plates (56), a mounting cylinder (57) is fixed to one side of the incomplete gear (58), and the welding gun (59) is fixed and penetrates the inner side of the mounting cylinder (57).

9. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 8, characterized in that: A control cylinder (54) is fixed above the surface of the rotating drum (51), and a tooth plate (55) is arranged downward at the output end of the control cylinder (54). The tooth plate (55) is placed between the two connecting plates (56), and the tooth plate (55) is meshed with the incomplete gear (58).

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