An electronic component soldering station

Abstract

The application discloses an electronic component welding workbench, which comprises a gantry workbench structure, a smoke suction mechanism, a welding angle adjusting mechanism and a double-station clamping mechanism. The multi-directional angle adjustment of a welding torch is realized by arranging a rotating drum on the surface of a smoke suction cylinder in cooperation with a driving worm and a worm gear ring. The double-station cross feeding and discharging are realized by the quick clamping of a circuit board through the action of a rack, a driving gear and an extruded protruding strip. The smoke suction mechanism concentrates and efficiently discharges smoke through a horn cylinder and a corrugated pipe. The automatic multi-angle welding is realized by combining a tin wire feeding machine with a sensor, and the welding efficiency and quality are significantly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic component assembly and welding, in particular to an electronic component welding workbench. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the production and assembly of electronic components, welding operations are often required on components such as circuit boards. In order to ensure stable and accurate positioning of the components to be welded during the welding process, existing technologies usually use welding workbenches to clamp and fix them, and use welding guns or other welding tools to complete automatic or semi-automatic welding. However, with the increasing demand for production efficiency and product diversity in the electronic manufacturing industry, traditional welding workbenches often have the following shortcomings in terms of multi-angle welding adjustment, convenience of feeding and discharging, and smoke emission treatment, etc.

[0003] 1. Limited welding angle adjustment range

[0004] Some existing welding workbenches mostly only support a small range of angle adjustment, or require manual and tedious mechanical adjustment, making it difficult to achieve multi-directional welding in a relatively narrow space. In addition, when the angle adjustment is not flexible enough, it is often difficult to adapt to the position requirements of different specifications of circuit boards or welding points, which can easily cause the welding points to shift or the welding quality to decline.

[0005] 2. Low clamping and feeding efficiency

[0006] For batch production, it is particularly important to improve the clamping efficiency and feeding speed of the circuit board while ensuring the welding quality. Traditional welding workbenches mostly use single workstations or simple clamp structures, which have a tedious clamping process, long repetitive operation time, and low production rhythm. At the same time, once a circuit board is being welded, the operator cannot prepare or disassemble another circuit board, wasting production time and failing to meet the needs of efficient batch production.

[0007] 3. Poor control of smoke emission during welding

[0008] Electronic component welding often produces harmful substances such as smoke and dust, which need to be promptly removed or filtered. Some existing welding workbenches are equipped with smoke exhaust devices, but due to the difficulty in maintaining the relative position between the welding point position and the smoke exhaust mechanism, the smoke removal effect is not ideal; or the smoke exhaust mechanism is not flexible enough to adapt to different board welding spaces, resulting in low smoke removal efficiency.

[0009] 4. Insufficient application of automation and sensors

[0010] In the context of intelligent manufacturing, using sensors, mechanical arms and various actuators to achieve fully automatic or highly automated welding has become an important trend. However, the compatibility of some workbenches in multi-station automatic welding, welding path planning and real-time monitoring is not high, and it is often difficult to seamlessly connect with the automatic production line, limiting production efficiency and product consistency. SUMMARY

[0011] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides an electronic component welding workbench that can accommodate double-station or multi-station cross welding, achieve flexible adjustment of welding angles, improve clamping efficiency, and simultaneously complete efficient smoke removal, in order to improve overall production efficiency and meet the needs of multi-directional welding.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0013] An electronic component welding workbench includes a gantry workbench structure, which includes a base placed on the ground, the upper surface of the base is provided with two groups of track strips, and the two sides of the base are vertically fixed with support columns, the top of the two support columns is installed with a cross beam, the front surface of the cross beam is transversely slidably installed with a horizontal moving plate, and the surface of the horizontal moving plate is installed with a smoke suction mechanism;

[0014] The smoke suction mechanism is used to suck out the smoke generated during welding, and the smoke suction mechanism includes a longitudinal linear motor fixed on the surface of the horizontal moving plate, a lifting seat is vertically slidably installed on the front side of the longitudinal linear motor, the lifting seat extends forwardly with a support plate, a smoke suction cylinder is vertically fixed on the surface of the support plate, and a welding angle adjusting mechanism is installed below the surface of the smoke suction cylinder;

[0015] The welding angle adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the welding angle and direction, and the welding angle adjusting mechanism includes a rotating cylinder rotating on the surface of the smoke suction cylinder, and a welding gun is installed on one side of the surface of the rotating cylinder;

[0016] The upper surface of the base is symmetrically installed with a double-station clamping mechanism, and the double-station clamping mechanism is used to clamp and fix the circuit board to be welded.

[0017] Further, the double-station clamping mechanism includes moving plates slidably installed on the surfaces of the two groups of track strips, respectively, two extrusion protrusions are provided on the rear side of the upper surface of the base, the extrusion protrusions are placed between the two track strips of the same group, the front end of the extrusion protrusion is provided as an inclined surface, a recess is formed in the center of the lower surface of the moving plate, the recess corresponds to the extrusion protrusion, a mounting hole is vertically formed in the center of the inner side of the recess, a rack is welded on one side surface of each moving plate, a drive gear is provided on the center of the upper surface of the base, the drive gear is placed between the two moving plates, and the drive gear corresponds to the two racks.

[0018] Further, the upper surface of the moving plate is provided with a mounting boss, a positioning block is symmetrically welded on the rear side of the upper surface of the mounting boss, the positioning block is used for limiting the circuit board, a through slot is horizontally arranged on the center of the side surface of the mounting boss, a rotating shaft is symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the both sides of the through slot, a pressing plate is arranged on the side of the rotating shaft which is close to each other, the pressing plate is arranged on the upper surface of the mounting boss, an extrusion strip is arranged below the end of the pressing plate which is close to each other, and the extrusion strip is used for pressing and fixing the circuit board on the both sides.

[0019] Further, a swing rod is vertically arranged downwards on the surface of the rotating shaft, a sliding rod is symmetrically arranged on the both sides of the through slot, the sliding rod is connected with the swing rod through a joint bearing, an extrusion bolt is vertically and slidably arranged in the inner side of the mounting hole, the bottom of the extrusion bolt is a ball head, the extrusion bolt corresponds to the extrusion convex strip, an extrusion rod is arranged on the top of the extrusion bolt, the end of the extrusion rod is arranged in the through slot, a connecting rod is symmetrically hinged on the top of the extrusion rod, the end of the connecting rod which is away from the extrusion rod is hinged on the inner side of the sliding rod, a spring is sleeved on the surface of the extrusion rod, the spring is arranged in the inner side of the mounting hole, and the bottom of the spring is in contact with the upper surface of the extrusion bolt.

[0020] Further, a tin wire placing machine is fixed on the rear side of the cross beam, and the tin wire placing machine is used for conveying the tin bar for welding.

[0021] Further, an elastic bellows is connected to the top of the smoke suction cylinder, the end of the elastic bellows is connected to the smoke suction pump body, and a horn cylinder is arranged on the bottom of the smoke suction cylinder.

[0022] Further, the welding angle adjusting mechanism further comprises a driving worm which is horizontally rotated on the inner side below the supporting plate, and a worm gear ring is welded on the surface above the rotating cylinder, and the worm gear ring is meshed with the driving worm.

[0023] Further, connecting plates are symmetrically arranged below the surface of the rotating cylinder, an incomplete gear is rotatably arranged between the two connecting plates, an installation cylinder is fixed on one side of the incomplete gear, and the welding gun is fixedly penetrated into the inner side of the installation cylinder.

[0024] Further, a control cylinder is fixed on the surface above the rotating cylinder, a tooth plate is arranged on the output end of the control cylinder downwards, the tooth plate is arranged between the two connecting plates, and the tooth plate is meshed with the incomplete gear.

[0025] The electronic component welding workbench provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present application solves the problem of limited adjustment range of the welding angle of the traditional workbench by setting a rotating drum on the surface of the suction drum and forming an angle adjustment mechanism with the cooperating driving worm and worm ring, and synchronously installing an incomplete gear and a toothed plate below the rotating drum to realize multi-direction positioning of the welding gun; through the precise meshing of the driving worm and the worm ring, the rotating drum can stably rotate on the surface of the suction drum, and the fine adjustment of the welding gun is completed by the cooperation of the toothed plate and the incomplete gear pushed by the cylinder, so that flexible welding of different specifications of circuit boards and diversified welding points becomes possible, thereby significantly improving the welding quality and efficiency.

[0027] The present application improves the low clamping efficiency and the cumbersome feeding and discharging of the traditional welding workbench by setting a double-station clamping mechanism on the upper surface of the base and synchronously or stepwise driving by using the rack and driving gear, and simultaneously forming an automatic clamping and releasing structure by cooperating the extrusion protrusions and extrusion bolts at the bottom of the moving plate; the two moving plates can alternately move forward and backward for clamping, while one side of the circuit board is being welded, the other side can be fed or discharged, which greatly shortens the standby time and realizes cross welding of multiple stations.

[0028] The present application improves the problem of poor smoke emission and low pumping efficiency during traditional welding by installing a suction mechanism on the surface of the transverse moving plate and setting a horn cylinder at the bottom of the suction drum, and connecting the suction pump body at the top of the suction drum by using an elastic bellows, the welding point is continuously subjected to the concentrated drainage effect of the horn cylinder below, and the welding point is subjected to the negative pressure suction of the suction drum above, and under the cooperation of the transverse moving plate and the longitudinal linear motor, it is always aligned with the welding position, so that efficient suction can be realized in multi-angle welding operation.

[0029] The present application improves the defects of insufficient automation in the prior art by fixing the tin wire placing machine at the rear side of the cross beam, and combining the longitudinal linear motor and the position sensors to monitor and automatically control the stroke of the welding gun and the clamping mechanism in real time; multiple actuators form a complete control closed loop, which not only can automatically complete the positioning, clamping and welding process of the circuit board, but also can dynamically adjust the welding gun angle and the tin wire conveying speed according to the specifications of the circuit board and the position of the welding point, so that the assembly line can realize rapid batch production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is the installation three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is the gantry workbench three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 It is the moving plate three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4For the present invention Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the extrusion rod and pressure plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the smoking mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the welding angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the welding torch mounting structure of the present invention.

[0039] Among them, 1. Gantry workbench structure; 11. Base; 12. Track bar; 13. Extrusion rib; 14. Drive gear; 15. Support column; 16. Crossbeam; 17. Horizontal movement plate;

[0040] 2. Solder wire feeding machine;

[0041] 3. Dual-station clamping mechanism; 31. Moving plate; 32. Groove; 321. Mounting hole; 33. Rack; 34. Mounting boss; 35. Positioning block; 36. Through groove; 37. Rotating shaft; 38. Pressure plate; 381. Extrusion bar; 39. Swing rod; 310. Slide rod; 311. Extrusion rod; 312. Extrusion bolt; 313. Spring; 314. Connecting rod;

[0042] 4. Smoking mechanism; 41. Longitudinal linear motor; 42. Lifting seat; 43. Support plate; 44. Smoking pipe; 45. Horn; 46. Flexible corrugated pipe;

[0043] 5. Welding angle adjustment mechanism; 51. Rotary drum; 52. Worm gear ring; 53. Drive worm; 54. Control cylinder; 55. Gear plate; 56. Connecting plate; 57. Mounting cylinder; 58. Incomplete gear; 59. Welding torch. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] See Figures 1-9An electronic component welding workbench includes a gantry workbench structure 1. The gantry workbench structure 1 includes a base 11 placed on the ground. Two sets of rails 12 are provided on the upper surface of the base 11. Support columns 15 are vertically fixed on both sides of the base 11. A crossbeam 16 is installed on the top of the two support columns 15. A transverse sliding plate 17 is slidably installed on the front surface of the crossbeam 16. A fumigation mechanism 4 is installed on the surface of the transverse sliding plate 17. The base 11 is made of Q235 steel and integrally formed by welding and heat treatment. The overall size can be customized to 2500mm×1200mm according to production needs, and it has good structural strength and stability. The rails 12 are made of wear-resistant alloy steel GCr15 and the surface of the rails 12 is hardened to ensure the accuracy of repeated positioning of moving parts. The support columns 15 and the crossbeam 16 are both made of square steel pipes with specifications of 50mm×50mm×5mm and are fastened to the base 11 by high-strength bolts, so that the overall gantry workbench structure 1 has strong vibration resistance. The transverse plate 17, through the cooperation of a ball screw of model XGH-200 and the guide rail on the front surface of the crossbeam 16, can adjust the welding position left and right during welding to meet the needs of multi-directional welding; the fumigation mechanism 4, in conjunction with the gantry workbench structure 1, can remove smoke and dust in real time during the welding of electronic components, thereby keeping the operating area clean and protecting the health of the operator; the electronic component welding workbench utilizes a dual-station structure to achieve cross loading and unloading, and combined with various sensors, it can form a linkage with the automated production line, greatly improving the efficiency of mass production.

[0047] See Figures 1-5 The dual-station clamping mechanism 3 includes a movable plate 31 that slides on the surfaces of two sets of track bars 12 respectively. Two extrusion protrusions 13 are provided on the rear side of the upper surface of the base 11, positioned between the two track bars 12 in the same group. The front end of the extrusion protrusions 13 is set as an inclined surface. A groove 32 is formed at the center of the lower surface of the movable plate 31, corresponding to the extrusion protrusions 13. A mounting hole 321 is vertically formed at the center of the inner side of the groove 32. A rack 33 is welded to the side surface of the two movable plates 31 that are close to each other. A drive gear 14 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the base 11, positioned between the two movable plates 31, corresponding to the two racks 33. The movable plate 31 is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy through precision machining and has a wear-resistant slider at the bottom. It cooperates with the track bars 12 through a linear slider of model LMB-25 to achieve smooth movement. The extrusion protrusions 13 are made of 45# steel, and their inclined front end provides a vertically upward extrusion force when the movable plate 31 moves backward. The rack 33 and the drive gear 14 adopt a tooth profile design with a module of 2.0 and undergo high-frequency quenching treatment to ensure the stability and accuracy of the transmission process; the dual-station clamping mechanism 3 facilitates cross-operation of welding on one side and loading and unloading on the other side on the same welding workbench.

[0048] See Figures 1-5 The upper surface of the movable plate 31 is provided with a mounting boss 34. Positioning blocks 35 are symmetrically welded to the rear side of the upper surface of the mounting boss 34. The positioning blocks 35 are used to limit the position of the circuit board. A through groove 36 is horizontally opened at the center of the side of the mounting boss 34. Rotary shafts 37 are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the upper sides of the through groove 36. Pressure plates 38 are provided on the adjacent sides of the upper surface of the rotating shafts 37, and the pressure plates 38 are placed on the upper surface of the mounting boss 34. Extrusion strips 381 are provided below the adjacent ends of the two pressure plates 38, and the extrusion strips 381 are used to press down and fix the sides of the circuit board. The mounting boss 34 is made of 6063-T5 aluminum alloy by extrusion molding, and the surface is anodized to improve corrosion resistance. The positioning blocks 35 are made of 40Cr steel, and CNC machining ensures the accuracy of the limiting surface for mating with the circuit board. The width of the through groove 36 can be set to 30mm to accommodate various transmission and clamping components. The rotating shafts 37 are made of 304 stainless steel and supported by needle roller bearings, which reduces rotational friction and extends service life. The pressure plate 38 can be made of 304 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 5mm and extrusion strips 381 welded at both ends. The extrusion strips 381 can provide reliable clamping and fixing for circuit boards of different thicknesses, thereby ensuring that the circuit board is stable and does not shake during welding.

[0049] See Figures 1-5 A swing rod 39 is vertically downwardly mounted below the surface of the rotating shaft 37. Slide rods 310 are symmetrically slidably mounted on both sides of the through groove 36. The outer ends of the slide rods 310 are connected to the swing rod 39 via spherical bearings. A compression bolt 312 is vertically slidably mounted inside the mounting hole 321. The bottom of the compression bolt 312 is a ball head, and the compression bolt 312 corresponds to the compression protrusion 13. A compression rod 311 is mounted on the top of the compression bolt 312, with its end placed inside the through groove 36. Connecting rods 314 are symmetrically hinged to the top of the compression rod 311. The ends of the two connecting rods 314 opposite to the compression rod 311 are respectively hinged to the inner ends of the slide rods 310. A spring 313 is sleeved on the surface of the compression rod 311, and the spring 313 is placed inside the mounting hole 321, with its bottom contacting the upper surface of the compression bolt 312. The swing rod 39 is made of 40Cr alloy steel and has undergone quenching and tempering treatment. The spherical bearing is a GEEW25ES model to ensure flexible rotation. The clamping bolt 312 engages with the clamping protrusion 13 via a ball-head structure. When the moving plate 31 moves backward, it is squeezed upward by the clamping protrusion 13, causing the clamping rod 311 and connecting rod 314 to drive the sliding rod 310 outward, thereby clamping the circuit board with the pressure plate 38. The spring 313 is a stainless steel tension spring with a preload of approximately 20N. When the moving plate 31 moves forward, it can press down the clamping rod 311 and drive the pressure plate 38 to release the circuit board, enabling quick clamping or disassembly of the circuit board. The above clamping and releasing process is coordinated with the forward and reverse meshing of the rack 33 and the drive gear 14.

[0050] See Figures 1-2A solder wire feeder 2 is fixed to the rear side of the crossbeam 16. The solder wire feeder 2 is used to transport solder bars for welding. The body of the solder wire feeder 2 is made of aluminum profile 6061 and is equipped with an electric feeding mechanism of model TX-1. It can select the appropriate feeding speed according to the different diameters of the solder wire to ensure that the solder wire is continuously and stably transported to the welding point during welding. A mounting bracket is set on the rear side of the crossbeam 16 and is connected to the body of the solder wire feeder 2 by high-strength bolts. The vertical height can be adjusted within a certain range to meet the requirements of different welding angles or board thicknesses. The solder wire feeder 2 works in conjunction with the welding torch 59 to significantly improve welding efficiency in the welding of electronic components.

[0051] See Figures 6-9 The top of the smoking pipe 44 is connected to an elastic corrugated pipe 46, the end of which is connected to the smoking pump body. A horn 45 is provided at the bottom of the smoking pipe 44. The smoking pipe 44 is made of 304 stainless steel, and the inner wall is polished to reduce the adhesion of smoke and dust. The diameter can be selected according to the size of the welding station, which is Φ80mm. The elastic corrugated pipe 46 is made of silicone composite material, and the length is adjustable from about 500mm to 800mm. It is fastened to the smoking pump body by clamps to facilitate stable smoke guidance when the transverse plate 17 moves up and down. The horn 45 has a tapered structure, with an inlet diameter of about Φ120mm and an outlet diameter of about Φ80mm at the connection with the smoking pipe 44. This structure can concentrate and accelerate the flow of smoke and dust, and improve the suction efficiency. In multi-station cross welding, the smoking mechanism 4 continuously collects and extracts the smoke and dust generated at the welding point.

[0052] See Figures 6-9 The welding angle adjustment mechanism 5 also includes a drive worm 53 that rotates horizontally below the inner side of the support plate 43. A worm gear ring 52 is welded above the surface of the rotating drum 51, and the worm gear ring 52 meshes with the drive worm 53. Both the drive worm 53 and the worm gear ring 52 are made of a combination of bronze and alloy steel. The teeth of the worm gear ring 52 are precision ground. The drive worm 53 is connected to a servo motor of model MS-750, and the angle is adjusted by PLC control. When the drive worm 53 rotates, it can drive the rotating drum 51 to rotate circumferentially on the surface of the smoke tube 44, so that the welding torch 59 can be arranged in multiple directions, thereby meeting the welding needs of different components in three-dimensional space. This structure, combined with the dual-station clamping mechanism 3, helps to accurately position and weld circuit boards of different heights and angles during the welding process.

[0053] See Figures 7-9A connecting plate 56 is symmetrically arranged below the surface of the rotating drum 51. An incomplete gear 58 is rotatably installed between the two connecting plates 56. An installation cylinder 57 is fixed to one side of the incomplete gear 58. The welding torch 59 is fixedly inserted through the inner side of the installation cylinder 57. The connecting plate 56 is made of Q235 steel plate and is CNC cut and reinforced with the outer wall of the rotating drum 51 by circumferential welding. The incomplete gear 58 is made of 40Cr material and is heat-treated to form a corresponding tooth structure. The installation cylinder 57 is made of Φ30mm alloy steel pipe and the inner wall is finely ground. The welding torch 59 is fixedly inserted through the inside of the installation cylinder 57 by a high-temperature heat-insulating sleeve. With the dual adjustment of the drive worm gear 53 and the incomplete gear 58, the welding torch 59 can be finely adjusted at multiple angles within a certain range, thereby meeting the needs of multi-angle welding in the background technology, and cooperating with the fume extraction mechanism 4 to synchronously remove welding fumes.

[0054] See Figures 7-9 A control cylinder 54 is fixed above the surface of the rotating drum 51. A toothed plate 55 is set downward at the output end of the control cylinder 54. The toothed plate 55 is placed between two connecting plates 56 and meshes with the incomplete gear 58. The control cylinder 54 is an SMC-CDJ2 series cylinder with a maximum stroke of 50mm. When the output end of the cylinder drives the toothed plate 55 to move up and down, it can accurately position the incomplete gear 58, thereby driving the mounting cylinder 57 and the welding torch 59 to pitch or fine-tune within a small range. The toothed plate 55 is made of tempered 45 steel and is processed by a tooth profile grinder to ensure meshing accuracy. The incomplete gear 58 can achieve fine angle adjustment of the welding torch 59 under the drive of the toothed plate 55. In conjunction with the dual-station clamping mechanism 3, it can simultaneously perform welding of one side of the circuit board and loading and unloading of the other side, further improving production efficiency. Through the linkage of the longitudinal linear motor 41, the drive worm gear 53, and the control cylinder 54, the electronic component welding workbench can realize multi-station, high-precision, and rapid cross welding.

[0055] Example 2: Multi-directional working principle of welding angle adjustment

[0056] Example description:

[0057] This embodiment illustrates how to achieve multi-directional angle adjustment of the welding torch through the engagement of a drive worm gear and a worm wheel ring. The welding angle adjustment mechanism includes a drive worm gear (model: MS-750 servo motor), a worm wheel ring (material: alloy steel), and a rotating drum (material: 304 stainless steel). Through the precise worm wheel meshing structure, the angle of the welding torch can be adjusted to meet welding requirements in different workstations. The worm wheel ring's teeth are precision-machined with a module of 2.0 to ensure the accuracy of the welding angle adjustment.

[0058] Experimental conditions and data:

[0059] Test environment: Ambient temperature was 25°C, and humidity was 60%.

[0060] Controlled variables: Welding angle adjustment range, welding torch type (model: FXW-3A), and welding plate thickness;

[0061] Control group: Traditional manual welding torch angle adjustment worktable.

[0062] Experimental data:

[0063]

[0064] The experimental data shows that precise adjustment of the welding angle can maintain high welding quality, and the adjustment of the welding angle has little impact on welding speed and quality.

[0065] Example 3: Automated loading and unloading function of dual-station clamping mechanism

[0066] Example description:

[0067] In this embodiment, the dual-station clamping mechanism achieves automatic loading and unloading through the interaction of a rack, a drive gear, and an extrusion rib. The moving plate is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and slides precisely via a high-strength ball screw. An extrusion rib 13 aligns below the moving plate to perform the clamping operation. This design allows for loading and unloading operations on one side while welding on the other, improving production efficiency.

[0068] Experimental conditions and data:

[0069] Test environment: Welding ambient temperature 30°C, humidity 70%;

[0070] Controlled variables: circuit board thickness, clamping force, soldering speed;

[0071] Control group: Workbench using traditional manual loading and unloading.

[0072] Experimental data:

[0073]

[0074] This data table shows that the dual-station clamping mechanism design keeps the welding cycle time stable while significantly reducing loading and unloading time, thereby improving overall work efficiency.

[0075] Example 4: Smoke and Dust Collection Performance of High-Efficiency Smoking Mechanism

[0076] Example description:

[0077] This embodiment utilizes a structural design combining a fume extractor and a horn-shaped nozzle to efficiently remove fumes generated during welding. The fume extractor is made of 304 stainless steel with a smooth, polished inner wall, and is equipped with a flexible corrugated pipe and a fume pump for smoke extraction. The horn-shaped nozzle at the bottom of the fume extractor optimizes smoke flow, ensuring that welding fumes are efficiently removed.

[0078] Experimental conditions and data:

[0079] Test environment: Welding operation environment, temperature 28°C, humidity 65%;

[0080] Controlled variables: size of the smoke pipe, smoke velocity, and location of the welding point;

[0081] Control group: Traditional welding workbench without a smoke extraction device.

[0082] Experimental data:

[0083]

[0084] This data table shows that as the smoke extraction velocity increases, the smoke collection efficiency gradually improves, and the welding quality remains stable at a high pass rate. Compared to traditional equipment, the smoke extraction mechanism of this invention can significantly reduce the pollution of the operating environment by smoke and dust.

[0085] Example 5: Precise Control of Automated Multi-Angle Welding

[0086] Example description:

[0087] This embodiment employs an automated control system, combining a longitudinal linear motor and sensors to achieve precise angle adjustment and positioning of the welding torch. By controlling the adjustment of the welding position in real time, the quality of the welded joint is ensured, and the welding of circuit boards of different specifications can be completed automatically.

[0088] Experimental conditions and data:

[0089] Test environment: Welding ambient temperature 30°C, humidity 60%;

[0090] Controlled variables: Welding speed, welding angle, welding torch type;

[0091] Control group: Welding worktable with manually adjusted welding torch.

[0092] Experimental data:

[0093]

[0094] As can be seen from the data table in this embodiment, automated control can significantly improve welding accuracy, especially when welding at different angles, ensuring the high quality and precision of the welded joint.

[0095] Working principle: In use, the drive gear 14 meshes with the rack 33, driving the moving plate 31 on one side to move forward to facilitate the installation of the circuit board. When the moving plate 31 moves to the front, the spring 313 causes the pressing bolt 312 to move downward to the bottom, driving the pressing rod 311 downward. Simultaneously, the connecting rod 314 pulls the sliding rods 310 on both sides closer together. At this time, the spherical bearing drives the bottom of the swing rod 39 to rotate inward, which in turn drives the end of the pressure plate 38 to tilt upward. The circuit board is installed on the surface of the mounting boss 34 and, after being limited by the two positioning blocks 35, is slightly pushed backward to re-mesh the rack 33 with the drive gear 14. At this time, the drive gear 14 drives the... When the movable plate 31 moves backward, the pressing bolt 312 will be squeezed upward by the pressing protrusion 13, so as to push the two sliding rods 310 outward through the connecting rod 314, and then drive the end of the swing rod 39 to swing outward, so that the pressure plate 38 presses down and fixes the circuit board. When welding the circuit board on one side, the circuit board on the other side can be loaded and unloaded to realize cross loading and unloading of dual stations and improve work efficiency. When the movable plate 31 moves to the front end, it no longer engages with the drive gear 14 to ensure that the welding will not affect the loading and unloading of the other dual-station clamping mechanism 3. After the loading is completed and the welding on the other side is completed, the movable plate 31 can be retracted to re-engage, and the other welded movable plate 31 is thrown forward.

[0096] During welding, the drive gear 14 controls the circuit board to move back and forth, the crossbeam 16 controls the welding torch 59 to move laterally, and the longitudinal linear motor 41 controls the welding torch 59 to move upward, so as to realize multi-directional welding work. During welding, the motor controls the drive worm 53 to rotate, so that the meshing of the drive worm 53 with the worm wheel ring 52 drives the welding angle adjustment mechanism 5 to rotate. Then, the control cylinder 54 pushes the toothed plate 55 to move, so that the meshing of the toothed plate 55 with the incomplete gear 58 controls the angle of the mounting cylinder 57, thereby controlling the welding point of the welding torch 59. The welding point is always placed below the horn tube 45 so that the smoke and dust generated during welding can be removed by the smoke tube 44 and the elastic bellows 46. It can be used for different welding positions and welding angles, improving the flexibility of welding. With the cooperation of sensors at various positions, automated welding work can also be realized. Compared with the existing smoke structure, the smoke mechanism 4 of this invention, which is always placed on the welding point, can improve the dust collection efficiency.

[0097] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electronic component soldering workbench, comprising a gantry workbench structure (1), characterized in that: The gantry workbench structure (1) includes a base (11) placed on the ground. Two sets of rails (12) are provided on the upper surface of the base (11). Support columns (15) are vertically fixed on both sides of the base (11). A crossbeam (16) is installed on the top of the two support columns (15). A transverse sliding plate (17) is slidably installed on the front surface of the crossbeam (16). A smoking mechanism (4) is installed on the surface of the transverse sliding plate (17). The fumigation mechanism (4) is used to extract the smoke generated during welding. The fumigation mechanism (4) includes a longitudinal linear motor (41) fixed on the surface of the transverse plate (17). A lifting seat (42) is vertically slidably installed on the front side of the longitudinal linear motor (41). A support plate (43) extends forward from the lifting seat (42). A fumigation tube (44) is vertically fixed through the surface of the support plate (43). A welding angle adjustment mechanism (5) is installed below the surface of the fumigation tube (44). The welding angle adjustment mechanism (5) is used to adjust the welding angle and direction. The welding angle adjustment mechanism (5) includes a rotating cylinder (51) that rotates on the surface of the smoking tube (44). A welding torch (59) is installed on one side of the surface of the rotating cylinder (51). The base (11) is symmetrically equipped with a dual-station clamping mechanism (3), which is used to clamp and fix the circuit board to be welded. The dual-station clamping mechanism (3) includes a movable plate (31) that slides on the surfaces of two sets of track bars (12) respectively. Two extrusion protrusions (13) are provided on the rear side of the upper surface of the base (11). The extrusion protrusions (13) are placed between the two track bars (12) in the same set. The front end of the extrusion protrusions (13) is set as an inclined surface. A groove (32) is opened in the center of the lower surface of the movable plate (31). The groove (32) corresponds to the extrusion protrusions (13). An installation hole (321) is vertically opened in the center of the inner side of the groove (32). A rack (33) is welded on the side surface of the two movable plates (31) that are close to each other. A drive gear (14) is provided in the center of the upper surface of the base (11). The drive gear (14) is placed between the two movable plates (31). The drive gear (14) corresponds to the two racks (33). The upper surface of the movable plate (31) is provided with a mounting boss (34). A positioning block (35) is symmetrically welded to the rear side of the upper surface of the mounting boss (34). The positioning block (35) is used to limit the circuit board. A through groove (36) is opened horizontally in the center of the side of the mounting boss (34). A rotating shaft (37) is symmetrically rotated and installed on the upper sides of the through groove (36). A pressure plate (38) is provided on the side of the upper surface of the rotating shaft (37) that is close to each other. The pressure plate (38) is placed on the upper surface of the mounting boss (34). An extrusion strip (381) is provided below the end of the two pressure plates (38) that are close to each other. The extrusion strip (381) is used to press down and fix the two sides of the circuit board. A swing rod (39) is vertically downwardly arranged below the surface of the rotating shaft (37). Slide rods (310) are symmetrically slidably installed on both sides of the through groove (36). The outer end of the slide rod (310) is connected to the swing rod (39) through a joint bearing. A compression bolt (312) is vertically slidably installed inside the mounting hole (321). The bottom of the compression bolt (312) is a ball head. The compression bolt (312) corresponds to the compression protrusion (13). A compression rod is provided on the top of the compression bolt (312). (311) The end of the extrusion rod (311) is placed inside the through groove (36). The top of the extrusion rod (311) is symmetrically hinged with connecting rods (314). The ends of the two connecting rods (314) away from the extrusion rod (311) are respectively hinged to the inner end of the slide rod (310). A spring (313) is sleeved on the surface of the extrusion rod (311). The spring (313) is placed inside the mounting hole (321). The bottom of the spring (313) is in contact with the upper surface of the extrusion bolt (312).

2. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solder wire feeder (2) is fixed to the rear side of the surface of the crossbeam (16), and the solder wire feeder (2) is used to feed the solder bars for welding.

3. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the smoking tube (44) is connected to an elastic corrugated tube (46), the end of the elastic corrugated tube (46) is connected to the smoking pump body, and a horn tube (45) is provided at the bottom of the smoking tube (44).

4. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The welding angle adjustment mechanism (5) also includes a drive worm (53) that rotates horizontally below the inner side of the support plate (43). A worm wheel ring (52) is welded above the surface of the rotating drum (51), and the worm wheel ring (52) meshes with the drive worm (53).

5. The electronic component welding workbench according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting plate (56) is symmetrically arranged below the surface of the rotating drum (51). An incomplete gear (58) is rotatably installed between the two connecting plates (56). An installation cylinder (57) is fixed on one side of the incomplete gear (58). The welding torch (59) is fixedly inserted through the inside of the installation cylinder (57).

6. The electronic component soldering workbench according to claim 5, characterized in that: A control cylinder (54) is fixed above the surface of the rotating drum (51). A toothed plate (55) is provided downward at the output end of the control cylinder (54). The toothed plate (55) is placed between the two connecting plates (56). The toothed plate (55) meshes with the incomplete gear (58).

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