Profiling tool based on special-shaped thin-wall part and machining method

Abstract

The profiling tool comprises a base, a profiling curved surface body is arranged on the base, the outer surface of the profiling curved surface body is attached to an inner wall skin of the special-shaped thin-wall part, calibration surfaces are arranged on the two sides of the profiling curved surface body, and a locking structure is arranged at the upper end of the profiling curved surface body; the fixture has the advantages of convenience in clamping, rapidness in positioning, good stability and the like, effectively guarantees product quality and improves production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of precision machining of special-shaped thin-walled parts, in particular to a profiling tool and a machining method based on special-shaped thin-walled parts. Background Art

[0002] Special-shaped thin-walled parts are widely used in the aerospace field. They are mostly made by casting and then machining. Their appearance structure is a streamlined wave-riding configuration, the large end section is a diamond shape, and the inner cavity mainly includes structures such as skin and mounting bosses. The skin wall is thin and has high precision. The total length of the part exceeds 1000mm, the overall structure is complex, and the incoming material is a casting blank. Due to the complex product structure, refer to Figure 2 The narrow inner cavity structure is generally cast in place without mechanical processing. Only the installation parts and other external structures are processed. In order to ensure that the product processing dimensions meet the design requirements, the processing datum must be kept consistent with the casting datum. The most obvious feature of keeping consistent is the skin wall thickness. This process is generally called "aligning the wall thickness". Aligning the wall thickness can ensure that the processing datum is consistent with the casting datum, which plays a decisive role in product processing.

[0003] At present, the process of aligning the wall thickness of this product is mainly divided into the fitter marking to determine the rough reference and the machine tool trial cutting and adjustment to ensure the uniformity of the wall thickness. Specifically: place the part on a horizontal workbench and use an adjustable support seat to raise it, use the marking height gauge to level the four symmetrical inner wall planes, and draw the reference line on the part shape and end face. After the fitter determines the reference line, the process blocks around the part are clamped on the machine tool, and the wall thickness is made to a certain degree of uniformity by repeatedly trial cutting and measuring the outer skin, and turning it over many times, and finally the wall thickness is aligned.

[0004] As can be seen from the above, the shortcomings of the prior art are:

[0005] (1) Long processing cycle, low production efficiency and high cost;

[0006] (2) The operation process is complicated, prone to errors, and the quality stability is not high. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a profiling tool and a processing method based on special-shaped thin-walled parts.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0009] The present invention provides a profiling tool based on a special-shaped thin-walled part, comprising a base, a profiling curved surface body being provided on the base, the outer surface of the profiling curved surface body being fitted with the inner wall skin of the special-shaped thin-walled part, calibration surfaces being provided on both sides of the profiling curved surface body, and a locking structure being provided on the upper end of the profiling curved surface body.

[0010] Preferably, the locking structure comprises a mounting screw and a fixing nut, wherein the mounting screw is threadedly disposed through the upper end surface of the contoured curved surface body, and the fixing nut is threadedly sleeved on the mounting screw.

[0011] Preferably, a trapezoidal avoidance groove is provided on the surface of the contoured curved surface body.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end surface of the contoured curved surface body is set to be a plane.

[0013] The present invention further provides a method for processing a profiling tool based on a special-shaped thin-walled part, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1: Install the profiling tooling: Install the profiling tooling on the rotary table of the horizontal machining center;

[0015] S2: Clamp the special-shaped thin-walled parts onto the profiling tooling;

[0016] S3: Based on the profiling tooling, process the outer surface of special-shaped thin-walled parts;

[0017] S4: Measure the inner wall of special-shaped thin-walled parts: find the wall thickness.

[0018] Preferably, in S1, the base is calibrated so that the base coincides with the center of the rotary table of the horizontal machining center, the reference surface of the profiling tool is calibrated and the direction is determined, and the profiling tool is fastened.

[0019] Preferably, the profiling tooling is fastened to the rotary table of the horizontal machining center by means of a pressure plate.

[0020] Preferably, in S2, the special-shaped thin-walled part is inserted into the profiling tooling from top to bottom with the large end opening facing downward until it cannot go down any further. During the insertion process, the inner cavity boss of the special-shaped thin-walled part is placed along the trapezoidal avoidance groove, and the posture of the special-shaped thin-walled part is adjusted to ensure that the inner wall fits the outer curved surface of the profiling tooling without shaking.

[0021] Preferably, in S4, the wall thickness of the skin is measured. If the wall thickness is uniform, a subsequent processing reference is processed on the process block. If the wall thickness is found to be uneven, the parts need to be removed to check the flatness of the inner wall, and the raised parts of the inner wall casting nodules need to be polished and smoothed, and the above steps are repeated until the processing is completed.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) Directly measure whether the skin wall thickness is uniform. If it is uniform, directly process it. If it is uneven, remove the special-shaped thin-walled parts and grind the inner wall. Grind the skin evenly and put it on the profiling tooling again for processing. This will speed up the time to find the wall thickness, improve the efficiency of wall thickness processing, and greatly reduce production costs.

[0024] (2) The parts are positioned through two calibration surfaces, which have a self-positioning function, so that the wall thickness can be aligned in one clamping process, reducing the number of clamping times.

[0025] (3) The staff is required to install the special-shaped thin-walled parts on the profiling tooling. The profiling tooling directly positions the special-shaped thin-walled parts without the need for manual re-positioning, thereby reducing human intervention and improving product quality stability.

[0026] (4) By installing the profiling tooling, the fitting area between the profiling tooling and the special-shaped thin-walled parts accounts for about 46% of the inner wall of the entire special-shaped thin-walled parts, which plays a role in positioning and supporting the special-shaped thin-walled parts, improves the rigidity of the parts, reduces processing vibration, and has the advantages of convenient clamping, fast positioning, good stability, etc., effectively ensuring product quality and improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped thin-walled part of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a special-shaped thin-walled part being sleeved on a profiling tooling in the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1-base; 2-special-shaped thin-walled part; 3-mounting screw; 4-fixing nut; 5-trapezoidal avoidance groove; 6-contoured curved surface body; 7-calibration surface; 8-plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3A profiling tool based on a special-shaped thin-walled part includes a base 1, on which a profiling curved surface body 6 is provided. The outer surface of the profiling curved surface body 6 is in contact with the inner wall skin of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, and is used to firmly support the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, while also playing a profiling positioning role. The upper end surface of the profiling curved surface body 6 is set as a plane 8, so that a certain space is reserved between the profiling tool and the top of the interior of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, which is convenient for the reinforcement of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 later.

[0034] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 Calibration surfaces 7 are provided on both sides of the profiling curved surface body 6 for calibrating the profiling tooling to coincide with the rotation center of the machine tool.

[0035] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 A trapezoidal avoidance groove 5 is provided on the surface of the contoured curved surface body 6, which is used to avoid the protruding structure inside the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, so that the contoured tooling and the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 are more closely fitted.

[0036] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , a locking structure is provided at the upper end of the profiling curved surface body 6; the locking structure includes a mounting screw 3 and a fixing nut 4, the mounting screw 3 is threadedly arranged on the upper end surface of the profiling curved surface body 6, and the fixing nut 4 is threadedly sleeved on the mounting screw 3. First, the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 is sleeved on the profiling tooling, and then the mounting screw 3 is inserted into the inside of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 from the top of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, so that the mounting screw 3 is threadedly connected to the upper end surface of the profiling curved surface body 6, and at the same time, the fixing nut 4 is sleeved on the mounting screw 3 and the fixing nut 4 is pressed against the top of the outside of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, so that the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 is further stabilized on the profiling tooling.

[0037] The operation process of this embodiment is as follows: by putting the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 on the profiling tooling, some protruding structures inside the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 are adapted to the trapezoidal avoidance groove 5, and the fitting area between the profiling tooling and the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 accounts for 46% of the inner wall of the entire special-shaped thin-walled part 2, and then the mounting screw 3 passes through the top of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 and is screwed into the plane 8 at the top of the profiling curved surface body 6, and a fixing nut 4 is sleeved on the mounting screw 3, so that the fixing nut 4 is tightly pressed against the top of the outer side of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, and the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 is fixed on the profiling tooling, which is convenient for subsequent processing, has the advantages of convenient clamping, rapid positioning, good stability, etc., effectively guarantees product quality, and improves production efficiency.

[0038] The preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a processing method based on the profiling tooling of special-shaped thin-walled parts, comprising the following detailed steps:

[0039] S1: Install the profiling tool: Install the profiling tool on the rotary table of the horizontal machining center, calibrate the base 1 so that the base 1 coincides with the center of the rotary table of the horizontal machining center, calibrate the reference surface of the profiling tool and determine the direction, and use a pressure plate to fasten the profiling tool on the rotary table of the horizontal machining center to achieve fixation and positioning of the profiling tool.

[0040] S2: Clamp the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 onto the profiling tooling; put the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 with its large end opening facing downwards, and insert it into the profiling tooling from top to bottom until it cannot go down any further. During the insertion process, the inner cavity boss of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 is placed along the trapezoidal avoidance groove 5, and the posture of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 is adjusted to ensure that the inner wall fits the outer curved surface of the profiling tooling without shaking. The mounting screw 3 passes through the top of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 and is screwed into the plane 8 at the top of the profiling curved surface body 6. At the same time, the fixing nut 4 is sleeved on the mounting screw 3 and screwed into the top of the outside of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 to further stabilize the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 on the profiling tooling;

[0041] The fitting area between the profiling tool and the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 accounts for 46% of the inner wall of the entire special-shaped thin-walled part 2, which not only plays a role in rapid positioning, but also has a supporting effect on the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, improves the rigidity of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2, and reduces processing vibration.

[0042] S3: Based on the profiling tooling, the side of the profiled thin-walled part 2 is processed with accurate positioning and good stability to improve processing accuracy.

[0043] S4: Measure the inner wall of the special-shaped thin-walled part 2 and find the wall thickness: The specific operation of finding the wall thickness is to first measure the skin wall thickness. If the wall thickness is uniform, the subsequent processing benchmark is processed on the process block. If the wall thickness is found to be uneven, the part needs to be removed to check the flatness of the inner wall. After the raised parts of the inner wall casting are polished and smooth, repeat the above steps until the processing is completed. It has the characteristics of convenient clamping, fast positioning, and efficient processing, which effectively guarantees product quality and improves production efficiency.

[0044] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A profiling tool based on special-shaped thin-walled parts, characterized by: The invention comprises a base (1), a contoured curved surface body (6) is provided on the base (1), the outer surface of the contoured curved surface body (6) is fitted with the inner wall skin of the special-shaped thin-walled part (2), calibration surfaces (7) are provided on both sides of the contoured curved surface body (6), and a locking structure is provided at the upper end of the contoured curved surface body (6).

2. A profiling tool for special-shaped thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure comprises a mounting screw (3) and a fixing nut (4); the mounting screw (3) is threadedly inserted into the upper end surface of the contoured curved surface body (6); and the fixing nut (4) is threadedly sleeved on the mounting screw (3).

3. A profiling tool for special-shaped thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A trapezoidal avoidance groove (5) is provided on the surface of the contoured curved surface body (6).

4. A profiling tool for special-shaped thin-walled parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the contoured curved surface body (6) is arranged as a plane (8).

5. A processing method based on the profiling tooling of special-shaped thin-walled parts as described in claims 1-4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Install the profiling tooling: Install the profiling tooling on the rotary table of the horizontal machining center; S2: Clamping the special-shaped thin-walled part (2) onto the profiling tooling; S3: Based on the profiling tooling, the outer surface of the special-shaped thin-walled part (2) is processed; S4: Measuring special-shaped thin-walled parts (2) Inner wall: Find the wall thickness.

6. A processing method based on a profiling tool for special-shaped thin-walled parts as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In S1, the base (1) is calibrated so that the base (1) coincides with the center of the rotary table of the horizontal machining center, the reference surface of the profiling tool is calibrated and the direction is determined, and the profiling tool is fastened.

7. A profiling tool and processing method based on special-shaped thin-walled parts as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The profiling tooling is fastened to the rotary table of the horizontal machining center by means of a pressure plate.

8. A processing method based on a profiling tool for special-shaped thin-walled parts as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S2, the special-shaped thin-walled part (2) is inserted into the profiling tool from top to bottom with the large end opening facing downward until it cannot be inserted further downward. During the insertion process, the inner cavity boss of the special-shaped thin-walled part (2) is aligned along the trapezoidal avoidance groove (5), and the posture of the special-shaped thin-walled part (2) is adjusted to ensure that the inner wall fits the outer curved surface of the profiling tool without shaking.

9. A processing method based on a profiling tool for special-shaped thin-walled parts as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In S4, the skin wall thickness is measured. If the wall thickness is uniform, a subsequent processing reference is processed on the process block. If the wall thickness is found to be uneven, the parts need to be removed to check the flatness of the inner wall, and the raised parts of the inner wall casting nodules are polished and smoothed, and the above steps are repeated until the processing is completed.

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