Automatic buoyancy adjusting system and method for floating type fan platform

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of offshore floating type wind power, in particular to an automatic buoyancy adjusting system and method for a floating type draught fan platform, the adjusting system comprises a buoyancy device which is fixedly installed on a stand column or a buoyancy box, the buoyancy device comprises a semi-flexible shell, and at least one air bag is arranged in the semi-flexible shell; the volume of the air bag is determined through the following steps that S1, real-time motion data and environment data of the floating type draught fan platform are obtained; and S2, whether the current posture of the floating type fan platform is stable or not is evaluated by analyzing the real-time motion data and the environment data, and if not, the size of an air bag is adjusted by inflating and deflating. By arranging the buoyancy device, buoyancy can be flexibly adjusted according to sea conditions, heaving, trim and rolling motions of the floating fan platform under the action of waves, wind loads and ocean currents are remarkably reduced, the platform can adapt to rapid changes of the sea conditions in a short time, and impact of stormy waves on the platform is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of offshore floating wind power, and in particular to an automatic buoyancy adjustment system and an adjustment method for a floating wind turbine platform. Background Art

[0002] As offshore wind power gradually develops towards deep sea areas, traditional fixed wind turbine platforms are difficult to apply in deep water environments. Therefore, floating wind turbine platforms have become an important direction for the development of offshore wind power. The design of floating platforms needs to consider the impact of waves, wind and currents under harsh sea conditions, and the stability and anti-capsulation ability of the platform are one of the core challenges.

[0003] In order to enhance the stability of floating wind turbine platforms, traditional designs usually adopt methods such as increasing the volume of the pontoon and increasing the diameter of the columns. However, such solutions significantly increase the amount of materials used, resulting in increased construction and maintenance costs. In addition, rigid structures have poor adaptability in complex sea conditions and cannot cope with rapid changes and sudden loads caused by wind and waves.

[0004] One solution is to build a dynamic ballast water adjustment system, which adds an adjustable ballast water tank inside the floating body to change the center of gravity. By properly adding ballast water, the inclination and floating state of the platform can be effectively adjusted. However, the dynamic ballast system involves a large number of mechanical equipment and hydraulic pipelines, and the construction and maintenance costs are high. The dynamic ballast system adjusts the floating state of the platform by injecting or draining water, and usually has a slow response speed and is difficult to cope with complex and changing sea conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the dynamic ballast water regulation system in the prior art, which has a relatively slow response speed and is difficult to cope with complex and changeable sea conditions. An automatic buoyancy adjustment system and adjustment method for a floating wind turbine platform is provided. By designing an inflatable air bag internally to dynamically adjust the buoyancy, the buoyancy and stability can be flexibly adjusted according to the sea conditions, the response speed is fast, the influence of the wave heave and sway on the platform is reduced, and the operation reliability and adaptability of the floating wind turbine platform are further improved.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a buoyancy automatic adjustment system for a floating wind turbine platform, comprising:

[0007] Buoyancy device, fixedly mounted on a column or pontoon,

[0008] The buoyancy device comprises a semi-flexible shell, wherein at least one air bag is arranged in the semi-flexible shell, and the volume of the air bag is determined by the following steps:

[0009] S1: Obtain real-time motion data and environmental data of the floating wind turbine platform;

[0010] S2: By analyzing the real-time motion data and environmental data, assess whether the current posture of the floating wind turbine platform is stable. If it is unstable, adjust the volume of the airbag by inflating and deflating air.

[0011]

[0012] Where ΔV is the change in the volume of the airbag, ΔV 0 is the initial airbag volume, K i is the control gain, x i is real-time motion data, n i is the nonlinear index, F c is the feedback correction value.

[0013] Preferably, it includes:

[0014] at least one motion sensor, used to obtain real-time motion data of the floating wind turbine platform;

[0015] At least one controller is used to control the inflation and deflation of the airbag.

[0016] Preferably, it includes:

[0017] at least one pressure sensor, the pressure sensor being used to collect the internal pressure of the airbag;

[0018] at least one valve, disposed on the buoyancy device, for inflating and deflation;

[0019] At least one air compressor is used to replenish gas to the air bag.

[0020] Preferably, the buoyancy device is fixedly mounted on the lower part, upper part, side part or periphery of the column or buoyancy box.

[0021] Preferably, the buoyancy device is a cylindrical structure, and the buoyancy device is arranged around the periphery of the column.

[0022] Preferably, the buoyancy device is fixedly mounted on the column or the buoyancy box via a rigid bracket.

[0023] Preferably, the buoyancy device is hinged to the column or buoyancy box via a rigid bracket.

[0024] Preferably, the semi-flexible shell is made of polyurethane composite material or aramid fiber reinforced material.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for automatically adjusting the buoyancy of a floating wind turbine platform, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1: Obtain real-time motion data and environmental data of the floating wind turbine platform;

[0027] S2: By analyzing the real-time motion data and environmental data, assess whether the current posture of the floating wind turbine platform is stable. If it is unstable, adjust the volume of the airbag by inflating and deflating air.

[0028]

[0029] Where ΔV is the change in the volume of the airbag, ΔV 0 is the initial airbag volume, K i is the control gain, x i is the floating body motion parameter, n i is the nonlinear index F c is the feedback correction value.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a construction method of an automatic buoyancy adjustment system for a floating wind turbine platform, comprising the following steps:

[0031] A1: prefabricate the buoyancy device;

[0032] A2: The buoyancy device is fixedly mounted on the column or buoyancy box;

[0033] A3: Perform airtightness check and inflate.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present invention can flexibly adjust the buoyancy according to the sea conditions by setting the buoyancy device, significantly reducing the heave, pitch and roll motion of the floating wind turbine platform under the action of waves, wind loads and currents. Compared with the slow response of the dynamic ballast system to adjust the buoyancy of the ballast tank by pumping water, the airbag system of the buoyancy device can more efficiently respond to sudden changes in the marine environment, allowing the platform to adapt to rapid changes in sea conditions in a short time and reduce the impact of wind and waves on the platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram (three-dimensional diagram) of the installation of a buoyancy device described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a buoyancy device described in Example 1 of the present invention (front view).

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a buoyancy device described in Example 1 of the present invention (side view).

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram (three-dimensional diagram) of the installation of a buoyancy device described in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a buoyancy device described in Example 2 of the present invention (side view).

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram (three-dimensional diagram) of the installation of a buoyancy device described in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a buoyancy device described in Example 4 of the present invention (front view).

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram (side view) of a buoyancy device described in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a buoyancy device described in Example 5 of the present invention (front view).

[0045] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram (side view) of a buoyancy device described in Example 5 of the present invention.

[0046] Markings in the figure:

[0047] 1-column, 2-floating box, 3-buoyancy device, 31-semi-flexible shell, 32-air bag, 33-rigid bracket, 34-bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0049] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all based on the expression of the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0051] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0052] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0053] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The main structures of floating wind turbine platforms include semi-submersible, single-column or tension leg platform (TLP) and other forms, and their function is to provide buoyancy to support the entire wind turbine foundation. The superstructure includes the wind turbine tower, blades, hub, nacelle generator set, etc. Depending on the structural form, the platform components may include columns 1, pontoons 2, heave plates, connecting rods, etc. Column 1 is the supporting structure of the floating platform and is connected to the superstructure of the platform. The pontoon 2 is located under the floating platform. The pontoon 2 is used to provide buoyancy and lower the center of gravity of the structure. Cabins can be set in the pontoon 2 and the column 1, and the center of gravity of the structure can be adjusted by adjusting the ballast (seawater or solid ballast).

[0056] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic buoyancy adjustment system for a floating wind turbine platform, including a buoyancy device 3, at least one motion sensor, and at least one controller. The buoyancy device 3 is used to adjust the buoyancy of the floating wind turbine platform, the motion sensor is used to obtain real-time motion data of the floating wind turbine platform, and the controller is used to control the buoyancy device 3 to inflate and deflate.

[0057] Furthermore, the buoyancy device 3 includes a semi-flexible shell 31 and at least one air bag 32 . The semi-flexible shell 31 is fixedly mounted on the column 1 or the pontoon 2 of the wind turbine platform, and the at least one air bag 32 is placed in the semi-flexible shell 31 .

[0058] The semi-flexible shell 31 can provide mechanical protection for the airbag 32, reducing damage to the airbag 32 caused by external impact, scratches or attachment of marine organisms. The semi-flexible shell 31 is made of semi-flexible material, allowing it to expand or contract when the airbag 32 is inflated or deflated. In a preferred embodiment, the semi-flexible shell 31 can be designed as a modular structure to facilitate installation and maintenance. In an optional embodiment, the semi-flexible shell 31 can be made of polyurethane (PU) composite materials and aramid fiber reinforced materials, which have good corrosion resistance, strong rigidity, tensile strength and light weight, are suitable for large-area applications, and are easy to form. In the case of high strength and high corrosion resistance requirements, titanium alloy or aluminum alloy or glass fiber reinforced plastic can be used in key parts of the semi-flexible shell 31 of the buoyancy device 3 to enhance its structural rigidity.

[0059] One or more airbags 32 are arranged in the semi-flexible shell 31. The airbags 32 can be made of a synthetic fiber material polyurethane coated fabric that is resistant to seawater corrosion. Such materials have good corrosion resistance and elasticity and can maintain air tightness for a long time. In addition, materials such as chloroprene rubber can also be used.

[0060] The volume of the airbag 32 is determined by the following steps:

[0061] S1: Acquire real-time motion data and environmental data of the floating wind turbine platform; real-time motion data usually includes the following information: platform six-degree-of-freedom motion information, namely, heave, pitch, sway, sway, roll, and bow pitch; platform acceleration, such as sway and heave acceleration; environmental data usually includes the following information: wind speed, wind direction, wave height, flow rate, etc.

[0062] S2: By analyzing the real-time motion data and environmental data, assess whether the current posture of the floating wind turbine platform is stable. If it is unstable, adjust the volume of the airbag 32 by inflating and deflating air.

[0063]

[0064] Where ΔV is the change in the volume of the airbag, ΔV 0 is the initial airbag volume, K i is the control gain, which indicates the influence of each motion data change on the airbag volume change, x i is real-time motion data, n i is a nonlinear index used to adjust the system’s response strength to different motion data. c is the feedback correction value.

[0065] The buoyancy device 3 is adjusted by inflating and deflating the airbag 32, thereby changing the internal pressure and volume of the airbag 32 and adjusting the total buoyancy of the float. The goal of buoyancy adjustment is to maintain the stability of the platform or restore balance. The adjustment of the buoyancy of the airbag can be controlled in combination with the platform's motion state and environmental conditions. Through real-time monitoring and optimization algorithms, the optimal inflation and deflation strategy is automatically generated. By adjusting the internal air pressure and volume V of the airbag 32, the buoyancy change of the float can be accurately controlled. A simple example is used to illustrate how to calculate and analyze the process of adjusting the buoyancy of the airbag:

[0066] Example: When the platform roll angle exceeds the threshold, assuming that the platform needs to restore the safe posture through buoyancy adjustment, the following situation is now: the platform roll angle φ = 7° (exceeding the threshold of 5°), the platform is tilted to the right, and the right airbag needs to increase buoyancy to reduce the roll angle. Total platform weight: W = 10 6 N; righting arm: GM = 5m; distance from buoyancy point: L = 10m; current roll angle: φ 1 =7°; target roll angle: φ 2 =5°; airbag length: l 0 =20m, airbag radius: r=1m.

[0067] Calculate the required buoyancy difference ΔF b

[0068]

[0069] This buoyancy difference can be achieved by inflating one airbag or exhausting the other airbag. Open the air inlet valve of the right airbag, start the compressor, and inflate to the target volume.

[0070] Calculate the volume of the airbag that needs to be inflated:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, ρ w is the water density; g is the gravitational acceleration

[0073] Original volume of airbag:

[0074] V 0 =πr2 l 0 =π(1.0) 2 ×20≈62.83m 3

[0075] Adjust the rear airbag volume:

[0076] V 1 =V 0 +ΔV≈62.83+1.73=64.56m 3

[0077] Calculate the radius of the airbag after inflation:

[0078] Assuming that the cross-sectional area of ​​the airbag remains circular and its length remains unchanged after inflation, the radius of the airbag becomes 1.014m.

[0079]

[0080] The principles for selecting the airbag 32 are as follows: (1) The strength and pressure retention of a single airbag 32 are good, and can meet the requirements of long-term offshore operations without damage; (2) The total buoyancy provided by the airbag 32 is greater than the rigid support and the airbag's own gravity, and sufficient buoyancy can be reserved for inflation and deflation to adjust the overall buoyancy of the structure; (3) The size of the airbag 32 is suitable for installation on the outside of the floating platform, and the size should not be too large. Otherwise, the wave force and water flow force on the structure will be significantly increased, which is not conducive to the stability of the floating platform. At the same time, the local load of the rigid support is large, increasing the risk of damage.

[0081] The shape of the airbag 32 can be flat, wedge-shaped, spherical, cylindrical, etc. Preferably, the airbag 32 is a cylindrical airbag with a diameter of 0.8 to 2.0 m and a length of 5 to 20 m. It is arranged around the floating body and can withstand greater internal pressure. At the same time, after expansion, it increases the underwater volume of the floating body and improves buoyancy.

[0082] The size of the airbag 32 should be designed according to the displacement of the float and the required buoyancy. Generally speaking, the larger the volume of each airbag 32, the greater the buoyancy it can provide, but this will also increase the complexity of the structure and the inflation time of the airbag 32. The airbag 32 is selected according to the needs of the actual project, and then the diameter and length of the airbag 32 are selected according to the required buoyancy. In addition, the transportation, on-site installation, and disassembly of the airbag 32 need to be considered. Taking an airbag monomer with a diameter of 2m and a length of 20m as an example, the flexible airbag 32 weighs about 1t and can provide a net buoyancy of about 60t.

[0083] In one or several embodiments, the automatic adjustment system further includes at least one pressure sensor for collecting the internal pressure of the airbag 32; at least one valve provided on the buoyancy device 3 for inflating and deflating air; and at least one air compressor for replenishing gas to the airbag 32.

[0084] Initial inflation: The airbag 32 of the buoyancy device 3 can be initially inflated by an air compressor or the like before installation to ensure that it reaches the buoyancy volume required by the design. Before the buoyancy device 3 is installed on the column 1 / floating tank 2, a certain proportion of gas can be pre-filled to avoid adding unnecessary load during installation.

[0085] Automatic adjustment system: According to the sea conditions and the load conditions of the platform, the internal pressure of the buoyancy device 3 is monitored in real time through the pressure sensor. When insufficient buoyancy is detected, the automatic air compressor can add gas to the air bag 32 to keep the buoyancy constant. The system is also equipped with a safety valve to automatically release the pressure when the air pressure is too high. Two air valves can be set on the surface of the buoyancy device. The air valves should use corrosion-resistant metals (such as stainless steel or copper) or anti-corrosion coatings to ensure that they will not fail after long-term exposure to seawater.

[0086] When there are the following typical working conditions, it is necessary to consider adjusting the buoyancy device 3:

[0087] 1. When the motion data of the platform exceeds the safety threshold, especially under strong winds, wave impact or asymmetric loads, the airbags 32 need to be inflated and deflated to adjust the buoyancy and restore the balance of the platform.

[0088] 2. When the floating platform needs to be repaired, the air compressor is started to inflate the airbag 32 to increase the buoyancy and make the floating platform rise, so as to facilitate the maintenance ships and personnel to inspect the underwater part of the floating platform.

[0089] 3. When it is detected that the floating platform is damaged and the buoyancy is insufficient, the automatic air compressor can add gas to the air bag 32 to keep the buoyancy constant.

[0090] 4. When the equipment or load on the platform changes, resulting in a local tilt or a change in draft, it is necessary to adjust the buoyancy of the airbag 32 to adapt to the new load distribution and ensure the balance of the platform.

[0091] 5. When encountering a sudden typhoon or extreme weather, you can choose to lower the height of the platform to reduce the force area affected by the storm. At this time, open the air valve to discharge part of the gas in the airbag 32, so that the floating platform descends to a safe height and reduces the impact of environmental loads.

[0092] This embodiment proposes an automatic buoyancy adjustment system, which constructs a buoyancy device through lightweight composite materials and designs an inflatable airbag inside to dynamically adjust the buoyancy. This design enables the platform to flexibly adjust the buoyancy and stability according to the sea conditions, with a fast response speed, reducing the impact of wave heave and sway on the platform, and further improving the operational reliability and adaptability of the floating wind turbine platform. The system not only effectively optimizes the overall buoyancy distribution of the floating wind turbine platform, but also reduces the difficulty of construction and maintenance by reducing the weight of materials and modular design, thereby improving the economy and operability of the offshore wind power platform.

[0093] Connection method of the buoyancy device 3 and the floating platform:

[0094] The buoyancy device 3 is installed on the lower, upper, side or peripheral part of the column 1 or the pontoon 2 of the floating platform through a rigid bracket 33, bolt connection or welding connection. In this embodiment, the buoyancy device 3 is installed on the lower part of the pontoon 2 through a rigid bracket 33, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 Depending on the wave height and the draft of the buoy, the airbag 32 may be partially below the water surface or completely submerged.

[0095] The number of buoyancy devices may be one or more. In this embodiment, a buoyancy device 3 is provided under each buoyancy box 2. The rigid bracket 33 connected to the buoyancy box 2 is used as an example for explanation:

[0096] Bolt 34 is connected to the rigid support 33 and the pontoon 2. A flange interface is designed and connected using anti-corrosion bolts 34. The design of the flange needs to ensure sealing to prevent the connection from being loosened due to water impact. The material of bolt 34 can be stainless steel (316L or higher grade) or high-strength alloy. For some metal or composite materials, the rigid support 33 and the pontoon 2 can be fixed by welding. This method is suitable for situations where frequent disassembly is not required, but the welding parts need to be well protected against corrosion. The connection between the buoyancy device 3 and the rigid support 33 can be rigid or hinged, preferably hinged. The hinged connection allows the buoyancy device 3 to rotate or swing relative to the rigid support 33 to a certain extent, so that it can flexibly adjust its position and angle when the wave impacts or the platform is subjected to force changes. The hinge provides sufficient freedom of movement, so that the buoyancy device 3 can adapt to changes in wave direction and force, thereby achieving better stability and energy dissipation effect. The hinged design can provide greater flexibility in the case of wave and platform movement, and reduce fatigue damage caused by repeated loads.

[0097] The buoyancy device 3 maintains a certain floatability when fixed by the rigid bracket 33. This connection mode allows the buoyancy device 3 to produce a certain elastic displacement under the action of waves and currents, reducing the stress of the rigid connection on the overall structure of the platform. This design can also allow the buoyancy device 3 to have a certain adjustment space when subjected to force, buffering the instantaneous impact caused by sea conditions.

[0098] The air bag 32 inside the buoyancy device 3 can be connected to the air compressor on the upper part of the floating platform through the PVC pipe inside the rigid bracket 33. At least a plurality of air bags 32 can be arranged inside the buoyancy device 3, such as Figure 2 As shown, the air inlet valves and the air outlet valves of all the air bags 32 are connected by pipelines and combined into two air valves on the surface of the buoyancy device 3 .

[0099] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0100] (1) Enhance the platform’s dynamic stability and environmental adaptability

[0101] The automatic buoyancy adjustment system can flexibly adjust the buoyancy according to the sea conditions, significantly reducing the heave, pitch and roll motion of the floating wind turbine platform under the action of waves, wind loads and currents. This dynamic adjustment mechanism effectively improves the stability of the platform, especially in severe sea conditions, the platform's inclination angle and dynamic response are reduced, thereby improving the operating efficiency and safety of the wind turbine. The inflation and exhaust of the airbag can achieve rapid adjustment of the buoyancy, allowing the platform to adapt to rapid changes in sea conditions in a short time. Compared with the slow response of the dynamic ballast system to adjust the buoyancy of the ballast tank by pumping water, the airbag system of the buoyancy device can more efficiently respond to sudden changes in the marine environment and reduce the impact of wind and waves on the platform.

[0102] (2) Reduce the structural deadweight of the platform

[0103] The buoyancy device is made of lightweight composite materials, avoiding the weight burden of increasing buoyancy by adding pontoons or ballast tanks in traditional designs. Compared with the dynamically adjusted ballast system, this system greatly reduces the weight of the platform, helps reduce construction and transportation costs, and reduces stress on the floating structure.

[0104] (3) Improve the economy and flexibility of the platform

[0105] The buoyancy automatic adjustment system has a modular design, and the number of buoyancy devices and the size of airbags can be adjusted according to actual needs, so as to flexibly adapt to different working conditions. This not only reduces the cost of materials and construction, but also can be reused in different sea areas, with high economy and flexibility. Compared with the complex dynamic ballast system, the buoyancy device has a simple structure, mainly composed of airbags and lightweight composite materials, which reduces the complex maintenance requirements of mechanical parts such as water pumps and pipes. The buoyancy device material has strong corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, which reduces the maintenance cost of the platform in long-term operation.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that Figure 4-Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, three buoyancy devices 3 are respectively arranged under each buoyancy box 2, and each buoyancy device 3 is respectively connected to the buoyancy box 2 through a rigid bracket 33. Therefore, the buoyancy device 3 can be arranged as a modular structure. In practical applications, by adjusting the number of buoyancy devices 3, it can be applied to different platform structures and flexibly adapt to different working conditions.

[0108] Example 3

[0109] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a buoyancy device 3 is provided at the center of the buoyancy box 2, and the buoyancy device 3 is a cylindrical structure.

[0110] Example 4

[0111] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of air bags 32 are arranged around the periphery of the pontoon 2 of the floating platform, and the plurality of air bags 32 are evenly spaced around the circumference of the pontoon 2 .

[0112] Example 5

[0113] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that Figure 9-10 As shown, a plurality of air bags 32 are arranged around the periphery of the column 1 of the floating platform, and the plurality of air bags 32 are evenly spaced around the circumference of the pontoon 2, which can effectively avoid the influence of poor stability caused by too low a center of buoyancy.

[0114] Example 6

[0115] A method for automatically adjusting the buoyancy of a floating wind turbine platform, using an automatic buoyancy adjustment system for a floating wind turbine platform as described in any one of embodiments 1-5, comprises the following steps:

[0116] S1: Obtain real-time motion data and environmental data of the floating wind turbine platform;

[0117] S2: By analyzing the real-time motion data and environmental data, assess whether the current posture of the floating wind turbine platform is stable. If it is unstable, adjust the volume of the airbag by inflating and deflating air.

[0118]

[0119] Where ΔV is the change in the volume of the airbag, ΔV 0 is the initial airbag volume, K i is the control gain, x i is the floating body motion parameter, n i is the nonlinear index F c is the feedback correction value.

[0120] Example 7

[0121] A construction method of an automatic buoyancy adjustment system for a floating wind turbine platform, used for constructing an automatic buoyancy adjustment system for a floating wind turbine platform as described in any one of Embodiments 1-5, comprises the following steps:

[0122] A1: Prefabricate the buoyancy device: The buoyancy device is prefabricated in the manufacturing plant, and lightweight composite materials are selected as the main structural materials of the buoyancy device, and corrosion-resistant synthetic rubber or fiber materials are selected as the manufacturing materials of the airbag. Each part of the buoyancy device is molded according to the designed modular structure. This includes the molding of the outer shell, the embedding of the airbag, the processing of the connection interface, etc.

[0123] A2: Fix the buoyancy device to the column or pontoon: At the construction site, measure the bottom of the pontoon and locate the installation area of ​​the buoyancy device to ensure that the installation position of the buoyancy device is consistent with the design. Securely install the buoyancy device on the bottom structure of the pontoon through bolt connection or flexible connection. Ensure that all connection points are firm during connection and perform anti-corrosion treatment on the bolts. Connect the airbag inside the buoyancy device to the inflation device and install relevant pipes and valves to ensure that the airbag can be inflated or deflated later.

[0124] A3: Perform air tightness check and inflation: After the airbag system is inspected and qualified, perform the initial inflation. According to the design requirements, fill the gas appropriately so that the buoyancy device has a certain buoyancy at the initial installation stage to ensure that the overall buoyancy of the platform meets expectations. After the platform is launched, the actual effect of the buoyancy device is evaluated by real-time monitoring of the buoyancy, buoyancy and dynamic response. According to the test results, further adjust the airbag pressure in the buoyancy device to optimize the buoyancy and stability of the platform.

[0125] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic buoyancy adjustment system for a floating wind turbine platform, characterized in that: include Buoyancy device, fixedly mounted on a column or pontoon, The buoyancy device comprises a semi-flexible shell, wherein at least one air bag is arranged in the semi-flexible shell, and the volume of the air bag is determined by the following steps: S1: Obtain real-time motion data and environmental data of the floating wind turbine platform; S2: By analyzing the real-time motion data and environmental data, assess whether the current posture of the floating wind turbine platform is stable. If it is unstable, adjust the volume of the airbag by inflating and deflating air. Where ΔV is the change in the airbag volume, ΔV0 is the initial airbag volume, and K i is the control gain, x i is real-time motion data, n i is the nonlinear index, F c is the feedback correction value.

2. The automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: at least one motion sensor, used to obtain real-time motion data of the floating wind turbine platform; At least one controller is used to control the inflation and deflation of the airbag.

3. The automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform according to claim 2 is characterized in that: include: at least one pressure sensor, the pressure sensor being used to collect the internal pressure of the airbag; at least one valve, disposed on the buoyancy device, for inflating and deflation; At least one air compressor is used to replenish gas to the air bag.

4. The automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy device is fixedly installed on the lower part, upper part, side part or periphery of the column or the buoyancy box.

5. The automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buoyancy device is a cylindrical structure and is arranged around the periphery of the column.

6. The automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy device is fixedly mounted on the column or the buoyancy box through a rigid bracket.

7. The automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buoyancy device is hinged to the column or the buoyancy box through a rigid bracket.

8. The automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The semi-flexible shell is made of polyurethane composite material or aramid fiber reinforced material.

9. A method for automatically adjusting the buoyancy of a floating wind turbine platform, characterized in that: The automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1: Obtain real-time motion data and environmental data of the floating wind turbine platform; S2: By analyzing the real-time motion data and environmental data, assess whether the current posture of the floating wind turbine platform is stable. If it is unstable, adjust the volume of the airbag by inflating and deflating air. Where ΔV is the change in the airbag volume, ΔV0 is the initial airbag volume, and K i is the control gain, x i is the motion parameter of the floating body, n i is the nonlinear index F c is the feedback correction value.

10. A construction method for an automatic buoyancy adjustment system of a floating wind turbine platform, characterized in that: Used for constructing an automatic buoyancy adjustment system for a floating wind turbine platform as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, The following steps are involved: A1: prefabricate the buoyancy device; A2: The buoyancy device is fixedly mounted on the column or buoyancy box; A3: Perform airtightness check and inflate.

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