Novel elastic sheet self-adjusting steam-tight steam sealing equipment convenient to operate

Abstract

The invention discloses novel elastic sheet self-adjusting steam-tight steam sealing equipment convenient to operate, and relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering. A novel elastic piece self-adjusting steam-tight steam sealing device convenient to operate comprises a steam sealing body, a first cooling fin and a second cooling fin, a plurality of vortex cavities are formed in the lower end of the steam sealing body, and a plurality of airflow inlets are formed in the lower end of the steam sealing body; by means of pressure generated on the spring sheet when steam of main steam flow of a steam turbine enters the vortex cavity through the air flow inlet, the gap between the spring sheet and the rotor is reduced, small gap or even gap is achieved, but the rotor is not damaged, and jet flow in a diffusion state impacts the elastic piece. When the air seal body runs for a long time, the elastic piece can be attached to the inclined tooth face on the spring sheet so that steam can flow into the vortex cavity, more steam is guided into the vortex cavity, the steam blocking effect is improved, meanwhile, it is avoided that after the air seal body runs for a long time, a gap is possibly enlarged due to abrasion, and meanwhile the efficiency of a steam turbine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering, and in particular to a novel spring-piece self-adjusting steam-tight steam-sealing device which is easy to operate. Background Art

[0002] The spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight seal device is a sealing technology used in steam turbines. Its main function is to reduce or prevent steam leakage between the turbine rotor and stator, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the turbine.

[0003] Among them, during the operation of the steam turbine, the steam seal equipment plays a vital role. Its main function is to prevent the high-pressure steam from leaking too quickly, reduce energy loss, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the steam turbine. The springs are usually made of high-temperature resistant and high-strength materials, which can maintain stability and elasticity under high temperature and high pressure environments. At the same time, the pressure response when the steam turbine is running, the main steam flow steam produces pressure on the springs, causing the springs to move toward the rotor, thereby reducing the gap, or even reaching an almost gapless state.

[0004] Existing steam seal equipment usually has a certain gap. Although this gap is very small, in a high-speed rotating steam turbine, this tiny gap will also cause a large steam leakage, affecting the efficiency of the steam turbine. At the same time, such a design is difficult to achieve precise gap control, especially in a high-temperature, high-pressure and high-speed rotating working environment. As a result, the gap of the steam seal may increase due to wear after a long period of operation, increasing steam leakage and reducing the efficiency of the steam turbine. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a new type of spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam seal device that is easy to operate, which can solve the problem that a tiny gap can also cause a large steam leakage, affecting the efficiency of the steam turbine. At the same time, such a design is difficult to achieve precise gap control, especially in a working environment of high temperature, high pressure and high-speed rotation, which can cause the gap of the steam seal to increase due to wear after a long period of operation, increase steam leakage, and reduce the efficiency of the steam turbine.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a novel spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam-sealing device that is easy to operate, comprising a gas-sealing body, a first heat sink and a second heat sink, a plurality of vortex chambers are opened at the lower end of the gas-sealing body, a plurality of airflow inlets are opened at the lower end of the gas-sealing body, the interiors of the plurality of airflow inlets are respectively communicated with the interiors of the corresponding vortex chambers, a plurality of airflow outlets are opened at the lower end of the gas-sealing body, the interiors of the plurality of airflow outlets are respectively communicated with the interiors of the corresponding vortex chambers;

[0007] Among them, a plurality of dovetail grooves for embedding reeds are opened inside the lower end of the gas seal body, and dovetail pressure blocks are installed inside the plurality of dovetail grooves for embedding reeds. A plurality of spring thin sheets are installed at the lower end of the gas seal body, and one end of the plurality of spring thin sheets close to the dovetail pressure blocks is fixed and extends to the inside of the dovetail grooves for embedding reeds. The outer walls of the lower ends of the plurality of dovetail pressure blocks are respectively in contact with the outer walls of the corresponding spring thin sheets, and the outer walls on one side of the plurality of spring thin sheets are all provided with spring supporting back teeth.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the first heat sink contacts the outer wall of the upper left end of the gas sealing body;

[0009] The outer wall of the second heat sink is in contact with the outer wall of the upper right end of the gas sealing body.

[0010] Preferably, the raised outer wall on the first heat sink is slidably connected to the inside of the groove at the upper end of the left side of the gas seal body;

[0011] Among them, six second bolt grooves are opened in the grooves on the left and right sides of the upper end of the gas seal body.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the first heat sink is provided with six first bolt grooves;

[0013] The positions of the six first bolt grooves are respectively opposite to the inner parts of the corresponding second bolt grooves, and the outer wall of one side of the second heat sink is provided with the same six first bolt grooves.

[0014] Preferably, the twelve first bolt grooves are arranged in groups of six;

[0015] Twelve bolt teeth are arranged on the gas seal body, and the twelve bolt teeth are arranged in a group of six. The outer walls of one end of the two groups of bolt teeth are fixedly connected with the bolt tops;

[0016] Among them, the bolt top and the bolt teeth constitute the bolt.

[0017] Preferably, the outer walls of the two groups of bolt teeth are respectively connected to the internal threads of the corresponding first bolt grooves;

[0018] Wherein, one end of the two groups of bolt teeth close to the second bolt groove is threadedly extended to the outside of the first heat sink and the second heat sink and is respectively connected with the internal threads of the corresponding second bolt groove.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This new type of easy-to-operate spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam seal equipment uses the pressure exerted on the spring sheet when the main steam flow of the steam turbine enters the vortex chamber through the air flow inlet to reduce the gap between the spring sheet and the rotor to a small gap or even zero gap, but will not damage the rotor. When the jet in a diffused state hits the spring sheet, the spring sheet will follow the inclined tooth surface on the spring sheet and flow into the vortex chamber, introducing more steam into the vortex chamber, thereby improving the steam blocking effect and avoiding the increase in the gap of the gas seal body due to wear after long-term operation, thereby improving the efficiency of the steam turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exterior of the first heat sink of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the first heat sink of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exterior of the second heat sink of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer portion of the bolt thread of the present invention.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1. air seal body; 2. first heat sink; 3. vortex chamber; 4. spring sheet; 5. dovetail pressure block; 6. spring support back tooth; 7. air flow outlet; 8. air flow inlet; 9. bolt top; 10. bolt tooth; 11. first bolt groove; 12. second heat sink; 13. spring embedded dovetail groove; 14. second bolt groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0032] See also Figure 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a new type of spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam sealing device that is easy to operate, comprising a gas sealing body 1, a first heat sink 2 and a second heat sink 12;

[0033] A plurality of vortex chambers 3 are provided at the lower end of the gas seal main body 1, a plurality of air flow inlets 8 are provided at the lower end of the gas seal main body 1, the interiors of the plurality of air flow inlets 8 are respectively communicated with the interiors of the corresponding vortex chambers 3, a plurality of air flow outlets 7 are provided at the lower end of the gas seal main body 1, the interiors of the plurality of air flow outlets 7 are respectively communicated with the interiors of the corresponding vortex chambers 3, a plurality of reed-embedded dovetail grooves 13 are provided at the lower end of the gas seal main body 1, a dovetail pressure block 5 is installed inside the plurality of reed-embedded dovetail grooves 13, a plurality of spring sheets 4 are installed at the lower end of the gas seal main body 1, one end of the plurality of spring sheets 4 close to the dovetail pressure block 5 is fixedly extended to the interior of the reed-embedded dovetail groove 13, the lower end outer walls of the plurality of dovetail pressure blocks 5 are respectively in contact with the outer walls of the corresponding spring sheets 4, and a spring supporting back tooth 6 is provided on one side outer wall of the plurality of spring sheets 4.

[0034] Among them, the outer wall of the first heat sink 2 is in contact with the outer wall of the upper left end of the gas seal body 1, the outer wall of the second heat sink 12 is in contact with the outer wall of the upper right end of the gas seal body 1, the raised outer wall on the first heat sink 2 is slidably connected with the inner groove of the upper left end of the gas seal body 1, six second bolt grooves 14 are provided in the grooves on both sides of the upper end of the gas seal body 1, the outer wall of the first heat sink 2 is provided with six first bolt grooves 11, and the positions of the six first bolt grooves 11 are respectively opposite to the inner parts of the corresponding second bolt grooves 14, and the outer wall on one side of the second heat sink 12 is provided with the same six first bolt grooves 11, twelve first bolt grooves 11 are grouped into six, twelve bolt teeth 10 are arranged on the air seal body 1, and the twelve bolt teeth 10 are grouped into six, and the outer walls of one end of the two groups of bolt teeth 10 are fixedly connected with the bolt top 9, and the bolt top 9 and the bolt teeth 10 form a bolt, and the outer walls of the two groups of bolt teeth 10 are respectively connected with the internal threads of the corresponding first bolt grooves 11, and the ends of the two groups of bolt teeth 10 close to the second bolt groove 14 are threadedly extended to the outside of the first heat sink 2 and the second heat sink 12 and are respectively connected with the internal threads of the corresponding second bolt grooves 14.

[0035] The pressure exerted on the spring sheet 4 by the main steam flow of the steam turbine when it enters the vortex chamber 3 through the airflow inlet 8 can reduce the gap between the spring sheet 4 and the rotor to a small gap or even zero gap, but will not damage the rotor. When the jet in the diffusion state hits the spring sheet, the spring sheet will follow the inclined tooth surface on the spring sheet 4 and flow into the vortex chamber 3, introducing more steam into the vortex chamber 3, thereby improving the steam blocking effect, and at the same time avoiding the increase in the gap due to wear of the gas seal body 1 after long-term operation, and at the same time improving the efficiency of the steam turbine. The first heat sink 2 and the second heat sink 12 are installed on the gas seal body 1 with the bolts composed of the bolt top 9 and the bolt tooth 10, so that the first heat sink 2 and the second heat sink 12 are in good contact with the gas seal body 1, and at the same time, the first heat sink 2 and the second heat sink 12 transfer heat from the gas seal body 1 to the external environment by conduction, convection and radiation, thereby helping to increase the heat exchange efficiency.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] refer to Figure 1 : The pressure exerted on the spring sheet 4 by the main steam flow of the steam turbine entering the vortex chamber 3 through the airflow inlet 8 can reduce the gap between the spring sheet 4 and the rotor to a small gap or even zero gap, but will not damage the rotor. When the jet in the diffusion state hits the spring sheet, the spring sheet will follow the inclined tooth surface on the spring sheet 4 and flow into the vortex chamber 3, introducing more steam into the vortex chamber 3, thereby improving the steam blocking effect;

[0038] Among them, the innovative design of the spring-type gap self-adjusting steam seal adds a spring sheet 4 to reduce the gap between the steam seal and the rotor. When the jet in a diffused state hits the spring sheet 4, the spring sheet 4 will follow the inclined tooth surface on the spring sheet 4 and flow into the tooth cavity. More fluid enters the vortex chamber 3, and the vortex in the vortex chamber 3 is fully developed. The steam vortex intensity is increased, the turbulence is increased, and it interacts with the fluid in the jet area, so that the vortex mass and energy exchange between the jet and the tooth cavity are increased, the fluid kinetic energy is consumed, the flow resistance is increased, and most of the steam forms a secondary circulation, which is fully consumed to achieve the highest efficiency.

[0039] Among them, the spring-type gap self-adjusting steam seal uses its more complex fluid structure to slow down the flow rate of steam and reduce the air permeability effect of the steam seal.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] refer to Figure 2-5 : The first heat sink 2 and the second heat sink 12 are installed on the air-sealing body 1 by means of bolts composed of a bolt top 9 and a bolt tooth 10, so as to ensure good contact between the first heat sink 2 and the second heat sink 12 and the air-sealing body 1. At the same time, the first heat sink 2 and the second heat sink 12 transfer heat from the air-sealing body 1 to the external environment through conduction, convection and radiation, which helps to increase the heat exchange efficiency, so that the heat is transferred from the air-sealing body 1 to the heat sink more quickly and dissipated through air convection. Therefore, the cooperation of the first heat sink 2 and the second heat sink 12 can significantly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the equipment, prevent the air-sealing body 1 from overheating, and ensure the stable operation of the equipment in a high temperature environment.

[0042] Structural description: Dovetail pressure block 5 and spring sheet 4: The dovetail pressure block 5 and spring sheet 4 cooperate to prevent the wear of the steam seal tooth tip and the rotor due to excessive rotor jumping and vibration during the start and stop of the unit, resulting in a larger adjustment gap, thereby avoiding excessive vibration during the start and stop of the unit and damage to the steam seal tooth tip and the rotor;

[0043] Vortex chamber 3: In order to make the steam flow expand and dissipate better, multiple chambers are opened in the steam seal body when the structural strength allows, which increases the volume of the steam seal chamber. The fluid contact area is 3 times larger than the vortex chamber, giving the steam flow greater resistance;

[0044] Spring support back teeth 6: maximize steam resistance, as spring back teeth support, play a role in positioning the spring, the spring will not bend excessively under high pressure, and the spring will also block steam at this angle, the steam resistance rate is higher than that of vertical teeth, so that a large amount of steam can be diverted into the expansion chamber to fully work and dissipate heat;

[0045] Air flow outlet 7 and air flow inlet 8: As the steam flow out of the vortex chamber passes through the heat dissipation of the expansion chamber, the steam flow density increases and the temperature decreases. The steam flow out of the jet and the incoming steam flow form a 90° angle to form a rigid steam film to block steam leakage. The resistance of the incoming steam is further increased, which increases the mass and energy exchange between the jet and the vortex in the chamber, consumes the fluid kinetic energy, increases the flow resistance, and forms a secondary circulation of part of the steam, which is fully consumed to achieve the highest efficiency.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam seal device which is easy to operate, comprising a gas seal body (1), a first heat sink (2) and a second heat sink (12), characterized in that: The lower end of the gas seal body (1) is provided with a plurality of vortex chambers (3); the lower end of the gas seal body (1) is provided with a plurality of airflow inlets (8); the interiors of the plurality of airflow inlets (8) are respectively communicated with the interiors of the corresponding vortex chambers (3); the lower end of the gas seal body (1) is provided with a plurality of airflow outlets (7); the interiors of the plurality of airflow outlets (7) are respectively communicated with the interiors of the corresponding vortex chambers (3); The lower end of the gas seal body (1) is provided with a plurality of dovetail grooves (13) for embedding reeds, and dovetail pressure blocks (5) are installed inside the plurality of dovetail grooves (13) for embedding reeds. The lower end of the gas seal body (1) is provided with a plurality of spring sheets (4), and one end of the plurality of spring sheets (4) close to the dovetail pressure blocks (5) is fixedly extended to the inside of the dovetail grooves (13) for embedding reeds. The lower end outer walls of the plurality of dovetail pressure blocks (5) are respectively in contact with the outer walls of the corresponding spring sheets (4), and one side outer wall of the plurality of spring sheets (4) is provided with a spring support back tooth (6).

2. According to claim 1, a novel spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam-sealing device that is easy to operate, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first heat sink (2) is in contact with the outer wall of the upper left end of the gas sealing body (1); The outer wall of the second heat sink (12) is in contact with the outer wall of the upper right end of the gas sealing body (1).

3. According to claim 1, a novel spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam-sealing device that is easy to operate, characterized in that: The raised outer wall on the first heat sink (2) is slidably connected to the inside of the groove at the upper left end of the gas seal body (1); Six second bolt grooves (14) are provided in the grooves on the left and right sides of the upper end of the gas seal body (1).

4. The novel spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam-sealing device which is easy to operate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the first heat sink (2) is provided with six first bolt grooves (11); The positions of the six first bolt slots (11) are respectively opposite to the inside of the corresponding second bolt slots (14), and the outer wall of one side of the second heat sink (12) is provided with the same six first bolt slots (11).

5. The novel spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam-sealing device that is easy to operate according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The twelve first bolt grooves (11) are arranged in groups of six; Twelve bolt threads (10) are arranged on the gas seal body (1), and the twelve bolt threads (10) are arranged in groups of six. The outer walls of one end of two groups of bolt threads (10) are fixedly connected to bolt tops (9); The bolt top (9) and the bolt thread (10) form a bolt.

6. The novel spring-type self-adjusting steam-tight steam-sealing device that is easy to operate according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The outer walls of the two groups of bolt thread portions (10) are respectively connected to the internal threads of the corresponding first bolt grooves (11); The ends of the two groups of bolt teeth (10) close to the second bolt groove (14) are threadedly extended to the outside of the first heat sink (2) and the second heat sink (12) and are respectively connected to the internal threads of the corresponding second bolt groove (14).

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