Glass curtain wall mounting bolt and forming process thereof

Abstract

The invention is applied to the technical field of bolts, and discloses a glass curtain wall mounting bolt which comprises a bolt rod, the bolt rod is cylindrical and is provided with a first end and a second end in the length direction of the bolt rod, a thread is arranged on the outer surface of the bolt rod, and the thread extends to the position close to the first end from the second end. A smooth section is arranged at the position, close to the first end, of the second end, and the length of the smooth section is 15%-20% of the total length of the second end. According to the glass curtain wall mounting bolt, due to the chamfer design of the joint of the bolt head and the bolt rod, the arrangement of the limiting table and the chamfer design of the limiting table, stress is effectively dispersed, the stress concentration phenomenon is avoided, the stability and reliability of the overall structure of the bolt are enhanced, the mechanical property of the bolt is improved, and the service life of the bolt is prolonged. The installation position of the glass curtain wall can be accurately controlled, the sealing performance of the curtain wall is guaranteed, the energy-saving effect and the appearance quality of a building are improved, and the problems of water leakage, air leakage and the like caused by installation position deviation are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bolts, and in particular to a glass curtain wall mounting bolt and a forming process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In today's construction industry, glass curtain walls are widely used in various high-rise buildings and large commercial buildings due to their unique aesthetic effects, good lighting performance and excellent thermal insulation properties, becoming one of the important elements of modern architectural exterior design. However, the safety and stability of glass curtain walls depends to a large extent on the performance of key connectors such as mounting bolts. With the accelerated advancement of urbanization, the height of buildings continues to break records, and the building structure is becoming increasingly complex and diverse, which makes the working conditions faced by glass curtain walls increasingly harsh, and the requirements for mounting bolts have also been raised to an unprecedented level. From the perspective of existing technology, traditional glass curtain wall mounting bolts have a series of significant problems. In terms of material selection, a large number of traditional mounting bolts use ordinary carbon steel as raw material. The tensile strength of this material is relatively limited and usually difficult to reach 800MPa. The above high-strength standards, in actual application scenarios, especially in high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, glass curtain walls need to withstand huge wind loads, their own gravity, and strong impact forces generated in extreme situations such as earthquakes. Ordinary carbon steel mounting bolts often appear to be unable to cope with these high-strength external forces, and are prone to tensile deformation or even breakage, which poses a serious hidden danger to the overall safety of the glass curtain wall. In terms of structural design, the connection method between the head and the rod of traditional mounting bolts is relatively simple, lacking effective stress dispersion design, which leads to obvious stress concentration when the bolts are subjected to force, and it is easy to produce cracks at the connection parts, which in turn affects the service life and reliability of the bolts. In addition, the limit structure of traditional bolts is The structural design is not accurate and stable enough. During long-term use, it may be displaced due to factors such as vibration and temperature changes, causing deviations in the installation position of the glass curtain wall, affecting the sealing performance and overall aesthetics of the curtain wall. From the perspective of installation convenience, the thread design and end shape of traditional bolts do not fully take into account the actual operation needs of the construction site. For example, in a narrow installation space, the installation of traditional bolts often requires a lot of time and manpower, and due to the lack of an effective guiding structure at the end, it is easy to deflect when screwing into the screw hole, which not only increases the difficulty of installation, but also may damage the screw hole, reducing the installation efficiency and quality. In addition, in terms of durability, the surface protection measures of traditional mounting bolts are relatively simple. Generally, only simple galvanizing is used. This protective layer is easily eroded by rain, ultraviolet rays, atmospheric pollutants, etc. when exposed to harsh outdoor environments for a long time, which causes the bolts to rust and corrode, gradually reducing their mechanical properties, shortening their service life, and increasing building maintenance costs and safety risks. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a glass curtain wall mounting bolt and a forming process thereof, so as to solve the problems of insufficient strength, installation convenience and durability proposed in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A glass curtain wall mounting bolt, comprising: a bolt rod, the bolt rod is cylindrical, and has a first end and a second end along the length direction of the bolt rod, the outer surface of the bolt rod is provided with a thread, the thread extends from the second end to a position close to the first end, and the second end is provided with a smooth section close to the first end, and the length of the smooth section is 15%-20% of the total length of the second end; A bolt head is arranged at the first end of the bolt rod, the bolt head is disc-shaped, and the connection between the bolt head and the first end is chamfered, and the bolt head diameter is 1.5-2.5 times the bolt rod diameter, and the outer surface of the bolt head is provided with anti-slip patterns; The limit platform is fixedly arranged on the smooth section of the bolt rod. The limit platform is disc-shaped, and the connection between the limit platform and the first end is chamfered. The outer surface of the limit platform is provided with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0005] Preferably, a conical guide portion is provided at the second end of the bolt rod, and the conical guide portion has a taper of 30-45 degrees.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, during the bolt installation process, the tapered guide portion can play a good guiding role, facilitating the smooth insertion of the bolt into the installation hole, reducing scratches and damage to the hole wall, and also improving the installation efficiency. Especially when installing glass curtain wall mounting bolts in batches, it can effectively save time and labor costs, and the appropriate taper range ensures the stability and reliability of its guiding function, taking into account the convenience of processing technology and the requirements of structural strength.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-slip texture is a cross-net texture, and the texture depth is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the cross-mesh anti-slip texture can significantly increase the friction between the bolt head and the installation tool, effectively preventing slipping when tightening or loosening the bolt, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the operation. The depth of the texture can provide sufficient anti-slip effect without causing stress concentration or excessive processing difficulty due to excessive depth of the texture, thereby ensuring the overall strength and service life of the bolt head.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the limiting platform is a fluorocarbon coating, and the thickness of the anti-corrosion coating is 20-30 μm.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the fluorocarbon coating has excellent weather resistance, corrosion resistance and chemical stability, and can effectively resist various corrosive factors in the environment of the glass curtain wall, such as rain, ultraviolet rays, atmospheric pollutants, etc., and prevent the limit platform from rusting and corroding, thereby ensuring the overall structural integrity and stability of the bolts and extending their service life. The thickness of the coating not only ensures the anti-corrosion effect, but also avoids the increase in cost due to excessively thick coating or quality problems such as coating shedding.

[0011] A glass curtain wall mounting bolt forming process comprises the following steps: S1. Material selection: Select high-strength alloy steel bars with a tensile strength of not less than 1200MPa. The diameter of the bars should be subject to the finished diameter of the bolt rod, leaving a certain processing allowance. S2. Cold forging: Place the selected bar into the cold forging machine die. Through the pressure of the cold forging machine, one end of the bar is forged to form a bolt head and chamfer. At the same time, the approximate shape and chamfer of the limiter are forged at the other end of the bar. During the cold forging process, the accuracy of the die and the cold forging pressure are strictly controlled to ensure that the diameter of the bolt head reaches 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the bolt rod, and the size and shape of the limiter meet the design requirements. S3. Turning: Turn the workpiece after cold heading. First, a conical guide with a taper of 30-45 degrees is machined on the second end of the bolt rod. Then, a thread is machined on the outer surface of the bolt rod. The thread extends from the second end to a position close to the first end. At the same time, a smooth section with a length of 15%-20% of the total length of the second end is reserved at the second end close to the first end. During the turning process, the pitch, tooth angle and other parameters of the thread must meet the standard requirements. S4. Surface treatment: The outer surface of the bolt head is processed with cross-mesh anti-slip lines, and the depth of the lines is controlled at 0.3-0.5mm. The bolt is subjected to surface strengthening treatment by shot peening to improve the fatigue strength of the bolt. Then, a fluorocarbon coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the limiter as an anti-corrosion coating, and the coating thickness is controlled at 20-30μm to ensure that the coating is uniform and dense without defects such as missing coating and bubbles. S5. Inspection: Carry out a comprehensive inspection on the formed glass curtain wall mounting bolts, including appearance inspection to ensure that the anti-slip texture of the bolt head is clear and complete, and the anti-corrosion coating of the limit platform is free of defects. Dimension measurement to check whether the dimensions of each part of the bolt meet the design requirements, including the diameter and length of the bolt rod, the diameter of the bolt head, the diameter and thickness of the limit platform, etc., and then carry out mechanical property testing, sample inspection of the tensile strength and yield strength of the bolts to ensure that they meet the performance requirements of high-strength alloy steel. The qualified bolts enter the packaging and warehousing stage, and the unqualified products are marked and isolated, and the reasons are analyzed and corresponding improvement measures are taken.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the glass curtain wall mounting bolt: 1. The chamfer design at the connection between the bolt head and the bolt rod, as well as the setting of the limit platform and its chamfer design, effectively disperse the stress, avoid stress concentration, and enhance the stability and reliability of the overall structure of the bolt. This not only helps to improve the mechanical properties of the bolt, but also can accurately control the installation position of the glass curtain wall, ensure the sealing performance of the curtain wall, improve the energy-saving effect and appearance quality of the building, and prevent water leakage, air leakage and other problems caused by installation position deviation; 2. The high-strength alloy steel used in the bolt rod can withstand the forces exerted on the glass curtain wall under various complex working conditions, such as strong wind loads on high-rise buildings, earthquake forces, and the gravity of the curtain wall itself, which greatly reduces the risk of bolt tensile deformation and breakage, ensures the stable installation and long-term safe use of the glass curtain wall, and reduces the potential safety hazards such as loosening and falling off of the curtain wall panels caused by bolt failure; 3. The tapered guide at the second end of the bolt rod makes it easier to align the bolt with the screw hole and screw it in smoothly during installation, especially in a narrow installation space, which greatly reduces the difficulty and time of installation, improves construction efficiency, and reduces the possibility of damage to the screw hole due to improper installation, ensuring installation quality and reducing labor costs and construction period; 4. Through the fluorocarbon coating on the surface of the limit platform and the shot peening surface strengthening treatment of the bolt as a whole, the corrosion resistance and fatigue strength of the bolt are significantly enhanced, so that it can maintain good mechanical properties in harsh outdoor environments such as long-term rain erosion, ultraviolet radiation, and erosion by atmospheric pollutants, effectively extending the service life of the bolt, reducing the maintenance cost and maintenance frequency of the building, and ensuring that the glass curtain wall maintains a stable and reliable working state for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the overall blank state of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 1. bolt rod; 101. first end; 102. second end; 103. thread; 104. smooth section; 105. tapered guide; 2. bolt head; 201. anti-slip pattern; 3. limit table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a glass curtain wall mounting bolt.

[0017] Embodiment 1: Material preparation: Select high-strength alloy steel bars with a tensile strength of 1250MPa. The diameter of the bars should be 2mm larger than the finished diameter of the bolt rod 1 to reserve processing allowance.

[0018] Cold forging: Place the rod into the cold forging machine mold, set the pressure of the cold forging machine to 800kN, and forge one end of the rod to form a bolt head 2. The diameter of the bolt head 2 is twice the diameter of the bolt rod 1, and the chamfer at the connection is 45 degrees. At the same time, a limit platform 3 is forged at the other end of the rod. The size of the limit platform 3 meets the design requirements, and the chamfer at the connection with the first end 101 is 30 degrees.

[0019] Turning: a conical guide portion 105 with a taper of 35 degrees is machined at the second end 102 of the bolt rod 1, and then a thread 103 is machined. The thread 103 extends from the second end 102 to a position close to the first end 101. The length of the smooth section 104 of the second end 102 close to the first end 101 is 18% of the total length of the second end 102. During the turning process, the pitch of the thread 103 is ensured to be 1.5 mm and the tooth angle is 60 degrees, which meets the standard requirements.

[0020] Surface treatment: a cross-mesh anti-slip pattern 201 is processed on the outer surface of the bolt head 2, and the pattern depth is 0.4 mm. The surface of the bolt is strengthened by shot peening. Then, a fluorocarbon coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the limit table 3 as an anti-corrosion coating with a coating thickness of 25 μm to ensure that the coating is uniform and dense without defects such as missing coating and bubbles.

[0021] test: Appearance inspection: The anti-slip pattern 201 of the bolt head 2 is clear and complete, without burrs or defects; the anti-corrosion coating of the limit platform 3 is uniform and of consistent color, without flow marks, bubbles or missing coating.

[0022] Dimension measurement: measured with calipers and micrometers, the diameter of bolt rod 1 is 10mm with a tolerance of ±0.05mm, the length is 50mm with a tolerance of ±0.5mm, the diameter of bolt head 2 is 20mm with a tolerance of ±0.2mm, the diameter of limit platform 3 is 15mm with a tolerance of ±0.15mm, and the thickness is 3mm with a tolerance of ±0.1mm, all of which are within the tolerance range required by the design.

[0023] Mechanical properties test: A universal material testing machine was used for sampling inspection, and 5 samples were selected. The average tensile strength of the bolts was 1280MPa, the yield strength was 1050MPa, the elongation was 12%, and the impact toughness was 85J / cm², which met the performance requirements of high-strength alloy steel.

[0024] After passing the inspection, they enter the packaging and warehousing stage. The packaging is wrapped with anti-rust paper, and every 10 bolts are put into a plastic box, and then the plastic box is put into a carton. They are stored in a dry and ventilated environment. The warehouse temperature is controlled at 20℃-25℃, and the humidity is controlled at 40%-60%.

[0025] Embodiment 2: Material preparation: Select high-strength alloy steel bars with a tensile strength of 1300 MPa. The diameter of the bars is 2.5 mm larger than the finished diameter of the bolt rod 1 as the processing allowance.

[0026] Cold forging: Place the bar into the cold forging machine mold, set the pressure of the cold forging machine to 900kN, and forge one end of the bar to form a bolt head 2. The diameter of the bolt head 2 is 2.2 times the diameter of the bolt rod 1, and the chamfer at the connection is 50 degrees. At the same time, a limit platform 3 is forged at the other end of the bar. The chamfer at the connection between the limit platform 3 and the first end 101 is 35 degrees, and the size meets the design specifications.

[0027] Turning: a conical guide portion 105 with a taper of 40 degrees is machined at the second end 102 of the bolt rod 1, and then the thread 103 is machined. The thread 103 extends from the second end 102 to a position close to the first end 101. The length of the smooth section 104 of the second end 102 close to the first end 101 is 16% of the total length of the second end 102. During turning, ensure that the pitch of the thread 103 is 1.75 mm and the tooth angle is 60 degrees, which meets the standard requirements.

[0028] Surface treatment: a cross-mesh anti-slip pattern 201 is processed on the outer surface of the bolt head 2, and the pattern depth is 0.45 mm. The surface of the bolt is strengthened by shot peening. Then, a fluorocarbon coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the limit table 3 as an anti-corrosion coating. The coating thickness is 28 μm to ensure uniform coating without missing coating or bubbles.

[0029] test: Appearance inspection: The anti-slip texture 201 of the bolt head 2 is clear and neat, without breakage or deformation; the anti-corrosion coating of the limit platform 3 is smooth and flat, without granular impurities and falling off.

[0030] Dimension measurement: After precise measurement, the diameter of the bolt rod 1 is 12mm with a tolerance of ±0.06mm, the length is 60mm with a tolerance of ±0.6mm, the diameter of the bolt head 2 is 26.4mm with a tolerance of ±0.25mm, the diameter of the limit platform 3 is 18mm with a tolerance of ±0.2mm, and the thickness is 4mm with a tolerance of ±0.12mm. All dimensions meet the design tolerance requirements.

[0031] Mechanical properties test: 8 bolts were randomly selected for mechanical properties test. The average tensile strength was 1320MPa, the yield strength was 1100MPa, the elongation was 13%, and the impact toughness was 80J / cm². All mechanical properties were good and met the performance standards of high-strength alloy steel.

[0032] The bolts that pass the inspection are packaged and put into storage. The packaging method is to first use gas phase anti-rust bags to pack, and put 8 bolts in one bag, and then put the bags into wooden boxes lined with moisture-proof paper. The warehouse maintains a constant temperature and humidity, with the temperature controlled at 18℃-22℃ and the humidity controlled at 35%-50%. For unqualified products, "X" is marked on the head of the bolt with red paint, and it is placed separately in the unqualified product area. At the same time, the reasons for the failure are recorded in detail, such as size tolerance, appearance defects or mechanical properties that do not meet the standards, etc., and corresponding improvement measures are taken for different reasons, such as adjusting processing parameters, replacing molds or strengthening raw material inspection.

[0033] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A glass curtain wall mounting bolt, characterized in that: include: A bolt rod (1), the bolt rod (1) being cylindrical and having a first end (101) and a second end (102) along the length direction of the bolt rod (1), a thread (103) being provided on the outer surface of the bolt rod (1), the thread (103) extending from the second end (102) to a position close to the first end (101), and a smooth section (104) being provided at the second end (102) close to the first end (101), the length of the smooth section (104) being 15%-20% of the total length of the second end (102); A bolt head (2) is arranged at the first end (101) of the bolt rod (1), the bolt head (2) is disc-shaped, and the connection between the bolt head (2) and the first end (101) is chamfered, and the diameter of the bolt head (2) is 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the bolt rod (1), and the outer surface of the bolt head (2) is provided with anti-slip patterns (201); The limit platform (3) is fixedly arranged on the smooth section (104) of the bolt rod (1); the limit platform (3) is disc-shaped, and the connection between the limit platform (3) and the first end (101) is chamfered; the outer surface of the limit platform (3) is provided with an anti-corrosion coating.

2. The glass curtain wall mounting bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end (102) of the bolt rod (1) is provided with a tapered guide portion (105), and the tapered angle of the tapered guide portion (105) is 30-45 degrees.

3. The glass curtain wall mounting bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-slip pattern (201) is a cross-net pattern, and the pattern depth is 0.3-0.5 mm.

4. The glass curtain wall mounting bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the limit platform (3) is a fluorocarbon coating, and the thickness of the anti-corrosion coating is 20-30 μm.

5. A glass curtain wall mounting bolt forming process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Material selection: Select high-strength alloy steel bars with a tensile strength of not less than 1200 MPa. The diameter of the bars should be adjusted to the finished diameter of the bolt rod (1) with a certain machining allowance. S2. Cold forging: The selected bar is placed in the die of the cold forging machine. Through the pressure of the cold forging machine, one end of the bar is forged to form a bolt head (2) and a chamfer. At the same time, the approximate shape of the stopper (3) and the chamfer are forged at the other end of the bar. During the cold forging process, the accuracy of the die and the cold forging pressure are strictly controlled to ensure that the diameter of the bolt head (2) reaches 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the bolt rod (1), and the size and shape of the stopper (3) meet the design requirements. S3, turning: the workpiece after cold heading is turned, firstly, a conical guide portion (105) with a taper of 30-45 degrees is machined on the second end (102) of the bolt rod (1), and then a thread (103) is machined on the outer surface of the bolt rod (1), the thread (103) extending from the second end (102) to a position close to the first end (101), and at the same time, a smooth section (104) with a length of 15%-20% of the total length of the second end (102) is reserved at the second end (102) close to the first end (101). During the turning process, it is ensured that the parameters such as the pitch and tooth angle of the thread meet the standard requirements; S4, surface treatment: a cross-net anti-skid pattern (201) is processed on the outer surface of the bolt head (2), the depth of the pattern is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 mm, and the surface of the bolt is strengthened by shot peening to improve the fatigue strength of the bolt. Then, a fluorocarbon coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the limiter (3) as an anti-corrosion coating, and the coating thickness is controlled to be 20-30 μm to ensure that the coating is uniform and dense without defects such as missing coating and bubbles; S5. Inspection: A comprehensive inspection is conducted on the formed glass curtain wall mounting bolts, including an appearance inspection to ensure that the anti-slip pattern (201) of the bolt head (2) is clear and complete, and that the anti-corrosion coating of the stopper (3) is free of defects. Dimensional measurement is conducted to check whether the dimensions of each part of the bolt meet the design requirements, where the design requirements include the diameter and length of the bolt rod (1), the diameter of the bolt head (2), the diameter and thickness of the stopper (3), etc. Mechanical property tests are then conducted, and the tensile strength and yield strength of the bolts are sampled and tested to ensure that the performance requirements of high-strength alloy steel are met. Qualified bolts are packaged and put into storage. Unqualified products are marked and isolated, and the causes are analyzed and corresponding improvement measures are taken.

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