Device and method for simulating change of rear suspension spring in real vehicle operation

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for simulating the spring change of a rear suspension in real vehicle operation, and relates to the technical field of suspension simulation test equipment, the device comprises a simulation frame, an upper suspension is fixedly arranged on the simulation frame, a lower suspension is rotatably arranged on the simulation frame, and a damping element is installed between the upper suspension and the lower suspension; the simulation frame is provided with a load simulation unit for applying a dynamic load to the lower suspension; the lower suspension is provided with a load detection unit used for detecting the load borne by the suspension spring, the upper suspension is provided with a deformation detection unit used for detecting the deformation degree of the suspension spring, the simulation frame is provided with a control system, and the control system is provided with a data processing module. The control system is electrically connected with the load simulation unit, the load detection unit and the deformation detection unit. According to the application, the change condition of the rear suspension spring in real vehicle operation can be accurately simulated and detected, and the accuracy and the reliability of a detection result are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of suspension simulation test equipment, and in particular to a device and method for simulating the change of a rear suspension spring during the operation of an actual vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Automobile suspension springs are elastic elements in automobile suspension, which make elastic connection between the axle and the frame or body, bear and transmit vertical loads, and alleviate and suppress the impact caused by uneven roads. The performance of the rear suspension spring directly affects the comfort, handling and safety of the vehicle.

[0003] At present, when studying the characteristics of rear suspension springs, static compression tests and dynamic fatigue tests are usually used to obtain the required data. Among them, the static compression test mainly uses a press to directly act on the two ends of the spring to measure the elastic force value under different strokes; the dynamic fatigue test uses special equipment to repeatedly apply vibration loads of specified frequency and amplitude to evaluate durability.

[0004] However, the above traditional methods cannot fully and accurately reproduce the complex and changeable force conditions in the real driving environment, especially the lack of detection of angle changes accompanying the up and down movement of the suspension, which may cause the results to deviate from the actual situation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a device and method for simulating the change of the rear suspension spring during the operation of an actual vehicle.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a device for simulating the change of rear suspension springs during the operation of a real vehicle, which adopts the following technical solution: A device for simulating the change of a rear suspension spring during the operation of an actual vehicle, comprising a simulation frame, an upper suspension being fixedly arranged on the simulation frame, a lower suspension being rotatably arranged on the simulation frame, a damping element being installed between the upper suspension and the lower suspension; a mounting mechanism for installing a suspension spring being arranged on the upper suspension, a connecting piece for connecting the suspension spring being arranged on the lower suspension; a load simulation unit for applying a dynamic load to the lower suspension being arranged on the simulation frame; a load detection unit for detecting the load borne by the suspension spring being arranged on the lower suspension, a deformation detection unit for detecting the degree of deformation of the suspension spring being arranged on the upper suspension, a control system being arranged on the simulation frame, the control system being provided with a data processing module, and the control system being electrically connected to the load simulation unit, the load detection unit and the deformation detection unit, respectively.

[0007] Optionally, the mounting mechanism includes a mounting sleeve, a cover plate and a locking member, the mounting sleeve is fixedly disposed on the upper suspension, the cover plate is rotatably disposed on the top of the mounting sleeve, and the locking member is used to fix the cover plate on the mounting sleeve.

[0008] Optionally, the connecting member includes a mounting block fixedly disposed on the lower suspension, the mounting block is provided with a mounting groove for accommodating a suspension spring, and a connecting column is fixedly disposed in the mounting groove.

[0009] Optionally, the load detection unit includes a pressure sensor and a load plate, the pressure sensor is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the mounting groove, the load plate is slidably disposed in the mounting groove and abuts against the pressure sensor, the load plate is adapted to the mounting groove, and a center hole is provided on the load plate for a connecting column to pass through.

[0010] Optionally, the deformation detection unit includes an infrared scanner, which is installed on the upper suspension and is used to scan and record the surface profile of the suspension spring. The infrared scanner is electrically connected to the control system.

[0011] Optionally, the load simulation unit includes a hydraulic cylinder and a touch block, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the simulation frame, the touch block is fixedly arranged on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is electrically connected to the control system.

[0012] Optionally, a slider is provided on the lower suspension for sliding along the length direction of the lower suspension, a positioning block is also installed on the lower suspension, a magnet is provided on the positioning block, a metal magnetic sheet for adsorbing on the magnet is provided on the slider, a connecting block is rotatably provided on the slider, a torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the connecting block, and two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting block and the slider, and the connecting block is provided with a groove for inserting a touch block.

[0013] Optionally, the positioning block is slidably arranged on the lower suspension along the length direction of the lower suspension, a servo cylinder for driving the positioning block to slide is arranged on the lower suspension, an infrared signal transmitter is arranged on the sliding block, an infrared signal receiver is arranged on the touch block, and the servo cylinder, infrared signal transmitter and infrared signal receiver are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0014] Optionally, side plates are fixedly provided on both sides of the slider, elastic pressure plates are fixedly provided on the ends of the two side plates close to each other, and sliding grooves for the elastic pressure plates to be inserted are provided on both sides of the lower suspension along the length direction of the lower suspension, and a plurality of rollers are rotatably provided on the slider, and each of the rollers is rollingly connected to the lower side wall of the lower suspension.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a simulation method for simulating a rear suspension spring change device during actual vehicle operation, using the following technical solution: A simulation method for simulating a rear suspension spring change device during operation of a real vehicle, comprising the following steps: S1. Install the suspension spring between the upper suspension and the lower suspension through the mounting mechanism on the upper suspension and the connecting piece on the lower suspension; S2. Start the control system and set the test parameters, including load range, load change frequency and test time; S3. Start the load simulation unit to apply a dynamic load to the lower suspension, and introduce a damping element to buffer the movement of the lower suspension, so as to simulate the actual load condition of the suspension spring during the operation of the actual vehicle; S4. During the test, the load detection unit is used to detect and feedback the actual load value borne by the suspension spring in real time, and the deformation detection unit is used to accurately reflect the deformation of the suspension spring under different loads; S5. The data detected by the load detection unit and the deformation detection unit are transmitted to the control system, and the detected data are comprehensively analyzed and processed by the data processing module, thereby realizing the synchronous quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the spring deformation state and the load borne.

[0016] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application can accurately simulate and detect the changes of the rear suspension spring during the operation of the actual vehicle, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the test results. Specifically, the suspension spring is installed between the upper suspension and the lower suspension through the installation mechanism on the upper suspension and the connecting piece on the lower suspension; a dynamic load is applied to the lower suspension through the load simulation unit, and the movement of the lower suspension is buffered by the introduction of the damping element, thereby simulating the actual load condition of the suspension spring during the operation of the actual vehicle; during the test, the load detection unit is used to detect and feedback the actual load value borne by the suspension spring in real time, and the deformation detection unit is used to accurately reflect the deformation of the suspension spring under different loads, and then the data processing module is used to perform comprehensive analysis and processing on the detected data, so as to achieve a synchronous quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the spring deformation state and the load borne, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0017] 2. The present application realizes rapid positioning and fixation of the slider by slidingly setting a slider on the lower suspension, and cooperates with the magnet on the positioning block and the metal magnetic sheet on the slider; when the hydraulic cylinder applies a dynamic load to the lower suspension, the touch block is connected to the slider, and the touch block pushes the slider to slide on the lower suspension, thereby effectively reducing the wear or deformation between the touch block and the lower suspension caused by mechanical impact.

[0018] 3. The present application sets a connecting block rotatably on the slider, and the connecting block is connected to the slider through a torsion spring. When the touch block is connected to the slider, the touch block is inserted into the groove on the connecting block, and as the hydraulic cylinder continuously applies load, the lower suspension rotates on the simulation frame. During this process, the connecting block adapts to the change of the lower suspension angle and rotates on the slider, ensuring stable contact between the touch block and the connecting block, thereby improving the connection stability between the touch block and the slider.

[0019] 4. This application sets the positioning block slidingly on the lower suspension, and sets a servo cylinder to push the lower suspension to slide. When the suspension spring is tested, the servo cylinder drives the positioning block to slide toward the slider, and the magnet on the positioning block absorbs the metal magnetic sheet on the slider, so that the slider can move with the positioning block. At the same time, an infrared signal transmitter is set on the slider and an infrared signal receiver is set on the touch block. When the infrared signal transmitter and the infrared signal receiver are accurately aligned, the control system can accurately determine the position relationship and stop the movement of the positioning block, thereby ensuring the precise alignment between the connection block and the touch block. This design significantly reduces manual intervention and improves test efficiency and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram used to express the installation mechanism in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the installation block used to express the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slider used to express the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the slider used to express the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic pressure plate used to express the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Description of reference numerals: 1. simulation frame; 11. upper suspension; 111. mounting sleeve; 112. cover plate; 113. locking member; 12. lower suspension; 121. servo cylinder; 122. slide groove; 123. wheel groove; 13. damping element; 14. mounting block; 141. mounting groove; 142. connecting column; 15. slider; 151. metal magnetic sheet; 152. connecting block; 1521. groove; 153. torsion spring; 154 , infrared signal transmitter; 155, side panel; 156, elastic pressure plate; 157, roller; 16, positioning block; 161, magnet; 2, load simulation unit; 21, hydraulic cylinder; 22, touch block; 221, infrared signal receiver; 3, control system; 31, control panel; 4, load detection unit; 41, pressure sensor; 42, load plate; 143, limit block; 5, deformation detection unit; 51, infrared scanner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can completely combine the embodiments of the present invention to obtain other embodiments without creative work, and these embodiments are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The inventor of this application has found that the existing suspension spring detection methods mainly rely on static compression tests and dynamic fatigue tests, but these traditional methods cannot fully and accurately reproduce the complex and changeable force conditions in the real driving environment, especially the lack of detection of angle changes accompanying the up and down movement of the suspension, resulting in the results being likely to deviate from the actual situation. To this end, this application discloses a device and method for simulating the change of the rear suspension spring during the operation of a real vehicle, mainly using the following scheme: The embodiment of the present application discloses a device for simulating the change of the rear suspension spring during the operation of a real vehicle. Figure 1 , including a simulation frame 1, on which an upper suspension 11 and a lower suspension 12 are arranged, the upper suspension 11 is fixed to the upper part of the simulation frame 1, and the lower suspension 12 is rotatably connected to the bottom area of ​​the simulation frame 1, a mounting mechanism is arranged on the upper suspension 11, and a connecting piece is arranged in the structure of the lower suspension 12, and a suspension spring is firmly installed between the upper suspension 11 and the lower suspension 12 through the mounting mechanism and the connecting piece.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 A damping element 13 is arranged between the upper suspension 11 and the lower suspension 12; specifically, the damping element 13 adopts a shock absorber, and the main body and the movable rod of the shock absorber are respectively hinged on the lower suspension 12 and the upper suspension 11, so as to absorb vibration energy and prevent the lower suspension 12 from excessive rebound.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 The simulation frame 1 is provided with a load simulation unit 2 for applying a dynamic load to the lower suspension 12; specifically, the load simulation unit 2 includes a hydraulic cylinder 21 and a touch block 22. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed to the simulation frame 1, and the touch block 22 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21. The touch block 22 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 21 to slide toward the lower suspension 12, and the lower suspension 12 is pushed by the touch block 22 to deflect toward the upper suspension 11, and the suspension spring is compressed, thereby simulating the scene of the actual vehicle operation.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 A control system 3 is provided on the simulation frame 1, the control system 3 is electrically connected to a control panel 31, a data processing module is provided on the control system 3, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is electrically connected to the control system 3, the test parameters are set through the control system 3, and the hydraulic cylinder 21 applies a load to the lower suspension 12.

[0027] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder 21 can adopt a variety of methods when applying load to the lower suspension 12. For example, by slowly applying pressure, it can simulate the flat slope section in the operation of the actual vehicle; it can also repeatedly apply a vibration load of a specified frequency and amplitude to the lower suspension 12 to simulate the bumpy section in the operation of the actual vehicle; in addition, it is also possible to impact the lower suspension 12 through the touch block 22 to apply an instantaneous load to the lower suspension 12 to simulate the situation of obstacles in the operation of the actual vehicle.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 , 2 Specifically, the mounting mechanism includes a mounting sleeve 111, a cover plate 112 and a locking piece 113. The mounting sleeve 111 can be fixed to the upper suspension 11 by welding or bolts, and has a cylindrical shape; the cover plate 112 is mounted on the top of the mounting sleeve 111, and is rotatably connected to the mounting sleeve 111 by a hinge, so as to close the top opening of the mounting sleeve 111; the locking piece 113 adopts a lock buckle, which is mounted on the mounting sleeve 111, and is used to fix the cover plate 112 on the mounting sleeve 111.

[0029] Reference Figure 3 The connecting piece includes a mounting block 14, which is fixed to the top of the lower suspension 12 by welding or bolts, and is provided with a mounting groove 141 adapted to the product specifications. At the same time, a connecting column 142 is provided at the center of the mounting groove 141. Through the mutual cooperation of the mounting sleeve 111 and the mounting groove 141 on the mounting block 14, the two ends of the suspension spring are constrained, so that the suspension spring is stably installed between the upper suspension 11 and the lower suspension 12.

[0030] Reference Figure 3, a load detection unit 4 for detecting the load on the suspension spring is provided on the lower suspension 12; specifically, the load detection unit 4 includes a pressure sensor 41 and a load plate 42, the pressure sensor 41 is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the mounting groove 141, the load plate 42 is slidably arranged in the mounting groove 141 along the length direction of the connecting column 142, and abuts against the pressure sensor 41, and the load plate 42 is adapted to the mounting groove 141, a center hole for the connecting column 142 to pass through is provided on the load plate 42, and a limit block 143 for placing the load plate 42 out of the mounting groove 141 is fixedly provided at the end of the connecting column 142; when the suspension spring is placed in the mounting groove 141 of the mounting block 14, the end of the suspension spring abuts against the load plate 42, and the load condition of the suspension spring can be accurately sensed in real time through the pressure sensor 41.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 , 3 The upper suspension 11 is provided with a deformation detection unit 5 for detecting the degree of deformation of the suspension spring; specifically, the deformation detection unit 5 includes an infrared scanner 51, which is fixedly mounted on the upper suspension 11 and is used to scan and record the surface profile of the suspension spring. The infrared scanner 51 can accurately scan and record the surface profile of the suspension spring, and monitor the morphological changes of the spring under different load conditions in real time. The pressure sensor 41 and the infrared scanner 51 are both electrically connected to the control system 3. The pressure sensor 41 and the infrared scanner 51 transmit the detected data to the control system 3, and the detected data is comprehensively analyzed and processed by the data processing module, thereby realizing the synchronous quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the deformation state of the spring and the load borne.

[0032] Reference Figure 4 , 5The lower suspension 12 is provided with a slider 15 and a positioning block 16 respectively slidably along the length direction of the lower suspension 12. The positioning block 16 is provided on the side of the slider 15 close to the rotation axis of the lower suspension 12. A servo cylinder 121 is also installed on the lower suspension 12. The piston rod of the servo cylinder 121 is connected to the positioning block 16 and is used to drive the positioning block 16 to slide. A magnet 161 is provided on the end surface of the positioning block 16 close to the slider 15. A metal magnetic sheet 151 is provided on the end surface of the slider 15 close to the positioning block 16, which is used to cooperate with the magnet 161 on the positioning block 16 to adsorb the slider 15 on the positioning block 16 and position the slider 15. By slidingly setting the slider 15 on the lower suspension 12, and cooperating with the magnet 161 on the positioning block 16 and the metal magnetic sheet 151 on the slider 15, the slider 15 can be quickly positioned and fixed. When the hydraulic cylinder 21 applies a dynamic load to the lower suspension 12, the touch block 22 is connected to the slider 15, and as the hydraulic cylinder 21 continuously applies the load, the lower suspension 12 rotates on the simulation frame 1, and the touch block 22 pushes the slider 15 to slide on the lower suspension 12, so that the slider 15 is separated from the positioning block 16, thereby effectively reducing the wear or deformation between the touch block 22 and the lower suspension 12 caused by mechanical impact.

[0033] Reference Figure 4 , 5 Furthermore, a connecting block 152 is rotatably provided on the slider 15, a torsion spring 153 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the connecting block 152, and the two ends of the torsion spring 153 are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting block 152 and the slider 15, and a groove 1521 for inserting the touch block 22 is provided on the connecting block 152. By rotatably providing the connecting block 152 on the slider 15, and connecting the connecting block 152 to the slider 15 through the torsion spring 153; when the touch block 22 applies a load to the lower suspension 12, the touch block 22 is inserted into the groove 1521 on the connecting block 152, and in the process of the lower suspension 12 rotating and the slider 15 sliding, the connecting block 152 rotates on the slider 15 according to the change of the angle of the lower suspension 12, ensuring stable contact between the touch block 22 and the connecting block 152, thereby improving the connection stability between the touch block 22 and the slider 15.

[0034] Reference Figure 4Furthermore, an infrared signal transmitter 154 is provided on the slider 15, and an infrared signal receiver 221 is provided on the touch block 22. The servo cylinder 121, the infrared signal transmitter 154 and the infrared signal receiver 221 are all electrically connected to the control system 3. When the suspension spring is tested, the servo cylinder 121 is started by the control system 3 to drive the positioning block 16 to slide toward the slider 15. The magnet 161 on the positioning block 16 adsorbs the metal magnetic sheet 151 on the slider 15, so that the slider 15 can move with the positioning block 16. At the same time, by providing the infrared signal transmitter 154 on the slider 15 and the infrared signal receiver 221 on the touch block 22, when the infrared signal transmitter 154 and the infrared signal receiver 221 are accurately aligned, the control system 3 can accurately determine the position relationship and stop the movement of the positioning block 16, thereby ensuring the accurate alignment between the connecting block 152 and the touch block 22. This design significantly reduces manual intervention and improves test efficiency and accuracy.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 , side plates 155 are fixedly provided on both sides of the slider 15, and elastic pressure plates 156 are fixedly provided on the ends of the two side plates 155 close to each other. The elastic pressure plates 156 are made of plastic or elastic steel. Slide grooves 122 for the elastic pressure plates 156 to be inserted into are provided on both sides of the lower suspension 12 along the length direction of the lower suspension 12; the side plates 155 on both sides of the slider 15 and the elastic pressure plates 156 provided on the side plates 155 can ensure that the slider 15 is stably embedded in the slide grooves 122 on both sides of the lower suspension 12, thereby improving the stability of the slider 15 when moving along the lower suspension 12 and avoiding the loss of accuracy caused by shaking.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 , 6 , multiple groups of rollers 157 are rotatably arranged on the slider 15, and a wheel groove 123 is arranged on the bottom wall of the lower suspension 12 along the length direction of the lower suspension 12. Each roller 157 is arranged in the wheel groove 123 and is rollingly connected with the lower suspension 12. Each roller 157 is always pressed against the side wall of the wheel groove 123 under the elastic force of the elastic pressure plate 156. The arrangement of the rollers 157 effectively reduces the friction resistance during the movement of the slider 15, making the movement of the slider 15 on the lower suspension 12 smoother, and improving the response speed and operational flexibility of the entire device.

[0037] The implementation principle of a device for simulating the change of a rear suspension spring during the operation of an actual vehicle in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: the suspension spring is installed between the upper suspension 11 and the lower suspension 12 through a mounting mechanism on the upper suspension 11 and a connecting piece on the lower suspension 12; a dynamic load is applied to the lower suspension 12 through a load simulation unit 2, and the movement of the lower suspension 12 is buffered by the introduction of a damping element 13, thereby simulating the actual load condition of the suspension spring during the operation of the actual vehicle; during the test, the load detection unit 4 is used to detect and feedback the actual load value borne by the suspension spring in real time, and the deformation detection unit 5 is used to accurately reflect the deformation of the suspension spring under different loads, and then the data processing module is used to perform comprehensive analysis and processing on the detected data, thereby realizing a synchronous quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the deformation state of the spring and the load borne, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection results.

[0038] The embodiment of the present application also discloses a simulation method for simulating a rear suspension spring change device during operation of a real vehicle, comprising the following steps: S1, installing the suspension spring between the upper suspension 11 and the lower suspension 12 through the mounting mechanism on the upper suspension 11 and the connecting piece on the lower suspension 12; S2, start the control system 3, set the test parameters, including load range, load change frequency and test time; S3, starting the load simulation unit 2, applying a dynamic load to the lower suspension 12, and cooperating with the introduction of the damping element 13 to buffer the movement of the lower suspension 12, simulating the actual load condition of the suspension spring during the operation of the actual vehicle; S4, during the test, the load detection unit 4 is used to detect and feedback the actual load value borne by the suspension spring in real time, and the deformation detection unit 5 is used to accurately reflect the deformation of the suspension spring under different loads; S5. The data detected by the load detection unit 4 and the deformation detection unit 5 are transmitted to the control system 3. The detected data are comprehensively analyzed and processed by the data processing module, thereby realizing a synchronous quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the spring deformation state and the load borne.

[0039] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the change of rear suspension spring during the operation of a real vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a simulation frame (1), wherein an upper suspension frame (11) is fixedly arranged on the simulation frame (1), a lower suspension frame (12) is rotatably arranged on the simulation frame (1), and a damping element (13) is installed between the upper suspension frame (11) and the lower suspension frame (12); a mounting mechanism for mounting a suspension spring is arranged on the upper suspension frame (11), and a connecting piece for connecting the suspension spring is arranged on the lower suspension frame (12); and a connecting piece for applying a dynamic load to the lower suspension frame (12) is arranged on the simulation frame (1). A load simulation unit (2); a load detection unit (4) for detecting the load on the suspension spring is arranged on the lower suspension (12); a deformation detection unit (5) for detecting the degree of deformation of the suspension spring is arranged on the upper suspension (11); a control system (3) is arranged on the simulation frame (1); the control system (3) is provided with a data processing module, and the control system (3) is electrically connected to the load simulation unit (2), the load detection unit (4) and the deformation detection unit (5), respectively.

2. The device for changing the rear suspension spring during simulation of the operation of a real vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism comprises a mounting sleeve (111), a cover plate (112) and a locking member (113); the mounting sleeve (111) is fixedly arranged on the upper suspension frame (11); the cover plate (112) is rotatably arranged on the top of the mounting sleeve (111); and the locking member (113) is used to fix the cover plate (112) on the mounting sleeve (111).

3. The device for changing the rear suspension spring during simulation of the operation of a real vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting member comprises a mounting block (14) fixedly arranged on the lower suspension (12); a mounting groove (141) for accommodating a suspension spring is arranged on the mounting block (14); a connecting column (142) is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove (141).

4. The device for changing the rear suspension spring during simulation of the operation of a real vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The load detection unit (4) comprises a pressure sensor (41) and a load plate (42); the pressure sensor (41) is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the mounting groove (141); the load plate (42) is slidably mounted in the mounting groove (141) and abuts against the pressure sensor (41); the load plate (42) is adapted to the mounting groove (141); and a central hole for a connecting column (142) to pass through is provided on the load plate (42).

5. The device for changing the rear suspension spring during simulation of the operation of a real vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation detection unit (5) comprises an infrared scanner (51), which is mounted on the upper suspension (11) and is used to scan and record the surface profile of the suspension spring. The infrared scanner (51) is electrically connected to the control system (3).

6. The device for changing the rear suspension spring during simulation of the operation of a real vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load simulation unit (2) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (21) and a touch block (22); the hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixedly arranged on the simulation frame (1); the touch block (22) is fixedly arranged on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (21); and the hydraulic cylinder (21) is electrically connected to a control system (3).

7. The device for changing the rear suspension spring during simulation of the operation of a real vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slider (15) is slidably arranged on the lower suspension (12) along the length direction of the lower suspension (12), and a positioning block (16) is also installed on the lower suspension (12). A magnet (161) is arranged on the positioning block (16), and a metal magnetic sheet (151) for adsorbing on the magnet (161) is arranged on the slider (15). A connecting block (152) is rotatably arranged on the slider (15), and a torsion spring (153) is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the connecting block (152), and the two ends of the torsion spring (153) are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting block (152) and the slider (15), and a groove (1521) for inserting a touch block (22) is arranged on the connecting block (152).

8. The device for changing the rear suspension spring during simulation of the operation of a real vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning block (16) is slidably arranged on the lower suspension (12) along the length direction of the lower suspension (12); a servo cylinder (121) for driving the positioning block (16) to slide is arranged on the lower suspension (12); an infrared signal transmitter (154) is arranged on the slider (15); an infrared signal receiver (221) is arranged on the touch block (22); and the servo cylinder (121), the infrared signal transmitter (154) and the infrared signal receiver (221) are all electrically connected to the control system (3).

9. The device for changing the rear suspension spring during simulation of the operation of a real vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: Side plates (155) are fixedly provided on both sides of the slider (15), and elastic pressure plates (156) are fixedly provided on the ends of the two side plates (155) close to each other. Slide grooves (122) for the elastic pressure plates (156) to be inserted are provided on both sides of the lower suspension (12) along the length direction of the lower suspension (12), and a plurality of rollers (157) are rotatably provided on the slider (15), and each of the rollers (157) is rollingly connected to the lower side wall of the lower suspension (12).

10. A simulation method for simulating a rear suspension spring change device during operation of a real vehicle based on any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, installing a suspension spring between the upper suspension (11) and the lower suspension (12) through a mounting mechanism on the upper suspension (11) and a connecting piece on the lower suspension (12); S2, start the control system (3), set the test parameters, including load range, load change frequency and test time; S3, starting the load simulation unit (2), applying a dynamic load to the lower suspension (12), and introducing a damping element (13) to buffer the movement of the lower suspension (12), thereby simulating the actual load condition of the suspension spring during operation of a real vehicle; S4. During the test, the load detection unit (4) is used to detect and feedback the actual load value borne by the suspension spring in real time, and the deformation detection unit (5) is used to accurately reflect the deformation of the suspension spring under different loads; S5, the data detected by the load detection unit (4) and the deformation detection unit (5) are transmitted to the control system (3), and the detected data are comprehensively analyzed and processed by the data processing module, thereby realizing the synchronous quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the deformation state of the spring and the load borne.

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