Earth source monitoring system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a seismic source monitoring system, which is characterized in that four seismic sensors are arranged, position coordinates of a seismic source are preset to obtain first coordinates, and differences between first time corresponding to other seismic sensors and first time corresponding to a target seismic sensor are respectively calculated according to the position coordinates and the first coordinates of the seismic sensors; the position coordinates of the seismic source are calculated based on a time difference of arrival positioning algorithm according to the first distances, the first difference values and the seismic wave propagation speed, and the position coordinates of the seismic source can be accurately determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of earthquake source monitoring, and in particular to an earthquake source monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology and the reduction of instrument and equipment costs, engineering automation monitoring is widely used in various fields such as foundation pits, slopes, bridges, hydrology, large buildings, tunnels, etc. At present, many mine regulatory departments have mandatory requirements for mining companies to install cross-border collection detectors, and one of the components is the data collector. The data collector is not only used for cross-border collection monitoring in mines, but also can be used in all data uploading and downloading application scenarios. It has a certain computing power inside and can change the transmission mode and power supply mode according to needs.

[0003] In actual operation scenarios, how to determine the location coordinates of the earthquake source has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a seismic source monitoring system to accurately determine the location coordinates of the seismic source. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] The present application provides a seismic source monitoring system, the system comprising:

[0006] A control unit and a simulation acquisition unit; wherein the simulation acquisition unit includes a sensor measurement unit and four seismic sensors;

[0007] Each of the seismic sensors is used to generate a seismic signal based on the monitored seismic waves;

[0008] The sensor measurement unit is used to measure each of the seismic signals and send the seismic signals to the control unit;

[0009] The control unit is used to receive the seismic signal sent by the sensor measuring unit, and record the timestamp of the sensor measuring unit measuring the seismic signal to obtain the first time; preset the position coordinates of the seismic source to obtain the first coordinates; calculate the distance between each seismic sensor and the seismic source according to the position coordinates of each seismic sensor and the first coordinates to obtain each first distance; calculate the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor respectively; the target seismic sensor is a sensor among the four seismic sensors, and the other seismic sensors are sensors among the four seismic sensors except the target seismic sensor; calculate the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor respectively; obtain each first difference; calculate the position coordinates of the seismic source according to each first distance, each first difference, and the seismic wave propagation speed.

[0010] In an optional implementation manner, the control unit is specifically configured to:

[0011] According to the following formula, calculate the location coordinates of the earthquake source;

[0012]

[0013] Wherein, the simulation acquisition unit includes a first seismic sensor, a second seismic sensor, a third seismic sensor, and a fourth seismic sensor; ; The position coordinates of the seismic source are (x, y, z); the position coordinates of the first seismic sensor are (x0, y0, z0), the position coordinates of the second seismic sensor are (x1, y1, z1), the position coordinates of the third seismic sensor are (x2, y2, z2), and the position coordinates of the fourth seismic sensor are (x3, y3, z3), r0 is the distance from the first seismic sensor to the seismic source, v represents the propagation speed of seismic waves, t0 is the time when the first seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t1 is the time when the second seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t2 is the time when the third seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t3 is the time when the fourth seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; , , .

[0014] In an optional implementation manner, the control unit is specifically configured to:

[0015] After acquiring each seismic signal sent by the sensor measurement unit, classify each seismic signal based on the waveform information of each seismic signal, divide the seismic signals belonging to the same seismic event into the same group, and obtain multiple seismic signal groups;

[0016] For each group of seismic signal groups, the position coordinates of the seismic source of the group of seismic events are preset to obtain the first coordinates; according to the position coordinates of each seismic sensor and the first coordinates, the distance between each seismic sensor and the seismic source is calculated respectively; each first distance is obtained; the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively; the target seismic sensor is a sensor among the four seismic sensors, and the other seismic sensors are sensors among the four seismic sensors except the target seismic sensor; the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively; each first difference is obtained; according to each first distance, each first difference, and the seismic wave propagation speed, the position coordinates of the seismic source of the group of seismic events are calculated.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the sensor measurement unit includes:

[0018] Input circuit, attenuation circuit with bias, single-ended to differential circuit, acquisition circuit;

[0019] The first end of the input circuit is connected to each of the seismic sensors, the second end of the input circuit is connected to the first end of the biased attenuation circuit, the second end of the biased attenuation circuit is connected to the first end of the single-ended to differential circuit, the second end of the single-ended to differential circuit is connected to the first end of the acquisition circuit, and the second end of the acquisition circuit is connected to the control unit.

[0020] In an optional implementation, the seismic source monitoring system further comprises a storage unit, and the position coordinates of each seismic sensor are pre-stored in the storage unit;

[0021] The seismic signal includes a first identifier, the first identifier being an identifier of a seismic sensor that generates the seismic signal;

[0022] The control unit is used for acquiring the first identifier corresponding to the seismic signal and, based on the first identifier, acquiring the position coordinates of the seismic sensor corresponding to the first identifier from the storage unit.

[0023] In an optional implementation, the seismic source monitoring system further includes a communication unit; the communication unit includes a wired communication module and a wireless communication module;

[0024] The wired communication module is connected to the control unit via a UART bus;

[0025] The wireless communication module is connected to the control unit via a USB bus.

[0026] In an optional implementation, the communication unit further includes an RS485 interface;

[0027] The RS485 interface is used to connect to a preset handheld measuring device.

[0028] In an optional implementation, the seismic source monitoring system further includes a power management unit;

[0029] The power management unit is used to provide the required current to the control unit and the analog acquisition unit.

[0030] In an optional implementation, the power management unit includes a solar panel module and a mains power supply module.

[0031] In an optional implementation, the system further includes an early warning unit;

[0032] The early warning unit is connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to generate early warning information when the seismic signal exceeds a preset threshold, and send the early warning information to the early warning unit. The early warning unit is used to display the early warning information to remind the user that the seismic signal exceeds the preset threshold.

[0033] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application:

[0034] An earthquake source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application arranges four earthquake sensors, presets the position coordinates of the earthquake source to obtain a first coordinate, calculates the difference between the first time corresponding to other earthquake sensors and the first time corresponding to the target earthquake sensor according to the position coordinates and the first coordinates of each earthquake sensor, and obtains each first difference, calculates the position coordinates of the earthquake source based on the arrival time difference (TDOA) positioning algorithm according to each first distance, each first difference, and the propagation speed of earthquake waves, and can accurately determine the position coordinates of the earthquake source.

[0035] Of course, implementing any product or method of the present application does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0037] Figure 1-1 A first schematic diagram of a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 1-2 A schematic diagram of the position coordinates of seismic sensors in the seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 1-3 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 A second schematic diagram of a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3-1 A first schematic diagram of an input circuit in a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3-2 A second schematic diagram of an input circuit in a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3-3 A third schematic diagram of an input circuit in a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3-4 A fourth schematic diagram of an input circuit in a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an attenuation circuit with bias in a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a single-ended to differential conversion in a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 A third schematic diagram of a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 Another flow chart of a seismic source monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] like Figure 1-1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a seismic source monitoring system, the system comprising:

[0051] A control unit 10 and a simulation acquisition unit 20; wherein the simulation acquisition unit 20 comprises a sensor measurement unit 202 and four seismic sensors 201;

[0052] Each of the seismic sensors 201 is used to generate a seismic signal based on the monitored seismic waves;

[0053] The sensor measurement unit 202 is used to measure each of the seismic signals and send the seismic signals to the control unit 10;

[0054] The control unit 10 is used to preset the position coordinates of the seismic source to obtain the first coordinates; and record the timestamp of the sensor measurement unit measuring the seismic signal to obtain the first time; according to the position coordinates of each seismic sensor and the first coordinates, respectively calculate the distance between each seismic sensor and the seismic source; obtain each first distance; respectively calculate the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor; the target seismic sensor is a sensor among the four seismic sensors, and the other seismic sensors are sensors among the four seismic sensors except the target seismic sensor; respectively calculate the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor; obtain each first difference; according to each first distance, each first difference, and the seismic wave propagation speed, calculate the position coordinates of the seismic source.

[0055] The seismic source monitoring system can be arranged in 4 seismic sensors, and the seismic sensors can be IEPE piezoelectric accelerometers for vibration measurement. The 4 seismic sensors are located in different positions, and each seismic sensor is used to monitor seismic waves. When the seismic sensor detects seismic waves, a seismic signal is generated. In an example, Figure 1-2 As shown, the earthquake source monitoring system is equipped with 4 earthquake sensors (earthquake sensor 1, earthquake sensor 2, earthquake sensor 3, earthquake sensor 4), among which Station0 (x0, y0) is the coordinate position of earthquake sensor 1, Station1 (x1, y1) is the coordinate position of earthquake sensor 2, Station2 (x2, y2) is the coordinate position of earthquake sensor 3, and Station3 (x3, y3) is the coordinate position of earthquake sensor 4. P (x, y) represents the coordinate position of the earthquake source.

[0056] The control unit may send an instruction to measure the seismic signal to the sensor measurement unit. For example, the control unit sends an instruction to measure the seismic signal to the sensor measurement unit at every preset time period. The sensor measurement unit measures each seismic sensor based on the instruction to measure the seismic signal, then amplifies, filters, conditions, collects the measured seismic signal, and finally sends it to the control unit. The preset time period can be determined based on actual conditions and is not limited here.

[0057] The control unit receives the seismic signal sent by the sensor measurement unit and records the timestamp of the sensor measurement unit measuring the seismic signal to obtain the first time. Every time the control unit sends an instruction to measure the seismic signal to the sensor measurement unit, the sensor measurement unit will measure the seismic sensor, and then feedback the result of this acquisition to the control unit. The control unit can record the timestamp of the sensor measurement unit measuring the seismic signal to obtain the first time. Exemplarily, the control unit sends an instruction to measure the seismic signal to the sensor measurement unit. Because 4 seismic sensors are set, the sensor measurement unit measures the seismic signals of the 4 seismic sensors respectively, and then sends the 4 acquired seismic signals to the control unit respectively. The seismic signal includes the identification of the corresponding seismic sensor. For each seismic signal, the control unit receives the seismic signal sent by the sensor measurement unit, records the timestamp of the sensor measurement unit measuring the seismic signal, and obtains the first time.

[0058] The position coordinates of the four seismic sensors arranged in the seismic source monitoring system can be pre-stored in a preset storage unit. After obtaining the seismic signal, the control unit can obtain the position coordinates of the seismic sensor from the storage unit. In another example, the position coordinates of the seismic sensor are the installation information of the seismic sensor. The sensor measurement unit pre-stores the installation information of the seismic sensor. The sensor measurement unit measures the seismic wave signal monitored by each seismic sensor, and generates a seismic signal based on the measured seismic wave signal, the time when the seismic wave is monitored, and the installation information of the seismic sensor. The seismic signal includes the first time and the position coordinates of the seismic sensor. In this way, the control unit can directly obtain the position coordinates of the seismic sensor based on the seismic signal sent by the seismic sensor.

[0059] In order to determine the position coordinates of the earthquake source, the control unit presets the position coordinates of the earthquake source to obtain the first coordinates. For example, the first coordinates are (x, y, z), and the coordinates of the earthquake sensor 201 are , the coordinates of the seismic sensor 201 are , the coordinates of the seismic sensor 201 are , the coordinates of the seismic sensor 201 are , , , , To the earthquake source The straight-line distances are , , , , respectively calculate the distance difference between other seismic sensors and seismic sensor 201, and the corresponding distance difference is , , , and obtain the first difference values; the specific times when the seismic waves arrive at the four sensors are detected by the sensors respectively , , , , respectively calculating the difference between the first time corresponding to other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the seismic sensor 201, , , , assuming that the ideal seismic wave velocity in the environment is constant and is a fixed value v, we finally get the equations for position and time:

[0060]

[0061] From the above formula, we can get:

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] because

[0066] definition ; From the above formula, we can know:

[0067]

[0068] The simulation acquisition unit 20 includes four seismic sensors, namely, a first seismic sensor, a second seismic sensor, a third seismic sensor, and a fourth seismic sensor; wherein the position coordinates of the first seismic sensor are (x0, y0, z0), the position coordinates of the second seismic sensor are (x1, y1, z1), the position coordinates of the third seismic sensor are (x2, y2, z2), and the position coordinates of the fourth seismic sensor are (x3, y3, z3), r0 is the distance from the first seismic sensor to the seismic source, r1 is the distance from the second seismic sensor to the seismic source, r2 is the distance from the third seismic sensor to the seismic source, and r3 is the distance from the fourth seismic sensor to the seismic source. , , , v represents the propagation velocity of seismic waves, t0 is the time when the first seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t1 is the time when the second seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t2 is the time when the third seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t3 is the time when the fourth seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; , , .

[0069] Only x, y, and z are unknown quantities, and solving the above equations can obtain the coordinates of the earthquake source.

[0070] By arranging 4 seismic sensors, the position coordinates of the seismic source are preset to obtain the first coordinates, and the distance between each seismic sensor and the seismic source is calculated according to the position coordinates and the first coordinates of each seismic sensor; each first distance is obtained; the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively, and the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively to obtain each first difference; according to each first distance, each first difference, and the propagation speed of seismic waves, the position coordinates of the seismic source are calculated based on the arrival time difference (TDOA) positioning algorithm, and the position coordinates of the seismic source can be accurately determined.

[0071] The seismic source monitoring system is used in the application scenario of out-of-bounds mining to achieve accurate detection of out-of-bounds mining.

[0072] In an optional implementation, the simulation acquisition unit 20 includes a first seismic sensor, a second seismic sensor, a third seismic sensor, and a fourth seismic sensor; the control unit is specifically configured to:

[0073] According to the following formula, calculate the location coordinates of the earthquake source;

[0074]

[0075] in, ; The position coordinates of the seismic source are (x, y, z); the position coordinates of the first seismic sensor are (x0, y0, z0), the position coordinates of the second seismic sensor are (x1, y1, z1), the position coordinates of the third seismic sensor are (x2, y2, z2), and the position coordinates of the fourth seismic sensor are (x3, y3, z3), r0 is the distance from the first seismic sensor to the seismic source, v represents the propagation speed of seismic waves, t0 is the time when the first seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t1 is the time when the second seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t2 is the time when the third seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t3 is the time when the fourth seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; , , .

[0076] By arranging 4 seismic sensors, the position coordinates of the earthquake source are preset to obtain the first coordinates. According to the position coordinates and the first coordinates of each seismic sensor, the differences between the first time corresponding to other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor are calculated respectively to obtain each first difference. According to each first distance, each first difference, and the propagation speed of seismic waves, the position coordinates of the earthquake source are calculated based on the arrival time difference (TDOA) positioning algorithm, and the position coordinates of the earthquake source can be accurately determined.

[0077] In an optional implementation manner, the control unit is specifically configured to:

[0078] After acquiring each seismic signal sent by the sensor measurement unit, classify each seismic signal based on the waveform information of each seismic signal, divide the seismic signals belonging to the same seismic event into the same group, and obtain multiple seismic signal groups;

[0079] For each group of seismic signal groups, the position coordinates of the seismic source of the group of seismic events are preset to obtain the first coordinates; according to the position coordinates of each seismic sensor and the first coordinates, the distance between each seismic sensor and the seismic source is calculated respectively; each first distance is obtained; the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively; the target seismic sensor is a sensor among the four seismic sensors, and the other seismic sensors are sensors among the four seismic sensors except the target seismic sensor; the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively; each first difference is obtained; according to each first distance, each first difference, and the seismic wave propagation speed, the position coordinates of the seismic source of the group of seismic events are calculated.

[0080] In engineering applications, for example, during mining, there are usually multiple blasting points, and at this time, there will be multiple seismic events.

[0081] The seismic signal sent by the sensor measurement unit to the control unit includes the identification information of the seismic sensor that generates the seismic signal. After acquiring each seismic signal, the control unit classifies each seismic signal and divides the seismic signals belonging to the same seismic event into the same group to obtain multiple seismic signal groups.

[0082] Exemplarily, each seismic signal includes waveform information, and the waveform information includes waveform information of longitudinal waves, transverse waves and surface waves. The control unit calculates the similarity of the waveform information of each seismic wave signal, and regards the seismic signals with similarity greater than a preset similarity threshold as the seismic signals of the same seismic event, and divides the seismic signals belonging to the same seismic event into the same group, thereby obtaining multiple groups of seismic signal groups.

[0083] The seismic signals of the same seismic event have a common seismic source. For each group of seismic signal groups, the control unit presets the position coordinates of the seismic source of the group of seismic signal groups to obtain the first coordinates. Because the seismic signal includes the identification information of the seismic sensor that generates the seismic signal, the control unit obtains the position coordinates and the first coordinates of each seismic sensor based on the identification information of each seismic sensor, and then calculates the distance between each seismic sensor and the seismic source according to the position coordinates and the first coordinates of each seismic sensor to obtain each first distance, and calculates the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor respectively; the target seismic sensor is a sensor among the four seismic sensors, and the other seismic sensors are sensors among the four seismic sensors except the target seismic sensor; the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively; each first difference is obtained; the position coordinates of the seismic source are calculated according to each first distance, each first difference, and the propagation speed of seismic waves.

[0084] After acquiring each seismic signal, the control unit first groups the seismic signals, divides the seismic signals belonging to the same seismic event into the same group, and then determines the position coordinates of the seismic source of each seismic event to avoid confusing the seismic signals of different seismic events when there are multiple seismic events. This can improve the accuracy of the determined position coordinates of the seismic source.

[0085] Based on the above embodiments, see Figure 1-3 , Figure 1-3 A flow chart of a seismic source monitoring system;

[0086] First, each of the seismic sensors 201 generates a seismic signal based on the monitored seismic waves;

[0087] Data acquisition: the sensor measurement unit 202 acquires each of the seismic signals and sends the seismic signals to the control unit 10;

[0088] The control unit 10 analyzes the signal characteristics for preprocessing: After acquiring each seismic signal, the control unit classifies each seismic signal and divides the seismic signals belonging to the same seismic event into the same group to obtain multiple seismic signal groups.

[0089] Arrival time of seismic signal: the control unit receives the seismic signal sent by the sensor measurement unit, and records the timestamp of the seismic signal measured by the sensor measurement unit to obtain the first time, which can represent the time when the seismic signal reaches the sensor, and the seismic signal generated by the seismic wave monitored by the sensor. For each group of seismic signal groups, the control unit presets the position coordinates of the seismic source of the group of seismic signal groups to obtain the first coordinates, because the seismic signal includes the identification information of the seismic sensor that generates the seismic signal, and the control unit obtains the position coordinates and the first coordinates of each seismic sensor based on the identification information of each seismic sensor, and then calculates the distance between each seismic sensor and the seismic source according to the position coordinates and the first coordinates of each seismic sensor, obtains each first distance, and calculates the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor respectively; the target seismic sensor is a sensor among the four seismic sensors, and the other seismic sensors are sensors other than the target seismic sensor among the four seismic sensors; respectively calculate the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor; obtain each first difference, that is, obtain each arrival time difference, and finally calculate the position coordinates of the seismic source according to each first distance, each first difference, and the propagation speed of seismic waves.

[0090] In an optional implementation, the sensor measurement unit 202 includes:

[0091] Input circuit, attenuation circuit with bias, single-ended to differential circuit, acquisition circuit;

[0092] The first end of the input circuit is connected to each of the seismic sensors, the second end of the input circuit is connected to the first end of the biased attenuation circuit, the second end of the biased attenuation circuit is connected to the first end of the single-ended to differential circuit, the second end of the single-ended to differential circuit is connected to the first end of the acquisition circuit, and the second end of the acquisition circuit is connected to the control unit.

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, since there are 4 seismic sensors (2011, 2012, 2013, 2014), each seismic sensor corresponds to an input circuit, an attenuation circuit with bias, and a single-ended to differential circuit. For example, seismic sensor 2011 corresponds to input circuit 20211, attenuation circuit 20212 with bias, and single-ended to differential circuit 20213; seismic sensor 2012 corresponds to input circuit 20221, attenuation circuit 20222 with bias, and single-ended to differential circuit 20223; seismic sensor 2013 corresponds to input circuit 20231, attenuation circuit 20232 with bias, and single-ended to differential circuit 20233; seismic sensor 2014 corresponds to input circuit 20241, attenuation circuit 20242 with bias, and single-ended to differential circuit 20243.

[0094] The first end of the input circuit is connected to the seismic sensor. When it is necessary to collect the seismic signal generated by the seismic sensor, the seismic sensor sends the seismic signal to the collection circuit 2024 through the input circuit, the biased attenuation circuit, and the single-ended to differential circuit.

[0095] In an optional implementation, the seismic source monitoring system further includes a current source, wherein the current source is connected to each of the seismic sensors, and the current source is used to drive each of the seismic sensors to operate.

[0096] The current source may be a programmable current source, which drives the seismic sensor with a constant current. The current value output by the programmable current source may be set by an external resistor. The current value output by the programmable current source is typically set between 2 mA and 20 mA depending on the type of sensor and cable.

[0097] Exemplarily, the seismic sensor may be powered by a constant current source. Each seismic sensor includes a connector such as Figure 3-1 As shown, J1 is a connector of the seismic sensor 1, the pin of J1 is connected to the first end of S11 and the first end of S12, the second end of S11 is connected to the constant current source, and the second end of S12 is connected to the first end of the attenuation circuit 2022 with bias. The control end of S11 and the control end of S12 are respectively connected to the control unit. When J1 needs to be charged, the control unit controls S11 to close and supplies power to J1 through the constant current source. When the seismic signal of the seismic sensor 1 needs to be collected, the control unit controls S12 to close, so that the seismic signal generated by J1 can be sent to the attenuation circuit 2022 with bias.

[0098] Similarly, if Figure 3-2 As shown, J2 is a connector of the seismic sensor 2, the pin of J2 is connected to the first end of S21 and the first end of S22, the second end of S21 is connected to the constant current source, and the second end of S22 is connected to the first end of the attenuation circuit 2022 with bias. The control end of S21 and the control end of S22 are respectively connected to the control unit. When it is necessary to charge J2, the control unit controls S21 to close and supplies power to J2 through the constant current source. When it is necessary to collect the seismic signal of the seismic sensor 2, the control unit controls S22 to close, so that the seismic signal generated by J2 can be sent to the attenuation circuit 2022 with bias.

[0099] In an example, Figure 3-3 As shown, the input circuit 2021 includes an electronic switch U4, which includes a switch S11 and a switch S12, wherein U4 includes 10 pins (1-10), and J1 includes 4 pins (1, 2, 3, 4).

[0100] Pin 1 of J1 is the power supply terminal, which can be connected to power supply 1. The power supply is used to power the connector. Power supply 1 can be 24V DC. When J1 needs 24V DC, J1 can be connected to power supply 1. Pin 3 of J1 is connected to the signal ground (GND), and pin 4 of J1 is connected to the chassis ground (CHASSIS).

[0101] Pin 2 of J1 is connected to the first end of S11 through pin 1 of U4 and to the first end of S12 through pin 2 of U4. The second end of S11 is connected to the constant current source through pin 10 of U4. The second end of S12 is connected to the first end of the biased attenuation circuit 2022 through pin 9.

[0102] Pin 5 of U4 is connected to power supply 2, which is used to supply power to U4. Power supply 2 can be 24V DC. C1 is a filter capacitor.

[0103] The control unit sends the instruction of controlling S11 to be closed or opened to U4 through pin 8 of U4, the control unit sends the instruction of controlling S12 to be closed or opened to U4 through pin 7 of U4, and the control unit collects the state signal of the electronic switch through pin 3 of U4.

[0104] In an example, Figure 3-4 As shown in the figure, the circuit diagram of the constant current source is used for power supply. The constant current source is U2, which includes 8 pins (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8), among which pins 7 and 8 are power supplies. The power supply in the figure is +V24_H, which is used to power U2. The constant current source U2 outputs current through pins 2, 3, and 4, and is connected to pin 10 of U4 through resistor R19; among which, the other pin information of U4 is shown in Figure 3-3 , the current is adjusted through pin 5, pin 1 and pin 6 are not used; resistors R17, R18, R19, capacitors C14, C15, C16 can play a filtering role. GND_H is the signal ground.

[0105] In an example, Figure 4 As shown, the biased attenuation circuit 2022 includes R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, C2, C3, C4, and amplifier U5. The connection relationship of each component is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the amplifier in-phase terminal is connected to a first reference voltage, and the first reference voltage can be determined based on actual conditions. The amplifier output terminal is connected to a single-ended to differential circuit, and the first end of R2 is connected to the input circuit. In one example, the reference voltage of the amplifier in-phase terminal is V1, and the power supply that outputs the V1 voltage can be directly output to the amplifier in-phase terminal. In another example, the present application can provide a reference voltage generating circuit for generating a voltage at the amplifier in-phase terminal. The reference voltage generating circuit can refer to the reference voltage generating circuit in the related art, and is not limited here. One end of the amplifier is connected to power supply 3, and power supply 3 is used to provide power for U5. In one example, power supply 3 provides 5V DC.

[0106] In an example, Figure 5 As shown, the single-ended to differential circuit 2023 includes R22, R30, C21, R23, R31, C22, R24, R32, C18, C24, R20, R36, U3 (differential filter), C19, C23, C25, a first output terminal, a second output terminal, wherein the first output terminal and the second output terminal are connected to the acquisition circuit. The biased attenuation circuit outputs to the first end of R30, and the first end of R22 is connected to the second reference voltage. The second reference voltage can be determined based on the actual situation. In one example, the reference voltage connected to the first end of R22 is V2, and the power supply that outputs the V2 voltage can be directly output to the first end of R22. In another example, the present application can provide a reference voltage generation circuit for generating a voltage at the first end of R22. The reference voltage generation circuit can refer to the reference voltage generation circuit in the related art, which is not limited here.

[0107] The differential filter U3 can be a digital-to-analog converter. The differential filter U3 is a buffer and output amplification and level conversion operational amplifier, which plays a filtering role and is used to shift the input signal to close to the common mode voltage (VCOM), for example, the common mode voltage is 2.5 V, to balance the input of the acquisition circuit.

[0108] The acquisition circuit may refer to the acquisition circuit in the prior art. For example, the acquisition circuit may use a fully differential Σ-Δ ADC to perform high-speed acquisition, which is not specifically limited here.

[0109] In an optional implementation, the seismic source monitoring system further includes a communication unit; the communication unit includes a wired communication module and a wireless communication module;

[0110] The wired communication module is connected to the control unit via a UART bus;

[0111] The wireless communication module is connected to the control unit via a USB bus.

[0112] The wired communication module may be a GNSS positioning and calibration unit, the GNSS positioning and calibration unit may be a 100M network port, and the wireless communication module may be a 4G mobile communication unit.

[0113] 4G mobile communication units can adopt compact packaged chip modules.

[0114] The GNSS positioning and calibration unit uses a communication module that supports multiple star system positioning and navigation systems, which can include: GPS, GLONASS, BDS, QZSS. It also supports AGNSS function.

[0115] The GNSS positioning calibration unit is connected to the control unit via a UART bus, and the 4G mobile communication unit is connected to the control unit via a USB bus.

[0116] After processing the external data, for example, after determining the location of the earthquake source, the control unit can transmit the data to the application platform through wired communication or wireless communication to achieve real-time monitoring of the deformation of the object being measured.

[0117] In an optional implementation, the communication unit further includes an RS485 interface; the RS485 interface is used to connect to a preset handheld measuring device.

[0118] The communication unit may further include an RS485 interface, which is reserved for a preset handheld measuring device. The preset handheld measuring device may be a handheld data reader, a Lora unit interface, a Beidou three short message interface, etc., which is not limited here.

[0119] In an optional implementation, the seismic source monitoring system further includes a power management unit;

[0120] The power management unit is used to provide the required current to the control unit and the analog acquisition unit.

[0121] In an optional implementation, the power management unit includes a solar panel module and a mains power supply module.

[0122] In an optional implementation, the system further includes an early warning unit;

[0123] The early warning unit is connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to generate early warning information when the seismic signal exceeds a preset threshold, and send the early warning information to the early warning unit. The early warning unit is used to display the early warning information to remind the user that the seismic signal exceeds the preset threshold.

[0124] The earthquake source monitoring system adopts two power supply modes, one is the commonly used solar panel + battery power supply, and the other is AC power + UPS (Uninterruptible Power System). Whether it is AC power or solar power supply, it needs to be converted into 12VDC, 2A~3A power supply at the front end of the equipment.

[0125] The earthquake source monitoring system consists of an aluminum alloy shell, a core board (MCU core processing unit, 4G module, GNSS module, analog acquisition unit, power module, various external interfaces including RS485,) and 4 earthquake sensors (each sensor has 2 wires: sensor +, sensor -).

[0126] like Figure 6 As shown, the earthquake source monitoring system includes a control unit, an analog acquisition unit, a 4G module, a GNSS module, and a power module. The control unit can be connected to the reserved aviation plug RJ45 through the debugging console (instrument) port and the PHY port with 1588 function. 2 cores x4 represent 4 seismic sensors, each of which is 2 cores. The control unit can also reserve the RS485 handheld reader LORA port. The information processed by the control unit can be sent to the RS485 handheld reader through the reserved RS485 handheld reader LORA port. The control unit is connected to a clock interface. The control unit first needs to synchronize (calibrate the time). Among them, synchronization supports three modes. The objects of clock synchronization are Ethernet, GNSS and external clock, that is, Ethernet synchronization, GNSS synchronization, and external clock synchronization are performed respectively.

[0127] The power module is connected to an external 12-24VDC power supply through a 2-core aviation plug and converted into the voltage and current required by other units; in addition, the power module can also be connected to an external battery power supply DC7.2V.

[0128] The 4G module may be a waterproof SMA4G antenna, and the GNSS module may be a waterproof SMAGNSS antenna.

[0129] The chip of the control unit can integrate a high-performance core with an operating frequency of 168MHz, a high-speed embedded memory, and I / 0 and peripheral devices connected to two APB buses. The chip of the control unit is connected to the power management unit through the GPIO pin, controls the power supply of the power management unit through the GPIO pin, connects to the analog acquisition unit through the SPI bus, and connects to the communication unit through the USB bus.

[0130] All devices of the control unit chip provide two 12-bit ADCs, 12 general-purpose 16-bit timers, two 32-bit timers and four PWM timers, as well as standard and advanced communication interfaces, including up to three I2Cs, three SP1s, two I2Ss, four USARTs, two UARTs, one USB OTGFS, one USB OTGHS and two CANs. The control unit chip supports Ethernet interface, RMII / MII with IEEE 1588V2 PTP hardware function.

[0131] The chip of the control unit performs parameter configuration and system upgrades on the hardware product through the 4G, E1 or console (instrument) port. The seismic sensor can be an IEPE piezoelectric acceleration sensor, and the analog acquisition unit is an IEPE piezoelectric acceleration sensor measurement unit. The analog acquisition unit realizes the collection of relevant data of the seismic sensor.

[0132] The control unit chip can operate in the temperature range of -40℃ to +105℃ and is powered by a 2.0 to 3.6V power supply.

[0133] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the working process of the seismic source monitoring system is as follows:

[0134] The MCU is powered on and then initialized (main chip initialization);

[0135] First of all, clock synchronization is required, that is, the MCU first needs to calibrate the time. Among them, time synchronization supports three methods. The objects of clock synchronization are Ethernet, GNSS and external clock, that is, Ethernet time synchronization, GNSS time synchronization and external clock time synchronization are performed respectively.

[0136] After completing the clock synchronization operation, the MCU then performs a default parameter update. For example, the MCU reads and updates the program default configuration parameters, and then performs an initialization self-test on each peripheral module ( Figure 7 Initialize the peripheral modules in the process), determine whether the initialization / self-test is successful. If so, determine that the equipment operation conditions are met, start task scheduling, and perform data collection. If not, continue to initialize the peripheral modules.

[0137] After each unit is started, start the data collection task, alarm task, information reporting task, cloud downlink data processing task, 4G module drive task, Ethernet control task, remote upgrade task, PMU management task, RTC time management task, serial port communication task, and indicator light status control task.

[0138] After starting data collection, the MCU controls the sensor measurement unit to measure the seismic signal of the seismic sensor, and then the sensor measurement unit sends the collected data to the MCU, which makes a data judgment to determine whether the data is abnormal. If so, it performs an abnormal state alarm task, and generates an abnormal prompt message to remind the user that the collected data is abnormal. If not, data storage is performed. First, turn on the 4G module power, then initialize the 4G module, initialize the GNSS module, initialize the Ethernet, and determine whether the initialization is successful. If not, continue initialization. If yes, communicate with the cloud platform to perform data reporting, remote parameter setting, remote telemetry, remote upgrade and other services.

[0139] Data acquisition task: This task is mainly to collect the parameters and information required by the system, for example, to collect seismic signals from seismic sensors, and to combine the data according to the real-time acquisition time according to the local RTC (real-time collaboration) system to form a data structure and store it in FLASH (cache);

[0140] Additional alarm task: Set any two sets of thresholds in the program to add warning thresholds and alarm thresholds. The program compares the real-time data collection value with the additional value to perform additional alarm processing.

[0141] For example, when the data value collected in real time is not less than the warning threshold, it means that the data value at this time requires a warning. When the data value collected in real time is not less than the alarm threshold, alarm processing is performed.

[0142] Data reporting task: This task encapsulates and verifies the IPEP acceleration test data and network status data stored locally, packages them according to the established frame format, and reports the data to the cloud MQTT server using the MQTT protocol.

[0143] Cloud downlink data processing task: This task parses the cloud downlink data according to the established frame format to realize the remote parameter setting function, remote telemetry function, and remote upgrade function;

[0144] 4G module driver task: This task drives the 4G module through AT commands, including network parameter settings, network status acquisition, network resident management, and network disconnection and reconnection processing operations to ensure the stability of the communication link.

[0145] LoRa module driver task: This task is responsible for driving the LoRa module, including LoRa network parameter configuration, network management, and network status acquisition to ensure the stability of the communication link.

[0146] Ethernet control task: This task configures Ethernet related parameters to implement the handshake, interaction, disconnection and IEEE 1588 time synchronization functions of the Ethernet module network.

[0147] Remote upgrade task: This task is responsible for interacting with the OTA server, obtaining the target upgrade package according to the OTA (Over-the-Air Technology) server protocol, verifying and saving the downloaded upgrade package, and starting breakpoint resumption when the download link is abnormal to ensure the continuity and stability of the upgrade.

[0148] PMU management task: This task manages the power consumption level of the entire system during long-distance travel, distinguishes between battery power supply and strong power supply, and ensures that the power consumption of the system meets the established requirements after entering sleep mode when powered by battery.

[0149] RTC time management task: perform RTC time maintenance locally, and perform time calibration after the 4G module network connection is successful to ensure time accuracy.

[0150] Serial port communication task: The serial port can be used to set parameters and perform near-field maintenance on the device.

[0151] Indicator light status control task: Get the device status by analyzing the collected data, and update the indicator light status according to the device status.

[0152] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, a computer, a server or a data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive Solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.

[0153] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0154] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0155] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A seismic source monitoring system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A control unit and a simulation acquisition unit; wherein the simulation acquisition unit includes a sensor measurement unit and four seismic sensors; Each of the seismic sensors is used to generate a seismic signal based on the monitored seismic waves; The sensor measurement unit is used to measure each of the seismic signals and send the seismic signals to the control unit; The control unit is used to receive the seismic signal sent by the sensor measuring unit, and record the timestamp of the sensor measuring unit measuring the seismic signal to obtain the first time; preset the position coordinates of the seismic source to obtain the first coordinates; calculate the distance between each seismic sensor and the seismic source according to the position coordinates of each seismic sensor and the first coordinates to obtain each first distance; calculate the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor respectively; the target seismic sensor is a sensor among the four seismic sensors, and the other seismic sensors are sensors among the four seismic sensors except the target seismic sensor; calculate the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor respectively; obtain each first difference; calculate the position coordinates of the seismic source according to each first distance, each first difference, and the seismic wave propagation speed.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The control unit is specifically used for: According to the following formula, calculate the location coordinates of the earthquake source; ; Wherein, the simulation acquisition unit includes a first seismic sensor, a second seismic sensor, a third seismic sensor, and a fourth seismic sensor; ; The position coordinates of the seismic source are (x, y, z); the position coordinates of the first seismic sensor are (x0, y0, z0), the position coordinates of the second seismic sensor are (x1, y1, z1), the position coordinates of the third seismic sensor are (x2, y2, z2), and the position coordinates of the fourth seismic sensor are (x3, y3, z3), r0 is the distance from the first seismic sensor to the seismic source, v represents the propagation speed of seismic waves, t0 is the time when the first seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t1 is the time when the second seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t2 is the time when the third seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; t3 is the time when the fourth seismic sensor detects the seismic wave; , , .

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The control unit is specifically used for: After acquiring each seismic signal sent by the sensor measurement unit, classify each seismic signal based on the waveform information of each seismic signal, divide the seismic signals belonging to the same seismic event into the same group, and obtain multiple seismic signal groups; For each group of seismic signal groups, the position coordinates of the seismic source of the seismic event of the group are preset to obtain the first coordinates; according to the position coordinates of each seismic sensor and the first coordinates, the distances between each seismic sensor and the seismic source are calculated respectively; each first distance is obtained; the distance difference between other seismic sensors and the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively; the target seismic sensor is a sensor among the four seismic sensors, and the other seismic sensors are sensors among the four seismic sensors except the target seismic sensor; the difference between the first time corresponding to the other seismic sensors and the first time corresponding to the target seismic sensor is calculated respectively; Obtain each first difference; and calculate the position coordinates of the seismic source of the group of seismic events based on each of the first distances, each of the first differences, and the seismic wave propagation velocity.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The sensor measurement unit comprises: Input circuit, attenuation circuit with bias, single-ended to differential circuit, acquisition circuit; The first end of the input circuit is connected to each of the seismic sensors, the second end of the input circuit is connected to the first end of the biased attenuation circuit, the second end of the biased attenuation circuit is connected to the first end of the single-ended to differential circuit, the second end of the single-ended to differential circuit is connected to the first end of the acquisition circuit, and the second end of the acquisition circuit is connected to the control unit.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The seismic source monitoring system further comprises a storage unit, in which the position coordinates of each seismic sensor are pre-stored; The seismic signal includes a first identifier, the first identifier being an identifier of a seismic sensor that generates the seismic signal; The control unit is used for acquiring the first identifier corresponding to the seismic signal and, based on the first identifier, acquiring the position coordinates of the seismic sensor corresponding to the first identifier from the storage unit.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The seismic source monitoring system further comprises a communication unit; the communication unit comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module; The wired communication module is connected to the control unit via a UART bus; The wireless communication module is connected to the control unit via a USB bus.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The communication unit also includes an RS485 interface; The RS485 interface is used to connect to a preset handheld measuring device.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The seismic source monitoring system also includes a power management unit; The power management unit is used to provide the required current for the control unit and the analog acquisition unit.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The power management unit includes a solar panel module and a mains power supply module.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system also includes an early warning unit; The early warning unit is connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to generate early warning information when the seismic signal exceeds a preset threshold, and send the early warning information to the early warning unit. The early warning unit is used to display the early warning information to remind the user that the seismic signal exceeds the preset threshold.

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