Display panel and display device

Abstract

According to the display panel and the display device provided by the invention, the attention of a driver can be prevented from being distracted by light rays of different light paths of the display panel, and the safety of a vehicle in the driving process can be improved. The display panel comprises a first substrate, a filter layer and a photonic crystal beam splitter, the first substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are oppositely arranged in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the filter layer is arranged on the first surface and comprises a plurality of pixels, the pixels are arranged in an array, and each pixel comprises a plurality of sub-pixels; the photonic crystal light splitting sheet is arranged on the second surface, the photonic crystal light splitting sheet comprises a plurality of light splitting parts, the plurality of light splitting parts and the plurality of pixels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each light splitting part comprises a plurality of sub light splitting parts, each sub light splitting part and one sub pixel are arranged in a corresponding manner, and the light splitting directions of at least two sub light splitting parts are different.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of electrification, intelligence, networking and sharing in the automotive industry, in-vehicle displays are gradually developing in the direction of large screens, connected screens and multiple screens. The display panels of in-vehicle displays usually include the main driver's screen, the central control screen and the co-driver's screen. The viewing angle of the in-vehicle display is large, and the driver can see the display screen of the main driver's screen as well as the display screen of the co-driver's screen and the central control screen. However, during the driving of the vehicle, the light of the co-driver's screen and the central control screen can easily distract the driver's attention, reducing the safety of the vehicle during driving. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a display panel and a display device, which can prevent the light from different optical paths of the display panel from distracting the driver's attention, thereby helping to improve the safety of the vehicle during driving.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a display panel, comprising a first substrate, a filter layer and a photonic crystal spectrometer, wherein the first substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the first substrate, the filter layer is arranged on the first surface, the filter layer comprises a plurality of pixels, the plurality of pixels are arranged in an array, and each of the pixels comprises a plurality of sub-pixels; the photonic crystal spectrometer is arranged on the second surface, the photonic crystal spectrometer comprises a plurality of spectrometers, the plurality of spectrometers are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixels, each of the spectrometers comprises a plurality of sub-splitters, each of the sub-splitters is arranged in correspondence with one sub-pixel, and at least two of the sub-splitters have different spectrometer directions.

[0005] Among them, each of the pixels includes three sub-pixels, the three sub-pixels are respectively a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, and the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are arranged in sequence; each of the splitting parts includes three sub-splitting parts, the three sub-splitting parts are respectively a first sub-splitting part, a second sub-splitting part and a third sub-splitting part, and the first sub-splitting part, the second sub-splitting part and the third sub-splitting part are arranged in sequence, the first sub-splitting part is arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-splitting part is arranged corresponding to the second sub-pixel, the third sub-splitting part is arranged corresponding to the third sub-pixel, and the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting part is different from the splitting directions of the first sub-splitting part and the third sub-splitting part.

[0006] Among them, in each of the splitting parts, in the direction from the first sub-splitting part to the third sub-splitting part, the angle α between the splitting direction of the first sub-splitting part and the display panel is greater than the angle β between the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting part and the display panel, and the angle β between the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting part and the display panel is greater than the angle θ between the splitting direction of the third sub-splitting part and the display panel, wherein the angle α between the splitting direction of the first sub-splitting part and the display panel is an obtuse angle, and the angle θ between the splitting direction of the third sub-splitting part and the display panel is an acute angle.

[0007] Among them, in each of the splitting parts, in the direction from the first sub-splitting part to the third sub-splitting part, the angle α between the splitting direction of the first sub-splitting part and the display panel is between 120° and 180°, the angle β between the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting part and the display panel is between 60° and 120°, and the angle θ between the splitting direction of the third sub-splitting part and the display panel is between 0° and 60°.

[0008] Wherein, in each of the pixels, the area of ​​the first sub-pixel, the area of ​​the second sub-pixel and the area of ​​the third sub-pixel are all equal.

[0009] In each of the pixels, the area of ​​the first sub-pixel is equal to the area of ​​the third sub-pixel, and both are larger than the area of ​​the second sub-pixel.

[0010] Wherein, in each of the pixels, the area of ​​the second sub-pixel is equal to the area of ​​the third sub-pixel, and both are smaller than the area of ​​the first sub-pixel.

[0011] Among them, the multiple pixels include at least one red pixel, at least one green pixel and at least one blue pixel, and the at least one red pixel, at least one green pixel and at least one blue pixel are arranged in an array; the multiple light-splitting parts include at least one first light-splitting part, at least one second light-splitting part and at least one third light-splitting part, each of the first light-splitting parts is arranged corresponding to each of the red pixels, each of the second light-splitting parts is arranged corresponding to each of the green pixels, and each of the third light-splitting parts is arranged corresponding to each of the blue pixels.

[0012] Wherein, the thickness of the photonic crystal beam splitter is between 1 μm and 10 μm.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a display device, comprising a backlight module and a display panel as described in any one of the above items, wherein the backlight module is used to provide a light source for the display panel.

[0014] In the technical solution provided by the present application, by setting a photonic crystal beam splitter in the display panel, the light incident on the display panel in the same direction can be emitted from the display panel in different light path directions after being acted upon by the photonic crystal beam splitter. Under this setting, on the one hand, only light in one light path direction can enter the driver's eyes, thereby preventing light in other light path directions from distracting the driver's attention, thereby improving the safety of vehicle driving. On the other hand, the user can view different display images of the display panel at different viewing angles, and the display images of the display panel at different viewing angles do not interfere with each other, which can meet the display requirements of users at different positions in the vehicle display. On this basis, by changing the area size of the sub-pixels in each pixel, the brightness and clarity of the display images at different viewing angles can be controlled, thereby meeting the different display requirements of users for the display panel at different positions or scenes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display panel in the display device shown in the first embodiment;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle A area;

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the photonic crystal of the photonic crystal beam splitter in the display panel shown;

[0020] Figure 5 is the wave vector diagram of light propagating in the photonic crystal;

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of the first sub-beam splitter in the photonic crystal beam splitter shown;

[0022] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of the second sub-beam splitter in the photonic crystal beam splitter shown;

[0023] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the third sub-beam splitter in the photonic crystal beam splitter shown;

[0024] Fig. 9 The light from the backlight module is Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the light path propagating in the display panel is shown;

[0025] Fig.10 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display panel in the display device shown in the second embodiment;

[0026] Fig.11 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display panel in a display device in a third embodiment is shown.

[0027] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0028] Display device 100, display panel 110, backlight module 120, first substrate 10, filter layer 20, photonic crystal spectrometer 30, second substrate 40, pixel 21, red pixel 21R, green pixel 21G, blue pixel 21B, sub-pixel 211, first sub-pixel 211a, second sub-pixel 211b, third sub-pixel 211c, photonic crystal 30a, equifrequency line 200, spectrometer 31, first spectrometer 31a, second spectrometer 31b, third spectrometer 31c, sub-splitters 311, first sub-splitters 311a, second sub-splitters 311b, third sub-splitters 311c, first light ray 120a, second light ray 120b, third light ray 120c. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, the electronic device may include a housing and a display device. The display device is mounted on the housing. The electronic device includes but is not limited to a vehicle-mounted display, a television, an outdoor advertising display, a mobile phone, a computer, and a tablet computer. The following description will be made by taking the vehicle-mounted display as an example.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the display panel 110 in the display device 100 in the first embodiment is shown.

[0032] For ease of description, the length direction of the display panel 110 is defined as the X-axis direction, the width direction of the display panel 110 is defined as the Y-axis direction, and the thickness direction of the display panel 110 is defined as the Z-axis direction. The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0033] The display device 100 may include a display panel 110 and a backlight module 120, and the backlight module 120 is used to provide a light source for the display panel 110. Exemplarily, the backlight module 120 is a direct-type backlight module 120, and the backlight module 120 is arranged below the display panel 110. In some other embodiments, the backlight module 120 may also be an edge-type backlight module 120, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0034] In this embodiment, the display panel 110 is an in-plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal display panel 110. Exemplarily, the display panel 110 is rectangular. In some other embodiments, the display panel 110 may also be a normally black (NB) liquid crystal display panel or a vertical alignment (VA) display panel, or the display panel 110 may also be circular or other special shapes.

[0035] The display panel 110 has a first display screen, a second display screen and a third display screen. Among them, the first display screen is a screen formed when the light of the backlight module 120 enters the human eye when the user watches the display panel 110 from the left area of ​​the display panel 110. The second display screen is a screen formed when the light of the backlight module 120 enters the human eye when the user watches the display panel 110 from the middle area of ​​the display panel 110. The third display screen is a screen formed when the light of the backlight module 120 enters the human eye when the user watches the display panel 110 from the right area of ​​the display panel 110. The brightness and clarity of the first display screen (not shown), the second display screen (not shown) and the third display screen (not shown) may be different. Exemplarily, the first display screen may be a screen displayed by the main control screen of the vehicle display, the second display screen may be a screen displayed by the central control screen of the vehicle display, and the third display screen may be a screen displayed by the co-pilot screen of the vehicle display.

[0036] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "left" and "right" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are mainly based on the attached Figure 2 The display orientation is explained in detail, with the negative direction of the X-axis being "left" and the positive direction of the X-axis being "right". This does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the orientation of the embodiments of the present application in actual application scenarios.

[0037] The display panel 110 further includes a first substrate 10, a filter layer 20, a photonic crystal beam splitter 30, a liquid crystal layer (not shown) and a second substrate 40. The second substrate 40 is a TFT (thin film transistor, TFT) substrate. The second substrate 40 can be used to control the brightness of pixels in the display panel 110. Along the thickness direction of the display panel 110 (Z-axis direction shown in the figure), the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 40 are spaced apart and arranged opposite to each other. The first substrate 10 includes a first surface (not shown) and a second surface (not shown), and along the thickness direction of the first substrate 10 (Z-axis direction shown in the figure), the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other.

[0038] The liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 40. It is understood that by applying a driving voltage to the display panel 110, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer can rotate, so that the light of the backlight module 120 can pass through the display panel 110, so that the display device 100 can display images.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of area A in the middle.

[0040] The filter layer 20 is disposed on the first surface of the first substrate 10. The filter layer 20 is used to filter the light of the backlight module 120 into colored light of a specific color, so that a color picture can be formed on the display panel 110. The filter layer 20 includes a plurality of pixels 21, and the plurality of pixels 21 are arranged in an array. In this embodiment, the brightness of each pixel 21 can be individually controlled by the second substrate 40, so that the display panel 110 can have a display effect of high speed, high brightness and high contrast. Specifically, the plurality of pixels 21 may include at least one red pixel 21R, at least one green pixel 21G and at least one blue pixel 21B. At least one red pixel 21R, at least one green pixel 21G and at least one blue pixel 21B are arranged in an array.

[0041] In the present embodiment, each pixel 21 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 211. Exemplarily, there are three sub-pixels 211. The three sub-pixels 211 are respectively a first sub-pixel 211a, a second sub-pixel 211b, and a third sub-pixel 211c. The first sub-pixel 211a, the second sub-pixel 211b, and the third sub-pixel 211c are arranged in sequence. In each pixel 21, the areas of the first sub-pixel 211a, the second sub-pixel 211b, and the third sub-pixel 211c are all equal. In some other embodiments, in each pixel 21, the number of sub-pixels 211 may also be four, five, or more than five.

[0042] The photonic crystal beam splitter 30 is disposed on the second surface of the first substrate 10. The thickness of the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 is between 1 μm and 10 μm, so that the structural strength of the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 is relatively large, and the reliability of the use of the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 is ensured to be good. The photonic crystal beam splitter 30 has a beam splitting function, and can be used to separate the optical path of the light incident on the photonic crystal beam splitter 30, so that the user can view different display images of the display panel 110 at different viewing angles.

[0043] In this embodiment, the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 is composed of a photonic crystal 30a. Among them, the photonic crystal 30a is a material formed by periodically arranging materials of different refractive indices in three-dimensional space, and having a periodically arranged optical nanostructure. Exemplarily, the photonic crystal 30a can be formed by periodically arranging high refractive index materials and low refractive index materials according to a certain geometric structure. It should be understood that the high refractive index material and the low refractive index material are periodically arranged in three-dimensional space according to a certain geometric structure, and the light wave can be periodically modulated. When the light wave is periodically modulated, an energy band structure will be generated, thereby forming a band gap. The light wave whose energy falls in the band gap cannot propagate, so that the movement of light can be controlled, thereby forming a photonic crystal 30a. It should be noted that the high refractive index material refers to a material with a refractive index between 2.0 and 2.4, and the low refractive index material refers to a material with a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.7. Among them, common high refractive index materials include zirconium dioxide, silicon and gallium arsenide, and common low refractive index materials include silicon dioxide and air. In this embodiment, the high refractive index material in the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 may be zirconium dioxide, wherein the refractive index of zirconium dioxide is 2.052. The low refractive index material in the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 may be silicon dioxide, wherein the refractive index of silicon dioxide is 1.46.

[0044] In some other embodiments, the material used to prepare the photonic crystal 30a may also be other materials having a stacked layer structure that exhibits a certain regularity along one direction or multiple directions, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0045] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the partial structure of the photonic crystal 30 a of the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 in the display panel 110 is shown.

[0046] In this embodiment, the photonic crystal 30a can be prepared using polymethacrylates (PMMA) and Disperse Red 1 (DR1) as raw materials by co-assembly, gas-liquid interface self-assembly, atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition, DNA-mediated self-assembly, or microfluidic-assisted self-assembly.

[0047] When preparing the photonic crystal 30a, exposure and etching are performed on the silicon-based film to form periodically arranged channels. Then the direction of the band gap of the photonic crystal 30a is changed so that the light in the band gap propagates along a specific optical path direction. Specifically, in this embodiment, the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 can use the polarization field in the momentum space of the photonic crystal 30a to regulate the momentum space phase gradient of the light beam, thereby realizing the displacement regulation of the real space of the light beam, and then the displacement regulation of the incident light beam can be realized. As shown in the figure, when the light passes through the photonic crystal beam splitter 30, the light propagates along the optical path γ inside the photonic crystal 30a. Among them, in the XZ plane, the optical path γ of the light is set at an angle with the X-axis. It should be noted that the angle between the optical path γ and the X-axis can be determined according to the actual light deflection requirements of the display panel 110, and this application does not impose strict restrictions on this.

[0048] In this embodiment, the propagation of light in the photonic crystal 30a can be described by Maxwell's equations, which are simplified to obtain the following two equations describing the magnetic field and the electric field respectively:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, ε(r) is a periodic function with the lattice constant R as the period, that is,

[0051] ε(r)=ε(r+R) (2)

[0052] According to the Floquet-Bloch theory, the electromagnetic waves in the periodic structure can be expanded by a series of plane waves, so that the expressions of the electric field and the magnetic field in the photonic crystal 30a can be obtained to describe the dispersion relationship between the electromagnetic wave frequency and the wave vector:

[0053]

[0054] Where ω is the frequency, k is the Bloch wave vector, and G is the reciprocal lattice vector. Substituting (3) into (1) yields the Fourier coefficients H for the magnetic and electric fields: G and E G Equation (4) and equation (5).

[0055] (k+G)×[∑ G′ηGG′ (k+G′)×H G′ ]+ω 2 H G =0 (4)

[0056] (k+G)×[(k+G)×E G ]+ω 2 ∑ G′ ε GG′ EG′ =0 (5)

[0057] Among them, ε GG′ =ε(GG′) is the Fourier transform of ε(r), η GG′ =η(GG′) is the Fourier transform of the inverse of ε(r). By solving equations (4) and (5) using the Ho-Chan-Soukoulis (HCS) method, the Fourier coefficients H can be obtained: G and E G , thereby obtaining the corresponding magnetic field and electric field distribution, that is, obtaining the energy band structure of the photonic crystal 30a.

[0058] According to the Floquet-Bloch theory, the electromagnetic field in a periodic structure can be expressed by formula (3). This shows that the propagation direction of light can be expressed by the direction of energy propagation, proving that the energy propagation direction of the wave in the periodic structure and its group velocity Therefore, the wave vector diagram can be used to intuitively represent the propagation of light in the photonic crystal 30a.

[0059] Please also read Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a wave vector diagram of light propagating in the photonic crystal 30a.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, there is a circular equifrequency line 200 on each grid point on the wave vector diagram. A bandgap is generated at the intersection of two adjacent equifrequency lines 200. As shown by the CD line in the figure, if the incident light wave is located in the bandgap, there is no Bloch wave with a real Bloch wave vector in the photonic crystal 30a, and thus it cannot propagate. As shown by the AB line in the figure, if the incident light wave is located outside the bandgap, two modes of Bloch waves can be excited in the photonic crystal 30a. Among them, the propagation directions of the two modes of Bloch waves are different. In addition, if the incident light wave happens to be at the edge of the bandgap, as long as the incident angle of the light wave or the wavelength of the light wave changes slightly, the propagation direction of the Bloch wave in the photonic crystal 30a can be greatly changed. This property is called deflection. This effect can be associated with anomalous refraction, which will produce a negative refraction effect. Among them, the negative refraction effect refers to the phenomenon that the refracted light and the incident light are on the same side of the normal.

[0061] Please refer again Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 includes a plurality of beam splitters 31, and the plurality of beam splitters 31 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixels 21. It should be noted that the one-to-one correspondence between the plurality of beam splitters 31 and the plurality of pixels 21 means that along the thickness direction of the display panel 110 (Z-axis direction in the figure), the orthographic projection of each beam splitter 31 on the filter layer 20 coincides with a pixel 21.

[0062] In addition, the plurality of light splitting sections 31 may include at least one first light splitting section 31a, at least one second light splitting section 31b and at least one third light splitting section 31c. Each first light splitting section 31a is arranged corresponding to a red pixel 21R. Each second light splitting section 31b is arranged corresponding to a green pixel 21G. Each third light splitting section 31c is arranged corresponding to a blue pixel 21B. Under this arrangement, it can be ensured that the light of the backlight module 120 can be split by a corresponding light splitting section 31 after passing through each pixel 21 of the filter layer 20, so that the light enters the human eye along different light path directions, so as to ensure that the user can view different display images of the display panel 110 at different viewing angles.

[0063] In the present embodiment, each light splitting section 31 includes a plurality of sub-light splitting sections 311, and each sub-light splitting section 311 is arranged corresponding to a sub-pixel 211. It should be noted that the arrangement of each sub-light splitting section 311 corresponding to a sub-pixel 211 means that, along the thickness direction of the display panel 110 (Z-axis direction in the figure), the orthographic projection of each sub-light splitting section 311 on the filter layer 20 coincides with a sub-pixel 211. Among them, the light splitting directions of at least two sub-light splitting sections 311 are different. It should be noted that the light splitting direction refers to the propagation direction of the light after passing through the sub-light splitting section 311. It can be understood that by making the light splitting directions of at least two sub-light splitting sections 311 in each light splitting section 31 different, the light from the backlight module 120 can be split, so that the light can be emitted from the display panel 110 along unused optical path directions, so that the user can view different display images of the display panel 110 at different viewing angles.

[0064] Each light splitting section 31 includes three sub-light splitting sections 311. The three sub-light splitting sections 311 are respectively a first sub-light splitting section 311a, a second sub-light splitting section 311b and a third sub-light splitting section 311c. The first sub-light splitting section 311a, the second sub-light splitting section 311b and the third sub-light splitting section 311c are arranged in sequence. Among them, the first sub-light splitting section 311a is arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel 211a, the second sub-light splitting section 311b is arranged corresponding to the second sub-pixel 211b, and the third sub-light splitting section 311c is arranged corresponding to the third sub-pixel 211c. In some other embodiments, in each light splitting section 31, the number of sub-light splitting sections 311 may also be four, five or more than five.

[0065] Please refer to Figures 6 to 8 , Figure 6 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the partial structure of the first sub-beam splitter 311a in the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 is shown in FIG. Figure 7 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the partial structure of the second sub-beam splitter 311b in the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 is shown in FIG. Figure 8 yes Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the third sub-beam splitter 311 c in the photonic crystal beam splitter 30 .

[0066] In this embodiment, in each light splitting part 31, the light splitting direction of the second light splitting part 311b is different from the light splitting directions of the first light splitting part 311a and the third light splitting part 311c, and the light splitting directions of the first light splitting part 311a and the third light splitting part 311c are also different.

[0067] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, when the light passes through the first sub-beam splitter 311a of each beam splitter 31 of the photonic crystal beam splitter 30, the light propagates along the optical path γ1 inside the first sub-beam splitter 311a. In the direction from the first sub-beam splitter 311a to the third sub-beam splitter 311c, the angle α between the beam splitting direction of the first sub-beam splitter 311a and the display panel 110 is greater than the angle β between the beam splitting direction of the second sub-beam splitter 311b and the display panel 110, and the angle β between the beam splitting direction of the second sub-beam splitter 311b and the display panel 110 is greater than the angle θ between the beam splitting direction of the third sub-beam splitter 311c and the display panel 110. In the direction from the first sub-beam splitter 311a to the third sub-beam splitter 311c, the angle α between the beam splitting direction of the first sub-beam splitter 311a and the display panel 110 is an obtuse angle. Exemplarily, in each light splitting section 31, in the direction from the first sub-light splitting section 311a to the third sub-light splitting section 311c, the angle α between the light splitting direction of the first sub-light splitting section 311a and the display panel 110 is between 120° and 180°. Under this setting, when a user views the display panel 110 from the left area of ​​the display panel 110, it can be ensured that the light of the backlight module 120 enters the human eye after being split by the first sub-light splitting section 311a, and forms a first display screen.

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown, when light passes through the second sub-splitting section 311b of each splitting section 31 of the photonic crystal splitter 30, the light propagates along the optical path γ2 inside the second sub-splitting section 311b. In the direction from the first sub-splitting section 311a to the third sub-splitting section 311c, the angle β between the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting section 311b and the display panel 110 can be an acute angle or an obtuse angle. Exemplarily, the angle β between the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting section 311b and the display panel 110 is between 60° and 120°. Under this setting, when the user views the display panel 110 from the middle area of ​​the display panel 110, it can ensure that the light of the backlight module 120 enters the human eye after being split by the second sub-splitting section 311b, and forms a second display screen.

[0069] like Figure 8As shown, when light passes through the third sub-splitting section 311c of each splitting section 31 of the photonic crystal splitter 30, the light propagates along the optical path γ3 inside the third sub-splitting section 311c. In the direction from the first sub-splitting section 311a to the third sub-splitting section 311c, the angle θ between the splitting direction of the third sub-splitting section 311c and the display panel 110 is an acute angle. Exemplarily, the angle θ between the splitting direction of the third sub-splitting section 311c and the display panel 110 is between 0° and 60°. Under this setting, when the user views the display panel 110 from the right area of ​​the display panel 110, it can be ensured that the light of the backlight module 120 enters the human eye after being split by the third sub-splitting section 311c, and forms a third display screen.

[0070] In this embodiment, after the light of the backlight module 120 is incident on the display panel 110, the light of the backlight module 120 passes through a pixel 21, and is incident on a light splitting portion 31 corresponding to the pixel 21, and is emitted from the display panel 110 after being refracted in the light splitting portion 31. The light of the backlight module 120 propagates along the same path in each pixel 21 and a light splitting portion 31 corresponding to the pixel 21, and the light path of the light of the backlight module 120 propagating in a red pixel 21R and a first light splitting portion 31a corresponding to the red pixel 21R will be taken as an example for description.

[0071] See also Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The light from the backlight module 120 is Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the light path propagating in the display panel 110 is shown.

[0072] When the light of the backlight module 120 is incident on the display panel 110, the light of the backlight module 120 passes through the first sub-pixel 211a, and enters the first sub-light splitter 311a through the first substrate 10, and is refracted by the first sub-light splitter 311a to form the first light 120a. The first light 120a is emitted from the display panel 110 and enters the human eye, thereby forming a first display screen. Among them, in the XZ plane, the angle α between the optical path direction of the first light 120a and the display panel 110 is between 120° and 180°. The light of the backlight module 120 passes through the second sub-pixel 211b, and enters the second sub-light splitter 311b through the first substrate 10, and is refracted by the second sub-light splitter 311b to form the second light 120b. The second light 120b is emitted from the display panel 110 and enters the human eye, thereby forming a second display screen. Wherein, in the XZ plane, the angle β between the light path direction of the second light ray 120b and the display panel 110 is between 60° and 120°. Exemplarily, the angle between the light path direction of the second light ray 120b and the length direction of the display panel 110 (the X-axis direction shown in the figure) is 90°. The light of the backlight module 120 passes through the third sub-pixel 211c, and enters the third sub-splitting portion 311c through the first substrate 10, and is refracted by the third sub-splitting portion 311c to form a third light ray 120c. The third light ray 120c is emitted from the display panel 110 and enters the human eye, thereby forming a third display screen. Wherein, in the XZ plane, the angle θ between the light path direction of the third light ray 120c and the display panel 110 is between 0° and 60°.

[0073] It can be understood that by using the photonic crystal splitter 30 to split the light from the backlight module 120, the light from the backlight module 120 is emitted from the display panel 110 along three different optical path directions. On the one hand, among the light in the three different optical path directions, only one light in one optical path direction can enter the driver's eyes, thereby preventing the light in other optical path directions from distracting the driver's attention, thereby improving the safety of vehicle driving. On the other hand, the user can view different display images at different viewing angles of the display panel 110, and the display images of the display panel 110 at different viewing angles do not interfere with each other, thereby meeting the different display needs of the user in different display scenes.

[0074] In addition, the first display screen, the second display screen, and the third display screen have the same proportion of brightness and clarity. It can be understood that, since the areas of the first sub-pixel 211a, the second sub-pixel 211b, and the third sub-pixel 211c are the same, when the light of the backlight module 120 passes through the first sub-pixel 211a and the first sub-light splitting part 311a, the second sub-pixel 211b and the second sub-light splitting part 311b, and the third sub-pixel 211c and the third sub-light splitting part 311c and emits out of the display panel 110, the brightness of the first light 120a, the second light 120b, and the third light 120c formed are all equal, so that the proportion of brightness and clarity of the first display screen, the second display screen, and the third display screen of the display panel 110 is the same, thereby ensuring that the display effects of the first display screen, the second display screen, and the third display screen are all good, and can simultaneously meet the viewing needs of the driver, the rear seat occupants, and the co-pixel.

[0075] See also Fig.10 , Fig.10 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the display panel 110 in the display device 100 in the second embodiment is shown.

[0076] The display panel 110 shown in this embodiment is different from the display panel 110 shown in the first embodiment in that, in each pixel 21, the area of ​​the first sub-pixel 211a is equal to the area of ​​the third sub-pixel 211c, and both are larger than the area of ​​the second sub-pixel 211b. Exemplarily, the area of ​​the first sub-pixel 211a and the area of ​​the third sub-pixel 211c are both twice the area of ​​the second sub-pixel 211b.

[0077] In this embodiment, the proportion of brightness and clarity of the first display image is the same as the proportion of brightness and clarity of the third display image, and both are greater than the proportion of brightness and clarity of the second display image. It can be understood that, since the area of ​​the first sub-pixel 211a and the area of ​​the third sub-pixel 211c are equal and greater than the area of ​​the second sub-pixel 211b, when the light of the backlight module 120 passes through the first sub-pixel 211a and the first sub-light splitting portion 311a, the second sub-pixel 211b and the second sub-light splitting portion 311b, and the third sub-pixel 211c and the third sub-light splitting portion 311c and emits out of the display panel 110, the brightness of the first light 120a and the brightness of the third light 120c formed are both greater than the brightness of the second light 120b, so that the brightness and clarity of the first display image and the brightness and clarity of the third display image are higher than the brightness and clarity of the second display image, thereby improving the display effects of the first display image and the third display image to meet the viewing needs of the driver and the co-driver.

[0078] See also Fig.11 , Fig.11 yes Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display panel 110 in a display device 100 in a third embodiment.

[0079] The display panel 110 shown in this embodiment is different from the display panel 110 shown in the first embodiment in that, in each pixel 21, the area of ​​the second sub-pixel 211b is equal to the area of ​​the third sub-pixel 211c, and both are smaller than the area of ​​the first sub-pixel 211a. Exemplarily, the area of ​​the second sub-pixel 211b and the area of ​​the third sub-pixel 211c are both 2 / 3 of the area of ​​the first sub-pixel 211a.

[0080] In this embodiment, the proportion of the brightness and clarity of the second display image is the same as the proportion of the brightness and clarity of the third display image, and both are smaller than the proportion of the brightness and clarity of the first display image. It can be understood that, since the area of ​​the second sub-pixel 211b and the area of ​​the third sub-pixel 211c are equal and smaller than the area of ​​the first sub-pixel 211a, when the light of the backlight module 120 passes through the first sub-pixel 211a and the first sub-light splitting portion 311a, the second sub-pixel 211b and the second sub-light splitting portion 311b, and the third sub-pixel 211c and the third sub-light splitting portion 311c and emits out of the display panel 110, the brightness of the second light 120b and the brightness of the third light 120c formed are both smaller than the brightness of the first light 120a, so that the brightness and clarity of the first display image are higher than the brightness and clarity of the second display image and the third display image, and the display effect of the first display image can be improved to meet the viewing needs of the driver.

[0081] In some other embodiments, the area of ​​the first sub-pixel 211a may also be equal to the area of ​​the second sub-pixel 211b, and both may be larger than the area of ​​the third sub-pixel 211c, so that the brightness and clarity of the first display screen and the brightness and clarity of the second display screen are higher than the brightness and clarity of the third display screen, thereby improving the display effects of the first display screen and the second display screen to meet the viewing needs of the driver and the rear seat passengers at the same time.

[0082] In the technical solution provided by the present application, by setting a photonic crystal beam splitter 30 in the display panel 110, the light incident on the display panel 110 along the same direction can be emitted from the display panel 110 along different light path directions after being acted upon by the photonic crystal beam splitter 30. Under this setting, on the one hand, only light in one light path direction can enter the driver's eyes, thereby preventing light in other light path directions from distracting the driver's attention, thereby improving the safety of vehicle driving; on the other hand, the user can view different display images of the display panel 110 at different viewing angles, and the display images of the display panel 110 at different viewing angles do not interfere with each other, which can meet the display needs of users at different positions in the vehicle display.

[0083] On this basis, by changing the area size of the three sub-pixels 211 in each pixel 21, the brightness and clarity of the display image at different viewing angles can be controlled, thereby meeting the user's different display requirements for the display panel 110 in different locations or scenes.

[0084] The embodiments of the present application are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for general technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first substrate, a filter layer and a photonic crystal spectrometer, wherein the first substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, and the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the first substrate, the filter layer is arranged on the first surface, the filter layer comprises a plurality of pixels, the plurality of pixels are arranged in an array, and each of the pixels comprises a plurality of sub-pixels; The photonic crystal spectrometer is arranged on the second surface, and the photonic crystal spectrometer includes a plurality of spectrometers, and the plurality of spectrometers are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of pixels. Each of the spectrometers includes a plurality of sub-splitters, and each of the sub-splitters is arranged corresponding to a sub-pixel, and at least two of the sub-splitters have different spectrometer directions.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the pixels includes three sub-pixels, the three sub-pixels are respectively a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, and the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are arranged in sequence; Each of the splitting parts includes three sub-splitting parts, which are respectively a first sub-splitting part, a second sub-splitting part and a third sub-splitting part. The first sub-splitting part, the second sub-splitting part and the third sub-splitting part are arranged in sequence. The first sub-splitting part is arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-splitting part is arranged corresponding to the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-splitting part is arranged corresponding to the third sub-pixel. The splitting direction of the second sub-splitting part is different from the splitting directions of the first sub-splitting part and the third sub-splitting part.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: In each of the splitting parts, in the direction from the first sub-splitting part to the third sub-splitting part, the angle α between the splitting direction of the first sub-splitting part and the display panel is greater than the angle β between the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting part and the display panel, and the angle β between the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting part and the display panel is greater than the angle θ between the splitting direction of the third sub-splitting part and the display panel, wherein the angle α between the splitting direction of the first sub-splitting part and the display panel is an obtuse angle, and the angle θ between the splitting direction of the third sub-splitting part and the display panel is an acute angle.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: In each of the splitting parts, in the direction from the first sub-splitting part to the third sub-splitting part, the angle α between the splitting direction of the first sub-splitting part and the display panel is between 120° and 180°, the angle β between the splitting direction of the second sub-splitting part and the display panel is between 60° and 120°, and the angle θ between the splitting direction of the third sub-splitting part and the display panel is between 0° and 60°.

5. The display panel according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: In each of the pixels, the area of ​​the first sub-pixel, the area of ​​the second sub-pixel and the area of ​​the third sub-pixel are all equal.

6. The display panel according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: In each of the pixels, the area of ​​the first sub-pixel is equal to the area of ​​the third sub-pixel, and both are larger than the area of ​​the second sub-pixel.

7. The display panel according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: In each of the pixels, the area of ​​the second sub-pixel is equal to the area of ​​the third sub-pixel, and both are smaller than the area of ​​the first sub-pixel.

8. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of pixels include at least one red pixel, at least one green pixel and at least one blue pixel, and the at least one red pixel, at least one green pixel and at least one blue pixel are arranged in an array; The multiple spectroscopic parts include at least one first spectroscopic part, at least one second spectroscopic part and at least one third spectroscopic part. Each of the first spectroscopic parts is arranged corresponding to each of the red pixels, each of the second spectroscopic parts is arranged corresponding to each of the green pixels, and each of the third spectroscopic parts is arranged corresponding to each of the blue pixels.

9. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the photonic crystal beam splitter is between 1 μm and 10 μm.

10. A display device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a backlight module and a display panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the backlight module is used for providing a light source for the display panel.

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