A flat wire motor stator, a flat wire motor and a vehicle

Abstract

This invention provides a flat wire motor stator, a flat wire motor, and a vehicle, relating to the field of vehicle technology. The flat wire motor stator includes a stator winding and a stator core with stator slots. The stator is used in a flat wire motor with N stator slots and P pole pairs. The stator winding includes multi-phase windings, each phase winding comprising multiple parallel branches. Each branch consists of multiple alternating hairpin coils with spans of N / P-1 and N / P+1. The hairpin coils are positioned between adjacent stator slot layers, with a span of N / P between adjacent hairpin coils. This arrangement ensures that the stator winding has no coils of the same layer at the crown end and is arranged in an alternating short and long pitch configuration, while at the weld end it is arranged in a full-pitch configuration. This reduces the radial and axial dimensions of the crown end of the stator winding, thereby reducing the amount of copper used and the resistance of the winding, saving production costs, and improving motor efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a flat wire motor stator, a flat wire motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, motor stator windings are mainly divided into round wire windings and flat wire windings. Motors using round wire windings are called round wire motors, and motors using flat wire windings are called flat wire motors. Compared with round wire windings, flat wire windings can effectively increase the slot fill factor and reduce copper losses, thereby improving motor efficiency. Therefore, more and more new energy vehicles are applying flat wire motors to their drive systems to improve the driving range of new energy vehicles.

[0003] However, in related technologies, flat wire stator windings typically use full-pitch hairpin coils for winding, resulting in larger radial and axial spaces at the crown end of the flat wire winding. This also increases the cost and resistance of the flat wire winding, limiting the improvement of motor efficiency. In addition, the design of flat wire stator windings is not flexible enough and has poor adaptability, making it difficult to design parallel branches with different numbers of branches as needed, thus having certain limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem this invention addresses is: how to reduce the crown end size of flat wire windings and improve motor efficiency.

[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a flat wire motor stator, a flat wire motor, and a vehicle.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a flat wire motor stator, comprising a stator winding and a stator core, wherein the inner wall of the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots along the circumferential direction, and each stator slot is provided with M layers of slot layers along the radial direction of the stator core for wiring of the stator winding, the flat wire motor stator being used for a flat wire motor having N stator slots and P pole pairs, wherein M is an even number greater than or equal to 4;

[0007] The stator winding includes a multi-phase winding, each phase winding including multiple parallel branches. Each branch is composed of multiple two different-layer hairpin coils with spans of m and n connected in series. The different-layer hairpin coils are arranged between two adjacent slot layers of the stator slot, and the different-layer hairpin coils with span of m and span of n are alternately arranged. The span between two adjacent different-layer hairpin coils is q; where m = N / P-1, n = N / P+1, and q = N / P.

[0008] Optionally, the branch includes a first winding unit and a second winding unit connected in series. Both the first and second winding units include L / 2 hairpin coils with a span of m and L / 2 hairpin coils with a span of n. The first winding unit starts from the first layer of the stator slot using the hairpin coil with a span of n as the winding starting point, and alternately winds one turn in the first and second layers along the circumference of the stator core in a first direction, then moves to the next adjacent two slot layers and alternately winds one turn, until the first winding unit... After the first winding unit is wound M / 2 turns, it is wound up to the Mth layer of the stator slot. The second winding unit uses the hairpin coil with a span of m as the starting end of the second winding unit and connects with the tail end of the first winding unit in the same layer in the Mth layer. It is then wound alternately in the Mth and M-1th layers along the circumference of the stator core in the second direction, and then alternately wound in the next two adjacent slot layers, until the second winding unit is wound M / 2 turns and then wound up to the 1st layer for lead-out; where L = P*M / 4, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite.

[0009] Optionally, all L heterogeneous hairpin coils in the first winding unit are first hairpin coils. Each first hairpin coil includes a first coil body and a first bending portion. The first coil body includes two parallel first through slots and a first connecting portion connecting one end of the two first through slots. The two first through slots of the heterogeneous hairpin coil with a span of m are respectively inserted into two adjacent layers of two stator slots with a span of m. The two first through slots of the heterogeneous hairpin coil with a span of n are respectively inserted into two adjacent layers of two stator slots with a span of n. The other ends of the two first through slots are respectively connected to the first bending portion. The two first bending portions are respectively bent along the circumference of the stator core, and the bending directions of the two first bending portions are opposite.

[0010] And / or, in the L heterogeneous hairpin coils of the second winding unit, one heterogeneous hairpin coil is a second hairpin coil, and L-1 heterogeneous hairpin coils are the first hairpin coils, and the second hairpin coil is connected to the tail end of the first winding unit; the second hairpin coil includes a second coil body and a second bending portion, the second coil body includes two parallel second through slot portions and a second connecting portion connecting one end of the two second through slot portions, the two second through slot portions are respectively inserted into two adjacent layers of the two stator slots with a span of m, the other ends of the two second through slot portions are respectively connected to the second bending portion, the two second bending portions are bent along the circumference of the stator core, and the bending directions of the two second bending portions are the same.

[0011] Optionally, the lead wire of each phase winding is located in the innermost slot layer of the stator slot.

[0012] Optionally, the number of stator slots N is a multiple of 24, the number of pole pairs P = N / 6, the span m = 5, the span n = 7, and the span q = 6.

[0013] Optionally, the number of stator slots N = 72, the number of pole pairs P = 12, the number of stator slot layers M = 6, and the 1st to 6th layers of the stator slots from the slot opening to the slot bottom are denoted as layers a to f, and xy is defined as the yth layer of the xth stator slot, x∈[1, 72], y∈[a, f];

[0014] Each phase winding includes a first branch and a second branch;

[0015] The winding connection route in the first branch of one phase winding is as follows: 5a→12b→18a→23b→29a→36b→42a→47b→53a→60b→66a→71b→5c→12d→18c→23d→29c→36d→42c→47d→53c→60d→66c→71d→5e→12f→18e→23f→29e→36f→42e→47f →53e→60f→66e→71f→5f→72e→66f→59e→53f→48e→42f→35e→29f→24e→18f→11e→5d→72c→66d→59c→53d→48c→42d→35c→29d→24c→18d→11c→5b→72a→66b→59a→53b→48a→42b→35a→29b→24a→18b →11a; and the winding connection routes of the second branch are as follows: 6a→11b→17a→24b→30a→35b→41a→48b→54a→59b→65a→72b→6c→11d→17c→24d→30c→35d→41c→48d→54c→59d→65c→72d→6e→11f→17e→24f→30e→35f→41e→48f→54e→ 59f→65e→72f→6f→71e→65f→60e→54f→47e→41f→36e→30f→23e→17f→12e→6d→71c→65d→60c→54d→47c→41d→36c→30d→23c→17d→12c→6b→71a→65b→60a→54b→47a→41b→36a→30b→23a→17b→12a.

[0016] Optionally, the stator winding includes a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding; each of the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding includes a first branch and a second branch connected in parallel. The U-phase winding is offset by 4 + i*N / P slots clockwise to obtain the V-phase winding, and the V-phase winding is offset by 4 + i*N / P slots clockwise to obtain the W-phase winding; or, the U-phase winding is offset by 4 + i*N / P slots counterclockwise to obtain the V-phase winding, and the V-phase winding is offset by 4 + i*N / P slots counterclockwise to obtain the W-phase winding, where i ∈ [0, P-1].

[0017] Optionally, the lead wires of the U-phase winding are spaced 4 slots apart from the lead wires of the V-phase winding, and the lead wires of the W-phase winding are spaced 4 slots apart from the lead wires of the V-phase winding, and the lead wires of the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding form a star connection.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a flat wire motor, including the flat wire motor stator as described above.

[0019] Thirdly, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a flat wire motor stator as described above, or comprising a flat wire motor as described above.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the flat wire motor stator, flat wire motor, and vehicle of the present invention are as follows: N stator slots are provided on the circumferential inner wall of the stator core, and M layers of heterogeneous hairpin coils are wound within the stator slots to form a stator winding; by alternately connecting multiple heterogeneous hairpin coils with a span of m and multiple heterogeneous hairpin coils with a span of n in each branch, and by bridging each heterogeneous hairpin coil between two adjacent layers of the stator slot, the stator winding, for example, has no coils of the same layer at the crown end; simultaneously, by setting the span m to equal N / P-1, the span n to equal N / P+1, and the span q between two adjacent heterogeneous hairpin coils to equal N / P, the stator winding has spans of N / P-1 and N / P+1 at the crown end and N / P at the welding end. That is, the stator winding is arranged in an alternating pattern of short and long spans at the crown end and in a full-pitch pattern at the welding end, ensuring uniform distribution of each coil in the flat wire winding. In this way, the stator windings are arranged with alternating short and long pitches at the crown end (where there are no coils in the same layer), and at the welding end (where they are arranged with a full pitch). This not only makes the winding method of the flat wire stator windings more flexible, applicable to winding schemes with different numbers of branches, but also reduces the radial and axial dimensions of the crown end of the stator windings, thereby reducing the amount of copper used in the windings and saving on production costs. Simultaneously, it also reduces the winding's own resistance, facilitating improvements in motor efficiency. Furthermore, the non-layer hairpin coils are typically pre-formed, stacked U-shaped coils, and using pre-formed, stacked U-shaped coils for winding improves winding efficiency and convenience. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flat wire motor stator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stator winding structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stator slot layer distribution in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first hairpin coil in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second hairpin coil in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection route of the first branch U1 and the second branch U2 of the U-phase winding of the 72-slot 12-pole 6-layer 2-branch flat wire motor in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the winding distribution of the first branch U1 of the U-phase winding of the 72-slot 12-pole 6-layer 2-branch flat wire motor in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the winding distribution of the U-phase winding of a 72-slot, 12-pole, 6-layer, 2-branch flat wire motor in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the winding distribution of the three-phase windings of the stator winding of a 72-slot, 12-pole, 6-layer, 2-branch flat wire motor in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 1. Stator winding; 11. Crown end; 12. Welding end; 13. Different layer hairpin coil; 131. First hairpin coil; 1311. First coil body; 1311a. First slot; 1311b. First connecting part; 1312. First bending part; 132. Second hairpin coil; 1321. Second coil body; 1321a. Second slot; 1321b. Second connecting part; 1322. Second bending part; 2. Stator core; 21. Stator slot. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this invention are used only to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not intended to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0035] In related technologies, flat wire stator windings typically use full-pitch hairpin coils for winding, resulting in larger radial and axial spaces at the crown end of the flat wire winding. This also increases the cost and resistance of the flat wire winding, limiting the improvement of motor efficiency. In addition, the design of flat wire stator windings is not flexible enough and has poor adaptability, making it difficult to design parallel branches with different numbers of branches as needed, thus having certain limitations.

[0036] To address the problems existing in the aforementioned related technologies, the present invention provides a flat wire motor stator, a flat wire motor, and a vehicle.

[0037] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flat wire motor stator, including a stator winding 1 and a stator core 2. The inner wall of the stator core 2 is provided with a plurality of stator slots 21 along the circumferential direction. Each stator slot 21 is provided with M layers of slots along the radial direction of the stator core 2 for wiring of the stator winding 1. The flat wire motor stator is used for a flat wire motor with N stator slots 21 and P pole pairs, where M is an even number greater than or equal to 4.

[0038] The stator winding 1 includes a multi-phase winding, each phase winding including multiple parallel branches. Each branch is composed of multiple two different-layer hairpin coils 13 with spans of m and n connected in series. The different-layer hairpin coils 13 are strung between two adjacent slots of the stator slot 21, and the different-layer hairpin coils 13 with span of m and different-layer hairpin coils 13 with span of n are alternately arranged. The span between two adjacent different-layer hairpin coils 13 is q; where m = N / P-1, n = N / P+1, and q = N / P.

[0039] Specifically, N stator slots 21 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stator core 2 on the inner wall of the stator core 2. Furthermore, M slot layers are provided along the radial direction of the stator core 2 within each stator slot 21 for the stator winding 1 to be routed. That is, the stator winding 1 is arranged in layers within the stator slots 21, where M is an even number greater than or equal to 4. For example, the number of slot layers M in the stator slots 21 can be 4, 6, or 8, etc. Alternatively, the slot layers of the stator slots 21 can be designated from the outside to the inside as layer 1 to layer M, or from the inside to the outside. No specific limitation is made here; the appropriate designation can be made based on the specific application. The stator winding 1 can include two-phase windings or three-phase windings. Each phase winding can include two parallel branches or three parallel branches; no specific limitation is made here. Each branch is wound with multiple non-linear hairpin coils 13, each bridging two adjacent slots of the stator slot 21 and occupying a different slot. Furthermore, all adjacent non-linear hairpin coils 13 are connected in series by welding to form the welding end 12 of the stator winding 1, while the end that does not require welding is called the crown end 11 of the stator winding 1. Additionally, the crown end 11 and the welding end 12 of the stator winding 1 extend axially from the stator slot 21 along the stator core 2 to facilitate wiring and welding.

[0040] More specifically, in the current direction, the span between two adjacent non-layer hairpin coils 13 is q = N / P. Furthermore, the non-layer hairpin coils 13 have two spans: m and n. Non-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and non-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of n are alternately connected. The span at the crown end 11 is the span of the non-layer hairpin coils 13, and the span at the welding end 12 is the span between two adjacent non-layer hairpin coils 13. That is, the stator winding 1 has two spans at the crown end 11: N / P-1 and N / P+1, while the span at the welding end 12 is N / P. In other words, the stator winding 1 is arranged with alternating short and long spans at the crown end 11, and with a full span at the welding end 12. Moreover, there are no coils in the same layer at the crown end 11; that is, the two effective sides of the hairpin coil (i.e., the portion of the coil passing through the stator slot 21) span different slot layers. The span of the heterogeneous hairpin coil 13 refers to the number of slots occupied between two adjacent effective sides of a coil (i.e., the part of the coil that passes through the stator slot 21). The span between two adjacent heterogeneous hairpin coils 13 refers to the number of slots occupied between two adjacent effective sides of two adjacent coils (i.e., the part of the coil that passes through the stator slot 21). When the span = number of stator slots / number of pole pairs, the span is a whole span. When the span is less than the whole span, the span is a short span. When the span is greater than the whole span, the span is a long span.

[0041] In this embodiment, the stator of the flat wire motor can be formed by setting N stator slots 21 on the circumferential inner wall of the stator core 2, and winding M layers of different-layer hairpin coils 13 in the stator slots 21 to form a stator winding 1; by alternately connecting multiple different-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and multiple different-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of n in each branch, and making each different-layer hairpin coil 13 span between two adjacent layers of the stator slot 21, so that the crown end 11 of the stator winding 1, for example, has no coils of the same layer; at the same time, by The span m is set to N / P-1, the span n is set to N / P+1, and the span q between two adjacent non-layer hairpin coils 13 is set to N / P. This results in the stator winding 1 having spans of N / P-1 and N / P+1 at the crown end 11 and N / P at the welding end 12. In other words, the stator winding 1 is arranged with alternating short and long spans at the crown end 11 and a full-pitch span at the welding end 12, ensuring uniform distribution of the coils in the flat wire winding. This arrangement, with no coils in the same layer at the crown end 11 and alternating short and long pitches, and a full-pitch arrangement at the welding end 12, not only makes the winding method of the flat wire stator winding more flexible, applicable to winding schemes with different branch numbers, but also reduces the radial and axial dimensions of the crown end 11 of the stator winding 1, thereby reducing the amount of copper used in the winding and saving production costs. Simultaneously, it also reduces the winding's own resistance, facilitating improved motor efficiency. In addition, the non-layer hairpin coil 13 is usually a pre-formed stacked U-shaped coil, and using a pre-formed stacked U-shaped coil for winding can improve winding efficiency and convenience.

[0042] Optionally, combined Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the branch includes a first winding unit and a second winding unit connected in series. Both the first winding unit and the second winding unit include L / 2 hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and L / 2 hairpin coils 13 with a span of n. The first winding unit starts from the first layer of the stator slot 21 with the hairpin coil 13 with a span of n as the winding starting point, and winds one turn alternately in the first layer and the second layer along the circumference of the stator core 2 in the first direction, and then moves to the next two adjacent slot layers to wind one turn alternately, until the first winding unit winds... After making M / 2 turns, the winding extends to the Mth layer of stator slot 21. The second winding unit uses a hairpin coil 13 with a span of m as the starting end of the second winding unit, which is connected to the tail end of the first winding unit in the same layer in the Mth layer. It is then wound alternately in the Mth and M-1th layers along the circumference of the stator core 2 in the second direction, and then extended to the next two adjacent slot layers for alternating winding of one turn, until the second winding unit is wound M / 2 turns and then led out to the 1st layer; where L = P*M / 4, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite.

[0043] It should be noted that the first direction can be clockwise, in which case the second direction is counterclockwise; the first direction can also be counterclockwise, in which case the second direction is clockwise.

[0044] In this optional embodiment, each branch consists of two series-connected first winding units and second winding units. The first winding unit is formed by alternately winding L / 2 hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and L / 2 hairpin coils 13 with a span of n in a first direction. The second winding unit is formed by alternately winding L / 2 hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and L / 2 hairpin coils 13 with a span of n in a second direction. For ease of description, the winding method of the branch circuit is explained here using the example of M=6 slot layers in stator slot 21. The first winding unit starts from the first layer of stator core 2 with a cross-layer hairpin coil 13 with a span of m as the winding starting point. After being introduced into the stator core 2, it is wound along the circumference of the stator core 2 in the first direction. First, P / 4 cross-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and P / 4 cross-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of n are alternately wound in the first and second layers for one turn and then moved to the third layer. Then, P / 4 cross-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and P / 4 cross-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of n are alternately wound in the third and fourth layers for one turn and then moved to the fifth layer. Finally, P / 4 cross-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and P / 4 cross-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of n are alternately wound in the fifth and sixth layers for one turn. The winding continues up to the 6th layer; the second winding unit, in the 6th layer, uses a cross-layer hairpin coil 13 with a span of n as the starting end of the second winding unit, and connects it to the tail end of the first winding unit in the 6th layer. Then, it begins winding along the circumference of the stator core 2 in the second direction. First, P / 4 cross-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of m and P / 4 cross-layer hairpin coils 13 with a span of n are alternately wound in the 6th and 5th layers. After the first winding is extended to the 4th layer, P / 4 strands of different-layer hairpin coil 13 with a span of m and P / 4 strands of different-layer hairpin coil 13 with a span of n are alternately wound once in the 4th and 3rd layers, then extended to the 2nd layer. Finally, P / 4 strands of different-layer hairpin coil 13 with a span of m and P / 4 strands of different-layer hairpin coil 13 are alternately wound once in the 2nd and 1st layers, then wound to the 1st layer, and led out from the 1st layer. This winding method ensures that the winding is distributed in the M slot layers of any two adjacent stator slots 21 occupied by the two branches of the phase winding, such as... Figure 8 As shown. That is to say, the phase windings including the two branches only need to be wound in two different adjacent stator slots 21, and the windings in the same stator slot 21 are in-phase windings.

[0045] This ensures that each parallel branch is distributed in a ring-shaped symmetrical structure within the stator slot 21, thereby achieving a uniform and symmetrical distribution of each phase winding. This results in balanced potential in each branch, no circulating current, and harmonic cancellation, significantly improving motor performance. Simultaneously, it allows phase windings with two branches to be wound only in two different adjacent stator slots 21. When winding other phase windings by shifting the number of slots, the distribution of each phase winding in multiple stator slots 21 remains completely consistent, further reducing motor circulating current and improving motor performance. Moreover, the windings are distributed in the M slot layers of any two adjacent stator slots 21 occupied by the two branches of the phase winding, ensuring that the windings in the same stator slot 21 are in-phase windings. This eliminates the need for insulating paper in the stator slots 21 to isolate different phase windings, increasing the copper fill factor of the flat wire windings, improving motor efficiency, reducing motor temperature rise, and lowering insulation costs. Furthermore, eliminating the insulating paper simplifies the hairpin coil insertion process, improving motor manufacturing efficiency. In addition, the leads of each phase winding of stator winding 1 are located in the first layer of stator slot 21, so as to facilitate the selection of wiring methods such as star connection as needed, thereby improving the flexibility of phase winding wiring.

[0046] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the lead wires of each phase winding are located in the innermost slot layer of stator slot 21. That is, the stator winding 1 exits from the innermost slot layer of stator slot 21 at the welding end 12. This achieves the lead wire arrangement of stator winding 1; moreover, by exiting from the welding end 12, the crown end 11 of stator winding 1 has no lead wire, which simplifies the structure of the tooling equipment that mates with the crown end 11, thereby facilitating the universal design of the tooling equipment that mates with the crown end 11.

[0047] Optionally, the number N of stator slots 21 is a multiple of 24, the number of pole pairs P = N / 6, the span m = 5, the span n = 7, and the span q = 6.

[0048] In this optional embodiment, the number N of stator slots 21 can be 24, 48, 72, etc., and correspondingly, the number of pole pairs P can be 4, 8, 12, etc., while the full pitch is N / P = 6, the span m = 5, the span n = 7, and the span q = 6. This allows the flat wire motor stator to be applicable to N-slot N / 6-pole motors, such as a 48-slot 8-pole motor or a 72-slot 12-pole flat wire motor. Furthermore, it ensures that the span of the welding ends 12 of the stator windings 1 in N-slot N / 6-pole flat wire motors is always a full pitch, facilitating the use of universal welding fixtures.

[0049] Optionally, combined Figure 9As shown, stator winding 1 includes a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding; each of the U-phase winding, V-phase winding, and W-phase winding includes a first branch and a second branch connected in parallel. The U-phase winding is offset by 4+i*N / P slots clockwise to obtain the V-phase winding, and the V-phase winding is offset by 4+i*N / P slots clockwise to obtain the W-phase winding. Alternatively, the U-phase winding is offset by 4+i*N / P slots counterclockwise to obtain the V-phase winding, and the V-phase winding is offset by 4+i*N / P slots counterclockwise to obtain the W-phase winding, where i ∈ [0, P-1].

[0050] It should be noted that, Figure 9 There are three different shades of color. The lightest shade represents the distribution area of ​​the two parallel branches of the U-phase winding (i.e., branches U1 and U2), the second darkest shade represents the distribution area of ​​the two parallel branches of the W-phase winding (i.e., branches W1 and W2), and the darkest shade represents the distribution area of ​​the two parallel branches of the V-phase winding (i.e., branches V1 and V2).

[0051] In one example, when the first branch U1 of the U-phase winding enters the stator core 2 from the a-th layer of slot 5, and the second branch U2 enters the stator core 2 from the a-th layer of slot 6, the U-phase winding can be shifted 4 slots clockwise to obtain the V-phase winding, and the V-phase winding can be shifted 4 slots clockwise to obtain the W-phase winding. At this time, as follows... Figure 9 As shown, the first branch V1 of the V-phase winding enters the stator core 2 from layer a of slot 9, and the second branch V2 enters the stator core 2 from layer a of slot 10. The first branch W1 of the W-phase winding enters the stator core 2 from layer a of slot 13, and the second branch W2 enters the stator core 2 from layer a of slot 14. Alternatively, the U-phase winding can be shifted counterclockwise by 4 slots to obtain the V-phase winding, and the V-phase winding can be shifted counterclockwise by 4 slots to obtain the W-phase winding. In this case, the first branch V1 of the V-phase winding enters the stator core 2 from layer a of slot 1, and the second branch V2 enters the stator core 2 from layer a of slot 2. The first branch W1 of the W-phase winding enters the stator core 2 from layer a of slot 69, and the second branch W2 enters the stator core 2 from layer a of slot 70.

[0052] This allows the V-phase winding to be wound by shifting a certain number of slots clockwise or counterclockwise based on the U-phase winding, and the W-phase winding to be wound by shifting a certain number of slots based on the V-phase winding, thereby improving the convenience of winding. Moreover, the number of slots shifted is set to 4+i*N / P slots to ensure that each phase winding is evenly and symmetrically distributed, thereby reducing motor circulating current and harmonics.

[0053] Optionally, combined Figure 1 and Figure 9As shown, the leads of the U-phase winding are separated from the leads of the V-phase winding by 4 slots, and the leads of the W-phase winding are separated from the leads of the V-phase winding by 4 slots. The leads of the U-phase winding, V-phase winding and W-phase winding form a star connection.

[0054] In this optional embodiment, the leads of the three phase windings—U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase—are connected in a star configuration. Specifically, the ends of the two parallel branches of the U-phase winding are connected to the ends of the two parallel branches of the V-phase winding and the two parallel branches of the W-phase winding, thus achieving the connection of stator winding 1. Furthermore, the ends of the leads of each phase winding are typically spaced four slots apart, i.e., separated by the minimum offset slot number. This results in a smaller interval between the leads of each phase winding, reducing the size and weight of the connecting copper busbar.

[0055] Optionally, combined Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the number of stator slots 21 is N = 72, the number of pole pairs is P = 12, and the number of layers of stator slots 21 is M = 6. The 1st to 6th layers of stator slots 21 from the slot opening to the slot bottom are denoted as layers a to f. Define xy as the yth layer of the xth stator slot, x∈[1, 72], y∈[a, f].

[0056] Each phase winding includes a first branch and a second branch. Each branch includes a first winding unit and a second winding unit connected in series. The first winding unit includes M / 2 first winding segments, i.e., three first winding segments. The second winding unit includes M / 2 second winding segments, i.e., three second winding segments.

[0057] Taking the U-phase winding as an example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the winding path of the first branch U1 of the U-phase winding is: the first winding segment of the first winding unit starts from the Kth slot of the a-th layer at the welding end 12 (e.g., Figure 7 and Figure 8 After entering the stator core 2 (as shown in the fifth slot of layer a), it crosses over to the K+n slot of layer b at crown end 11 (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the b-th layer, the 12th slot), and then across the K+n+q-th slot of the a-th layer at the welding end 12 (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, the 18th slot of layer a), spans from the crown end 11 to the K+n+q+m slot of layer b (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the b-th layer, the 23rd groove), at the welding end 12, spans to the K+n+2q+m-th groove of the a-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, the 29th slot of layer a), spans from the crown end 11 to the K+2n+2q+m slot of layer b (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the b-th layer, the 36th groove), at the welding end 12, spans to the K+2n+3q+m-th groove of the a-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, the 42nd slot of layer a), spans from the crown end 11 to the K+2n+3q+2m slot of layer b (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the b-th layer, the 47th slot), at the welding end 12, spans to the K+2n+4q+2m slot of the a-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, the 53rd slot of layer a), and so on, until the crown end 11 spans to the K+3n+5q+3m slot of layer b (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the first winding unit, after the second first winding segment is connected to the end of the first first winding segment, it is wound once in layers c and d according to the above rules. After the third first winding segment is connected to the end of the second first winding segment, it is wound once in layers e and f according to the above rules. This completes the winding of the first winding unit. After the second winding unit is connected to the end of the first winding unit, the first second winding segment of the second winding unit starts from the K slot of layer f (e.g., in the welding end 12) of the welding end 12. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The fifth slot of the f-th layer enters the stator core 2, and at the crown end 11, it spans to the K+Nm slot of the e-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the e-th layer, the 72nd groove), and at the welding end 12, it spans to the K+Nmq-th groove of the f-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the f-th layer, slot 66), then at the crown end 11, it spans to the K+Nmqn-th slot of the e-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the 59th groove of layer e), at the welding end 12, it spans to the K+Nm-2q-n groove of layer f (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the f-th layer, slot 53), at the crown end 11, spans to the K+N-2m-2q-n-th slot of the e-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the e-th layer, the 48th groove), at the welding end 12 spans to the K+N-2m-3q-n groove of the f-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the f-th layer, slot 42), at the crown end 11, it spans to the K+N-2m-3q-2n-th slot of the e-th layer (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the 35th groove of layer e), at the welding end 12, spans to the K+N-2m-4q-2n groove of layer f (e.g. Figure 7and Figure 8 The 29th slot of layer f in the middle), and so on, until the K+N-3n-5q-3m slot of layer e spans from the crown end 11 (e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the 11th slot of layer e), after the second second winding segment is connected to the tail end of the first second winding segment, it is wound once in layers d and c according to the above rules. After the third second winding segment is connected to the tail end of the second second winding segment, it is wound once in layers b and a according to the above rules. Then, at the welding end 12, it starts from the K+N-3n-5q-3m slot of layer a (i.e. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first winding unit is drawn out from the 11th slot of the a-th layer, thus completing the winding of the second winding unit and the winding of the first branch U1 of the U-phase winding.

[0058] The second branch U2 of the U-phase winding starts from the K+1 slot of the a-th layer at weld end 12 (e.g., Figure 7 and Figure 8 The sixth slot of layer a shown in the figure enters the stator core 2, and the winding rule of the second branch U2 is the same as that of the first branch U1, which will not be repeated here.

[0059] This allows for the arrangement of two parallel branches in each phase winding.

[0060] Optionally, combined Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the number of stator slots 21 is N = 72, the number of pole pairs is P = 12, and the number of layers of stator slots 21 is M = 6. The 1st to 6th layers of stator slots 21 from the slot opening to the slot bottom are denoted as layers a to f. Define xy as the yth layer of the xth stator slot, x∈[1, 72], y∈[a, f].

[0061] Each phase winding includes a first branch and a second branch;

[0062] The winding connection routes in the first branch of one phase winding are as follows: 5a→12b→18a→23b→29a→36b→42a→47b→53a→60b→66a→71b→5c→12d→18c→23d→29c→36d→42c→47d→53c→60d→66c→71d→5e→12f→18e→23f→29e→36f→42e→47f→ 53e→60f→66e→71f→5f→72e→66f→59e→53f→48e→42f→35e→29f→24e→18f→11e→5d→72c→66d→59c→53d→48c→42d→35c→29d→24c→18d→11c→5b→72a→66b→59a→53b→48a→42b→35a→29b→24a→18b →11a; and the winding connection routes of the second branch are as follows: 6a→11b→17a→24b→30a→35b→41a→48b→54a→59b→65a→72b→6c→11d→17c→24d→30c→35d→41c→48d→54c→59d→65c→72d→6e→11f→17e→24f→30e→35f→41e→48f→54e→5 9f→65e→72f→6f→71e→65f→60e→54f→47e→41f→36e→30f→23e→17f→12e→6d→71c→65d→60c→54d→47c→41d→36c→30d→23c→17d→12c→6b→71a→65b→60a→54b→47a→41b→36a→30b→23a→17b→12a.

[0063] In this optional embodiment, 5a represents the a-th layer of the 5th stator slot. Taking the U-phase winding as an example, as follows... Figure 7 As shown, the first branch U1 of the U-phase winding starts winding from the a-th layer of the 5th stator slot. Similarly, the second branch U2 of the U-phase winding starts winding from the a-th layer of the 6th stator slot. The two branches of the phase winding are wound according to the above winding connection route to achieve a phase winding arrangement of 72 slots, 12 poles, 2 branches, and 6 layers.

[0064] Furthermore, based on the winding slot offset relationship of the U-phase winding, V-phase winding, and W-phase winding described in the above embodiments, the connection route of the V-phase winding and W-phase winding can also be derived, such as... Figure 9The diagram shows the winding distribution of the three-phase windings. In this diagram, the first branch V1 of the V-phase winding starts winding from the a-th layer of the 9th stator slot, the second branch V2 of the V-phase winding starts winding from the a-th layer of the 10th stator slot, the first branch W1 of the W-phase winding starts winding from the a-th layer of the 13th stator slot, and the second branch W2 of the W-phase winding starts winding from the a-th layer of the 14th stator slot.

[0065] Optionally, combined Figure 4 As shown, the L heterogeneous hairpin coils 13 in the first winding unit are all first hairpin coils 131. The first hairpin coil 131 includes a first coil body 1311 and a first bending portion 1312. The first coil body 1311 includes two parallel first slot portions 1311a and a first connecting portion 1311b connecting one end of the two first slot portions 1311a. The two first slot portions 1311a of the heterogeneous hairpin coil 13 with a span of m are respectively inserted into two adjacent layers of two stator slots 21 with a span of m. The two first slot portions 1311a of the heterogeneous hairpin coil 13 with a span of n are respectively inserted into two adjacent layers of two stator slots 21 with a span of n. The other ends of the two first slot portions 1311a are respectively connected to the first bending portion 1312. The two first bending portions 1312 are respectively bent along the circumference of the stator core 2, and the bending directions of the two first bending portions 1312 are opposite.

[0066] In this way, by providing first bending portions 1312 at both ends of the first coil body 1311 of the first hairpin coil 131, the first bending portions 1312 of two adjacent different layer hairpin coils 13 in the first winding unit are welded together to achieve series connection. Moreover, the two first bending portions 1312 of the first hairpin coil 131 are bent in opposite directions along the circumference of the stator core 2 so that the winding is wound along the circumference and spans to the next slot layer.

[0067] Optionally, combined Figure 5 As shown, in the L heterogeneous hairpin coils 13 of the second winding unit, one heterogeneous hairpin coil 13 is the second hairpin coil 132, and L-1 heterogeneous hairpin coils 13 are the first hairpin coils 131. The second hairpin coil 132 is connected to the tail end of the first winding unit. The second hairpin coil 132 includes a second coil body 1321 and a second bending portion 1322. The second coil body 1321 includes two parallel second through slot portions 1321a and a second connecting portion 1321b connecting one end of the two second through slot portions 1321a. The two second through slot portions 1321a are respectively inserted into two adjacent layers of two stator slots 21 with a span of m. The other ends of the two second through slot portions 1321a are respectively connected to the second bending portion 1322. The two second bending portions 1322 are bent along the circumference of the stator core 2, and the bending directions of the two second bending portions 1322 are the same.

[0068] In this way, by providing second bending portions 1322 at both ends of the second coil body 1321 of the second hairpin coil 132, the two second bending portions 1322 of the second hairpin coil 132 are respectively welded to the first hairpin coil 131 of the first winding unit and the first hairpin coil 131 of the second winding unit to achieve series connection. Moreover, the two second bending portions 1322 of the second hairpin coil 132 are bent in the same direction to facilitate the reverse winding of the second winding unit. At the same time, the second winding unit is arranged adjacent to the first winding unit to ensure that each parallel branch is distributed in a ring symmetrical structure in the stator slot 21.

[0069] An embodiment of the present invention provides a flat wire motor, including the flat wire motor stator as described above.

[0070] The advantages of the flat wire motor in this embodiment compared to the prior art are the same as those of the flat wire motor stator described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a flat wire motor stator as described above, or comprising a flat wire motor as described above.

[0072] The advantages of the vehicle in this embodiment over the prior art are the same as those of the flat wire motor stator described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flat wire motor stator, characterized in that, The stator includes a stator winding (1) and a stator core (2). The inner wall of the stator core (2) is provided with a plurality of stator slots (21) along the circumferential direction. Each stator slot (21) is provided with M layers of slots along the radial direction of the stator core (2) for wiring of the stator winding (1). The flat wire motor stator is used for a flat wire motor with N stator slots (21) and P pole pairs, where M is an even number greater than or equal to 4. The stator winding (1) includes a multi-phase winding. Each phase winding includes multiple parallel branches. Each branch is composed of multiple two different-layer hairpin coils (13) with spans of m and n connected in series. The different-layer hairpin coils (13) are arranged between two adjacent slots of the stator slot (21). The different-layer hairpin coils (13) with span of m and the different-layer hairpin coils (13) with span of n are alternately arranged. The span between two adjacent different-layer hairpin coils (13) is q. Wherein, m=N / P-1, n=N / P+1, q=N / P. The branch circuit includes a first winding unit and a second winding unit connected in series. Both the first winding unit and the second winding unit include L / 2 hairpin coils (13) with a span of m and L / 2 hairpin coils (13) with a span of n. The first winding unit starts from the first layer of the stator slot (21) with the hairpin coil (13) with a span of n as the winding starting point, and winds one turn alternately in the first layer and the second layer along the circumference of the stator core (2) in the first direction, and then moves to the next two adjacent slot layers to wind one turn alternately, until the first winding unit starts from the first layer. After the first winding unit is wound M / 2 turns, it is wound up to the Mth layer of the stator slot (21). The second winding unit uses the hairpin coil (13) with a span of m as the first winding unit's start end in the Mth layer and connects with the tail end of the first winding unit in the same layer. It is wound alternately in the Mth and M-1th layers along the circumference of the stator core (2) in the second direction, and then straddles to the next two adjacent slot layers and is wound alternately for one turn, until the second winding unit is wound M / 2 turns and then wound up to the 1st layer for lead-out; where L=P*M / 4, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite. The stator winding (1) includes a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding; the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding each include a first branch and a second branch connected in parallel. The U-phase winding is offset by 4+i*N / P slots clockwise to obtain the V-phase winding, and the V-phase winding is offset by 4+i*N / P slots clockwise to obtain the W-phase winding. Alternatively, the U-phase winding is offset by 4+i*N / P slots counterclockwise to obtain the V-phase winding, and the V-phase winding is offset by 4+i*N / P slots counterclockwise to obtain the W-phase winding, where i ∈ [0, P-1].

2. The flat wire motor stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The L heterogeneous hairpin coils (13) in the first winding unit are all first hairpin coils (131). The first hairpin coil (131) includes a first coil body (1311) and a first bending portion (1312). The first coil body (1311) includes two parallel first through slot portions (1311a) and a first connecting portion (1311b) connecting one end of the two first through slot portions (1311a). The two first through slot portions (1311a) of the heterogeneous hairpin coil (13) with a span of m are divided into The two first slotting portions (1311a) of the heterogeneous hairpin coil (13) with a span of n are respectively inserted into the two adjacent layers of the two stator slots (21) with a span of m. The other ends of the two first slotting portions (1311a) are respectively connected to the first bending portions (1312). The two first bending portions (1312) are respectively bent along the circumference of the stator core (2), and the bending directions of the two first bending portions (1312) are opposite. And / or, in the L heterogeneous hairpin coils (13) of the second winding unit, one heterogeneous hairpin coil (13) is a second hairpin coil (132), L-1 heterogeneous hairpin coils (13) are first hairpin coils (131), and the second hairpin coil (132) is connected to the tail end of the first winding unit; the second hairpin coil (132) includes a second coil body (1321) and a second bend (1322), the second coil body (1321) includes two parallel second bends. The slot (1321a) and the second connecting part (1321b) connecting one end of the two second through slots (1321a) are respectively installed in two adjacent layers of the two stator slots (21) with a span of m. The other end of the two second through slots (1321a) is respectively connected to the second bending part (1322). The two second bending parts (1322) are bent along the circumference of the stator core (2), and the bending direction of the two second bending parts (1322) is the same.

3. The flat wire motor stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead wires of each phase winding are located in the innermost slot layer of the stator slot (21).

4. The flat wire motor stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of stator slots (21) N is a multiple of 24, the number of pole pairs P = N / 6, the span m = 5, the span n = 7, and the span q = 6.

5. The flat wire motor stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of stator slots (21) is N=72, the number of pole pairs is P=12, the number of layers of stator slots (21) is M=6, and the 1st to 6th layers of stator slots (21) from the slot opening to the slot bottom are denoted as layers a to f. Define xy as the yth layer of the xth stator slot, x∈[1, 72], y∈[a, f]; Each phase winding includes a first branch and a second branch; The winding connection route in the first branch of one phase winding is as follows: 5a→12b→18a→23b→29a→36b→42a→47b→53a→60b→66a→71b→5c→12d→18c→23d→29c→36d→42c→47d→53c→60d→66c→71d→5e→12f→18e→23f→29e→36f→42e→47f →53e→60f→66e→71f→5f→72e→66f→59e→53f→48e→42f→35e→29f→24e→18f→11e→5d→72c→66d→59c→53d→48c→42d→35c→29d→24c→18d→11c→5b→72a→66b→59a→53b→48a→42b→35a→29b→24a→18b →11a; and the winding connection routes of the second branch are as follows: 6a→11b→17a→24b→30a→35b→41a→48b→54a→59b→65a→72b→6c→11d→17c→24d→30c→35d→41c→48d→54c→59d→65c→72d→6e→11f→17e→24f→30e→35f→41e→48f→54e→ 59f→65e→72f→6f→71e→65f→60e→54f→47e→41f→36e→30f→23e→17f→12e→6d→71c→65d→60c→54d→47c→41d→36c→30d→23c→17d→12c→6b→71a→65b→60a→54b→47a→41b→36a→30b→23a→17b→12a.

6. The flat wire motor stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead wires of the U-phase winding and the V-phase winding are separated by 4 slots, and the lead wires of the W-phase winding are separated by 4 slots. The lead wires of the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding form a star connection.

7. A flat wire motor, characterized in that, Includes the flat wire motor stator as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the flat wire motor stator as described in any one of claims 1-6, or the flat wire motor as described in claim 7.

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