Flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method and system, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection. The method comprises the following steps: pressurizing flue gas to obtain pressurized flue gas; carrying out desulfurization and denitrification treatment on the pressurized flue gas to obtain flue gas subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment; separating carbon dioxide from the flue gas subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas subjected to carbon dioxide removal; pressurizing the separated carbon dioxide, and injecting the carbon dioxide into a first geological reservoir for sealing; pressurizing the flue gas from which the carbon dioxide is removed, and injecting the pressurized flue gas into a second geological reservoir for sealing; and if it is determined that the electric energy is provided for the pressurization treatment process, smoke stored in the second geological reservoir is extracted, and the stored smoke is used for acting to generate power, so that the electric energy is provided for the pressurization treatment process. By coupling compressed tail gas energy storage and a high-pressure carbon capture technology, not only is the carbon capture efficiency improved, but also the carbon capture cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular to a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method and a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling system. Background Art

[0002] Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology can capture carbon dioxide from emission sources and is one of the main measures for large-scale carbon dioxide emission reduction, among which carbon capture is the key technology for carbon reduction. At present, a large number of carbon sources are low-concentration and low-pressure carbon sources, and the capture method is mainly organic amine absorption. However, the current regeneration process of organic amines consumes a lot of energy and the capture cost is high.

[0003] In addition, with the development of the new energy field, the development of peak-shaving energy storage technology is also imminent. Compressed air energy storage technology has attracted widespread attention from international and domestic power generation companies due to its high technical maturity and the fact that it does not produce secondary pollution. However, the energy consumption of compressing air is high and the energy storage cost is high.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies cannot achieve low-energy and low-cost carbon capture and energy storage. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method and system to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot achieve low energy consumption and low cost carbon capture and energy storage.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method, comprising:

[0007] Performing pressurization treatment on the flue gas to obtain pressurized flue gas;

[0008] The flue gas after the pressurization treatment is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment; carbon dioxide is separated from the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after the carbon dioxide is removed;

[0009] The separated carbon dioxide is pressurized and then injected into the first geological reservoir for sealing;

[0010] The flue gas after the removal of carbon dioxide is pressurized and then injected into the second geological reservoir for sealing;

[0011] If it is determined to provide electric energy to the pressurized treatment process, the flue gas sealed in the second geological reservoir is extracted, and the sealed flue gas is used to generate power to provide electric energy to the pressurized treatment process.

[0012] Optionally, before the step of performing desulfurization and denitrification treatment on the flue gas after the pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment, the step further includes:

[0013] The pressurized flue gas is dehydrated to obtain pressurized and dry flue gas.

[0014] Optionally, the flue gas after the pressurization treatment is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment, including:

[0015] The alkaline substance solution is mixed with the flue gas after the pressurized treatment, so that the alkaline substance solution reacts with the nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in the flue gas to generate compounds of acid radical ions and metal ions, so as to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment.

[0016] Optionally, the alkaline substance solution is potassium hydroxide.

[0017] Optionally, the concentration percentage of the alkaline substance solution is 5%-10%.

[0018] Optionally, separating carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide removal includes:

[0019] Carbon dioxide is separated from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment by membrane separation to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide is removed.

[0020] Optionally, the separated carbon dioxide is pressurized and then injected into the first geological reservoir for storage, including:

[0021] Performing supercritical pressure treatment on the separated carbon dioxide to obtain supercritical carbon dioxide, and injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide into the first geological reservoir for storage; or

[0022] The separated carbon dioxide is subjected to dense phase pressurization treatment to obtain dense phase carbon dioxide, and the dense phase carbon dioxide is injected into the first geological reservoir for sealing.

[0023] Optionally, before the step of pressurizing the flue gas after removing carbon dioxide and injecting it into the second geological reservoir for sealing, the method further includes:

[0024] Monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal;

[0025] When the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater than the preset carbon dioxide concentration, carbon dioxide is separated again from the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal until the concentration of carbon dioxide is less than the preset carbon dioxide concentration. The flue gas after carbon dioxide removal is pressurized and injected into the second geological reservoir for storage.

[0026] Optionally, the geological reservoir is any one of an underground aquifer, a rock cave, a coal seam and a saline water layer.

[0027] In a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling system is provided, comprising:

[0028] A first compression device is used to pressurize the flue gas to obtain pressurized flue gas;

[0029] The desulfurization and denitrification reactor is used to perform desulfurization and denitrification treatment on the flue gas after the pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment;

[0030] A carbon dioxide separation device is used to separate carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide is removed;

[0031] A second compression device is used to pressurize the separated carbon dioxide and then inject it into the first geological reservoir for sealing;

[0032] The third compression device is used to pressurize the flue gas after the carbon dioxide is removed and then inject it into the second geological reservoir for sealing;

[0033] The power generation system is used to extract the flue gas sealed in the second geological reservoir and use the sealed flue gas to generate power to provide power to the pressurized treatment process if it is determined to provide power to the pressurized treatment process.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the flue gas is subjected to pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after pressurization treatment; the flue gas after pressurization treatment is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment; carbon dioxide is separated from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal; the separated carbon dioxide is subjected to pressurization treatment and then injected into the first geological reservoir for sealing; the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal is subjected to pressurization treatment and then injected into the second geological reservoir for sealing; if it is determined to provide electric energy to the pressurization treatment process, the flue gas sealed in the second geological reservoir is extracted, and the sealed flue gas is used to generate power to provide electric energy to the pressurization treatment process. The present invention not only improves the efficiency of carbon capture, but also reduces the cost of carbon capture by coupling compressed tail gas energy storage and high-pressure carbon capture technology.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0037] Figure 1It is a flow chart of a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a process flow chart of the flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 : is a flow chart of a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0045] S100, pressurizing the flue gas to obtain pressurized flue gas;

[0046] It should be noted that the purpose of pressurizing the flue gas is to facilitate the subsequent separation of carbon dioxide from the flue gas using a membrane separation method.

[0047] S300, performing desulfurization and denitrification treatment on the flue gas after the pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment;

[0048] Desulfurization treatment refers to the removal of sulfur oxides in flue gas.

[0049] Denitrification refers to the removal of nitrogen oxides from flue gas.

[0050] It is understandable that there are many technologies for desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas at present, such as activated coke purifier, SCR reducing agent, etc., which are essentially to remove nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in flue gas through chemical reactions.

[0051] In one embodiment, step S300 specifically further includes the following steps:

[0052] S310, mixing the alkaline substance solution with the flue gas after the pressurized treatment, so that the alkaline substance solution reacts with the nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in the flue gas to generate compounds of acid radical ions and metal ions, so as to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment.

[0053] The alkaline substance solution refers to an alkaline substance solution, including but not limited to: potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, etc.

[0054] The compound of acid radical ion and metal ion refers to "salt", including but not limited to potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate and sodium nitrate, etc. The type of the compound of acid radical ion and metal ion depends on the choice of alkaline substance solution, that is, if the alkaline substance solution contains sodium ions, the generated compound of acid radical ion and metal ion includes sodium sulfate and sodium nitrate.

[0055] In one embodiment, the alkaline substance solution is potassium hydroxide. In this embodiment, potassium hydroxide reacts with sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to generate potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate, which are the main materials of fertilizers, thereby avoiding the generation of solid wastes after other alkaline substance solutions react with sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.

[0056] In one embodiment, the reaction temperature of the alkaline substance solution and the flue gas should meet the temperature required for a full reaction, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] In one embodiment, the concentration percentage of the alkaline substance solution is 5%-10%. If the concentration is too high, carbon dioxide will more easily form carbonates with it, reducing the effect of desulfurization and denitrification;

[0058] S500, separating carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide removal;

[0059] In one embodiment, step S500 may further include the following steps:

[0060] S510, using membrane separation to separate carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide is removed.

[0061] Membrane separation is the process of separating gases by using the different permeabilities of different gases in membranes made of specific materials. Membrane separation requires a relatively high operating pressure. The membrane separation device is compact, occupies a small area, and is easy to operate, so it has great development prospects.

[0062] Membrane materials are divided into organic polymer membranes and inorganic membranes. Organic membranes have higher selectivity and permeability, but are inferior to inorganic membranes in mechanical strength, thermal stability and chemical stability. Common membrane materials include but are not limited to zeolite membranes, carbon membranes, silica membranes, polyimide membranes, polyphenylene oxide membranes, cellulose acetate membranes, polyphenylene ether membranes, polysulfone membranes and related amine-modified membranes.

[0063] S700, the separated carbon dioxide is pressurized and then injected into the first geological reservoir for storage

[0064] In one embodiment, the geological reservoir is any one of an underground aquifer, a rock cave, a coal seam and a saline water layer.

[0065] In one embodiment, step S700 may further include the following steps:

[0066] Performing supercritical pressure treatment on the separated carbon dioxide to obtain supercritical carbon dioxide, and injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide into the first geological reservoir for storage; or

[0067] The separated carbon dioxide is subjected to dense phase pressurization treatment to obtain dense phase carbon dioxide, and the dense phase carbon dioxide is injected into the first geological reservoir for sealing.

[0068] The following are two detailed implementation methods for carbon dioxide storage:

[0069] 1. Supercritical carbon dioxide injection

[0070] Supercritical carbon dioxide refers to a special state formed when the temperature and pressure of carbon dioxide exceed the critical point. The critical point refers to the critical point of the critical temperature and critical pressure of the liquid phase and the gas phase. In supercritical carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide exhibits properties similar to a mixture of liquid and gas. It has the characteristics of high diffusivity, low viscosity, low surface tension, etc., while maintaining a high solubility. Among them, the critical pressure is 7.38Mpa and the critical temperature is 31.1℃.

[0071] 2. Dense phase carbon dioxide injection

[0072] Dense phase carbon dioxide refers to the state in which carbon dioxide is in liquid form under conditions greater than the critical pressure and less than the critical temperature. Dense phase carbon dioxide has the characteristics of high density and high solubility.

[0073] S900, the flue gas after the removal of carbon dioxide is pressurized and then injected into the second geological reservoir for sealing;

[0074] Specifically, the flue gas after the removal of carbon dioxide is pressurized to 7Mpa and then injected into a salt cavern at a depth of about 500 meters for storage.

[0075] S1100: If it is determined that electric energy is to be provided to the pressurization treatment process, the flue gas sealed in the second geological reservoir is extracted, and the sealed flue gas is used to generate power to provide electric energy to the pressurization treatment process.

[0076] Specifically, since the aforementioned steps require the consumption of electric energy for pressurizing the carbon dioxide and the flue gas after the carbon dioxide is removed, the flue gas after the pressurization treatment and the removal of carbon dioxide can be extracted from the geological reservoir, and then the flue gas can be injected into the power generation system, and the pressure energy of the flue gas can be used to generate electricity, thereby providing the required electric energy for the pressurization process. Among them, the power generation system can be an expansion generator.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, the flue gas is subjected to pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after pressurization treatment; the flue gas after pressurization treatment is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment; carbon dioxide is separated from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal; the separated carbon dioxide is subjected to pressurization treatment and then injected into the first geological reservoir for sealing; the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal is subjected to pressurization treatment and then injected into the second geological reservoir for sealing; if it is determined to provide electric energy to the pressurization treatment process, the flue gas sealed in the second geological reservoir is extracted, and the sealed flue gas is used to generate power to provide electric energy to the pressurization treatment process. The present invention not only improves the efficiency of carbon capture, but also reduces the cost of carbon capture by coupling compressed tail gas energy storage and high-pressure carbon capture technology.

[0078] Optionally, before step S300, the following steps may also be included:

[0079] S200, dehydrating the flue gas to obtain dry flue gas.

[0080] In this embodiment, since the presence of free water will react with carbon dioxide to generate carbonic acid, which is corrosive, the flue gas is dehydrated to ensure the safety of the flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method.

[0081] Optionally, before step S900, the following steps may also be included:

[0082] S810, monitoring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas after the removal of carbon dioxide;

[0083] S820, when the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater than the preset carbon dioxide concentration, carbon dioxide is separated again from the flue gas after the carbon dioxide is removed until the concentration of carbon dioxide is less than the preset carbon dioxide concentration, and the flue gas after the carbon dioxide is removed is pressurized and injected into the second geological reservoir for sealing.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present invention, since the flue gas after the removal of carbon dioxide is used to generate power, and the flue gas after power generation will be discharged into the atmosphere, in order to reduce the carbon dioxide discharged into the atmosphere, the carbon dioxide concentration of the flue gas after the removal of carbon dioxide is detected, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas is not injected into the geological reservoir for sealing until the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas reaches a preset carbon dioxide concentration, thereby reducing the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas discharged after power generation.

[0085] Embodiment 2

[0086] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the following Figure 2 Provide specific examples.

[0087] The flue gas contains carbon dioxide, nitrogen, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and water, and then the flue gas is pressurized to about 3Mpa by a compressor to obtain pressurized flue gas, and then the pressurized flue gas is dehydrated, and then a 5% potassium hydroxide solution is mixed with the pressurized flue gas to remove sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. At this time, the flue gas also includes carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen and water, and then membrane separation is used to separate the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, wherein the material type of the membrane is a silicon dioxide membrane, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 90.2%, and the capture rate of carbon dioxide is 83.7%. After the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is removed, only nitrogen, oxygen and water are left in the flue gas. Finally, the separated carbon dioxide is pressurized to about 15Mpa by a compressor, and the pressurized carbon dioxide is injected into the saline layer for storage. In addition, the flue gas is pressurized to about 7Mpa by a compressor, and then the compressed flue gas (nitrogen, oxygen and water) is injected into the salt cavern for storage. When energy storage and power generation are needed, the compressed flue gas is introduced into the expansion power generation system for power generation, with a power generation efficiency of 38.2%, thereby providing electricity for the compressor.

[0088] Embodiment 3

[0089] The flue gas contains carbon dioxide, nitrogen, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and water, and then the flue gas is pressurized to about 3Mpa by a compressor to obtain pressurized flue gas, and then the pressurized flue gas is dehydrated, and then a 5% potassium hydroxide solution is mixed with the pressurized flue gas to remove sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. At this time, the flue gas also includes carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen and water, and then membrane separation is used to separate the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, wherein the material type of the membrane is a polyimide membrane, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 95.1%, and the capture rate of carbon dioxide is 87.6%. After the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is removed, only nitrogen, oxygen and water are left in the flue gas. Finally, the separated carbon dioxide is pressurized to about 20Mpa by a compressor, and the pressurized carbon dioxide is injected into the saline layer for storage. In addition, the flue gas is pressurized to about 5Mpa by a compressor, and then the compressed flue gas (nitrogen, oxygen and water) is injected into the salt cavern for storage. When energy storage and power generation are needed, the compressed flue gas is introduced into the expansion power generation system for power generation, with a power generation efficiency of 38.6%, thereby providing electricity for the compressor.

[0090] Embodiment 4

[0091] The flue gas contains carbon dioxide, nitrogen, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and water, and then the flue gas is pressurized to about 3Mpa by a compressor to obtain pressurized flue gas, and then the pressurized flue gas is dehydrated, and then a 5% potassium hydroxide solution is mixed with the pressurized flue gas to remove sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. At this time, the flue gas also includes carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen and water, and then membrane separation is used to separate the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, wherein the material type of the membrane is an amine-modified polycarbonate membrane, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 93.2%, and the capture rate of carbon dioxide is 85.4%. After the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is removed, only nitrogen, oxygen and water are left in the flue gas. Finally, the separated carbon dioxide is pressurized to about 20Mpa by a compressor, and the pressurized carbon dioxide is injected into the saline layer for storage. In addition, the flue gas is pressurized to about 8.2Mpa by a compressor, and then the compressed flue gas (nitrogen, oxygen and water) is injected into the salt cavern for storage. When energy storage and power generation are needed, the compressed flue gas is introduced into the expansion power generation system for power generation, with a power generation efficiency of 37.7%, thereby providing electricity for the compressor.

[0092] Embodiment 5

[0093] Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention further provides a flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling system 200, comprising:

[0094] The first compression device 210 is used to pressurize the flue gas to obtain pressurized flue gas;

[0095] The desulfurization and denitration reactor 220 is used to perform desulfurization and denitration treatment on the flue gas after the pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitration treatment;

[0096] The carbon dioxide separation device 230 is used to separate carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide is removed;

[0097] The second compression device 240 is used to pressurize the separated carbon dioxide and then inject it into the first geological reservoir for sealing

[0098] The third compression device 250 is used to pressurize the flue gas after the carbon dioxide is removed and then inject it into the second geological reservoir for sealing;

[0099] The power generation system 260 is used to extract the flue gas sealed in the second geological reservoir and use the sealed flue gas to generate power to provide power to the pressurization process if it is determined to provide power to the pressurization process.

[0100] Optionally, the flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling system 200 further includes:

[0101] The drying device 270 dehydrates the pressurized flue gas to obtain pressurized and dried flue gas.

[0102] Optionally, the desulfurization and denitrification reactor 220 is specifically used to mix the alkaline substance solution with the flue gas after pressurized treatment, so that the alkaline substance solution reacts with the nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in the flue gas to generate compounds of acid radical ions and metal ions to obtain the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment.

[0103] Optionally, the carbon dioxide separation device 230 is specifically used to separate carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment by membrane separation to obtain the flue gas after carbon dioxide is removed.

[0104] Optionally, the second compression device 240 is specifically used to: perform supercritical pressure treatment on the separated carbon dioxide to obtain supercritical carbon dioxide, and inject the supercritical carbon dioxide into the first geological reservoir for storage; or perform dense phase pressure treatment on the separated carbon dioxide to obtain dense phase carbon dioxide, and inject the dense phase carbon dioxide into the first geological reservoir for storage.

[0105] Optionally, the flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling system 200 further includes:

[0106] A carbon dioxide monitoring device 280 is used to monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas after the carbon dioxide is removed;

[0107] The carbon dioxide monitoring device 280 is also used to separate carbon dioxide from the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal when the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater than a preset carbon dioxide concentration, until the concentration of carbon dioxide is less than a preset carbon dioxide concentration, and then pressurize the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal and inject it into the second geological reservoir for sealing.

[0108] It should be understood that the system corresponds to the above-mentioned flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method embodiment, and can execute each step involved in the above-mentioned method embodiment. The specific functions of the device can be found in the description above. In order to avoid repetition, the detailed description is appropriately omitted here.

[0109] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0110] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method, characterized in that: include: Performing pressurization treatment on the flue gas to obtain pressurized flue gas; Performing desulfurization and denitrification treatment on the flue gas after the pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment; Separating carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide removal; The separated carbon dioxide is pressurized and then injected into the first geological reservoir for sealing; The flue gas after the removal of carbon dioxide is pressurized and then injected into the second geological reservoir for sealing; If it is determined to provide electric energy to the pressurized treatment process, the flue gas sealed in the second geological reservoir is extracted, and the sealed flue gas is used to generate power to provide electric energy to the pressurized treatment process.

2. The flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before the step of desulfurizing and denitrifying the flue gas after the pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment, the step further includes: The pressurized flue gas is dehydrated to obtain pressurized and dry flue gas.

3. The flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flue gas after the pressurization treatment is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment, including: The alkaline substance solution is mixed with the flue gas after the pressurized treatment, so that the alkaline substance solution reacts with the nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in the flue gas to generate compounds of acid radical ions and metal ions, so as to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitrification treatment.

4. The flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The alkaline substance solution is potassium hydroxide.

5. The flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The concentration percentage of the alkaline substance solution is 5%-10%.

6. The flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Separating carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide removal includes: Carbon dioxide is separated from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment by membrane separation to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide is removed.

7. The flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separated carbon dioxide is pressurized and then injected into the first geological reservoir for storage, including: Performing supercritical pressure treatment on the separated carbon dioxide to obtain supercritical carbon dioxide, and injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide into the first geological reservoir for storage; or The separated carbon dioxide is subjected to dense phase pressurization treatment to obtain dense phase carbon dioxide, and the dense phase carbon dioxide is injected into the first geological reservoir for sealing.

8. The flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of pressurizing the flue gas after removing carbon dioxide and injecting it into the second geological reservoir for sealing, the method also includes: Monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal; When the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater than the preset carbon dioxide concentration, carbon dioxide is separated again from the flue gas after carbon dioxide removal until the concentration of carbon dioxide is less than the preset carbon dioxide concentration. The flue gas after carbon dioxide removal is pressurized and injected into the second geological reservoir for storage.

9. The flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A geological reservoir is any of an underground aquifer, rock cavern, coal seam, and saline aquifer.

10. A flue gas carbon capture and energy storage power generation coupling system, characterized in that: include: A first compression device is used to pressurize the flue gas to obtain pressurized flue gas; The desulfurization and denitration reactor is used to perform desulfurization and denitration treatment on the flue gas after the pressurization treatment to obtain the flue gas after the desulfurization and denitration treatment; A carbon dioxide separation device is used to separate carbon dioxide from the flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to obtain flue gas after carbon dioxide is removed; A second compression device is used to pressurize the separated carbon dioxide and then inject it into the first geological reservoir for sealing; The third compression device is used to pressurize the flue gas after the carbon dioxide is removed and then inject it into the second geological reservoir for sealing; The power generation system is used to extract the flue gas sealed in the second geological reservoir and use the sealed flue gas to generate power to provide power to the pressurized treatment process if it is determined to provide power to the pressurized treatment process.

Images