Welding wire, preparation method and preparation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding wire preparation method which comprises the following steps: straightening a welding wire, carrying out laser online heating treatment on a local area of the straightened welding wire by adopting a laser heating assembly, and drawing the welding wire in a drawing die; during laser online heating treatment, the real-time temperature of the local area corresponding to heating and the real-time temperature of the inlet end of the drawing die are monitored in real time, the real-time temperature is compared with a preset temperature range, and movement of a welding wire and a laser in a laser heating assembly are controlled based on the comparison result; if the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range, the welding wire continuously moves forwards; if the real-time temperature is lower than the lower limit of the preset temperature range, the power of the laser is controlled to be increased, and the welding wire is repeatedly heated until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range; and if the real-time temperature is higher than the upper limit of the preset temperature range, controlling the power of the laser to be reduced or adopting compressed gas to cool the heating area until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of welding wire preparation, and specifically relates to a method for preparing high-precision, high-quality and high-efficiency aluminum alloy welding wire, the welding wire prepared by the preparation method and a corresponding preparation device. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy welding wire is a metal wire that can be used as filler metal or as a conductive electrode and filler metal at the same time. In gas welding, brazing, and tungsten inert gas welding, the welding wire is only used as filler metal; in CMT welding, submerged arc welding, electroslag welding or other metal arc welding, the welding wire is both a filler metal and a conductive electrode.

[0003] Aluminum alloy welding wire has been widely used in melting welding products in the automotive, shipbuilding, aerospace and other industries. In addition to requiring appropriate welding wire composition to ensure that the weld joint has sufficient strength, ductility and other properties, aluminum alloy welding wire also needs to ensure the dimensional accuracy, uniformity, production efficiency and cost of the welding wire as much as possible.

[0004] The welding wire needs to go through multiple drawing processes during the production process, and the work hardening produced during the drawing process increases its strength and hardness but reduces its plasticity, which affects the subsequent drawing of small-sized welding wires. Therefore, the welding wire needs to be heat treated to improve its organizational structure and stress state, and to increase the plasticity of the welding wire for subsequent further drawing. When heat treating the welding wire, it is generally heated by an offline box-type heat treatment furnace or online electromagnetic induction.

[0005] When using an offline box-type heat treatment furnace, the frequent switching of the processing state of the welding wire and the long heating and cooling cycle of the large-size box-type furnace, as well as the rapid cooling process of the heat-treated welding wire before drawing, lead to reduced offline heating effect and efficiency of the welding wire, and cannot ensure continuous and efficient drawing process, thus affecting the quality and efficiency of welding wire drawing. The online electromagnetic induction heating method also has the disadvantages of complex equipment, high cost, and large heat loss, which reduces the efficiency of online electromagnetic induction heating welding wire preparation.

[0006] Many patents improve the dimensional accuracy and uniformity of welding wires by adding welding wire correction devices and modifying the surface of welding wires on the basis of existing aluminum alloy welding wire preparation. For example, patent CN 215696886 U optimizes the geometric dimensions by using a welding wire drawing rotary die box, and patent CN 117844376 A enhances the material bonding force by using a nano-coating on the surface of aluminum alloy welding wires, thereby solving the problems of large wire feeding resistance and poor wire feeding stability during traditional welding. However, such methods are costly and difficult to implement. For example, patents CN 112692466 A, CN 116393872 A, and CN 208977094U mainly prepare welding wires by multiple drawing, intermediate annealing, and online induction heating. However, such methods have low welding wire preparation efficiency and high cost, and the online induction heating equipment is complex, has low thermal efficiency, large energy consumption, and inaccurate temperature control.

[0007] The disclosure of the above background technology content is only used to assist in understanding the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above content has been disclosed before the filing date of this patent application, the above background technology should not be used to evaluate the novelty and creativity of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an aluminum alloy welding wire based on online laser heating.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for preparing a welding wire comprises the following steps:

[0011] The welding wire is straightened, and a laser heating component is used to perform laser online heating treatment on a local area of ​​the straightened welding wire. The heated welding wire enters a drawing die for drawing;

[0012] During the laser online heating process, the real-time temperature of the local area corresponding to the welding wire heating and / or the inlet end of the drawing die is monitored in real time, and the real-time temperature is compared with the preset temperature range, and the movement of the welding wire and / or the operation of the laser in the laser heating assembly is controlled based on the comparison result;

[0013] The real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range and the welding wire continues to move forward;

[0014] When the real-time temperature is lower than the lower limit of the preset temperature range, the laser power is controlled to increase, and / or the welding wire is repeatedly heated, the size of the repeated heating area is 10 to 30 mm, and it is located 10 to 30 mm from the inlet end of the drawing die until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range;

[0015] If the real-time temperature is higher than the upper limit of the preset temperature range, the laser power is controlled to be reduced and / or compressed gas is used for cooling until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range. Preferably, the compressed gas is an inert gas, and the compressed inert gas is blown to the welding wire to reduce the temperature and avoid oxidation of the welding wire.

[0016] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the real-time temperature includes a first real-time temperature corresponding to the heated local area, the preset temperature includes a first preset temperature corresponding to the heated local area, the first real-time temperature is compared with the first preset temperature range, and the operation of the laser in the laser heating assembly is controlled based on the comparison result. Specifically:

[0017] If the first real-time temperature is within the first preset temperature range, the laser power remains unchanged and the welding wire continues to move forward;

[0018] If the first real-time temperature is lower than the lower limit of the first preset temperature range, the laser power is controlled to increase until the first real-time temperature is within the first preset temperature range;

[0019] If the first real-time temperature is higher than the upper limit of the first preset temperature range, the laser power is controlled to decrease until the first real-time temperature is within the first preset temperature range.

[0020] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the real-time temperature includes a second real-time temperature corresponding to the inlet end of the drawing die, the preset temperature includes a second preset temperature corresponding to the inlet end of the drawing die, the second real-time temperature is compared with the second preset temperature range, and the movement of the welding wire is controlled based on the comparison result. Specifically:

[0021] If the second real-time temperature is within the second preset temperature range, the welding wire continues to move forward;

[0022] If the second real-time temperature is lower than the lower limit of the second preset temperature range, the welding wire is repeatedly heated until the second real-time temperature is within the second preset temperature range;

[0023] If the second real-time temperature is higher than the upper limit of the second preset temperature range, compressed gas cooling is used until the second real-time temperature is within the second preset temperature range. Preferably, the compressed gas is an inert gas, and the compressed inert gas is blown to the welding wire to cool it down and avoid oxidation of the welding wire.

[0024] Preferably, the first preset temperature is 0-10° C. higher than the second preset temperature.

[0025] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the welding wire is drawn once or multiple times, and the diameter of the welding wire after each drawing is 30%-50% of the diameter before drawing. In some embodiments, the diameter of the welding wire before drawing is 9-10mm; the diameter after one drawing can be as small as 3-5mm.

[0026] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the size of the local area is 15-35 mm.

[0027] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the repeated heating is that the welding wire is fixed and the laser is controlled to move; or the laser is fixed and the welding wire is controlled to move, and the welding wire moves a distance of 5 to 15 mm. That is, during repeated heating, the welding wire moves 5 to 15 mm, and the repeated heating area is 10 to 30 mm, which is greater than the moving distance of the welding wire.

[0028] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the temperature of the laser online heating treatment is 250-500° C., and the angle between the laser beam and the vertical plane is 10-30°.

[0029] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, during the laser online heating process, the laser spot diameter is 2 to 10 mm, and the heating projection area is 60 to 150 mm. 2 , heating time 1 to 5s.

[0030] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the distance between the local area and the drawing die is 20-50 mm.

[0031] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, a positioning component is further provided between the laser and the drawing die, and the positioning component is coaxially arranged with the drawing die and the distance between the two is 5 to 15 mm; the positioning component is used to verify the roundness, linearity, and centering (coaxiality) of the welding wire, and plays a role in stabilizing the welding wire, so as to avoid a large symmetry difference in the geometric dimensions of the welding wire during the movement from the heating area to the inlet end of the drawing die, thereby ensuring that the geometric dimensions before drawing meet the requirements of the inlet of the drawing die and reducing unnecessary manual correction. The positioning component is a circular ring or a medium-hole round tube, and its inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the welding wire. It is mainly used to check whether the welding wire after straightening and online heating meets the requirements of the geometric dimensions before drawing. If the geometric dimensions of the welding wire at the positioning component do not meet the drawing requirements, the welding wire is withdrawn for repeated straightening and online heating until the welding wire at the positioning component meets the drawing requirements.

[0032] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the straightening is performed by using a straightening assembly, and the straightening assembly includes a plurality of straightening rollers, and the plurality of straightening rollers are arranged in an equilateral triangle.

[0033] In some embodiments, preferably, the wire feeding roller can simultaneously provide the function of rotating forward wire feeding or rotating retracting wire feeding; the drawing die is provided with a die heating assembly, which is used to heat the drawing die, and the temperature is controlled by an infrared temperature measuring assembly and a real-time temperature feedback and adjustment assembly to ensure that the temperature of the welding wire after rapid laser heating is maintained in the die to facilitate drawing.

[0034] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the real-time temperature monitoring points are located at the heated local area (first monitoring point), 5 to 10 mm from the inlet end of the drawing die (second monitoring point, located between the positioning assembly and the drawing die) and the middle position of the drawing die (third monitoring point, used to detect the temperature of the middle area of ​​the drawing die); the real-time temperature measurement range is 100 to 800°C, and the measurement accuracy is ±2°C.

[0035] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the laser power is controlled to adjust the temperature with an adjustment accuracy of 10-20° C. and an adjustment rate of 0.2-0.4 s / ° C.

[0036] The present invention also provides a welding wire prepared according to the above preparation method.

[0037] The present invention also provides a welding wire preparation device corresponding to the above preparation method, comprising a wire feeding assembly, a straightening assembly, a positioning assembly, a laser heating assembly, a temperature measuring assembly, a temperature regulating assembly, a drawing die, and a winding assembly. The welding wire is drawn out by the wire feeding roller, and is sequentially heated by the straightening assembly, the laser heating assembly, and the drawing die before being hot-drawn and then wound on the winding assembly. The laser heating assembly and the temperature measuring assembly are both connected to the temperature regulating assembly. The temperature measuring assembly is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the welding wire after being heated by the laser heating assembly and transmit it to the temperature regulating assembly. The temperature regulating assembly compares the real-time temperature with a preset temperature range, and controls the movement of the laser heating assembly and the welding wire based on the comparison result. The wire feeding assembly and the winding assembly can control the welding wire to move forward or backward.

[0038] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, a die heating assembly is provided outside the drawing die, which is used to heat the drawing die.

[0039] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a cooling assembly corresponding to the heating area of ​​the welding wire and / or the inlet end of the drawing die is included, which is used to cool the welding wire.

[0040] Preferably, during the forward or backward movement of the welding wire, the welding wire rotates along its axis, that is, the welding wire rotates axially while moving axially, so as to achieve more uniform heating and drawing.

[0041] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the benefits of the present invention are as follows: the welding wire preparation method of the present invention uses a laser heat source to perform rapid and efficient local high-precision online controlled heating of the welding wire surface, which significantly increases the online heating efficiency and welding wire preparation efficiency of the welding wire and reduces the number of drawing times; the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature can be discovered in time through temperature measurement, real-time feedback and adjustment components, and the welding wire is pulled back to the laser heat source for heating or the laser heat source is moved to the welding wire for temperature correction, ensuring that the welding wire entering the drawing die reaches the preset heating temperature, while the online heating of the drawing die, real-time temperature feedback and adjustment components ensure that the heated welding wire has a smaller temperature loss, and finally the welding wire is wound on the winding shaft in an orderly, continuous and efficient manner through the winding shaft that can be moved up and down on the rear side of the drawing die. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a welding wire preparation device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Among them, the figure marks include: 1. wire feeding roller; 2. straightening roller; 3. positioning assembly; 4. drawing die; 5. die heating assembly; 6. laser; 7. temperature measuring assembly; 8. temperature real-time feedback and adjustment assembly; 9. compressed gas cooling assembly; 10. welding wire; 11. winding assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] High-strength and tough aluminum alloy welding wire has high strength but relatively poor plasticity. The work hardening phenomenon in the drawing process makes it impossible to draw the welding wire in a few passes. It needs to be drawn after offline annealing or after online electromagnetic induction heating. No matter which method is used, the wire drawing efficiency is low and the wire making cost is high. The present invention reduces the number of drawing times and improves the efficiency of aluminum alloy welding wire preparation by arranging laser online heating, temperature monitoring, temperature feedback and adjustment in front of the drawing die.

[0047] Example 1 Preparation device

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-precision, high-quality, and high-efficiency aluminum alloy welding wire 10 preparation device in this embodiment includes a wire feeding assembly, a straightening assembly, a laser heating assembly, an infrared temperature measurement assembly 7, a temperature adjustment assembly, a drawing die 4 and a die heating assembly 5, and a winding assembly 11 in sequence along the advancing direction of the welding wire 10. In this embodiment, a positioning assembly 3 is also arranged between the laser heating assembly and the drawing die 4, and the positioning assembly 3 is coaxially arranged with the drawing die 4 and the distance between the two is 5 to 15 mm. The positioning component 3 in this embodiment is a circular ring or a center-hole circular tube, whose inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the welding wire 10, and is used to verify the roundness, linearity, and coaxiality of the welding wire 10, and to check whether the welding wire after straightening and online heating meets the requirements of the geometric dimensions before drawing. If the geometric dimensions of the welding wire at the positioning component do not meet the drawing requirements, the welding wire is withdrawn for repeated straightening and online heating until the welding wire at the positioning component meets the drawing requirements; at the same time, it plays a role in stabilizing the welding wire, avoiding large symmetrical differences in the geometric dimensions of the welding wire during the movement from the heating area to the entrance of the drawing die, thereby ensuring that the geometric dimensions before drawing meet the requirements of the entrance of the drawing die and reducing unnecessary manual corrections.

[0049] The laser heating component includes a laser 6 and a temperature real-time feedback and adjustment component 8. The mold heating component 5 is used to heat the drawing mold 4, and the temperature is controlled by the infrared temperature measurement component 7 and the temperature real-time feedback and adjustment component 8 to ensure that the temperature of the welding wire 10 after rapid laser heating is maintained in the mold to facilitate drawing; the winding component 11 includes a winding shaft.

[0050] The wire feeding assembly includes a high-power wire feeding roller 1. The wire feeding roller 1 ensures that there is enough energy to push the welding wire 10 of different diameters and strengths for stable wire feeding. The wire feeding roller 1 has a forward wire feeding function, preferably a rotating wire feeding function, to ensure the straightening uniformity (roundness) and heating uniformity of the welding wire 10. At the same time, the wire feeding roller 1 has a retraction and emergency stop function. When the temperature of the welding wire 10 after online heating does not reach the set hot drawing temperature, the wire feeding can be stopped, the laser beam moves for repeated heating, or the welding wire 10 is retracted (backward) to the position of the laser beam for in-situ heating, so that the heating temperature reaches the predetermined temperature, and then subsequent drawing is performed.

[0051] The welding wire 10 straightening assembly includes a plurality of straightening rollers 2, which are divided into two rows and arranged alternately. The welding wire 10 passes between the upper and lower rows of straightening rollers 2, and any three adjacent rollers are arranged in an "equilateral triangle". The straightening rollers 2 are firmly mounted on the mounting seat and driven by a rotating motor. The straightening rollers 2 should maintain a consistent spacing, and the upper and lower surfaces and the axis of the straightening rollers 2 should be parallel.

[0052] The welding wire 10 sent out after being straightened by the straightening roller 2 passes through the bottom of the laser 6. The laser 6 is equipped with a large-size spot adjustment and beam swing device. The large-size spot and swing method are used to uniformly and efficiently heat the surface of the welding wire 10 locally with high precision and fast controlled online heating. The temperature of the welding wire 10 extending from the positioning component 3 after rapid online heating by the laser 6 reaches 400°C, and then the subsequent drawing process or other processing procedures are carried out.

[0053] The position of online temperature measurement is located on the lower surface of the welding wire 10, and the test center coincides with the center of the laser heating area. The online temperature measurement device should ensure sufficient sensitivity and accuracy. At the same time, the results of the online test should be quickly optimized and adjusted through the feedback adjustment component 8, and the feedback adjustment component 8 should have the functions of simple operation and fast temperature adjustment. After online temperature measurement, temperature feedback and adjustment, the welding wire 10 extends from the positioning component 3. After the positioning component 3, the welding wire 10 is subjected to actual temperature measurement and feedback adjustment again before entering the drawing die 4, and then the subsequent drawing process is carried out.

[0054] Preferably, the preparation device further comprises a compressed gas cooling assembly 9, which is used to cool the welding wire 10 when the temperature is too high, and the blowing outlet of the compressed gas corresponds to the heated local area and / or the inlet end of the drawing die. Preferably, the compressed gas is an inert gas, and the compressed inert gas is blown to the welding wire to cool it down and avoid oxidation of the welding wire.

[0055] After online temperature measurement and confirmation by the temperature adjustment component 8, the welding wire 10 passes through the positioning component 3 for size and centering correction. The gap in the positioning component 3 should be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the welding wire 10. After positioning by the positioning component 3, the center line of the welding wire 10 should coincide with the center line of the center hole of the rear drawing die 4. The welding wire 10 slides from the positioning component 3 to the drawing die 4, and then undergoes hot drawing to obtain the welding wire 10 of a preset diameter. Finally, the drawn welding wire 10 is continuously and efficiently wound on the rear winding shaft.

[0056] The automatic winding shaft is made of a hollow shaft, and the winding shaft can move up and down, and can also rotate forward and reverse. The drawn welding wire 10 is wound on the winding shaft in an orderly manner. When serious disorderly winding occurs, it can be corrected by moving up and down or rotating forward and reverse, so as to prepare the orderly arranged welding wire 10.

[0057] The device for preparing high-precision, high-quality and high-efficiency aluminum alloy welding wire 10 in this embodiment includes a wire feeding assembly, a straightening assembly, a laser heating assembly, a temperature measuring assembly 7, a temperature regulating assembly, a drawing die 4 and a die heating assembly 5, a winding assembly 11, and a compressed gas cooling assembly 9. The welding wire 10 is led out by the wire feeding roller 1, and is successively heated by the straightening assembly, the laser heating assembly, and drawn by the drawing die 4 before being wound on the winding assembly 11. The laser heating assembly, the compressed gas cooling assembly 9, and the temperature measuring assembly 7 are all connected to the temperature regulating assembly. The temperature measuring assembly 7 is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the welding wire 10 after being heated by the laser heating assembly and transmit it to the temperature regulating assembly 8. The temperature regulating assembly 8 compares the real-time temperature with the preset temperature range, and controls the movement of the laser heating assembly and the welding wire 10 based on the comparison result, which can significantly improve the production efficiency of the preparation of the aluminum alloy welding wire 10.

[0058] Example 2 Preparation method

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a welding wire 10 based on the welding wire 10 preparation device in Embodiment 1, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0060] 1) Straightening

[0061] First, the welding wire 10 fed by the wire feed roller 1 is straightened.

[0062] Straightening is performed by a straightening assembly, which includes a plurality of straightening rollers 2 arranged in a triangular shape, divided into two rows and arranged alternately, and the welding wire 10 passes between the upper and lower rows of straightening rollers 2, and any three adjacent rollers are arranged in an "equilateral triangle". The straightening rollers 2 are firmly mounted on the mounting seat and driven by a rotating motor. The straightening rollers 2 should maintain a consistent spacing, and the upper and lower surfaces and the axis of the straightening rollers 2 should be parallel.

[0063] The straightening roller 2 adopts an alternating "equilateral triangle" design, which improves the stability of wire feeding, the uniformity and accuracy of straightening, and can realize a high-precision, high-stability automated straightening process.

[0064] 2) Heating

[0065] The laser heating assembly is used to perform laser online heating treatment on a local area of ​​the straightened welding wire 10. The size of the local area is 15 to 35 mm. The distance between the local area and the drawing die 4 is 20 to 50 mm.

[0066] The laser heating assembly includes a laser 6. The temperature of the laser online heating treatment is 250-500°C, the angle between the laser beam and the vertical plane is 10-30°; the laser spot diameter is 2-10mm, and the heating projection area is 60-150mm 2 , heating time 1 to 5s.

[0067] During the laser online heating process, the first real-time temperature of the local area corresponding to the heating of the welding wire 10 and the second real-time temperature of the inlet end of the corresponding drawing die 4 are monitored in real time, and the real-time temperature is compared with the preset temperature range (first preset temperature, second preset temperature), and the movement of the welding wire 10 and the laser 6 in the laser heating component are controlled based on the comparison result. Among them, the first real-time temperature is compared with the first preset temperature range, and the operation of the laser 6 in the laser heating component is controlled based on the comparison result; the second real-time temperature is compared with the second preset temperature range, and the movement of the welding wire 10 is controlled based on the comparison result.

[0068] There are three specific situations:

[0069] A. The first real-time temperature is within the first preset temperature range, and the second real-time temperature is within the second preset temperature range, the power of the laser 6 remains unchanged, and the welding wire 10 continues to move forward.

[0070] B. The first real-time temperature is lower than the lower limit of the first preset temperature range, the power of the laser 6 is controlled to increase, and / or the second real-time temperature is lower than the lower limit of the second preset temperature range, the welding wire 10 is repeatedly heated, the size of the repeated heating area of ​​the welding wire 10 is 10 to 30 mm, and is located 10 to 30 mm from the inlet end of the drawing die 4, until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range, and the welding wire 10 moves forward again.

[0071] Repeated heating mainly relies on the relative movement of the heat source (laser 6) and the welding wire 10, wherein the large-size spot, the swinging light spot mode, and the rotating forward movement of the welding wire 10 can effectively promote the uniformity of heating of the welding wire 10. There are two ways of repeated heating: the welding wire 10 is fixed, and the movement of the laser 6 or the swinging of the laser 6 is controlled; or, the laser 6 is fixed, and the movement of the welding wire 10 is controlled, and the welding wire 10 moves (withdraws) a distance of 5 to 15 mm. The second method is preferred, in which the laser 6 starts to reheat from the end of the welding wire 10 in the repeated heating area until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range, and the welding wire 10 moves forward again.

[0072] The welding wire 10 rotates axially while moving axially when rotating forward. The same is true for rotating backward.

[0073] C. The first real-time temperature is higher than the upper limit of the first preset temperature range, the power of the laser 6 is controlled to be reduced, and / or the second real-time temperature is higher than the upper limit of the second preset temperature range, the compressed gas cooling component 9 is started, and compressed inert gas such as nitrogen is used to quickly cool the heating area or the inlet end area of ​​the drawing die 4 until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range.

[0074] That is, the first real-time temperature and the first preset temperature are mainly used to control the operation of the laser 6, and the second real-time temperature and the second preset temperature are used to determine whether the welding wire 10 meets the temperature standard for entering the drawing die 4 for drawing, and to control the movement of the welding wire 10.

[0075] The first real-time temperature monitoring point is located in the middle of the heated local area; the real-time temperature measurement range is 100-800°C, and the measurement accuracy is ±2°C. The power of the laser 6 is 1Kw-3Kw, and the adjustment accuracy of the laser 6 power when adjusting the temperature is 10-20°C, and the adjustment rate is 0.2-0.4s / °C.

[0076] The welding wire 10 fed out by the alternating rollers can continuously pass through the bottom of the laser heat source. The laser heat source quickly performs high-precision local controlled online heating on the welding wire 10, thereby realizing an efficient online heating process for the welding wire 10.

[0077] 3) Positioning

[0078] In this embodiment, a positioning assembly 3 is further provided between the laser 6 and the drawing die 4. The welding wire 10 is positioned by passing through the positioning assembly 3 before entering the drawing die 4 for hot drawing.

[0079] The distance between the positioning component 3 and the drawing die 4 is 5 to 15 mm, preferably 10 mm. The positioning component 3 is used to verify the roundness, linearity and coaxiality of the welding wire 10. The positioning component 3 is a circular ring or a medium-hole circular tube, whose inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the welding wire 10. It is mainly used to check whether the welding wire 10 after straightening and online heating meets the requirements of the geometric dimensions before drawing. If the geometric dimensions of the welding wire 10 at the positioning component 3 do not meet the drawing requirements, the welding wire 10 is withdrawn for repeated straightening and online heating until the welding wire 10 at the positioning component 3 meets the drawing requirements. At the same time, the positioning component 3 plays a role in stabilizing the welding wire 10, avoiding large symmetry differences in the geometric dimensions of the welding wire 10 during the movement from the heating area to the entrance end of the drawing die 4, thereby ensuring that the geometric dimensions before drawing meet the requirements of the entrance of the drawing die 4 and reducing unnecessary manual corrections.

[0080] 4) Pulling

[0081] In this embodiment, the heating temperature of the welding wire is 250°C, and the diameter of the welding wire 10 before drawing is φ9.5mm; the diameter after one drawing is φ3mm, and the diameter after drawing is 32% of the diameter before drawing. That is, in this embodiment, drawing from a diameter of 9.5mm to a diameter of 3mm can be achieved by only one drawing.

[0082] Multiple hot drawing is mainly aimed at the process of drawing from large diameter to small diameter. It can be understood that the single-pass welding wire 10 has undergone a complete drawing, and then the drawing of the next diameter is carried out. At this time, it is necessary to repeat the straightening, that is, it is necessary to repeat the complete process steps 1)-step 4), including front end straightening and re-positioning in front of the drawing die 4.

[0083] 5) Entanglement

[0084] The drawn welding wire 10 is wound on a winding roller through a winding device.

[0085] Comparative Example 1:

[0086] The preparation method of the welding wire in this comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0087] 1. The welding wire 10 fed out by the high-power wire feeding roller 1 passes through the straightening rollers 2 alternately arranged in an "equilateral triangle" and is straightened by the straightening rollers 2 to obtain the welding wire 10 with a diameter of φ9.5 mm. At the same time, the welding wire 10 continues to move toward the positioning assembly 3.

[0088] 2. After the size and centering correction by the positioning component 3, the welding wire 10 slides from the gap of the positioning component 3 into the drawing die 4, and then after a single drawing, only a welding wire 10 with a diameter of φ6 mm is obtained. The finally drawn welding wire 10 needs to be drawn multiple times.

[0089] That is, in comparative example 1, the diameter of the welding wire cannot be significantly reduced by a single drawing pass, and multiple drawing passes are required.

[0090] Comparative Example 2:

[0091] The preparation method of the welding wire in this comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0092] 1. The welding wire 10 fed out by the high-power wire feeding roller 1 passes through the straightening rollers 2 alternately arranged in an "equilateral triangle" and is straightened by the straightening rollers 2 to obtain a welding wire 10 with a diameter of φ9.5 mm. At the same time, the welding wire 10 continues to move toward the mold heating assembly 5.

[0093] 2. After being straightened by the straightening roller 2, the welding wire 10 passes through the bottom of the laser assembly, and the laser heat source performs uniform and efficient local high-precision rapid controlled online heating on the surface of the welding wire 10. The temperature of the welding wire 10 extending from the positioning assembly 3 after rapid online heating by the laser assembly reaches 550°C, and then the subsequent drawing process or other processing procedures are carried out.

[0094] 3. After the area heated by the laser online is completed with real-time monitoring and rapid feedback adjustment, the welding wire 10 is extended from the positioning component 3 after online temperature measurement and confirmation by the temperature adjustment component, and then the subsequent drawing process is carried out.

[0095] 4. After the positioning component 3 is used for size and centering correction, the welding wire 10 slides from the gap of the positioning component 3 into the drawing die 4. During the single-pass drawing process, the excessively high laser online heating temperature causes the strength of the wire blank to be significantly reduced, and the φ9.5 mm wire blank breaks directly during the drawing process.

[0096] That is, the heating temperature of the welding wire in Comparative Example 2 is too high, resulting in the breakage of the welding wire during the drawing process.

[0097] The high-precision, high-quality and high-efficiency aluminum alloy welding wire 10 preparation device of the present invention comprises: an alternating multi-roll straightening wheel, laser online heating, infrared temperature measurement, temperature real-time feedback and adjustment system, a drawing die 4 and a die heating component 5, and a winding component; the geometric shape, dimensional accuracy and uniformity of the welding wire 10 are improved by the "equilateral triangle" straightening roller 2, and the straightening and centering time of the welding wire 10 positioning component 3 in front of the drawing die 4 is significantly reduced. The surface of the welding wire 10 is quickly and efficiently heated locally with high precision online in a controlled manner by a laser heat source, which significantly increases the online heating efficiency of the welding wire 10 and the preparation efficiency of the welding wire 10. The temperature measurement, real-time feedback and adjustment component 8 can timely find the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature, and the welding wire 10 is drawn back to the laser heat source for heating or the laser heat source is moved to the welding wire 10 for temperature correction, so as to ensure that the welding wire 10 entering the drawing die 4 reaches the preset heating temperature, and finally the welding wire 10 is orderly, continuously and efficiently wound on the winding shaft through the winding shaft that can move up and down on the rear side of the drawing die 4.

[0098] The method for preparing the aluminum alloy welding wire 10 of the present invention comprises straightening the welding wire 10, online heating of the welding wire 10, real-time monitoring and feedback system of the temperature of the welding wire 10, drawing and winding steps. The welding wire 10 straightening assembly includes two rows of alternately arranged straightening rollers 2, and any three adjacent rollers in the welding wire 10 straightening assembly are in a triangular wire feeding state, and the welding wire 10 fed from the wire feeding roller 1 passes between the two rows of straightening rollers 2; the welding wire 10 online heating mechanism adopts a laser 6 heat source to achieve fast, efficient and precise heating, and the welding wire 10 fed between the two rows of alternating straightening rollers 2 passes from the bottom of the laser heat source; the welding wire 10 temperature real-time monitoring position of the welding wire 10 in the welding wire 10 temperature real-time monitoring and feedback system is located on the lower surface of the welding wire 10 in the laser heating area, and further, the temperature adjustment assembly should be adjusted and stabilized before the welding wire 10 enters the drawing die 4. The drawing die 4 in the welding wire 10 drawing and winding assembly 11 should maintain an effective thermal processing distance from the edge of the online heating area of ​​the welding wire 10, and the winding assembly 11 should have the function of evenly moving and winding up and down.

[0099] The method for preparing the aluminum alloy welding wire 10 of the present invention uses alternating multi-rollers to straighten the welding wire 10 before drawing the aluminum alloy welding wire 10, and uses laser online heating during the drawing process, and is equipped with a real-time temperature monitoring and feedback adjustment component 8, a drawing die 4 and a die heating component 5, and a winding component 11 to achieve an organic combination of the temperature control of the welding wire 10 and the forming process, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0100] (1) Alternating multi-roller straightening wheel: The three rollers are arranged alternately to keep the welding wire 10 between the rollers in a stable deformation and wire feeding state. Any three adjacent rollers of the welding wire 10 between the rollers are in a triangular shape and stable straightening and wire feeding state.

[0101] (2) Laser online heating treatment: The aluminum alloy welding wire 10 obtained in step (1) is subjected to local area laser online heating treatment, and the angle between the laser beam and the vertical plane ranges from 10 to 30 degrees.

[0102] (3) Infrared temperature measurement: The surface temperature of the aluminum alloy welding wire 10 obtained in step (2) is measured in real time, with a temperature range of 100 to 800° C. and a measurement accuracy of ±2° C. The temperature measurement position of the laser online heating area should be located at the center of the heating area.

[0103] (4) Temperature real-time feedback and adjustment component 8: The temperature of the aluminum alloy welding wire 10 obtained in step (3) is adjusted online in real time to ensure that the online heating temperature of the aluminum alloy welding wire 10 is within the set range.

[0104] (5) Hot drawing and winding of the welding wire 10: The aluminum alloy welding wire 10 obtained in steps (3) and (4) and reaching the specified online heating temperature and maintaining a stable temperature is sent to the drawing die 4 for hot drawing. After multiple hot drawing processes (including steps 1 to 4), the aluminum alloy welding wire 10 of the specified size is finally obtained and slowly wound on the end wire winding wheel.

[0105] The online heating temperature of the welding wire 10 near the end of the drawing die must reach the specified value. At the same time, the winding assembly 11 should have the function of evenly moving up and down and forward and reverse rotation to ensure that the welding wire 10 is wound on the winding shaft in an orderly manner, with a moving speed of 2mm / s to 8mm / s.

[0106] (6) Surface treatment of welding wire 10: The aluminum alloy welding wire 10 obtained in step (5) is subjected to a final scraping treatment to remove the oxide film and impurities on the surface of the welding wire 10.

[0107] The beneficial effects of the aluminum alloy welding wire preparation method and preparation device of the present invention are:

[0108] 1. The wire feeding roller in the present invention adopts the method of rotating and advancing at the same time to feed the wire, which improves the roundness and heating uniformity of the welding wire. The straightening roller adopts the alternating "equilateral triangle" design, which improves the stability of wire feeding, the uniformity and precision of straightening, and can realize high-precision and high-stability automatic wire feeding and straightening process, which not only reduces the labor intensity of manual correction and alignment before online heating and drawing, but also further improves the efficiency of welding wire preparation.

[0109] 2. The welding wire fed by the alternating rollers can continuously pass through the bottom of the laser heat source, and the laser heat source performs large-area local high-precision, fast and controlled online heating on the surface of the welding wire. The laser heat source online heating technology significantly improves the heat loss of the welding wire per unit time and per unit area, and also improves the online heating efficiency and welding wire preparation efficiency, and reduces production costs.

[0110] 3. The patent of the present invention arranges a positioning component for the welding wire entrance in front of the drawing die, so that the center position of the welding wire after heating is coaxial with the center hole of the drawing die, ensuring that the heated welding wire passes through the axis of the center hole of the drawing die, and plays a limiting and guiding role for the welding wire that is about to enter the drawing die, avoiding the welding wire and the center position of the drawing die from being out of focus and hindering the movement of the welding wire.

[0111] 4. The patent of the present invention installs a high-precision infrared temperature sensor at the online heating position of the welding wire, and performs real-time temperature feedback and adjustment. It can monitor the temperature of the welding wire in real time during the heating process, so as to adjust the heating temperature of the laser in time according to the temperature feedback, thereby ensuring the controllability and timeliness of the welding wire temperature.

[0112] 5. The patent of this invention combines multi-roller alternating straightening with laser online heating, so that the welding wire entering the drawing die has better dimensional accuracy, centering and suitable temperature, thereby reducing the deformation resistance and friction of the drawing die and extending the service life of the drawing die.

[0113] 6. The winding assembly in the patent of the present invention can realize uniform movement up and down, reducing the intersection and disorderly arrangement of the welding wire during the online winding process, and improving the orderly arrangement of the welding wire and the wire feeding stability during the welding process.

[0114] The above embodiments prepared by the method of the present invention are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a welding wire, characterized in that: The steps include: The welding wire is straightened, and a laser heating component is used to perform laser online heating treatment on a local area of ​​the straightened welding wire. The heated welding wire enters a drawing die for drawing; During the laser online heating process, the real-time temperature of the local area of ​​the welding wire corresponding to the heating and / or the inlet end of the drawing die is monitored in real time, and the real-time temperature is compared with the preset temperature range, and the movement of the welding wire and / or the operation of the laser in the laser heating assembly is controlled based on the comparison result; The real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range and the welding wire continues to move forward; When the real-time temperature is lower than the lower limit of the preset temperature range, the laser power is controlled to increase, and / or the welding wire is repeatedly heated, and the size of the repeated heating area is 10 to 30 mm, until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range; If the real-time temperature is higher than the upper limit of the preset temperature range, the laser power is controlled to be reduced; and / or compressed gas is used for cooling until the real-time temperature is within the preset temperature range.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time temperature includes a first real-time temperature corresponding to the heated local area, and the preset temperature includes a first preset temperature corresponding to the heated local area. The first real-time temperature is compared with the first preset temperature range, and the operation of the laser in the laser heating component is controlled based on the comparison result.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time temperature includes a second real-time temperature corresponding to the inlet end of the drawing die, and the preset temperature includes a second preset temperature corresponding to the inlet end of the drawing die. The second real-time temperature is compared with a second preset temperature range, and the movement of the welding wire is controlled based on the comparison result.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding wire is drawn once or multiple times, and the diameter of the welding wire after each drawing is 30%-50% of the diameter before drawing.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the heated local area is 15 to 35 mm.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The repeated heating is performed by fixing the welding wire and controlling the movement of the laser; or fixing the laser and controlling the movement of the welding wire, wherein the movement distance of the welding wire is 5 to 15 mm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the laser online heating treatment is 250-500° C., and the angle between the laser beam of the laser and the vertical plane is 10-30°.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the laser online heating process, the laser spot diameter is 2 to 10 mm, and the heating projection area is 60 to 150 mm. 2 , heating time 1 to 5s.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the local area and the drawing die is 20 to 50 mm.

10. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning component is also arranged between the laser and the drawing die. The positioning component and the drawing die are arranged coaxially and the distance between the two is 5 to 15 mm.

11. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightening is performed by using a straightening assembly, and the straightening assembly includes a plurality of straightening rollers arranged in an equilateral triangle.

12. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring range of the real-time temperature is 100-800°C, and the measuring accuracy is ±2°C.

13. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser power is controlled to adjust the temperature with an adjustment accuracy of 10 to 20°C and an adjustment rate of 0.2 to 0.4s / °C.

14. A welding wire prepared according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A preparation device corresponding to the preparation method of the welding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: It includes a wire feeding assembly, a straightening assembly, a laser heating assembly, a temperature measuring assembly, a temperature regulating assembly, a drawing die, and a winding assembly. The welding wire is led out by the wire feeding roller, and is successively heated by the straightening assembly, the laser heating assembly, and drawn by the drawing die before being wound on the winding assembly. The laser heating assembly and the temperature measuring assembly are both connected to the temperature regulating assembly. The temperature measuring assembly is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the welding wire and transmit it to the temperature regulating assembly. The temperature regulating assembly compares the real-time temperature with a preset temperature range, and controls the movement of the welding wire and / or the laser heating assembly based on the comparison result.

16. The preparation device according to claim 15, characterized in that: It comprises a die heating assembly arranged outside the drawing die and used for heating the drawing die.

17. The preparation device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cooling component corresponding to the heating area of ​​the welding wire and / or the inlet end of the drawing die, which is used for cooling the welding wire.

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