Machining tool and machining method for small composite rudder integrally-formed framework

Abstract

The invention relates to a machining tool and a machining method for a rudder integrally-formed framework, in particular to a machining tool and a machining method for a small composite rudder integrally-formed framework. The machining method is used for solving the defects that according to a machining method of a small composite rudder integrally-formed framework, the benchmark is not accurate, the machining precision is poor, and the production efficiency is low. The machining tool for the small composite rudder integrally-formed framework comprises an upper die, a lower die, a plurality of positioning pins and a positioning reference assembly. The upper die, the lower die and the plurality of positioning pins are matched, so that the accurate positioning of the outer reference surface of the prefabricated body in the initial machining stage is ensured; and the design of the feed screw and the distance measuring surface enables the inner reference surface to be accurately measured and positioned, so that the processing error caused by the inaccurate position of the inner reference surface is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a processing tool and a processing method for an integrally formed skeleton of a rudder, and in particular to a processing tool and a processing method for an integrally formed skeleton of a small composite rudder. Background Art

[0002] Integrally formed frames of small composite rudders are widely used in aerospace, navigation and other fields. They are particularly suitable for occasions with strict requirements on structural performance due to their advantages of high strength, light weight and easy assembly. Compared with traditional split frames, integrally formed composite frames have significant advantages in improving structural strength, shortening production cycle and simplifying assembly. However, the processing of integrally formed composite frames faces great challenges, especially in determining the processing benchmark and controlling the processing accuracy.

[0003] In the current processing technology, CNC milling technology is often used. However, since the inner reference surface of the integrally formed skeleton of small composite rudders is used as the finalized reference surface, the processing space is small, which makes it difficult for the tool and measuring probe to enter smoothly, and it is difficult to accurately determine the processing reference. Traditional methods often indirectly determine the reference surface by positioning the outer surface of the tooling, and then rely on repeated trial cutting and theoretical calculations for adjustment. This method is not only inefficient, but also causes processing errors due to the possible deformation of the reference surface, further affecting the processing accuracy and product quality.

[0004] In addition, the special properties of composite materials, such as low density and high hardness, make it easy for the milling cutter to impact the edge of the skin during processing, which in turn causes edge damage, affecting assembly accuracy and the qualified rate of the final product. With the advancement of mass production of products, the low efficiency and high risk of traditional processing methods have become more prominent and cannot meet the needs of mass production.

[0005] In summary, the processing method of the integrally formed skeleton of small composite rudders faces multiple problems such as inaccurate benchmarks, poor processing accuracy and low production efficiency. In order to improve processing efficiency, reduce processing risks and ensure the quality of the final product, it is urgent to find more efficient and accurate processing technologies to meet the growing production needs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the processing method of the integrally formed skeleton of small composite rudders, such as inaccurate reference, poor processing accuracy and low production efficiency, and to provide a processing tool and processing method for the integrally formed skeleton of small composite rudders.

[0007] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A processing tool for an integrally formed skeleton of a small composite rudder, comprising an upper die and a lower die, wherein a forming cavity is formed between the upper die and the lower die, and the forming cavity is used to prepare a preform;

[0009] The special feature is that it also includes a positioning reference component and A positioning pins, A≥2;

[0010] The upper die and the lower die are both provided with A first positioning holes, and the A first positioning holes are used to process A second positioning holes on the preform; each positioning pin is used to sequentially pass through the second positioning hole and the first positioning hole of the lower die to position the preform and the lower die;

[0011] The lower die is provided with a positioning groove, and the positioning reference assembly is used to be installed in the positioning groove to position the inner reference surface of the preform, and includes a mounting table, B positioning reference blocks and B feed screws; B≥1;

[0012] The mounting table is provided with B mounting grooves, the B positioning reference blocks are respectively located in the B mounting grooves, a side of each positioning reference block close to the inner reference surface of the preform is a distance measuring surface, the opposite side of the distance measuring surface is an inclined surface, and the distance between the distance measuring surface and the inclined surface increases from top to bottom;

[0013] The distance measuring surface is perpendicular to the top surface of the lower mold, and is vertically provided with at least one equidistant measuring rod of equal length;

[0014] Each of the feed screws is parallel to the distance measuring surface, and its tail portion passes through the through hole on the mounting table and abuts against the inclined surface of the corresponding positioning reference block. The feed screw is used to move downward to make the distance measuring surface approach the inner reference surface of the preform.

[0015] Furthermore, the mounting platform includes a main body and a pressing plate fixed on the top surface of the main body; the main body is provided with the B mounting grooves opening upward.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer end of each of the equidistant measuring rods is spherical.

[0017] Furthermore, the value of B is 2; the main body is in a mountain shape, and the pressure plate is fixed to the top surface of the main body by three bolts.

[0018] A method for processing an integrally formed frame of a small composite rudder is special in that: the processing tool of the integrally formed frame of the small composite rudder is used, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1, preparing a preform in a molding cavity, and when the preform reaches a demoulding density, machining A second positioning holes on the preform through A first positioning holes on the upper mold and the lower mold;

[0020] Step 2: When the preform reaches the processing density, the preform is placed on the lower die, and A positioning pins are sequentially passed through the second positioning hole and the first positioning hole of the lower die to position the preform and the lower die as a rough reference for the shape;

[0021] Step 3, determining the inner reference plane and the outer reference plane of the preform;

[0022] Step 4: Place the mounting table into the positioning groove, and place B positioning reference blocks into B mounting grooves respectively, and then place each feed screw parallel to the distance measuring surface, and the tail thereof passes through the through hole on the mounting table and abuts against the inclined surface of the corresponding positioning reference block, and then rotate the B feed screws to make the distance measuring surface approach the inner reference surface of the preform until all the equidistant measuring rods are in full contact with the inner reference surface of the preform;

[0023] Step 5: Calculate the position of the inner reference surface of the preform according to the distance measuring surface, process the inner reference surface of the preform, and then process the outer reference surface to complete the processing of the integrally formed skeleton of the small composite rudder.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The present invention provides a processing tool for an integrally formed skeleton of a small composite rudder, comprising an upper die, a lower die, a plurality of positioning pins and a positioning reference assembly; the upper die, the lower die and the plurality of positioning pins cooperate to ensure accurate positioning of the outer reference surface of the preform in the initial stage of processing; and the design of the feed screw and the distance measuring surface enables the inner reference surface to be accurately measured and positioned, thereby avoiding processing errors caused by inaccurate position of the inner reference surface.

[0026] (2) The present invention can effectively avoid the influence of residual thread ends on positioning accuracy through the point contact design between the ball-shaped outer end of the equidistant measuring rod and the reference surface inside the prefabricated body, reduce the risks caused by deformation, damage or instability of the reference surface during the processing, and thus ensure the processing quality.

[0027] (3) The present invention has strong adaptability, can support a variety of different reference surface adjustments and positioning, meet the processing requirements of composite skeletons of different shapes and sizes, and can meet the needs of batch production. The processing tooling realizes shaping, processing, and comparison in an integrated manner.

[0028] (4) The present invention provides a processing method for an integrally formed skeleton of a small composite rudder, which solves the problems of inaccurate reference surface positioning and poor processing accuracy in the processing of an integrally formed skeleton of a small composite rudder by sequentially preparing a preform and processing positioning holes, positioning a rough reference of the outer shape, determining the inner and outer reference surfaces, and measuring the inner reference surface. It also reduces the trial cutting time, reduces the processing risk, simplifies the processing flow, and optimizes the production cost and quality while meeting the needs of mass production. It has obvious technical and economic advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a processing tooling embodiment and a preform of an integrally formed skeleton of a small composite rudder according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the positioning reference assembly is installed in the positioning groove in an embodiment of the present invention (the preform is not shown);

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pressing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning reference block and the equidistant measuring rod in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of step 4 of an embodiment of a method for processing an integrally formed skeleton of a small composite rudder according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of bringing the ranging surface close to the inner reference surface of the preform in step 4 of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] The reference numerals are explained as follows: 01-preform; 02-inner reference surface; 03-outer reference surface; 04-residual thread end; 100-upper mold; 200-lower mold; 310-locating pin; 320-first positioning hole; 330-second positioning hole; 400-positioning reference assembly; 410-mounting table; 411-mounting groove; 412-body; 413-pressing plate; 420-positioning reference block; 421-distance measuring surface; 422-inclined surface; 430-feed screw; 440-equidistant measuring rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 5 A processing tool for an integrally formed skeleton of a small composite rudder includes an upper die 100, a lower die 200, A positioning pins 310, and a positioning reference assembly 400; A≥2; in this embodiment, A=2.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 A molding cavity is formed between the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200, and the molding cavity is used to prepare the preform 01.

[0040] Both the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200 are provided with two first positioning holes 320, and the two first positioning holes 320 are used to process two second positioning holes 330 on the preform 01; each positioning pin 310 is used to pass through the second positioning hole 330 and the first positioning hole 320 of the lower mold 200 in sequence to position the preform 01 and the lower mold 200.

[0041] Reference Figures 2 to 5 A positioning groove is provided on the lower mold 200, and the positioning reference assembly 400 is used to be installed in the positioning groove to position the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01, which includes a mounting table 410, B positioning reference blocks 420 and B feed screws 430; B≥1; in this embodiment, B=2.

[0042] The mounting platform 410 includes a body 412 and a pressing plate 413 . The body 412 is in a mountain shape and is provided with two mounting grooves 411 opening upward. The pressing plate 413 is fixed to the top surface of the body 412 by three bolts.

[0043] Two positioning reference blocks 420 are respectively located in two installation grooves 411. One side of each positioning reference block 420 close to the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01 is a distance measuring surface 421. The opposite side of the distance measuring surface 421 is an inclined surface 422. The distance between the distance measuring surface 421 and the inclined surface 422 increases from top to bottom.

[0044] The measuring surface 421 is perpendicular to the top surface of the lower mold 200, and four equidistant measuring rods 440 of equal length are vertically arranged. The outer end of each equidistant measuring rod 440 is spherical. The reason is that the preform 01 is shaped by fiber sewing, and after the inner reference surface 02 is demolded, there will be residual thread ends 04 perpendicular to the measuring surface 421. The spherical outer end can ensure that the contact with the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01 is point contact, effectively avoiding the influence of the thread ends on the positioning of the equidistant measuring rods 440.

[0045] Each feed screw 430 is parallel to the distance measuring surface 421 , and its tail passes through the through hole on the pressure plate 413 and abuts against the inclined surface 422 of the corresponding positioning reference block 420 . The downward movement of the feed screw 430 can make the distance measuring surface 421 approach the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01 .

[0046] A method for processing an integrally formed frame of a small composite rudder, using the processing tooling of the integrally formed frame of a small composite rudder, comprises the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: prepare a preform 01 in a molding cavity, and shape the preform 01 by fiber sewing. When the preform 01 reaches a demoulding density, two second positioning holes 330 are processed on the preform 01 through two first positioning holes 320 on the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200;

[0048] Step 2: When the preform 01 reaches the processing density, the preform 01 is taken out of the molding cavity and placed on the lower mold 200. The two positioning pins 310 are sequentially passed through the second positioning hole 330 and the first positioning hole 320 of the lower mold 200 to position the preform 01 and the lower mold 200 as a rough reference for the shape.

[0049] Step 3, determine that the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01 is the rudder shaft mounting surface, and the outer reference surface 03 is the flange mounting surface;

[0050] Step 4: Reference Figures 6-7 , put the mounting table 410 into the positioning groove, and put the two positioning reference blocks 420 into the two mounting grooves 411 respectively, fix the pressing plate 413 to the top surface of the main body 412 by three bolts, and then put each feeding screw 430 parallel to the distance measuring surface 421, and the tail part passes through the through hole on the pressing plate 413 and abuts against the inclined surface 422 of the corresponding positioning reference block 420, and then rotate the two feeding screws 430 to make the distance measuring surface 421 approach the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01 until all the equidistant measuring rods 440 are in full contact with the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01;

[0051] Step 5: Calculate the position of the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01 according to the distance measuring surface 421, process the inner reference surface 02 of the preform 01, and then process the outer reference surface 03 based on the inner reference surface 02 to complete the processing of the integrally formed skeleton of the small composite rudder.

Claims

1. A processing tool for integrally forming a skeleton of a small composite rudder, comprising an upper mold (100) and a lower mold (200), wherein a molding cavity is formed between the upper mold (100) and the lower mold (200), and the molding cavity is used to prepare a preform (01); Features: It also includes a positioning reference assembly (400), A positioning pins (310), A≥2; A first positioning holes (320) are provided on the upper mold (100) and the lower mold (200), and the A first positioning holes (320) are used to process A second positioning holes (330) on the preform (01); each positioning pin (310) is used to sequentially pass through the second positioning hole (330) and the first positioning hole (320) of the lower mold (200) to position the preform (01) and the lower mold (200); The lower mold (200) is provided with a positioning groove, and the positioning reference assembly (400) is used to be installed in the positioning groove to position the inner reference surface (02) of the preform (01), and comprises a mounting platform (410), B positioning reference blocks (420) and B feed screws (430); B≥1; The mounting platform (410) is provided with B mounting grooves (411), and the B positioning reference blocks (420) are respectively located in the B mounting grooves (411); a side of each positioning reference block (420) close to the inner reference surface (02) of the preform (01) is a distance measuring surface (421), and a side opposite to the distance measuring surface (421) is an inclined surface (422), and the distance between the distance measuring surface (421) and the inclined surface (422) increases from top to bottom; The distance measuring surface (421) is perpendicular to the top surface of the lower mold (200), and is vertically provided with at least one equidistant measuring rod (440) of equal length; Each of the feed screws (430) is parallel to the distance measuring surface (421), and its tail portion passes through a through hole on the mounting platform (410) and abuts against the inclined surface (422) of the corresponding positioning reference block (420). The feed screw (430) is used to move downward to make the distance measuring surface (421) approach the inner reference surface (02) of the preform (01).

2. The processing tooling for the integrally formed frame of a small composite rudder according to claim 1 is characterized by: The mounting platform (410) comprises a main body (412) and a pressing plate (413) fixed on the top surface of the main body (412); the main body (412) is provided with B mounting grooves (411) opening upward.

3. The processing tooling for the integrally formed frame of a small composite rudder according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer end of each of the equidistant measuring rods (440) is in the shape of a ball head.

4. The processing tooling for the integrally formed frame of a small composite rudder according to claim 1 is characterized by: The value of B is 2; the main body (412) is in a mountain shape, and the pressure plate (413) is fixed to the top surface of the main body (412) by three bolts.

5. A method for processing an integrally formed frame of a small composite rudder, characterized in that: The processing tooling of the integrally formed frame of a small composite rudder according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: Step 1, preparing a preform (01) in a molding cavity, and when the preform (01) reaches a demoulding density, processing A second positioning holes (330) on the preform (01) through A first positioning holes (320) on an upper mold (100) and a lower mold (200); Step 2: When the preform (01) reaches the processing density, it is placed on the lower mold (200), and A positioning pins (310) are sequentially passed through the second positioning hole (330) and the first positioning hole (320) of the lower mold (200) to position the preform (01) and the lower mold (200) as a rough reference for the shape; Step 3, determining the inner reference surface (02) and the outer reference surface (03) of the preform (01); Step 4, place the mounting platform (410) into the positioning groove, and place B positioning reference blocks (420) into B mounting grooves (411) respectively, and then place each feed screw (430) parallel to the distance measuring surface (421), and the tail thereof passes through the through hole on the mounting platform (410) and abuts against the inclined surface (422) of the corresponding positioning reference block (420), and then rotate the B feed screws (430) to make the distance measuring surface (421) approach the inner reference surface (02) of the preform (01), until all the equidistant measuring rods (440) are in full contact with the inner reference surface (02) of the preform (01); Step 5: Calculate the position of the inner reference surface (02) of the preform (01) according to the distance measuring surface (421), process the inner reference surface (02) of the preform (01), and then process the outer reference surface (03) based on the inner reference surface (02), thereby completing the processing of the integrally formed skeleton of the small composite rudder.

Images