Crawler walking automatic tensioning system and crawler automatic tensioning method for sugarcane harvester

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic tensioning system and method for crawler walking of a sugarcane harvester. The automatic tensioning system comprises a guide wheel, a tensioning mechanism, a pressure sensor, an electromagnetic control valve, an oil inlet pipe, an oil return pipe, an oil pump and an oil tank. The fixed end of the tensioning mechanism is connected with the track beam, the free end of the tensioning mechanism is connected with the guide wheel, the guide wheel is matched with the track assembly, the electromagnetic control valve is connected with a grease system of the tensioning mechanism and connected with the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe, and the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are both communicated with the oil tank. The pressure sensor is arranged in the tensioning mechanism to obtain oil pressure signals of the tensioning mechanism and is in electric signal connection with the electromagnetic control valve, and the oil pump is arranged between the oil inlet pipe and a pipeline of the oil tank and is in electric signal connection with the electromagnetic control valve. The pressure value of the oil cavity of the tensioning mechanism can be set according to different working conditions, the crawler belt is adjusted to be in the most suitable working state, and the set oil cavity pressure can be kept all the time in the working process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sugarcane harvesters, and in particular is an automatic crawler tensioning system and a crawler automatic tensioning method for a sugarcane harvester. Background Art

[0002] The track tensioning mechanism of a traditional sugarcane harvester provides pressure to compress the spring by manually pumping oil, and the spring provides thrust to the mechanism to tension the track. When the track is loose, the oil nozzle needs to be unscrewed to release the oil chamber pressure, thereby releasing the spring to reduce the thrust. For example, a track tensioning device on a sugarcane harvester disclosed in Chinese patent CN206719345U adds butter to the inside of the plunger cylinder from the oil filling port. Since the plunger cylinder and the piston are a sealed structure, the internal pressure forces the piston to move to one end, pushing the pressure plate to move, and the pressure plate will compress the spring, and under the guiding action of the walking chamber, the spring applies pressure to the spring pressure plate to push the guide wheel bracket, thereby maintaining a good tensioning relationship between the guide wheel and the track.

[0003] However, there are many problems with the existing manual oiling method: the released grease cannot be reused; the oil chamber pressure of the tensioning mechanism cannot display an accurate value, and the oil chamber pressure cannot be accurately adjusted under different working conditions to adjust to a tensioning state suitable for work. In addition, during the operation of the track, it may be too tight or too loose. The traditional track tensioning mechanism cannot monitor and automatically adjust the oil chamber pressure to maintain the set value, which can easily cause increased wear of the track components and reduce the service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an automatic crawler tensioning system and a crawler automatic tensioning method for a sugarcane harvester. The oil chamber pressure value of the tensioning mechanism can be set according to different working conditions, the crawler can be adjusted to the most suitable working state, and the set oil chamber pressure can be maintained at all times during the working process.

[0005] An automatic tensioning system for crawler walking of a sugarcane harvester comprises a guide wheel, a tensioning mechanism, a pressure sensor, an electromagnetic control valve, an oil inlet pipe, an oil return pipe, an oil pump and an oil tank; the fixed end of the tensioning mechanism is connected to a track beam, the free end of the tensioning mechanism is connected to the guide wheel, the guide wheel and the track assembly cooperate, the electromagnetic control valve is connected to the grease system of the tensioning mechanism, the electromagnetic control valve is connected to the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe, the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are both connected to the oil tank, the pressure sensor is arranged in the tensioning mechanism to obtain the oil pressure signal of the tensioning mechanism, the pressure sensor is connected to the electromagnetic control valve by electrical signals, the oil pump is arranged between the pipeline of the oil inlet pipe and the oil tank, and the oil pump is connected to the electromagnetic control valve by electrical signals.

[0006] The pressure sensor of the present invention can monitor the oil pressure of the tensioning mechanism. When the pressure is too high, the pressure sensor outputs a signal to control the electromagnetic control valve to open the oil outlet for oil return and pressure relief. When the pressure is lower than the design value, the pressure sensor outputs a signal to control the solenoid valve to open the oil inlet, and at the same time transmits the signal to the oil pump for oil supply to supplement the pressure in the oil chamber, realizing automatic adjustment of the track tension and relaxation.

[0007] Specifically, the tensioning mechanism of the present invention includes a cylinder barrel, a piston rod slidably engaged with the cylinder barrel, and an oil chamber provided at one end inside the cylinder barrel; the oil chamber is connected to the electromagnetic control valve, and the other end of the electromagnetic control valve is provided with an oil outlet and an oil inlet, and the electromagnetic control valve is used to notify the opening and closing of oil inlet and oil discharge. The pressure sensor is disposed on the inner wall of the oil chamber after passing through the cylinder barrel, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the oil pressure in the oil chamber and transmit it to the electromagnetic control valve;

[0008] Preferably, a U-shaped frame is connected to the free end of the piston rod of the tensioning mechanism. The U-shaped frame opens to the left, the U-shaped frame is connected to the guide wheel, and a spring sleeved on the piston rod abuts against the right side of the U-shaped frame. Using a U-shaped frame to connect the guide wheel provides reliable connection. Using a spring as the return mechanism ensures that the guide wheel can quickly rebound after pressure relief.

[0009] In the present invention, specifically, both the cylinder barrel and the piston rod are horizontally arranged. The structure is simple, easy to install, and the force is reasonable.

[0010] In the present invention, the guide wheel is provided at the front end of the track assembly.

[0011] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for automatically tensioning the track, which adopts the above-mentioned automatic track tensioning system for a sugarcane harvester and includes the following steps:

[0012] S1: Identify the working condition of the sugarcane harvester and obtain the pressure threshold of the tensioning mechanism of the track under this working condition;

[0013] S2: The pressure sensor detects the pressure of the grease system inside the tensioning mechanism and transmits the pressure signal P to the electromagnetic control valve; the pressure signal P reflects the tension or relaxation degree of the track.

[0014] S3: The electromagnetic control valve compares the pressure signal P with the pressure threshold. The pressure threshold includes a first pressure threshold P1 and a second pressure threshold P2, P1 < P2; if the pressure signal P < P1, then go to step S4; if P > P2, then go to step S5; if P1 < P < P2, then keep the original state unchanged;

[0015] S4: The electromagnetic control valve opens the oil inlet, and the electromagnetic control valve controls the oil pump to work. The grease sequentially passes through the fuel tank, the oil pump, the oil inlet pipe, and the oil inlet into the oil chamber until P > P1. This step is for pumping oil to increase pressure;

[0016] S5: The electromagnetic control valve opens the oil outlet, and the grease passes through the oil outlet, the oil return pipe in sequence and enters the fuel tank until P < P2. This step is for oil drainage and pressure reduction.

[0017] The main body of the crawler tensioning device described in the present invention tightens or relaxes the crawler according to the internal oil cavity pressure. The pressure sensor detects the oil cavity pressure value of the main body of the crawler tensioning device and outputs a signal. The solenoid valve control circuit transmits the signal of the pressure sensor to the electromagnetic control valve. The electromagnetic control valve controls the oil inlet and outlet of the main body of the crawler tensioning device. The oil return pipe returns the grease to the fuel tank when the crawler needs to be relaxed. The fuel tank stores the grease. The oil pump pumps oil when receiving the signal of the pressure sensor. The oil inlet pipe transports the grease to the main body of the tensioning device when the crawler needs to be tightened. The oil pump control circuit controls the transmission of the pressure sensor signal to the oil pump to perform the oil pumping work.

[0018] In step 1 of the present invention, it also includes the step that the driver adjusts the first pressure threshold P1 and the second pressure threshold P2 through the display in the cab according to the obtained working condition data. Meanwhile, the cab display of the present invention can display and change the pressure sensor value, and can adjust the crawler tension degree with one key according to the working condition. It solves the problem that the existing structure can only be adjusted manually and cannot adjust the tension and relaxation of the crawler in real time according to the working condition.

[0019] In the present invention, the working conditions are divided into clay working conditions, sandy soil working conditions and swamp working conditions according to the road conditions of the sugarcane harvester. The specific values of the first pressure threshold P1 and the second pressure threshold P2 of the present invention still need to be tested under different working conditions. If the threshold is too small, the crawler is too loose and easy to derail. If the threshold is too large, the crawler is too tight, which will reduce the service life of the four-wheel-and-track assembly and increase the vibration of the crawler during walking.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] This method solves the problem that the tensioning device cannot always maintain an appropriate tension force. This system realizes that the crawler always maintains an appropriate tension state during walking, enables the four-wheel-and-track assembly to always maintain an appropriate loaded state, reduces the additional wear on the four-wheel-and-track assembly caused by the crawler relaxation, and prolongs the service life of the four-wheel-and-track assembly.

[0022] For the crawler automatic tensioning mechanism of the present invention, when a certain amount of grease is injected into the fuel tank and the oil cavity pressure value is set on the display, the crawler can be automatically tensioned. Changing the value can adjust the tension degree, which is convenient and labor-saving, and solves the problems that the oil cavity pressure cannot be displayed and the tension and relaxation of the crawler cannot be accurately adjusted.

[0023] The grease of the tensioning system of the present invention realizes circulation through oil inlet and oil return, solves the problem that the grease cannot be reused. At the same time, it solves the problem that due to the exposed oil nozzle, dust enters the oil nozzle and pollutes the grease, damaging the tensioning device oil cylinder.

[0024] The automatic track tensioning mechanism of the present invention can set the tensioning mechanism oil chamber pressure value according to different working conditions, adjust the track to the most suitable working state, and can always maintain the set oil chamber pressure during the working process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of an automatic tensioning system for crawler travel of a sugarcane harvester.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tensioning mechanism described in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 The present invention is a method flow chart of an automatic track tensioning method.

[0028] In the figure: 1-track assembly, 2-guide wheel, 3-tensioning mechanism, 4-pressure sensor, 5-solenoid valve control circuit, 6-solenoid control valve, 7-oil return pipe, 8-oil tank, 9-oil pump, 10-oil inlet pipe, 11-oil pump control circuit, 12-track beam, 301-cylinder, 302-piston rod, 303-oil chamber, 304-spring, 305-U-frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "left", "right", "up", "down", "front", "back", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an automatic tensioning system for crawler walking of a sugarcane harvester comprises a guide wheel 2, a tensioning mechanism 3, a pressure sensor 4, an electromagnetic control valve 6, an oil inlet pipe 10, an oil return pipe 7, an oil pump 9 and an oil tank 8; the fixed end of the tensioning mechanism 3 is connected to the track beam 12, the free end of the tensioning mechanism 3 is connected to the guide wheel 2, the guide wheel 2 and the crawler assembly 1 cooperate, the electromagnetic control valve 6 is connected to the grease system of the tensioning mechanism 3, the electromagnetic control valve 6 is connected to the oil inlet pipe 10 and the oil return pipe 7, the oil inlet pipe 10 and the oil return pipe 7 are both connected to the oil tank 8, the pressure sensor 4 is arranged in the tensioning mechanism 3 to obtain the oil pressure signal of the tensioning mechanism, the pressure sensor 4 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic control valve 6, the oil pump 9 is arranged between the pipeline of the oil inlet pipe 10 and the oil tank 8, and the oil pump 9 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic control valve 6.

[0033] In this embodiment, the tensioning mechanism 3 includes a cylinder 301, a piston rod 302 that is slidably matched with the cylinder 301, and an oil chamber 303 disposed at one end of the cylinder 301; the oil chamber 303 is connected to the electromagnetic control valve 6, and the pressure sensor 4 is disposed on the inner wall of the oil chamber 303 after passing through the cylinder 301. The pressure sensor 4 is connected to the electromagnetic valve controller through the electromagnetic valve control circuit 5, and the oil pump 9 is connected to the electromagnetic valve controller through the oil pump 9 control circuit.

[0034] In this embodiment, the tensioning mechanism 3 is connected to the U-shaped frame 305 at the free end of the piston rod 302, the U-shaped frame 305 opens to the left, the U-shaped frame 305 is connected to the guide wheel 2, and the right side of the U-shaped frame 305 abuts against a spring 304 mounted on the piston rod 302.

[0035] In this embodiment, the cylinder 301 and the piston rod 302 are both arranged horizontally, and the guide wheel 2 is arranged at the front end of the track assembly 1, that is, the guide wheel 2 is arranged at the leftmost end. The guide wheel 2 moves to the left to achieve tension and returns to the right to achieve relaxation.

[0036] In this embodiment, the track assembly 1 is tightened or relaxed according to the pressure of the internal oil chamber 303, the pressure sensor 4 detects the pressure value of the oil chamber 303 and outputs a pressure signal, the solenoid valve control circuit 5 transmits the pressure sensor 4 signal to the solenoid valve, the solenoid control valve 6 controls the oil inlet and outlet of the track tensioning device body, the oil return pipe 7 returns the grease to the oil tank 8 when the track needs to be relaxed, the oil tank 8 stores the grease, the oil pump 9 pumps the oil when receiving the signal from the pressure sensor 4, the oil inlet pipe 10 transports the grease to the tensioning device body when the track needs to be tightened, and the oil pump 9 control circuit controls the transmission of the pressure sensor 4 signal to the oil pump 9 to pump the oil.

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] As Figure 3 shown, this embodiment is a method for automatic track tensioning. Using the automatic track tensioning system for the crawler walking of the sugarcane harvester in Embodiment 1, it includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: Identify the working conditions of the sugarcane harvester and obtain the pressure threshold of the tensioning mechanism 3 under these working conditions. The identified working conditions mainly include main working conditions such as soft clay, hard, soft sandy soil, hard, and swampy land, etc. The specific values of the first pressure threshold P1 and the second pressure threshold P2 in this embodiment still need to be tested under different working conditions. If the threshold is too small, the track is too loose and prone to derailment. If the threshold is too large, the track is too tight, which will reduce the service life of the four wheels and one belt and increase the vibration of the track during walking.

[0040] S2: The pressure sensor 4 detects the pressure of the grease system inside the tensioning mechanism 3, obtains the oil pressure signal of the tensioning system, and transmits the pressure signal P to the electromagnetic control valve 6. The pressure signal P reflects the tension or relaxation degree of the track.

[0041] S3: The electromagnetic control valve 6 compares the pressure signal P with the pressure threshold. The pressure threshold includes the first pressure threshold P1 and the second pressure threshold P2, where P1 < P2. If the pressure signal P < P1, then go to step S4. If P > P2, then go to step S5. If P1 < P < P2, then keep the original state unchanged.

[0042] S4: The electromagnetic control valve 6 opens the oil inlet, and the electromagnetic control valve 6 controls the oil pump 9 to work. The grease sequentially passes through the fuel tank 8, the oil pump 9, the oil inlet pipe 10, and the oil inlet and enters the oil cavity 303 until P > P1.

[0043] S5: The electromagnetic control valve 6 opens the oil outlet, and the grease sequentially passes through the oil outlet, the oil return pipe 7, and enters the fuel tank 8 until P < P2.

[0044] In this embodiment, step 1 further includes the step that the driver adjusts the first pressure threshold P1 and the second pressure threshold P2 through the display in the cab according to the obtained working condition data. In this embodiment, the cab display can display the pressure value and change the value of the pressure sensor 4, and can adjust the track tension degree with one key according to the working conditions. This solves the problem that the existing structure can only be adjusted manually and cannot adjust the tension and relaxation of the track in real time according to the working conditions.

Claims

1. An automatic tensioning system for crawler travel of a sugarcane harvester, characterized in that It includes a guide wheel (2), a tensioning mechanism (3), a pressure sensor (4), an electromagnetic control valve (6), an oil inlet pipe (10), an oil return pipe (7), an oil pump (9) and a fuel tank (8); the fixed end of the tensioning mechanism (3) is connected to the crawler beam (12), the free end of the tensioning mechanism (3) is connected to the guide wheel (2), the guide wheel (2) cooperates with the crawler assembly (1), the electromagnetic control valve (6) is connected to the grease system of the tensioning mechanism (3), the electromagnetic control valve (6) is connected to the oil inlet pipe (10) and the oil return pipe (7), both the oil inlet pipe (10) and the oil return pipe (7) are connected to the fuel tank (8), the pressure sensor (4) is arranged inside the tensioning mechanism (3) to obtain the oil pressure signal of the tensioning mechanism, the pressure sensor (4) is electrically connected to the electromagnetic control valve (6), the oil pump (9) is arranged between the pipeline of the oil inlet pipe (10) and the fuel tank (8), and the oil pump (9) is electrically connected to the electromagnetic control valve (6).

2. The automatic tensioning system for crawler travel of a sugarcane harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that The tensioning mechanism (3) includes a cylinder barrel (301), a piston rod (302) slidably matched with the cylinder barrel (301), and an oil cavity (303) arranged at one end inside the cylinder barrel (301); the oil cavity (303) is connected to the electromagnetic control valve (6), and the pressure sensor (4) is arranged on the inner wall of the oil cavity (303) after passing through the cylinder barrel (301).

3. The automatic tensioning system for crawler travel of a sugarcane harvester according to claim 2 is characterized in that The tensioning mechanism (3) is connected to a U-shaped frame (305) at the free end of the piston rod (302), the U-shaped frame (305) opens to the left, the U-shaped frame (305) is connected to the guide wheel (2), and a spring (304) sleeved on the piston rod (302) abuts against the right side of the U-shaped frame (305).

4. The automatic tensioning system for crawler travel of a sugarcane harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the cylinder barrel (301) and the piston rod (302) are horizontally arranged.

5. The automatic tensioning system for crawler travel of a sugarcane harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide wheel (2) is arranged at the very front end of the crawler assembly (1).

6. A method for automatically tensioning a crawler track, characterized in that Adopt the automatic tensioning system for the crawler walking of a sugarcane harvester according to any one of claims 2 to 5, including the following steps: S1: Identify the working condition of the sugarcane harvester and obtain the pressure threshold of the tensioning mechanism (3) of the crawler under this working condition; S2: The pressure sensor (4) detects the pressure of the grease system inside the tensioning mechanism (3) and transmits the pressure signal P to the electromagnetic control valve (6); S3: The electromagnetic control valve (6) compares the pressure signal P with the pressure threshold. The pressure threshold includes a first pressure threshold P1 and a second pressure threshold P2, P1 < P2; if the pressure signal P < P1, then go to step S4; if P > P2, then go to step S5; if P1 < P < P2, then keep the original state unchanged; S4: The electromagnetic control valve (6) opens the oil inlet, the electromagnetic control valve (6) controls the oil pump (9) to work, and the grease sequentially passes through the fuel tank (8), the oil pump (9), the oil inlet pipe (10), and the oil inlet and enters the oil cavity (303) until P > P1; S5: The electromagnetic control valve (6) opens the oil outlet, and the grease sequentially passes through the oil outlet, the oil return pipe (7), and enters the fuel tank (8) until P < P2.

7. The method for automatic track tensioning according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 1 also includes a step in which the driver adjusts the first pressure threshold P1 and the second pressure threshold P1 through a display in the cab according to the acquired working condition data.

8. The method for automatically tensioning a crawler track according to claim 6, characterized in that In step 1, the working conditions are divided into clay working conditions, sandy soil working conditions and swamp working conditions according to the road conditions where the sugarcane harvester works.

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