Underwater building
By designing the horizontal opening of the underwater building to connect with the external water body, and through the balanced new water surface, the air space and the water environment are connected, the problem of high cost and isolation of existing underwater buildings is solved, and a living space that efficiently utilizes water environmental resources is created.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311351434.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing underwater construction is costly and is isolated from the water environment, making it difficult to effectively utilize water environmental resources.
Design an underwater building with a closed surrounding area and a horizontal opening is only provided at any depth underwater, and communicates with the external water body. The internal air pressure is equal to or higher than the water pressure at the opening, forming a balanced new water surface to achieve the connection between the air space and the water environment.
It has created a living space where the air environment and the water environment are integrated, which has improved the efficiency of water environment resources and provided humans with a new living environment with health benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN119843713A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction, in particular to an underwater building. Background Art
[0002] The cost of constructing a fully sealed building underwater is relatively high, and the fully enclosed space is completely isolated from the surrounding water environment, and the efficiency of utilizing the water environment is relatively low.
[0003] In order to make full use of water environment resources, the present invention involves a method of constructing an air space in the water for human survival and activities, and at the same time being connected with the surrounding water environment, so that it can easily travel between the two media and environments, and can also introduce water from the surrounding water environment into the internal space, which are interconnected and integrated, and effectively utilized to form a wonderful space that is both practical and beautiful.
[0004] In addition, the reasonable use of a certain high pressure (higher than atmospheric pressure) environment is beneficial to human health. The present invention provides a simple but effective pressurized construction method, which can provide a new model for human buildings, or living environments. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an underwater building.
[0006] The present invention discloses an underwater building, which is closed on all sides and has only one horizontal opening at any depth underwater, and is communicated with the external water body; the part above the horizontal opening forms an outer wall, and its bottom end is open; the part below the horizontal opening forms an inner wall, and its top end is open; air is supplemented inside the underwater building, and its air pressure is equal to or higher than the water pressure at the opening; wherein the top end of the inner wall is higher than the bottom end of the outer wall; a new layer of water surface is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall, and the pressure corresponding to the position of the new layer of water surface is consistent with the air pressure inside the underwater building, forming a balance.
[0007] In the above solution, the highest point of the bottom end surface of the outer wall is lower than the lowest point of the top end surface of the inner wall.
[0008] In the above scheme, the length, number and position of the horizontal openings are arbitrary and can be continuous or disconnected, as long as all the openings are at the same horizontal height; the distance between the inner wall and the outer wall is arbitrary; the height difference between the inner wall and the outer wall is arbitrary.
[0009] In the above scheme, the underwater building is completely arranged underwater, or its upper part protrudes above the water surface.
[0010] In the above solution, the underwater building also includes equipment for replenishing and regulating the internal air.
[0011] In the above scheme, the underwater building is built in a natural water environment such as an ocean or a lake, or in an artificial water environment on land; the underwater building can be of any size and shape, and its size is set as a human living place, or as an ornamental item like an aquarium.
[0012] In the above solution, if the horizontal opening is located at the bottom of the building, there is no need to set up an inner wall.
[0013] In the above scheme, the underwater building is an immovable building with a fixed foundation, or a semi-fixed liftable building, or a building body that moves like a ship hull.
[0014] In the above scheme, the underwater building is connected to the outside world, or between two spaces with different pressures in the underwater building, or between two buildings with different pressures through a pressure regulating chamber.
[0015] In the above scheme, the material of the underwater building is arbitrary, and any one or more of cement, steel, wood, glass, plastic or organic materials are used.
[0016] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0017] 1. The present invention provides a new living environment and space for human beings, creates a way of thinking and method of integrating air environment and water environment, and is more conducive to the development of water environment resources on the earth.
[0018] 2. The present invention can design the internal and external environment of underwater buildings as needed, adjust the internal air pressure and quality, and make human life more comfortable and beneficial to health. In particular, high-pressure environments are already very common in health care and other aspects, but they are all small-scale equipment or constructions for a small number or individuals, such as hyperbaric chambers, which are cost-effective but low-efficiency. However, the solution described in the present invention is a large-scale public building, which can allow more people to enjoy the health benefits of high-pressure environments, and has a broad market and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of another embodiment;
[0022] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of another embodiment;
[0023] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of another embodiment;
[0024] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of another embodiment; DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is an underwater building, which is closed on all sides, and only has a horizontal opening at any depth underwater, and is connected to the external water body; the part above the horizontal opening forms an outer wall, and its bottom end is open; the part below the horizontal opening forms an inner wall, and its top end is open. The meaning of the inner wall and the outer wall is: in the horizontal direction, there is a distance between the inner wall and the outer wall. To be precise: the inner wall of the outer wall is located on the outside of the outer wall of the inner wall, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the outer wall and the outer wall of the inner wall, or a certain distance. Obviously, the function of the outer wall and the upper part of the sealing wall is to seal and preserve the air. Under the combined action of the internal air pressure and the external water environment pressure, a corresponding water surface layer is formed at the opening; and the function of the inner wall and the lower part of the sealing wall is to block water. As long as the top of the inner wall is higher than the formed horizontal plane, it can block water from entering the internal space. The distance between the two is arbitrary. If the water surface layer is large enough, people can swim and play on this layer of water, enter and exit the external water environment and the internal air space at will, and even allow diving equipment to dock here for transportation and communication between the inside and the outside. The underwater building is replenished with air, and the air pressure is equal to or higher than the water pressure at the opening; wherein the top of the inner wall is higher than the bottom of the outer wall; a new layer of water is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall, and the pressure corresponding to the position of the new water surface is consistent with the air pressure inside the underwater building, forming a balance.
[0027] Among them, A is the water body; B is the underwater building body, C is the highest point of the bottom end surface of the outer wall, and D is the lowest point of the top of the inner wall.
[0028] In one embodiment, the highest point of the bottom end surface of the outer wall is lower than the lowest point of the top end of the inner wall.
[0029] Theoretically, the bottom of the outer wall and the top of the inner wall are both horizontal, and the horizontal plane of the top of the inner wall must be higher than the horizontal plane of the bottom of the outer wall. In this way, as long as there is enough air inside the building and the water pressure is equivalent to that at the opening, a new layer of water will be formed between the inner and outer walls. The height of the horizontal plane corresponding to this layer of water also corresponds to the pressure at the position of this water surface. When this pressure is equal to the internal air pressure, a balance will be formed, and an air space with a certain pressure will be formed inside the building, and a corresponding horizontal plane will be formed between the two walls. The water environment inside and outside the building can be connected through this new layer of water. From the perspective of aesthetics or actual construction error, the bottom of the outer wall and the top of the inner wall may not be completely horizontal. If this is the case, the bottom of the outer wall must be based on the highest point, and the top of the inner wall must be based on the lowest point. In other words, the lowest point of the top surface of the inner wall must be higher than the highest point of the bottom surface of the outer wall, so as to block the water and form a horizontal plane between the two walls.
[0030] In one embodiment, the length, number and position of the horizontal openings are arbitrary, and can be continuous or disconnected; the distance between the inner wall and the outer wall is arbitrary; in addition to being set at the periphery, the inner wall can actually be set at any position inside, and can even cross the entire internal space. The height difference between the inner wall and the outer wall is arbitrary. However, the condition that must be met is that the overlap of the height difference between the inner and outer walls must be on the same horizontal plane, because the same air space can only have one pressure, which means that only one horizontal plane of corresponding height can be formed.
[0031] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the underwater structure is completely set underwater, or its upper part protrudes above the water surface. As long as it is closed, it can be any height, and the air pressure inside is the same. Similarly, the part below the opening can be any depth, as long as it is closed, even if it is 100 meters underwater, the air pressure inside is the same, and only corresponds to the pressure of the horizontal plane formed at the opening.
[0032] Furthermore, the height difference between the inner and outer walls of the opening can be arbitrary. If the height difference is large, in addition to being able to adjust the internal air pressure to a large extent, it can also provide more room for buffering when there are large fluctuations in the internal and external environments.
[0033] In one embodiment, the underwater building also includes equipment for replenishing and regulating the internal air. The interior of the building is a pressurized closed air space. In order to maintain the internal air pressure and to allow humans to live and move around in it for a long time, the internal air can be replenished and regulated. There are two ways to replenish and process air. One is to use facilities and equipment set up outside to transport it into the building through pipelines. The other is to directly set up facilities and equipment inside the building and replenish air from the outside through pipelines.
[0034] In addition to ensuring the quality and oxygen content of the internal air, the replenishment and treatment of air also maintains and regulates the internal air pressure. The determining factor of the air pressure inside the building is not the amount of air inside, but the depth of the water level at the opening. The water level corresponding to the highest point at the bottom of the outer wall at the opening determines the maximum value of the internal air pressure. Even if more internal air is replenished, it will overflow from the bottom of the outer wall. The water level corresponding to the lowest point at the top of the inner wall determines the minimum value of the internal air pressure. When the air is insufficient, the water from the outside will enter the internal space from the top of the inner wall. Therefore, the range of maintaining and regulating the pressure of the internal air space is the height difference between the inner and outer walls.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, if the water level corresponding to the highest point C at the bottom of the outer wall is 3 meters, that is, 3 meters underwater, and the water level corresponding to the lowest point D at the top of the inner wall is 2.5 meters, then the water surface formed between the inner and outer walls must be between these two levels, and the corresponding internal air pressure is between 1.3 and 1.25 standard atmospheric pressures.
[0036] In addition, the building described in the present invention has another feature, that is, at the opening (strictly speaking, the water surface position formed), the pressure of the internal air is equal to the pressure of the external water environment, that is, the internal and external pressure difference at this position is zero. The internal and external pressure difference at other positions inside the building is completely unrelated to the water depth where the building is located, and is only related to the height difference between the water level and the opening. The space pressure above the opening is positive pressure compared to the outside, while the space pressure below is negative pressure. For example, as shown in the figure, point e is 2 meters above the water surface formed at the opening, so the internal and external pressure difference is 2 meters, and the internal pressure is higher than the external 2 meters water pressure. Point f is 3 meters below the water surface formed at the opening, so the pressure difference is 3 meters, and the internal pressure is lower than the external pressure. This means that the compressive strength that the wall (sealed wall) at the position of points e and f needs to withstand is only the pressure difference between 2 meters and 3 meters of water column, but the difference is that one is positive pressure and the other is negative pressure. The advantage brought by this is that the compressive strength required for the sealing wall of the building can be reduced to a minimum, which correspondingly reduces the construction cost.
[0037] like Figure 3As shown, the underwater building is built in a natural water environment such as an ocean, lake, or reservoir, or in an artificial water body on land. In this artificial water body, A is a water body; B is the building body described in the present invention, which is built in the artificial water body; C is also the underwater building body described in the present invention, and its outer side is not provided with an opening, and it is a sealed wall body, which is also a sealed wall of an artificial water body. In this way, not only can the same effect be achieved, but also the cost can be reduced. These three methods can be freely combined to facilitate construction and implementation anywhere on land. The size and shape of the underwater building are arbitrary, and its size is set as a human living place, or as an ornamental item like an aquarium. As long as it is a building body sealed on all sides, the interior is a water environment, and the opening is underwater, the characteristics of water are used to form a balance with the internal air space, and a new layer of water surface is formed to connect the internal and external environments and spaces.
[0038] Furthermore, the underwater building described in the present invention has a main body that is formed by an opening on a horizontal plane and a closed air space with a corresponding pressure. Of course, it can also be an underwater building with two or more different main features on a building body.
[0039] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the building has horizontal openings at different water level depths of the water body A, forming water surfaces of different depths, that is, corresponding to air spaces B of different pressures. These are two different entities, which can exist independently or be connected together. Two spaces with different pressures cannot be directly connected, but can be connected through a pressure regulating chamber. The pressure regulating chamber G is a channel connecting two space entities with different pressures. The pressure regulating chamber is set between two spaces with different pressures, and is connected to the two spaces with different pressures by sealed doors. There are opening and closing valve facilities for supplementing and discharging air inside. When the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber increases to the same pressure as the space on the high-pressure side, the sealed door on this side can be opened, and the pressure regulating chamber can be connected to the space on the high-pressure side. Conversely, when the pressure is released to the same pressure as the space on the low-pressure side, it can be connected to the low-pressure side space in and out, and people and objects can enter and exit through this pressure regulating chamber. The pressure regulating chamber H is a connecting channel between the underwater pressure space and the outside world with normal pressure.
[0040] In one embodiment, if Figure 5 If the horizontal opening is located at the bottom of the building, there is no need to set up an inner wall. Unless there is a solid building or a building with another space body below, the opening will be all water surface.
[0041] In one embodiment, the underwater structure is an immovable structure with a fixed foundation, or a semi-fixed liftable structure, or a movable structure like a ship hull.
[0042] In one embodiment, the underwater building is connected to the outside world, or between two spaces with different pressures in the underwater building, or between two buildings with different pressures through a pressure regulating chamber.
[0043] In one embodiment, the underwater building may be made of any material, such as any one or more of cement, steel, wood, glass, plastic or organic materials, as long as the strength requirements and sealing requirements are met.
[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An underwater building, characterized in that: The underwater building is closed on all sides, with only one horizontal opening at any depth underwater, and communicates with the external water body; The portion above the horizontal opening is formed as an outer wall, and its bottom end is open; the portion below the horizontal opening is formed as an inner wall, and its top end is open; The underwater structure is supplemented with air, and the air pressure is equal to or higher than the water pressure at the opening; Among them, the top end of the inner wall is higher than the bottom end of the outer wall; a new layer of water surface is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall, and the pressure corresponding to the position of the new water surface is consistent with the air pressure inside the underwater building, forming a balance.
2. An underwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The highest point of the bottom end of the outer wall is lower than the lowest point of the top end of the inner wall.
3. An underwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length, number and position of the horizontal openings are arbitrary and can be continuous or disconnected; The distance between the inner wall and the outer wall is arbitrary; The height difference between the inner wall and the outer wall is arbitrary.
4. The underwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater building is completely arranged underwater, or its upper part protrudes above the water surface.
5. The underwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater structure also includes equipment for supplementing and regulating the internal air.
6. The underwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater building is constructed in a natural water environment such as an ocean or a lake, or in an artificial water environment on land and is combined with a land building; The underwater building can be of any size and shape, and its size can be set as a living place for humans, or as an ornamental item like an aquarium.
7. The underwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the horizontal opening is located at the bottom of the building body, no inner wall is required.
8. The underwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater building is an immovable building with a fixed foundation, or a semi-fixed liftable building, or a movable building like a ship hull.
9. The underwater structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater building is connected to the outside world, or between two spaces with different pressures in the underwater building, or between two buildings with different pressures through a pressure regulating chamber.