Open-type TBM anti-lock buffering system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an open type TBM anti-lock buffering system and method, and belongs to the technical field of TBM tunnel engineering. A TBM anti-lock buffer system is additionally arranged between a buffer box of an open TBM main beam and a buffer box of a top shield, and a corresponding monitoring method is configured. TBM tunneling parameters and tunneling states are obtained in real time through a data interface reserved in a TBM tunneling control room, the working state of the anti-lock buffer device is judged according to parameter data and # imgabs0 #, and if the anti-lock buffer device works, a stress analysis model is constructed to obtain a control decision instruction. If the instruction is empty and normal tunneling, a control object is determined, a control variable is calculated and acts on an execution mechanism, and tunneling is carried out according to new data. And if the control decision instruction is still non-empty after the process is repeated for I times, the anti-lock buffer device is manually disassembled. According to the method, the buffer device is arranged, so that the locking safety coefficient of the open TBM is improved, and the construction safety and efficiency are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of TBM tunnel engineering, and in particular relates to an open TBM anti-lock buffer system and method. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel construction, poor geological conditions have always been a major problem that plagues TBM (full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine) excavation construction. In such geological environments, TBMs are very likely to get stuck, which not only poses a serious threat to tunnel construction safety, but also leads to a series of problems such as construction delays and increased costs.

[0003] At present, China has adopted a variety of measures to prevent TBM jamming, including construction early warning, dynamic adjustment of tunneling parameters, applying lubricating oil to the top shield to reduce friction, and reverse thrust, etc. However, when faced with complex working conditions with high surrounding rock pressure, the effects of these measures are often unsatisfactory, and shield jamming and subsequent jamming still occur from time to time.

[0004] Although existing TBM equipment is equipped with a top shield buffer box and a telescopic cylinder with a certain pressure bearing capacity, these devices are difficult to effectively deal with in poor geological sections because the surrounding rock pressure is far beyond expectations. The shield locking problem still occurs frequently, which cannot meet the actual needs of efficient and rapid TBM construction. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an anti-locking buffer device suitable for open TBM and its application method to improve the fault tolerance of open TBM to deal with machine jam problems, minimize the risk of machine jam, and thus significantly improve the efficiency of tunnel construction under poor geological conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides an open TBM anti-lock buffer system and method.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an open TBM anti-lock buffer system is added between the TBM main beam and the buffer box of the top shield; N top shield hydraulic cylinders are arranged between the TBM main beam and the top shield; a buffer space of a specified size is reserved between the TBM main beam and the outer side wall of the buffer box, and the open TBM anti-lock buffer system includes: M anti-lock buffer devices are arranged in the buffer space according to requirements; The anti-lock buffer monitoring module is communicatively connected to the N top shield hydraulic cylinders and the M anti-lock buffer devices; the anti-lock buffer monitoring module is configured to collect current excavation data and control the excavation state according to the current excavation data.

[0007] In a further embodiment, the anti-lock braking buffer device comprises: A mounting seat, fixedly mounted at a designated position of the TBM main beam; the mounting seat has a fastening structure; The buffer hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting seat through the fastening structure; the lifting end of the buffer hydraulic cylinder acts on the buffer box according to the instruction of the anti-lock buffer monitoring module.

[0008] In a further embodiment, the anti-lock braking buffer monitoring module includes: The pressure sensor and displacement sensor are installed on the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the anti-lock buffer device respectively; It also includes: a first module, which is configured to obtain current excavation data in real time, wherein the current excavation data includes: excavation parameter data and excavation status data; the excavation status data includes: the combined force of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the vertical displacement of the corresponding top shield , Buffer hydraulic cylinder Real-time pressure value And the corresponding real-time displacement , Indicates the acquisition time point; The second module is configured to calculate the combined force of the hydraulic cylinder based on the excavation parameter data and the current hydraulic cylinder force. Establishing a working state judgment standard, wherein the working state judgment standard is used to judge whether the current anti-lock braking buffer device is in a working state; The third module is configured to construct a tunneling force analysis model and use the tunneling state data as input to obtain a control decision instruction; The fourth module is configured to determine the control object and calculate the corresponding control variable based on the control decision instruction and the current excavation data; based on the control variable, the corresponding actuator is acted on to obtain new excavation data, and excavation is performed according to the new excavation data.

[0009] In a further embodiment, a reserved interface is provided in the TBM excavation control room for obtaining the combined force of the N top shield hydraulic cylinders.

[0010] The open TBM anti-lock buffer monitoring method using the open TBM anti-lock buffer system as described above comprises the following steps: Step 1: obtaining current excavation data in real time through a reserved interface in the TBM excavation control room, wherein the current excavation data includes excavation parameter data and excavation status data; Step 2: Based on the tunneling parameter data and the combined force of the current top shield hydraulic cylinder Establishing a working state judgment standard, wherein the working state judgment standard is used to judge whether the current anti-lock braking buffer device is in a working state: if it is in a working state, executing step three; otherwise, executing step five; Step 3: construct a tunneling force analysis model, and use the tunneling state data as input to obtain a control decision instruction; if the control decision instruction is empty, execute step 5; if the control decision instruction is not empty, execute step 4; Step 4: Based on the control decision instruction, the control object is determined in combination with the current excavation data and the corresponding control variable is calculated; based on the control variable, the corresponding actuator is acted on to obtain new excavation data, and excavation is performed according to the new excavation data; Step 5: excavate normally according to the current excavation data; Step 6: if the control decision instruction continues to be non-empty after repeating steps 1 to 5 I times, the anti-lock buffer device is manually removed, and I is the preset number of repeated control decisions.

[0011] In a further embodiment, the excavation status data includes at least: the resultant force of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the vertical displacement of the corresponding top shield , Buffer hydraulic cylinder Real-time pressure value And the corresponding real-time displacement ; The current surrounding rock pressure acting on the top shield The calculation formula is as follows: .

[0012] In a further embodiment, the excavation parameter data includes at least: the pressure resultant threshold of the top shield hydraulic cylinder The judgment process of the working status judgment standard is as follows: If the pressure values ​​of all buffer hydraulic cylinders If there is no change, it means that the anti-lock buffer device is not involved in the work; If there is at least one set of buffer hydraulic cylinders with gradually increasing pressure values, and satisfying , If the proportional coefficient is less than 1, it means that the anti-lock buffer device is involved in the work and works in coordination with the top shield hydraulic cylinder to jointly bear the pressure transmitted from the surrounding rock through the top shield.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the excavation parameter data also includes: the maximum thrust value of the main engine The excavation status data also includes: the current TBM thrust ; Correspondingly, the construction of the force analysis model is as follows: When the force range of the top shield hydraulic cylinder is hour: like , then the control decision instruction is empty, indicating that the excavation is carried out normally according to the current excavation data; like , the control decision instruction is non-empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed; if after a predetermined number of decision control instructions, the retraction amount of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and buffer hydraulic cylinder increases continuously, that is, under the arching effect of the surrounding rock, the control decision instruction is not empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed; if after a predetermined number of decision control instructions, the retraction amount of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and buffer hydraulic cylinder increases continuously, that is, under the arching effect of the surrounding rock, the control decision instruction is satisfied. When the control decision instruction is passed, the tunnel is advanced quickly; if the control decision instruction is not satisfied after the predetermined number of times, When the buffer device is manually disassembled; In a further embodiment, when the force range of the top shield hydraulic cylinder is hour: like , then the control decision instruction is non-empty, indicating that the top shield hydraulic cylinder is being excavated normally according to the current excavation data; like , the control decision instruction is non-empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed; if after a predetermined number of decision control instructions, the retraction amount of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and buffer hydraulic cylinder increases continuously, that is, under the arching effect of the surrounding rock, the control decision instruction is not empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed; if after a predetermined number of decision control instructions, the retraction amount of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and buffer hydraulic cylinder increases continuously, that is, under the arching effect of the surrounding rock, the control decision instruction is satisfied. When the control decision instruction is passed, the tunnel is advanced quickly; if the control decision instruction is not satisfied after the predetermined number of times, When the buffer device is manually disassembled; Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention adds an anti-lock buffer device between the TBM main beam and the outer wall of the buffer box, and configures a corresponding control system and control method. M anti-lock buffer devices are arranged in the buffer space between the TBM main beam and the outer wall of the buffer box. When the top shield is subjected to a large pressure, these buffer devices can work together with the top shield hydraulic cylinder to share the pressure. The buffer hydraulic cylinder can play a role in buffering and regulating pressure, reducing the instantaneous impact force and continuous high pressure borne by the top shield hydraulic cylinder and other key components, reducing the wear and damage probability of the equipment, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing the equipment maintenance and replacement costs.

[0014] The anti-lock buffer monitoring module can collect current excavation data in real time, including excavation parameter data and excavation status data. Through real-time analysis of these data, the working status of the TBM and the changes in the top shield pressure can be timely grasped. Based on this, the working status judgment standard and the excavation force analysis model are established, which can accurately determine whether the anti-lock buffer device needs to work and give corresponding control decision instructions. Once an abnormal pressure situation occurs, the system can quickly adjust the working status of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the buffer hydraulic cylinder and the excavation speed to avoid the shield locking due to excessive pressure, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of machine jam accidents and ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment during TBM construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an open TBM anti-lock buffer system of Example 1.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the anti-lock braking buffer device in Example 1.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the open-type TBM anti-lock buffer monitoring method in Example 2.

[0018] Figure 1 to Figure 2 The markings in the figure are: TBM main beam 1, top shield 2, buffer box 3, top shield hydraulic cylinder 4, anti-lock buffer device 5, mounting seat 501, fastening structure 502, buffer hydraulic cylinder 503. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, an open TBM anti-lock buffer system is added between the buffer box 3 of the TBM main beam 1 and the top shield 2; N top shield hydraulic cylinders 4 are arranged between the TBM main beam 1 and the top shield 2; N in this embodiment takes 4 as an example, that is, 4 top shield hydraulic cylinders 4 are arranged.

[0021] A buffer space of a specified size is reserved between the TBM main beam 1 and the outer side wall of the buffer box 3. The open TBM anti-lock buffer system includes: M anti-lock buffer devices 5 are arranged in the buffer space according to requirements; correspondingly, M=4.

[0022] The anti-lock buffer monitoring module is communicatively connected to the N top shield hydraulic cylinders 4 and the M anti-lock buffer devices 5 at the same time; the anti-lock buffer monitoring module is configured to collect current excavation data and control the excavation state according to the current excavation data.

[0023] The anti-lock buffer device 5 comprises: a mounting seat 501, which is fixedly mounted at a designated position of the TBM main beam 1; the mounting seat 501 has a fastening structure 502; The buffer hydraulic cylinder 503 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 501 through the fastening structure 502; the lifting end of the buffer hydraulic cylinder 503 acts on the buffer box 3 according to the instruction of the anti-lock buffer monitoring module.

[0024] Combination Figure 2, further, the anti-lock buffer device includes: the anti-lock buffer device is composed of a fixed base, a fastening structure, fastening bolts, a hydraulic cylinder, an electro-hydraulic servo valve, etc., and can withstand the pressure transmitted by the upper top shield buffer box.

[0025] Among them, the fixed base is a rectangular steel plate with a certain thickness: the fixed base is installed on the main beam just above the main drive, and is connected to the bolts above the main beam by welding, so that the hydraulic cylinder is smooth and the force is evenly distributed; a threaded hole is set on one side of the fixed base.

[0026] The hydraulic cylinder is an electro-hydraulic driven hydraulic cylinder: the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder can be controlled by an electro-hydraulic servo valve, and it can work together with the hydraulic cylinders arranged on both sides of the top shield buffer box to resist pressure and prevent the top shield from locking.

[0027] The fastening structure is used to prevent the hydraulic cylinder from slipping: a threaded hole is arranged on one side of the fastening structure, and the fastening structure is connected to the fixed base by bolts.

[0028] The electro-hydraulic servo valve is connected to the hydraulic pump through a pipeline.

[0029] In a further embodiment, the anti-lock braking buffer monitoring module includes: The pressure sensor and displacement sensor are installed on the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the anti-lock buffer device respectively. The anti-lock buffer monitoring module also includes: a first module, which is configured to obtain current excavation data in real time, and the current excavation data includes: excavation parameter data and excavation status data. The excavation status data includes: the combined force of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the vertical displacement of the corresponding top shield , Buffer hydraulic cylinder Real-time pressure value And the corresponding real-time displacement , Indicates the acquisition time point.

[0030] The second module is configured to calculate the combined force of the hydraulic cylinder based on the excavation parameter data and the current hydraulic cylinder force. Establishing a working state judgment standard, wherein the working state judgment standard is used to judge whether the current anti-lock braking buffer device is in a working state; The third module is configured to construct a tunneling force analysis model and use the tunneling state data as input to obtain a control decision instruction; The fourth module is configured to determine the control object and calculate the corresponding control variable based on the control decision instruction and the current excavation data; based on the control variable, the corresponding actuator is acted on to obtain new excavation data, and excavation is performed according to the new excavation data.

[0031] The combined force of the top shield hydraulic cylinder The method for obtaining the force is as follows: a reserved interface is provided in the TBM excavation control room for obtaining the combined force of the N top shield hydraulic cylinders.

[0032] Example 2 Based on the open-type TBM anti-lock buffer system disclosed in Example 1, this embodiment discloses an open-type TBM anti-lock buffer monitoring method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: obtaining current excavation data in real time through a reserved interface in the TBM excavation control room, wherein the current excavation data includes excavation parameter data and excavation status data; Step 2: Based on the tunneling parameter data and the combined force of the current top shield hydraulic cylinder Establishing a working state judgment standard, wherein the working state judgment standard is used to judge whether the current anti-lock braking buffer device is in a working state: if it is in a working state, executing step three; otherwise, executing step five; Step 3: construct a tunneling force analysis model, and use the tunneling state data as input to obtain a control decision instruction; if the control decision instruction is empty, execute step 5; if the control decision instruction is not empty, execute step 4; Step 4: Based on the control decision instruction, the control object is determined in combination with the current excavation data and the corresponding control variable is calculated; based on the control variable, the corresponding actuator is acted on to obtain new excavation data, and excavation is performed according to the new excavation data; Step 5: Dig normally according to the current digging data; Step 6: If the control decision instruction continues to be non-empty after repeating steps 1 to 5 I times, the anti-lock buffer device is manually removed, and I is the preset number of repeated control decisions.

[0033] Furthermore, the excavation status data at least includes: the combined force of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the vertical displacement of the corresponding top shield , Buffer hydraulic cylinder Real-time pressure value And the corresponding real-time displacement ; The current top shield pressure The calculation formula is as follows: .

[0034] In a further embodiment, the excavation parameter data includes at least: the pressure resultant threshold of the top shield hydraulic cylinder The judgment process of the working status judgment standard is as follows: If the pressure values ​​of all buffer hydraulic cylinders If there is no change, it means that the anti-lock buffer device is not involved in the work; If there is at least one set of buffer hydraulic cylinders with gradually increasing pressure values, and satisfying , If the proportional coefficient is less than 1, it means that the anti-lock buffer device is involved in the work and works in coordination with the top shield hydraulic cylinder to jointly bear the pressure transmitted from the surrounding rock through the top shield.

[0035] For example, in a tunnel construction project in a mountain area, the construction team used an open TBM for excavation operations. The tunnel passes through a variety of complex geological layers, including broken zones, weak surrounding rock areas, etc. During the excavation process, the top shield will be subjected to unstable and variable surrounding rock pressure. In order to ensure the safe and efficient excavation of the TBM, the open TBM anti-lock buffer system and related monitoring methods of the present invention are adopted. After the TBM starts excavation, the anti-lock buffer monitoring module collects excavation status data and excavation parameter data according to a predetermined period. Among them, the excavation parameter data includes the pressure threshold of the top shield hydraulic cylinder After preliminary equipment commissioning and geological assessment, it was determined , the number of top shield hydraulic cylinders N=4, the number of buffer hydraulic cylinders M=8, the proportional coefficient .

[0036] According to the working status judgment standard, at this time, the pressure values ​​of all buffer hydraulic cylinders do not change and the top shield pressure does not reach the threshold, indicating that the anti-lock buffer device is not involved in the work.

[0037] The excavation parameter data also includes: the maximum thrust value of the main engine The excavation status data also includes: the current TBM thrust ; Correspondingly, the construction of the force analysis model is as follows: When the force range of the top shield hydraulic cylinder is hour: like , then the control decision instruction is non-empty, indicating that the top shield hydraulic cylinder is being excavated normally according to the current excavation data; like , the control decision instruction is non-empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed. If after a predetermined number of decision control instructions, the retraction amount of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and buffer hydraulic cylinder increases continuously, that is, under the arching effect of the surrounding rock, the control decision instruction is not empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed. When the control decision instruction is passed, the tunnel is advanced quickly; if the control decision instruction is not satisfied after the predetermined number of times, Manually disassemble the buffer device.

[0038] In a further embodiment, when the force range of the top shield hydraulic cylinder is hour: like , then the control decision instruction is non-empty, indicating that the top shield hydraulic cylinder is being excavated normally according to the current excavation data; like , the control decision instruction is non-empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed. If after a predetermined number of decision control instructions, the retraction amount of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and buffer hydraulic cylinder increases continuously, that is, under the arching effect of the surrounding rock, the control decision instruction is not empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed. When the control decision instruction is passed, the tunnel is advanced quickly; if the control decision instruction is not satisfied after the predetermined number of times, Manually disassemble the buffer device.

[0039] The entire control variable calculation process is based on real-time collected tunneling data, and can automatically calculate and adjust each control variable according to changes in parameters such as top shield pressure, main engine thrust, and surrounding rock friction. This intelligent and automated control method reduces the need for manual intervention, reduces the impact of human factors on the tunneling process, improves the accuracy and efficiency of the tunneling process, and also reduces the workload of operators.

Claims

1. An open TBM anti-lock buffer system, which is added between the TBM main beam and the buffer box of the top shield; N top shield hydraulic cylinders are arranged between the TBM main beam and the top shield; characterized in that: A buffer space of a specified size is reserved between the TBM main beam and the outer side wall of the buffer box. The open TBM anti-lock buffer system includes: M anti-lock buffer devices are arranged in the buffer space according to requirements; The anti-lock buffer monitoring module is communicatively connected to the N top shield hydraulic cylinders and the M anti-lock buffer devices; the anti-lock buffer monitoring module is configured to collect current excavation data and control the excavation state according to the current excavation data.

2. The open type TBM anti-lock buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-lock braking buffer device comprises: A mounting seat, fixedly mounted at a designated position of the TBM main beam; the mounting seat has a fastening structure; The buffer hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting seat through the fastening structure; the lifting end of the buffer hydraulic cylinder acts on the buffer box according to the instruction of the anti-lock buffer monitoring module.

3. The open type TBM anti-lock buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-lock braking buffer monitoring module includes: The pressure sensor and displacement sensor are installed on the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the anti-lock buffer device respectively; It also includes: a first module, which is configured to obtain current excavation data in real time, wherein the current excavation data includes: excavation parameter data and excavation status data; the excavation status data includes: the combined force of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the vertical displacement of the corresponding top shield , Buffer hydraulic cylinder Real-time pressure value And the corresponding real-time displacement , Indicates the acquisition time point; The second module is configured to calculate the combined force of the hydraulic cylinder based on the excavation parameter data and the current hydraulic cylinder force. Establishing a working state judgment standard, wherein the working state judgment standard is used to judge whether the current anti-lock braking buffer device is in a working state; The third module is configured to construct a tunneling force analysis model and use the tunneling state data as input to obtain a control decision instruction; The fourth module is configured to determine the control object and calculate the corresponding control variable based on the control decision instruction and the current excavation data; based on the control variable, the corresponding actuator is acted on to obtain new excavation data, and excavation is performed according to the new excavation data.

4. The open type TBM anti-lock buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A data interface is reserved in the TBM excavation control room for obtaining the combined force of the N top shield hydraulic cylinders.

5. An open TBM anti-lock buffer monitoring method using the open TBM anti-lock buffer system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: obtaining current excavation data in real time through a reserved interface in the TBM excavation control room, wherein the current excavation data includes excavation parameter data and excavation status data; Step 2: Based on the tunneling parameter data and the combined force of the current top shield hydraulic cylinder Establishing a working state judgment standard, wherein the working state judgment standard is used to judge whether the current anti-lock braking buffer device is in a working state: if it is in a working state, executing step three; otherwise, executing step five; Step 3: construct a tunneling force analysis model, and use the tunneling state data as input to obtain a control decision instruction; if the control decision instruction is empty, execute step 5; if the control decision instruction is not empty, execute step 4; Step 4: Based on the control decision instruction, the control object is determined in combination with the current excavation data and the corresponding control variable is calculated; based on the control variable, the corresponding actuator is acted on to obtain new excavation data, and excavation is performed according to the new excavation data; Step 5: excavate normally according to the current excavation data; Step 6: if the control decision instruction continues to be non-empty after repeating steps 1 to 5 I times, the anti-lock buffer device is manually removed, and I is the preset number of repeated control decisions.

6. The open TBM anti-lock buffer monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The excavation status data at least includes: the combined force of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and the vertical displacement of the corresponding top shield , Buffer hydraulic cylinder Real-time pressure value And the corresponding real-time displacement ; The current surrounding rock pressure acting on the top shield The calculation formula is as follows: 。 7. The open TBM anti-lock buffer monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The excavation parameter data at least includes: the pressure resultant threshold of the top shield hydraulic cylinder The judgment process of the working status judgment standard is as follows: If the pressure values ​​of all buffer hydraulic cylinders If there is no change, it means that the anti-lock buffer device is not involved in the work; If there is at least one set of buffer hydraulic cylinders with gradually increasing pressure values, and satisfying , If the proportional coefficient is less than 1, it means that the anti-lock buffer device is involved in the work and works in coordination with the top shield hydraulic cylinder to jointly bear the pressure transmitted from the surrounding rock through the top shield.

8. The open TBM anti-lock buffer monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The excavation parameter data also includes: the maximum thrust value of the main engine The excavation status data also includes: the current TBM thrust ; Correspondingly, the construction of the force analysis model is as follows: When the force range of the top shield hydraulic cylinder is hour: like , then the control decision instruction is empty, indicating that the excavation is carried out normally according to the current excavation data; like , the control decision instruction is non-empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed; if after a predetermined number of decision control instructions, the retraction amount of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and buffer hydraulic cylinder increases continuously, and under the arching effect of the surrounding rock, the control decision instruction is satisfied. When the control decision instruction is passed, the tunnel is advanced quickly; if the control decision instruction is not satisfied after the predetermined number of times, Manually disassemble the buffer device.

9. The open TBM anti-lock buffer monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The construction of the stress analysis model also includes: When the force range of the top shield hydraulic cylinder is hour: like , then the control decision instruction is non-empty, indicating that the top shield hydraulic cylinder is being excavated normally according to the current excavation data; like , the control decision instruction is non-empty, and the control objects include at least: top shield hydraulic cylinder, buffer hydraulic cylinder and excavation speed; if after a predetermined number of decision control instructions, the retraction amount of the top shield hydraulic cylinder and buffer hydraulic cylinder increases continuously, and under the arching effect of the surrounding rock, the control decision instruction is satisfied. When the control decision instruction is passed, the tunnel is advanced quickly; if the control decision instruction is not satisfied after the predetermined number of times, Manually disassemble the buffer device.

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