Herringbone gear speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of speed reducers, in particular to a herringbone gear speed reducer, which is characterized in that a driving pinion shaft is connected with a driving left pinion and a driving right pinion in opposite screw directions through keys in a penetrating manner, a large gear shaft is correspondingly connected with a driven large gear left gear ring and a driven large gear right gear ring in a penetrating manner, and the large gear shaft is connected with a gear body in a penetrating manner through keys; a left connecting shaft part and a right connecting shaft part of a gear body are integrally connected to the left side and the right side of a middle annular plate part, the left connecting shaft part and the right connecting shaft part are in interference penetrating connection with a left gear ring and a right gear ring of a driven large gear, a gear ring kidney-shaped hole is formed in the circumference of the left gear ring of the driven large gear, a gear body kidney-shaped hole is formed in the middle annular plate part, and a gear ring threaded hole is formed in the right gear ring of the driven large gear. The gear ring assembling bolt is sequentially connected with the gear ring screw hole, the gear body kidney-shaped hole and the gear ring kidney-shaped hole in series to be connected with the gear body, the driven large gear left gear ring and the driven large gear right gear ring in a locking mode, and the driven large gear left gear ring, the driven large gear right gear ring and the gear body are jointly provided with key holes which axially penetrate through the gear body and are connected with the connecting key in a penetrating mode. The bearing capacity and the mechanical performance of stable operation can be effectively considered, and machining and assembling are convenient and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, and in particular to a herringbone gear reducer with compact structure, high efficiency and low noise. Background Art

[0002] The herringbone gear reducer in the prior art has been partially applied. The traditional herringbone gear processing is divided into forging, rolling and grinding, but it is difficult to process, expensive and has a low cost performance ratio. It has the defects of large size, high noise, poor durability, difficult maintenance and high cost. Therefore, a new herringbone gear reducer is designed to solve the above problems and improve the overall mechanical and usage performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a herringbone gear reducer which has a simple structure, can effectively take into account the mechanical properties of load-bearing capacity and stable operation, and is convenient to process and assemble.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a herringbone gear reducer, including a driving pinion shaft and a large gear shaft, the driving pinion shaft is keyed through the driving left and right pinion gears of the helical gear structure with opposite spiral directions, and the large gear shaft is correspondingly connected with the left and right gear rings of the passive large gear meshing with the driving left and right pinion gears, and is characterized in that: the large gear shaft is keyed through the gear body, the gear body includes an intermediate ring plate portion and left and right connecting shaft portions, the left and right connecting shaft portions are respectively integrally connected to the left and right sides of the intermediate ring plate portion, the left and right connecting shaft portions are respectively interference-connected with the left and right gear rings of the passive large gear, and a plurality of gears are arranged around the circumference of the left gear ring of the passive large gear A gear ring waist hole, a plurality of gear body waist holes corresponding to the gear ring waist holes are arranged on the middle ring plate, a plurality of gear ring screw holes are arranged around the circumference on the right gear ring of the passive large gear, the gear ring assembly bolts are sequentially connected in series with the gear ring screw holes, the gear body waist holes and the gear ring waist holes to lock and connect the gear body and the left and right gear rings of the passive large gear, the inner rings of the left and right gear rings of the passive large gear are provided with a plurality of inner ring keyways around the circumference, the gear body is provided with a plurality of outer ring keyways corresponding to the inner ring keyways, the outer ring keyways are arranged on the outer circumferences of the left and right connecting shafts and penetrate the gear body axially, the outer ring keyways and the inner ring keyways correspond to each other one by one to form an integral key hole structure and are penetrated with the connecting key.

[0005] Furthermore, the outer ring keyway and the inner ring keyway are semicircular keyway structures.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer ring keyway and the inner ring keyway are connected with threaded round keys.

[0007] Furthermore, the active left and right pinions are connected to the active pinion shaft with a double-key structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the left and right connecting shafts of the gear body are of a tapered shaft structure, and the inner rings of the left and right gear rings of the driven large gear are of a tapered hole structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the left and right gear rings of the driven large gear are processed by hard tooth surface grinding of 17CrNiMo, and the gear body is processed by 20CrNiMo.

[0010] Furthermore, the active left and right pinions are integral gears, and the gear body of the integral gear exceeds the toothed portion on both sides of the axial direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the active left and right pinion gears are interference-connected with the active pinion gear shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the waist-shaped extension direction of the waist-shaped hole of the gear ring and the waist-shaped hole of the gear body is around the circumferential direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the active left and right pinions miss each other by 0.5 tooth pitches.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The assembled herringbone gear is used as the transmission element. The passive large gear adopts a split combination of the gear body, the left and right gear rings of the passive large gear. The gear ring is made of 17CrNiMo hardened tooth surface after gear grinding, and 20CrNiMo is used as the gear body. The helix angle of the involute gear is appropriately increased. The increase in the helix angle can increase the overlap of the gear, which means that more teeth are involved in meshing at the same time, thereby improving the gear's load-bearing capacity and running stability.

[0015] 2. The active left pinion and the active right pinion are made into integral gears respectively. The gear body is thicker than the tooth profile to increase the contact surface between the gear and the shaft. A double-key structure is adopted to increase the torque bearing capacity. After the two pinions are assembled, there is a gap between the left gear and the right gear. The inner hole diameter of the gear is smaller than the gear shaft diameter, leaving an interference.

[0016] 3. The left gear ring of the passive large gear and the right gear ring of the passive large gear are split structures that share a gear body. The left and right surfaces of the gear body are installed with interference fit with the left and right gear rings respectively. The surfaces where the two connecting shafts of the gear body fit with the gear rings are 1:50 conical surfaces, and the inner hole of the gear ring is also a conical hole, which is used to ensure that the left and right gear rings are firmly assembled to the gear body with interference fit, and can ensure the verticality of the gear ring and the axial non-movement.

[0017] 4. The outer ring keyway and the inner ring keyway are semicircular keyway structures. The semicircular keyway structures are combined into an overall circular structure and connected with threaded round keys, which can ensure that there will be no radial stringing and displacement between the left and right gear rings of the passive large gear and the gear body when the load is large.

[0018] 5. The active left and right pinions miss 0.5 tooth pitches, and the left-handed gear misses 0.5 tooth pitches relative to the right-handed gear, which can increase 2 contact points and increase the load-bearing capacity of the reducer by 16%.

[0019] The herringbone gear structure of the herringbone gear reducer of the present invention does not need to be paired during assembly, and the processing error does not need to be considered. It only needs to be adjusted with the left gear ring of the passive large gear with waist-shaped holes or elliptical long holes during assembly, and can be used directly without running-in after assembly. It has the advantages of small size, light weight, low noise, long life, etc. It has broad application prospects in the fields of industrial automation, mechanical equipment, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structural parts of the reducer of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left gear ring of the passive large gear; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right gear ring of the passive large gear; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal assembly structure of the reducer of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: large gear shaft bearing pressure cover 1, large gear shaft oil seal 2, large gear shaft bearing 3, passive large gear left ring gear 4, inner ring keyway 41, pinion shaft flat key 5, large gear shaft 6, large gear shaft flat key 7, gear body 8, intermediate ring plate portion 81, connecting shaft portion 82, gear body waist hole 83, outer ring keyway 84, passive large gear right ring gear 9, reducer oiling breather cap 10, large gear shaft bearing cover 11, active pinion shaft left bearing cover 12, pinion shaft bearing 13, active left pinion 14, reducer lower housing 15, active pinion shaft 16, reducer oil drain plug 17, active right pinion 18, active pinion oil seal 19, active pinion shaft right bearing pressure cover 20, ring gear waist hole 21, ring gear screw hole 22, round key 23, reducer upper housing 24, reducer transparent oil level observation window 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1-4 As shown, a herringbone gear reducer includes a reducer lower housing 15, a reducer upper housing 24, a driving pinion shaft 16 and a gear shaft 6. A reducer oiling vent cap 10 is provided on the reducer upper housing 24, and a reducer transparent oil level observation window 25 and a reducer oil drain plug 17 are provided on the side wall of the reducer lower housing 15. The driving pinion shaft 16 and the gear shaft 6 are supported on the reducer lower housing 15 respectively and covered by the reducer upper housing 24.

[0024] The left side of the large gear shaft 6 is supported on the lower housing 15 of the speed reducer by the large gear shaft bearing 3. The large gear shaft 6 passes through the large gear shaft oil seal 2 and is covered by the large gear shaft bearing gland 1. The right side of the large gear shaft 6 is supported on the lower housing 15 of the speed reducer by the large gear shaft bearing 3 and is covered by the large gear shaft bearing blind cover 11. The large gear shaft 6 is sequentially connected in series with the left tooth ring 4 of the driven large gear, the gear body 8, and the right tooth ring 9 of the driven large gear from left to right through the large gear shaft flat key 7. The left tooth ring 4 and the right tooth ring 9 of the driven large gear are provided with helical gear structures with opposite helix directions. The gear body 8 includes an intermediate ring plate portion 81 and left and right connecting shaft portions 82. The left and right connecting shaft portions 82 are integrally connected to the left and right sides of the intermediate ring plate portion 81 respectively. The left and right connecting shaft portions 82 are press-fitted through the left and right tooth rings 4 and 9 of the driven large gear respectively. A plurality of tooth ring waist-shaped holes 21 are arranged around the circumference of the left tooth ring 4 of the driven large gear. A plurality of gear body waist-shaped holes 83 corresponding to the tooth ring waist-shaped holes 21 are arranged on the intermediate ring plate portion 81. A plurality of tooth ring screw holes 22 are arranged around the circumference of the right tooth ring 9 of the driven large gear. The tooth ring assembly bolts are sequentially connected through the tooth ring screw holes, the gear body waist-shaped holes, and the tooth ring waist-shaped holes to lock and connect the gear body and the left and right tooth rings of the driven large gear. A plurality of inner ring key grooves 41 are arranged around the inner circumference of the left and right tooth rings of the driven large gear. The gear body 8 is provided with a plurality of outer ring key grooves 84 corresponding to the inner ring key grooves respectively. The outer ring key grooves are opened on the outer circumferences of the left and right connecting shafts and axially penetrate the gear body. The round keys 23 are inserted through the outer ring key grooves and the inner ring key grooves to form an integral circular key hole structure one by one.

[0025] The left and right driving small gears 14 and 18 with opposite helix directions and helical gear structures are connected in series on the driving small gear shaft 16 through the double small gear shaft flat keys 5. The left and right driving small gears 14 and 18 are respectively meshed with the left and right tooth rings 4 and 9 of the driven large gear.

[0026] On the basis of this embodiment, the left and right connecting shaft portions of the gear body can preferably be conical shaft structures, and the inner circles of the left and right tooth rings of the driven large gear are conical hole structures. The taper of the conical shaft and the conical hole is preferably 1:50.

[0027] On the basis of this embodiment, the round keys can further be selected as round keys with screw threads.

[0028] On the basis of this embodiment, the left and right tooth rings of the driven large gear can preferably be processed by grinding with a hard tooth surface of 17CrNiMo, and the gear body can preferably be made of 20CrNiMo.

[0029] On the basis of this embodiment, the left and right driving small gears are integral gears. The gear body portions of the integral gears can preferably extend beyond the tooth profile portions on both axial sides. The left and right driving small gears are press-fitted through the driving small gear shaft.

[0030] On the basis of this embodiment, the left and right driving small gears can preferably be offset by 0.5 pitch.

[0031] When the reducer of the present invention is installed, first install the pinion shaft flat key 5 into the keyway of the pinion shaft 6, and then heat and press the active right pinion 18 into the pinion shaft 16, and then heat and press the active left pinion 14 into the pinion shaft 16, press the two pinion shaft bearings 13 into the two ends aligned with the pinion shaft bearing holes of the reducer lower housing 15, put the large gear shaft flat key 7 into the keyway of the large gear shaft 6, heat and press the gear body 8 into the large gear shaft 6, and the passive large gear left gear ring 4 and the passive large gear right gear ring 9 are inserted into the large gear shaft 6 from both ends, and install the two bearings and align the two ends of the large gear shaft bearing holes of the reducer lower housing 15. 83 of the gear body waist-shaped hole 83 of the middle ring plate portion 81 of the gear body, and align the upper teeth with the left pinion 14 of the passive large gear into the connecting shaft portion 82 on the left side of the gear body 8. The advancing portion can be engaged with the active left pinion 14, and then the bolts are inserted into the gear body waist-shaped hole 83 of the left gear ring 4 of the passive large gear and the middle ring plate portion 81 of the gear body 8. In the same way, align the gear ring screw hole 22 on the right gear ring 9 of the passive large gear with the gear body waist-shaped hole 83 of the middle ring plate portion 81 of the gear body 8 and fine-tune the small gear. The gear shaft, let the teeth of the passive large gear right gear ring 9 align with the teeth of the active right pinion 18 and push it into the connecting shaft 82 on the right side of the gear body 8, so that the pushing part can mesh with the active right pinion 18, and then install the other screws without tightening them, rotate the gear shaft forward and backward, and tighten the gear ring assembly bolts after adjustment. Since the 1:50 cone surfaces on both sides of the gear body 8 and the passive large gear left gear ring 4 and the passive large gear right gear ring 9 are already interference fit, the large gear shaft and the installed gear body gear ring can be taken out of the bearing hole of the reducer lower housing 15 as a whole, and placed on a special tooling, and drilled with an edge drill. Drill round key holes around the matching points of the gear body 8 and the left gear ring 4 of the passive large gear and the right gear ring 9 of the passive large gear. After processing with a reamer, drive in the round key 23 with a thread, tighten the nut, remove it from the tooling and put it back into the bearing hole of the reducer lower housing 15, buckle the reducer upper housing 24, install the left and right oil seals 2 of the large bearing, and the left and right oil seals 19 of the small bearing, after tightening the reducer housing fixing bolts, use paint to stick the four bearing gland gaskets, install the left bearing glands 1 and 12 and the right bearing glands 11 and 20, tighten the oil drain plug 17 and add gear oil, and install the reducer oiling breather cap 10.

Claims

1. A herringbone gear reducer, comprising a driving pinion shaft (16) and a gear shaft (6), wherein the driving pinion shaft (16) is keyed with a driving left pinion (14) and a driving right pinion (18) having a helical gear structure with opposite spiral directions, and the gear shaft (6) is correspondingly connected with a passive gear left ring gear (4) and a passive gear right ring gear (9) that mesh with the driving left pinion (14) and the driving right pinion (18), wherein the characteristics are: The gear body (8) is connected to the large gear shaft (6) through a key. The gear body (8) comprises an intermediate ring plate portion (81) and left and right connecting shaft portions (82). The left and right connecting shaft portions (82) are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the intermediate ring plate portion (81) in one piece. The left and right connecting shaft portions (82) are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the intermediate ring plate portion (81) through interference fit. The left and right connecting shaft portions (82) are respectively connected to the left gear ring (4) and the right gear ring (9) of the passive large gear. A plurality of gear ring waist-shaped holes (21) are arranged around the circumference of the passive large gear left gear ring (4). A plurality of gear body waist-shaped holes (83) corresponding to the gear ring waist-shaped holes (21) are arranged on the intermediate ring plate portion (81). A plurality of gear ring screw holes (22) are arranged around the circumference of the passive large gear right gear ring (9). The ring assembly bolts are sequentially connected in series with the gear ring screw hole (22), the gear body waist hole (83) and the gear ring waist hole (21) to lock and connect the gear body (8) and the passive large gear left gear ring (4) and the passive large gear right gear ring (9). The inner rings of the passive large gear left gear ring (4) and the passive large gear right gear ring (9) are provided with a plurality of inner ring key grooves (41) around the circumference. The gear body (8) is provided with a plurality of outer ring key grooves (84) corresponding to the inner ring key grooves (41) respectively. The outer ring key grooves (84) are provided on the outer circumferences of the left and right connecting shafts (82) and axially penetrate the gear body (8). The outer ring key grooves (84) and the inner ring key grooves (41) correspond to each other one by one to form an integral key hole structure and are connected with a connecting key.

2. The herringbone gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring keyway (84) and the inner ring keyway (41) are semicircular keyway structures.

3. The herringbone gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring keyway (84) and the inner ring keyway (41) are threadedly connected with a round key (23).

4. The herringbone gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active left pinion (14) and the active right pinion (18) are connected to the active pinion shaft (16) using a double-key structure.

5. The herringbone gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right connecting shafts (82) of the gear body (8) are of a tapered shaft structure, and the inner rings of the left gear ring (4) and the right gear ring (9) of the passive large gear are of a tapered hole structure.

6. A herringbone gear reducer according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The passive large gear left ring gear (4) and the passive large gear right ring gear (9) are made of 17CrNiMo hardened tooth surface grinding, and the gear body (8) is made of 20CrNiMo.

7. A herringbone gear reducer according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The active left pinion (14) and the active right pinion (18) are integral gears, and the gear body of the integral gear exceeds the toothed portion on both sides of the axial direction.

8. A herringbone gear reducer according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The active left pinion (14) and the active right pinion (18) are interference-engaged with the active pinion shaft (16).

9. The herringbone gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waist-shaped extension direction of the gear ring waist-shaped hole (21) and the gear body waist-shaped hole (83) is around the circumferential direction.

10. The herringbone gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active left pinion (14) and the active right pinion (18) miss each other by 0.5 tooth pitches.

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