Dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage and its heat control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology, and provides a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage and a heat control method thereof, comprising a metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, a phase change heat storage unit and a heat regulation unit; a hydrogen storage heat pipe is provided in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, a heat storage heat pipe is provided in the phase change heat storage unit, and temperature sensors are provided on both the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit; a heat exchange fluid medium is placed inside the heat regulation unit, and the heat regulation unit is connected to the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen heat storage pipe and the inlet and outlet of the heat storage heat pipe respectively through a heat exchange medium delivery pipe to form a closed pipeline; an electromagnetic valve is provided on the heat exchange medium delivery pipe, and the opening of the electromagnetic valve is adjusted according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor to control the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid medium. This significantly improves the efficiency of thermal management of the hydrogen storage and release process, and further enhances its applicability in different scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and in particular to a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage and a heat control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background art related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the practical application of hydrogen fuel cell power systems, efficient, safe, and economical hydrogen storage technology is crucial. Unlike traditional hydrogen storage methods, metal hydride solid-state hydrogen storage has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as high volumetric hydrogen storage density, low storage pressure, and excellent safety. However, metal hydrides exhibit significant thermal effects during the storage and desorption processes, which have a negative feedback effect on hydrogen storage performance. Therefore, appropriate thermal management strategies are needed to minimize the impact of thermal effects on the storage and desorption rates. Currently, a common active thermal management strategy is to embed heat exchange channels with a heat exchange fluid within the hydrogen storage tank, using this fluid to remove / supply reaction heat to ensure the storage and desorption rates. Previous studies have conducted extensive experimental and simulation studies on the effects of parameters such as the number, shape, and size of the heat exchange channels, as well as the shape and position of the fins, on the storage and desorption rates of hydrogen storage tanks. However, active thermal management strategies require additional heating and cooling devices, making the system complex. Moreover, the reaction heat released during the storage process is dissipated into the external environment, while additional heat is required to drive hydrogen desorption during the desorption process, resulting in low energy utilization.

[0004] Among various heat storage methods, phase change thermal storage (PCS) has become a popular and important technology in the field of thermal management due to its advantages of high heat storage density, minimal temperature fluctuation, and easily controllable process. In recent years, researchers have demonstrated the feasibility of using phase change materials (PCMs) to recover reaction heat and achieve self-heating equilibrium within metal hydride hydrogen storage tanks. Leveraging the heat storage and release properties of PCMs to recycle heat during the storage and release processes can effectively address heat loss during metal hydride hydrogen storage and achieve efficient energy utilization. However, the thermal conductivity of PCMs is generally low (less than 0.2 W / (m·K) for organic materials and less than 0.5 W / (m·K) for inorganic materials), which hinders heat transfer rates. Furthermore, proposed approaches for coupling PCS with metal hydride hydrogen storage focus on an integrated arrangement (i.e., PCM wrapped around the metal hydride), resulting in a single and limited heat transfer area, low storage and release rates, and low heat recovery efficiency. Previous studies have shown that the natural convection effect in the liquid phase of PCMs has a significant impact on the phase change heat transfer process, especially the melting process, and cannot be ignored. In an integrated arrangement, this natural convection effect will lead to an uneven distribution of the liquid phase fraction, exacerbating the local overheating phenomenon, thereby affecting the uniformity of the reaction and hindering the hydrogen storage and release process.

[0005] The integrated arrangement cannot effectively regulate the heat transfer process between the phase change material and the metal hydride, because this is a naturally changing process. The reaction heat released by the metal hydride during the hydrogen storage process is absorbed by the phase change material, and the heat accumulates on the side of the phase change material, causing the local temperature to rise. After the hydrogen storage is completed, the phase change material is in a high temperature state, which will accelerate the release of hydrogen, limiting the efficiency of hydrogen storage and release. In addition, the heat transfer process between the phase change material and the metal hydride is affected by many factors, including temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc. Changes in these factors will cause fluctuations and instability in the heat transfer rate. In the integrated arrangement, due to the fixed heat transfer path, it is impossible to flexibly respond to these changes, resulting in difficulty in accurately controlling the hydrogen storage and release rate, and increasing the difficulty of regulation. It can be seen that the existing integrated arrangement is incompatible with the requirements of high hydrogen storage and release rate and reaction uniformity. At the same time, it is difficult to achieve flexible regulation of hydrogen storage and release and heat storage and release processes. The dynamic response capability is weak and cannot meet the use requirements of hydrogen fuel cells for high hydrogen supply rate requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a dual-storage and dual-release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage and a heat control method thereof. By separating the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit, and using the heat regulation unit as a bridge to transfer heat between the two, the heat transfer process is effectively controlled and optimized, and the efficiency of thermal management of the hydrogen storage and release process is significantly improved. The capacity and rate of hydrogen storage and heat storage can be adjusted according to actual application requirements, further enhancing its applicability in different scenarios.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A first aspect of the present invention provides a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage.

[0009] A dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage, comprising a metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, a phase change heat storage unit and a heat regulation unit; a hydrogen storage heat conduction pipe is provided in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, a heat storage heat conduction pipe is provided in the phase change heat storage unit, and temperature sensors are provided on both the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit;

[0010] The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is filled with metal hydride for storing and releasing hydrogen;

[0011] The phase change heat storage unit is filled with phase change material for storing and releasing heat;

[0012] A heat exchange fluid medium is placed inside the heat regulation unit, and the heat regulation unit is connected to the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage heat conduction pipe and the inlet and outlet of the heat storage heat conduction pipe respectively through a heat exchange medium delivery pipeline to form a closed pipeline; an electromagnetic valve is provided on the heat exchange medium delivery pipeline, and the opening of the electromagnetic valve is adjusted according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid medium.

[0013] Furthermore, the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is provided as a single one, or a plurality of metal hydride hydrogen storage units are provided in parallel.

[0014] Furthermore, the phase-change heat storage unit is provided as a single unit, or the phase-change heat storage unit is provided as a plurality of units in series.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage heat conducting pipe and the heat storage heat conducting pipe are straight pipes, spiral pipes, special-shaped pipes or radiation pipes.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat regulating unit is a vertical storage tank that is naturally stratified based on temperature difference.

[0017] Furthermore, a heat exchange medium circulation pump, a flow meter and a temperature sensor are provided on the heat exchange medium delivery pipeline.

[0018] Furthermore, the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is connected to a hydrogen storage pipeline, and a hydrogen cylinder, a first hydrogen pump, a first hydrogen valve, a first pressure sensor and a first flow meter are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen storage pipeline.

[0019] Furthermore, the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is connected to a hydrogen supply pipeline, and a second hydrogen valve, a second hydrogen pump, a sixth flow meter, a second pressure sensor and a hydrogen buffer tank are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0020] Furthermore, fins are provided on the hydrogen storage heat conducting pipe and the heat storage heat conducting pipe, and the types of the fins are longitudinal fins, annular fins, tapered fins, tree-shaped fins or snowflake-shaped fins.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a heat control method for a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage as described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0022] A temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit, and according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the opening of the solenoid valve on the heat transfer medium delivery pipeline is adjusted to regulate the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid medium.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The dual storage and discharge system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage described in the present invention effectively controls and optimizes the heat transfer process by separating the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit, using the heat regulation unit as a bridge for heat transfer between the two, and significantly improving the efficiency of thermal management during the hydrogen storage and discharge process.

[0025] 2. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage described in the present invention uses phase change materials to recycle the reaction heat released during the metal hydride hydrogen storage process, realizing a thermal self-driven cycle, saving external heating / cooling devices, reducing energy consumption, and improving the energy utilization rate of the system.

[0026] 3. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage described in the present invention is highly flexible and can adjust the capacity and rate of hydrogen storage and heat storage according to actual application requirements, further enhancing its applicability in different scenarios.

[0027] 4. The dual-storage and dual-release system based on hydrogen storage and phase-change heat storage described in the present invention increases the system's hydrogen storage capacity by setting up multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage units in parallel, and improves the system's heat storage capacity by setting up multiple phase-change heat storage units in series. The flexible regulation of the heat transfer process by the heat regulation unit improves thermal management efficiency. The integrated system adopts a modular design, which is convenient for assembly, maintenance and expansion, and can adapt to application scenarios of different scales and requirements.

[0028] 5. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage described in the present invention can be applied in distributed power generation systems, portable energy supply systems and industrial thermal management fields, and can meet the hydrogen supply demand under transient loads in hydrogen-using occasions using metal hydride hydrogen storage as the hydrogen source.

[0029] 6. The heat control method of the dual-storage and dual-release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage described in the present invention is equipped with a heat control unit, uses a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit, and then controls the valve opening of the heat control unit, thereby achieving efficient and flexible control of the heat exchange medium flow, thereby optimizing the system's thermal management strategy; compared with traditional metal hydride and phase change heat storage heat transfer methods, the control strategy that uses the heat exchange medium flow output by the heat control unit as the control target has faster and more stable dynamic responsiveness, improves the stability of the hydrogen storage and release process, and meets the hydrogen storage and release rate requirements under different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage, comprising a single metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and a phase change heat storage unit according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage, comprising multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage units and phase change heat storage units according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the heat control method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention, and do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the present invention, terms such as "fixed connection," "connected," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly to mean a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary. Relevant researchers or technicians in this field may determine the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances, and they should not be construed as limitations of the present invention.

[0039] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Example 1 of the present invention provides a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage.

[0042] In response to the significant demands for efficient energy utilization and low-carbon transformation, there is an urgent need for a high-density, fast-response, and flexibly regulated dual-storage and dual-release system of metal hydride hydrogen storage coupled with phase change heat storage. This system can clarify the coordinated matching of hydrogen storage and release with heat storage and release in the time dimension, improve thermal management efficiency, and achieve synergistic efficiency between phase change heat storage and metal hydride hydrogen storage, which has important theoretical significance and engineering application value.

[0043] This embodiment provides a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage. The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit are separately provided. A heat regulation unit is provided as a control object. Heat exchange fluid is distributed according to the hydrogen storage and release rate requirements. This connection method can effectively control the heat transfer process in the system, expand the adjustment range of the system's hydrogen storage and release rates, and meet various hydrogen supply rate requirements.

[0044] In addition, the dual storage and dual release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage provided in this embodiment solves the key problem of low thermal management efficiency of traditional integrated hydrogen storage and release, improves the efficiency of heat recovery and full utilization during hydrogen storage and release, and realizes efficient management and flexible regulation of heat during hydrogen storage and release and heat storage and release.

[0045] The dual storage and dual release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage provided in this embodiment includes a metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7, a heat regulation unit 10, a phase change heat storage unit 12, a heat exchange medium transmission pipeline, and a hydrogen transmission pipeline.

[0046] As an implementation method, Figure 1 As shown, a single metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 is used to store and release hydrogen.

[0047] As another embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of metal hydride hydrogen storage units 7 are used, and the plurality of metal hydride hydrogen storage units 7 are arranged in parallel to increase the hydrogen storage capacity and enhance the hydrogen storage capacity of the system.

[0048] The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 is filled with metal hydride 8, and a single or multiple hydrogen storage heat pipes 9 are arranged at the center, through which heat exchange fluid flows. A second temperature sensor 20 is arranged in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7.

[0049] Among them, the metal hydride includes but is not limited to one or a combination of materials such as LaNi5, Mg, Mg2Ni or MgH2, and thermal conductive particles are doped into the metal hydride, and the thermal conductive particles include but are not limited to one or a combination of materials such as expanded graphite, metal particles, carbon nanotubes, etc.

[0050] The heat exchange fluid medium includes but is not limited to water, thermal oil and other materials.

[0051] As an implementation method, Figure 1 As shown, a single phase change heat storage unit 12 is used to store and release heat.

[0052] As another embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of phase change heat storage units 12 are used, and the plurality of phase change heat storage units 12 are arranged in series to increase the heat storage capacity of the system and improve the overall thermal management efficiency and stability of the system.

[0053] The phase change heat storage unit 12 is filled with a phase change material 13 and is provided with one or more heat storage heat conducting pipes 14 at the center. A fifth temperature sensor 31 is provided in the phase change heat storage unit 12 .

[0054] The phase change material includes but is not limited to one or a combination of paraffin, fatty acid, salt, trihydrate LiNO3·3H2O and the like, and thermal conductive particles are doped into the phase change material, and the thermal conductive particles include but are not limited to one or a combination of materials such as expanded graphite, metal particles, carbon nanotubes and the like.

[0055] Among them, the pipe types of the hydrogen storage heat conducting pipe and the heat storage heat conducting pipe include but are not limited to one or a combination of straight pipe, spiral pipe, special-shaped pipe, radiation pipe, etc.

[0056] The heat regulation unit 10 is a vertical storage tank with a heat exchange fluid medium 11 placed inside, which is naturally stratified based on temperature difference. It connects the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit through a heat exchange medium delivery pipeline, and the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage heat pipe and the inlet and outlet of the heat storage heat pipe are respectively connected to the heat exchange medium delivery pipeline to form a closed pipeline. The flow rate of the heat exchange fluid medium can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific hydrogen storage and desorption rate requirements to achieve efficient heat management during the hydrogen storage and desorption process.

[0057] The heat exchange medium delivery pipeline includes a high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline and a low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline. Each delivery pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve, a heat exchange medium circulation pump, a flow meter, and a temperature sensor to ensure that the heat exchange medium can circulate and exchange heat efficiently.

[0058] Specifically, the heat exchange medium delivery pipeline includes: a first low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 15, a first high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 21, a second high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 26, and a second low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 32. The inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage heat conduction pipe are connected to the heat exchange medium delivery pipeline through the first low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 15 and the first high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 21; the inlet and outlet of the heat storage heat conduction pipe are connected to the heat exchange medium delivery pipeline through the second high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 26 and the second low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 32.

[0059] The first low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 15 is provided with a first solenoid valve 16, a first heat exchange medium circulation pump 17, a second flowmeter 18, and a first temperature sensor 19 in this order. The first high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 21 is provided with a third temperature sensor 22, a third flowmeter 23, a second heat exchange medium circulation pump 24, and a second solenoid valve 25 in this order. The second high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 26 is provided with a third solenoid valve 27, a third heat exchange medium circulation pump 28, a fourth flowmeter 29, and a fourth temperature sensor 30 in this order. The second low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 32 is provided with a sixth temperature sensor 33, a fifth flowmeter 34, a fourth heat exchange medium circulation pump 35, and a fourth solenoid valve 36 in this order.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, multiple heat exchange medium delivery pipelines realize heat exchange between different units and flow control of heat exchange medium through three-way valves 43, thereby enhancing the flexibility of heat regulation.

[0061] The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 is connected to a hydrogen delivery pipeline, which includes a hydrogen storage pipeline 2 and a hydrogen supply pipeline 37. A hydrogen cylinder 1, a first hydrogen pump 3, a first hydrogen valve 4, a first pressure sensor 5 and a first flow meter 6 are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen storage pipeline 2, and a second hydrogen valve (solenoid valve) 38, a second hydrogen pump 39, a sixth flow meter 40, a second pressure sensor 41 and a hydrogen buffer tank 42 are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline 37.

[0062] Fins are provided on the hydrogen storage heat conducting pipe and the heat storage heat conducting pipe, and the fin types include but are not limited to longitudinal fins, annular fins, tapered fins, tree-shaped fins, snowflake-shaped fins or a combination thereof.

[0063] The geometric structure types of metal hydride hydrogen storage units and phase change heat storage units include but are not limited to cylindrical, conical, anisotropic, and plate structures. The geometric structure can be optimized according to their respective heat and mass transfer characteristics to maximize the hydrogen storage and heat storage rates.

[0064] A thermal insulation layer is arranged on the outside of the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, the heat regulating unit and the phase change heat storage unit.

[0065] All pumps and valves are closed.

[0066] In the dual storage (hydrogen storage and heat storage) process, the hydrogen cylinder 1 provides hydrogen and is connected to the hydrogen storage pipeline. The hydrogen cylinder 1 transports the hydrogen to the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 through the first hydrogen pump 3 and the first hydrogen valve 4. The metal hydride filled in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 undergoes a hydrogen absorption reaction to release reaction heat, store hydrogen, and release a large amount of heat at the same time. The temperature in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 rises. When the second temperature sensor 20 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 detects the temperature T MHigher than the detection value T of the fifth temperature sensor 31 in the phase change heat storage unit 12 P At this time, the first heat exchange medium circulation pump 17 is started, the opening of the first solenoid valve 16 is adjusted, and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium is regulated. The first heat exchange medium circulation pump 17 drives the low-temperature heat exchange medium in the heat regulating unit 10 to be transported to the hydrogen storage heat conduction pipe 8 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7. The low-temperature heat exchange medium absorbs the reaction heat released by the metal hydride and heats up. The high-temperature heat exchange medium then returns to the heat regulating unit 10 through the first high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 21; at the same time, the third heat exchange medium circulation pump 28 is started, the opening of the third solenoid valve 27 is adjusted, and the heat exchange medium The third heat exchange medium circulation pump 28 drives the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the heat regulating unit 10 to be transported through the second high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 26 to the heat storage heat conduction pipe 13 in the phase change heat storage unit 12. The high-temperature heat exchange medium transfers heat to the phase change material. The phase change material 14 absorbs the heat transferred by the high-temperature heat exchange medium and undergoes phase change, storing the reaction heat in the form of sensible heat and latent heat. After the high-temperature heat exchange medium transfers heat, its temperature drops, and the low-temperature heat exchange medium finally returns to the heat regulating unit 10 through the second low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 32.

[0067] During the double release (hydrogen release and heat release) process, the metal hydride 9 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 undergoes a hydrogen release reaction, and hydrogen enters the hydrogen buffer tank through the second hydrogen valve and the second hydrogen pump. The hydrogen buffer tank plays a role in balancing pressure and flow fluctuations to supply hydrogen to hydrogen-using equipment. While releasing hydrogen, the metal hydride absorbs heat, causing the temperature in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 to drop. When the second temperature sensor 20 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 detects the temperature T M Lower than the temperature T detected by the fifth temperature sensor 31 in the heat storage unit 12 P When the second solenoid valve 25 is opened and the flow of the heat exchange medium is regulated, the second heat exchange medium circulation pump 24 is started, and the opening of the second solenoid valve 25 is adjusted. The second heat exchange medium circulation pump 24 drives the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the heat regulating unit 10 to be transported to the hydrogen storage heat conduction pipe 8 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 through the first high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 21. The high-temperature heat exchange medium releases heat to drive the hydrogen release reaction. After the high-temperature heat exchange medium transfers heat, the temperature drops, and the low-temperature heat exchange medium returns to the heat regulating unit 10 through the first low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 15. At the same time, The fourth heat exchange medium circulation pump 35 is started, and the opening of the fourth solenoid valve 36 is adjusted to control the flow of the heat exchange medium. The fourth heat exchange medium circulation pump 35 drives the low-temperature heat exchange medium in the heat regulation unit 10 to be transported through the second low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 32 to the heat storage heat conduction pipe 13 in the phase change heat storage unit 12. The phase change material 14 in the phase change heat storage unit 12 transfers the stored heat to the low-temperature heat exchange medium and undergoes a phase change. After absorbing the heat, the temperature of the low-temperature heat exchange medium increases and the medium finally returns to the heat regulation unit 10 through the second high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 26.

[0068] This embodiment provides a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage. The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is filled with metal hydride to achieve hydrogen storage and release; the phase change heat storage unit is filled with phase change material to achieve heat storage and release; a heat regulation unit is provided as a bridge for heat transfer between the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit, and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium is flexibly controlled according to the required hydrogen storage and release rate requirements.

[0069] The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage provided in this embodiment effectively solves the problem of low thermal management efficiency in the metal hydride hydrogen storage and release process, improves energy utilization and hydrogen storage and release rates, and simultaneously achieves efficient management and flexible regulation of heat in the hydrogen storage and release processes and the heat storage and release processes, meeting the hydrogen supply demand under transient loads in hydrogen-using occasions using metal hydride hydrogen storage as the hydrogen source.

[0070] The dual storage and discharge system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage provided in this embodiment realizes a thermal self-driven cycle by using phase change materials to recycle the reaction heat released during the metal hydride hydrogen storage process, saves external heating / cooling devices, reduces energy consumption, and improves the energy utilization rate of the system. At the same time, by separating the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit, and using the heat regulation unit as a bridge for heat transfer between the two, the heat transfer process is effectively controlled and optimized, and the efficiency of thermal management of the hydrogen storage and discharge process is significantly improved. In addition, the system is highly flexible and can adjust the capacity and rate of hydrogen storage and heat storage according to actual application requirements, further enhancing its applicability in different scenarios.

[0071] The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage provided in this embodiment increases the system's hydrogen storage capacity by arranging multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage units in parallel, and improves the system's heat storage capacity by arranging multiple phase change heat storage units in series. The flexible regulation of the heat transfer process by the heat regulation unit improves thermal management efficiency. The integrated system adopts a modular design, which facilitates assembly, maintenance, and expansion, and is adaptable to application scenarios of different scales and requirements.

[0072] The dual storage and dual release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage provided in this embodiment can be applied in distributed power generation systems, portable energy supply systems and industrial thermal management fields, and can meet the hydrogen supply demand under transient loads in hydrogen-using occasions using metal hydride hydrogen storage as the hydrogen source.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] Example 2 of the present invention provides a heat control method for a dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage as in Example 1. By setting a heat control unit, a temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit, and the opening of the solenoid valve on the heat exchange medium delivery pipeline connected to the heat control unit is regulated according to the detection result, thereby flexibly regulating the flow of the heat exchange medium, providing the required cooling and heating effects during the hydrogen storage and release processes respectively. Through the coordinated work of the heat control unit and the phase change heat storage unit, efficient thermal management of the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit during the hydrogen storage and release processes is achieved, thereby ensuring that the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit meets the hydrogen storage and release rate requirements under different working conditions. Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0075] In the dual storage (hydrogen storage and heat storage) process, the hydrogen cylinder 1 provides hydrogen and is connected to the hydrogen storage pipeline. The hydrogen cylinder 1 transports the hydrogen to the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 through the first hydrogen pump 3 and the first hydrogen valve 4. The metal hydride filled in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 undergoes a hydrogen absorption reaction to release reaction heat, store hydrogen, and release a large amount of heat at the same time. The temperature in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 rises. When the second temperature sensor 20 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 detects the temperature T M Higher than the detection value T of the fifth temperature sensor 31 in the phase change heat storage unit 12 P At this time, the first heat exchange medium circulation pump 17 is started, the opening of the first solenoid valve 16 is adjusted, and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium is regulated. The first heat exchange medium circulation pump 17 drives the low-temperature heat exchange medium in the heat regulating unit 10 to be transported to the hydrogen storage heat conduction pipe 8 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7. The low-temperature heat exchange medium absorbs the reaction heat released by the metal hydride and heats up. The high-temperature heat exchange medium then returns to the heat regulating unit 10 through the first high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline; at the same time, the third heat exchange medium circulation pump 28 is started, the opening of the third solenoid valve 27 is adjusted, and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium is regulated. The third heat exchange medium circulation pump 28 drives the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the heat regulating unit 10 to be transported through the second high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 26 to the heat storage heat conduction pipe 13 in the phase change heat storage unit 12. The high-temperature heat exchange medium transfers heat to the phase change material. The phase change material 14 absorbs the heat transferred by the high-temperature heat exchange medium and undergoes phase change, storing the reaction heat in the form of sensible heat and latent heat. After the high-temperature heat exchange medium transfers heat, its temperature drops, and the low-temperature heat exchange medium finally returns to the heat regulating unit 10 through the second low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 32.

[0076] During the double release (hydrogen release and heat release) process, the metal hydride 9 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 undergoes a hydrogen release reaction, and hydrogen enters the hydrogen buffer tank through the second hydrogen valve and the second hydrogen pump. The hydrogen buffer tank plays a role in balancing pressure and flow fluctuations to supply hydrogen to hydrogen-using equipment. While releasing hydrogen, the metal hydride absorbs heat, causing the temperature in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 to drop. When the second temperature sensor 20 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 detects the temperature T M Lower than the temperature T detected by the fifth temperature sensor 31 in the heat storage unit 12 P When the second solenoid valve 25 is opened and the flow of the heat exchange medium is regulated, the second heat exchange medium circulation pump 24 is started, and the opening of the second solenoid valve 25 is adjusted. The second heat exchange medium circulation pump 24 drives the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the heat regulating unit 10 to be transported to the hydrogen storage heat conduction pipe 8 in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit 7 through the first high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 21. The high-temperature heat exchange medium releases heat to drive the hydrogen release reaction. After the high-temperature heat exchange medium transfers heat, the temperature drops, and the low-temperature heat exchange medium returns to the heat regulating unit 10 through the first low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 15. At the same time, The fourth heat exchange medium circulation pump 35 is started, and the opening of the fourth solenoid valve 36 is adjusted to control the flow of the heat exchange medium. The fourth heat exchange medium circulation pump 35 drives the low-temperature heat exchange medium in the heat regulation unit 10 to be transported through the second low-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 32 to the heat storage heat conduction pipe 13 in the phase change heat storage unit 12. The phase change material 14 in the phase change heat storage unit 12 transfers the stored heat to the low-temperature heat exchange medium and undergoes a phase change. After absorbing the heat, the temperature of the low-temperature heat exchange medium increases and the medium finally returns to the heat regulation unit 10 through the second high-temperature heat exchange medium delivery pipeline 26.

[0077] The heat control method for a dual-storage, dual-discharge system based on hydrogen storage and phase-change heat storage provided in this embodiment is equipped with a heat control unit. Using a temperature sensor to detect the temperatures of the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase-change heat storage unit, the valve opening of the heat control unit is then controlled to achieve efficient and flexible control of the heat exchange medium flow rate, thereby optimizing the system's thermal management strategy. Compared with traditional heat transfer methods using metal hydride and phase-change heat storage, the control strategy that uses the heat exchange medium flow rate output by the heat control unit as the control target has faster and more stable dynamic responsiveness, improves the stability of the hydrogen storage and discharge process, and meets the hydrogen storage and discharge rate requirements under different operating conditions.

[0078] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage, comprising a metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, a phase change heat storage unit, and a heat regulation unit; a hydrogen storage heat pipe is provided in the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit, a heat storage heat pipe is provided in the phase change heat storage unit, and temperature sensors are provided on both the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit; The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is filled with metal hydride for storing and releasing hydrogen; The phase change heat storage unit is filled with phase change material for storing and releasing heat; A heat exchange fluid medium is placed inside the heat regulation unit, and the heat regulation unit is connected to the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage heat conduction pipe and the inlet and outlet of the heat storage heat conduction pipe respectively through a heat exchange medium delivery pipeline to form a closed pipeline; an electromagnetic valve is provided on the heat exchange medium delivery pipeline, and the opening of the electromagnetic valve is adjusted according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid medium.

2. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is provided as a single one, or a plurality of metal hydride hydrogen storage units are provided in parallel.

3. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-change heat storage unit is provided singly, or a plurality of phase-change heat storage units are provided in series.

4. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage heat conducting pipe and the heat storage heat conducting pipe are of straight pipe, spiral pipe, special-shaped pipe or radiation pipe.

5. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat regulating unit is a vertical storage tank that is naturally stratified based on temperature difference.

6. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium delivery pipeline is provided with a heat exchange medium circulation pump, a flow meter and a temperature sensor.

7. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is connected to a hydrogen storage pipeline, and a hydrogen cylinder, a first hydrogen pump, a first hydrogen valve, a first pressure sensor and a first flow meter are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen storage pipeline.

8. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal hydride hydrogen storage unit is connected to a hydrogen supply pipeline, and a second hydrogen valve, a second hydrogen pump, a sixth flow meter, a second pressure sensor and a hydrogen buffer tank are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

9. The dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fins are provided on the hydrogen storage heat conducting pipe and the heat storage heat conducting pipe. The types of the fins are longitudinal fins, annular fins, tapered fins, tree-shaped fins or snowflake-shaped fins.

10. The heat control method of the dual storage and release system based on hydrogen storage and phase change heat storage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the metal hydride hydrogen storage unit and the phase change heat storage unit, and according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the opening of the solenoid valve on the heat transfer medium delivery pipeline is adjusted to regulate the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid medium.

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