UWB antenna module for AOA positioning

Abstract

The invention provides a UWB antenna module for AOA positioning, which realizes high-precision 3D positioning. The module comprises a horizontal PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and a vertical PCB, wherein the vertical PCB is arranged on the horizontal PCB. The first antenna and the second antenna are monopole antennas and are arranged on the vertical PCB side by side along the horizontal direction; and the third antenna is a dipole antenna, is arranged on the vertical PCB, is positioned between the first antenna and the second antenna, and is staggered with the first antenna and the second antenna in the vertical height. The three antennas are all vertically polarized antennas, the angle difference between the phase center of the first antenna and the phase center of the second antenna and the phase center of the third antenna is smaller than 180 degrees, and the phase center is separated from the phase center by 1 / 2 wavelength so as to meet the phase requirement of 3D positioning. Through the structural design, the module realizes a miniaturized, high-isolation and high-performance 3D positioning function, and is suitable for the fields of vehicle-mounted, consumer electronics, Internet of Things and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to UWB (ultra-wideband) positioning technology, and in particular to a UWB antenna module used for AOA (angle of arrival) positioning. Background Art

[0002] UWB positioning technology is increasingly used in consumer electronics and automotive fields. The AOA algorithm can achieve 3D positioning with a single module. However, integrating antennas on UWB antenna modules to achieve 3D positioning faces the challenges of ensuring phase center consistency, high isolation and miniaturized design. In antenna design, it is necessary to ensure that the distance between antennas is close enough to meet the phase center requirements, and to ensure high isolation to avoid signal interference. These two indicators are often contradictory, making the design of miniaturized and high-isolation MIMO antennas a technical challenge. Existing technologies usually need to compromise on performance, either sacrificing the consistency of the phase center, or reducing the isolation, or increasing the size of the antenna to meet the requirements, but these solutions cannot take into account the needs of miniaturization and high performance at the same time.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used for understanding the background of the present application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the above-mentioned background technology and provide a UWB antenna module for AOA positioning.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A UWB antenna module for AOA positioning, comprising:

[0007] Horizontal PCB board;

[0008] A vertical PCB board is set on the horizontal PCB board;

[0009] The first antenna and the second antenna are monopole antennas and are arranged side by side on the vertical PCB board in a horizontal direction;

[0010] A third antenna is a dipole antenna, which is disposed on the vertical PCB board, is located between the first antenna and the second antenna in the horizontal direction, and is offset from the first antenna and the second antenna in the vertical height;

[0011] Among them, the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are all vertically polarized antennas, the angle difference between the phase center of the first antenna and the second antenna and the phase center of the third antenna is less than 180°, and the phase centers are 1 / 2 wavelength apart to meet the phase requirements of 3D positioning.

[0012] Furthermore, the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna are T-shaped antennas, L-shaped antennas, or straight-shaped antennas.

[0013] Further, the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are all arranged on the same surface of the vertical PCB board, or, the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged on the first surface of the vertical PCB board, and the third antenna is arranged on the second surface of the vertical PCB board, or, one or more of the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are located in the inner layer of the vertical PCB board.

[0014] Furthermore, the center distance between the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna is less than 0.5 wavelength, and the isolation is greater than 15 dB.

[0015] Furthermore, the first antenna and the second antenna are symmetrical to achieve the same phase.

[0016] Furthermore, the first antenna and the second antenna are fed on the horizontal PCB board.

[0017] Furthermore, the third antenna includes two upper and lower arrays, and is fed at a connection position between the two arrays.

[0018] Furthermore, the two arrays are an upper T-shaped array and a lower inverted T-shaped array.

[0019] Furthermore, the feeding positions of the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are connected to the control module through a coaxial line or a microstrip line.

[0020] Furthermore, the line lengths from the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna to the control module remain equal, so that the initial phase of each antenna is the same.

[0021] A UWB antenna device comprises the UWB antenna module and a control module, wherein the control module is connected to the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna, and is used for controlling the reception and transmission of signals, and processing an AOA algorithm to realize 3D positioning.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a UWB antenna module for AOA positioning. Through the triangular staggered layout of a dipole antenna and two monopole antennas, an omnidirectional antenna design with high isolation and high cross-polarization ratio is realized, and 3D positioning can be realized within a 180-degree space. Through the miniaturized array design of multiple antennas, the phase center distance between the antennas is less than 180°, and the phase centers are 1 / 2 wavelength apart. Combined with the AOA algorithm, 3D positioning can be accurately performed. The third antenna is staggered with the first and second antennas in vertical height to form a certain height difference, which not only realizes the positioning of the UWB in pitch angle, but also ensures high isolation between the antennas. The miniaturized design of the three-unit MIMO antenna not only realizes the high performance of a single antenna, but also ensures the high performance between the three antennas. The advantage of the present invention lies in the ingenious combination of the triangular staggered design and the miniaturized antenna. The three antennas are placed vertically to meet the isolation requirements, and are suitable for multiple technical fields such as the automotive field, consumer electronics, and the Internet of Things.

[0024] Other beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of positioning of a UWB antenna module used for AOA positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 are S11 parameters of the three antennas in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 is the isolation between antennas in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 FIG. 4 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern of the T-type antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a horizontal plane radiation diagram of the I-shaped antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, connection can be used for fixing as well as for coupling or communication.

[0033] It should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a UWB antenna module for AOA positioning, comprising: a horizontal PCB board 4; a vertical PCB board 5, which is set on the horizontal PCB board 4; a first antenna 1 and a second antenna 2, which are monopole antennas, are arranged side by side on the vertical PCB board 5 in the horizontal direction; a third antenna 3, which is a dipole antenna, is arranged on the vertical PCB board 5, is located between the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 in the horizontal direction, and is offset from the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 in the vertical height; wherein the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2 and the third antenna 3 are all vertically polarized antennas, and the angle difference between the phase center of the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 and the phase center of the third antenna 3 is less than 180°, and the phase centers are 1 / 2 wavelength apart to meet the phase requirements of 3D positioning. Through this structural design, the module realizes miniaturization, high isolation and high performance 3D positioning functions.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2, and the third antenna 3 may be T-type antennas (see Figure 1 ), L-shaped antenna or straight-shaped antenna, etc.

[0037] See also Figure 1In a preferred embodiment, the third antenna 3 includes two upper and lower arrays, and is fed at the connection position between the two arrays. In a preferred embodiment, the two arrays are an upper T-shaped array and a lower inverted T-shaped array.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2, and the third antenna 3 are all disposed on the same surface of the vertical PCB board 5. In other embodiments, the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are disposed on the first surface of the vertical PCB board 5, and the third antenna 3 is disposed on the second surface of the vertical PCB board 5. In still other embodiments, one or more of the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2, and the third antenna 3 are located in an inner layer of the vertical PCB board 5.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the center distance between the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2 and the third antenna 3 is less than 0.5 wavelength, and the isolation is greater than 15 dB.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are symmetrical to achieve the same phase.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are fed on the horizontal PCB board 4 .

[0042] In some embodiments, the feeding positions of the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2 and the third antenna 3 are connected to a control module (not shown) via a coaxial line or a microstrip line. Preferably, the line lengths from the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2 and the third antenna 3 to the control module are kept equal so that the initial phases of each antenna are the same.

[0043] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a UWB antenna device, including the UWB antenna module and a control module, wherein the control module (not shown) is connected to the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2 and the third antenna 3, and is used to control the reception and transmission of signals, and process the AOA algorithm to achieve 3D positioning.

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below.

[0045] A UWB antenna module for AOA positioning includes two PCB boards and three antennas, wherein a horizontal PCB board 4 serves as a ground for a first antenna 1 and a second antenna 2, and three antennas are arranged on one side of a vertical PCB board 5. The phase centers of the three antennas are 1 / 2 wavelength apart. The first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are T-type monopole antennas respectively. The third antenna 3 is a dipole antenna, including two upper and lower T-type antenna arrays. All three antennas are vertically polarized antennas. The third antenna 3 is misaligned with the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2, and has a certain height difference, so as to realize the positioning of UWB at the pitch angle and achieve good isolation. The three antennas of this embodiment adopt a T-type structure, which has a smaller UWB antenna size, especially height. The antenna miniaturization can be better realized. Another advantage of the T-type antenna design is that the bandwidth can be extended. The T-type antenna has two modes, symmetrical mode and asymmetrical mode, and has a wider bandwidth than the L-type antenna. The first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are completely symmetrical, and feeding is realized on the horizontal floor, so that the two antennas can have the same phase. The third antenna 3 is composed of two upper and lower arrays, and is fed between the two arrays. The feeding positions of the three antennas are connected to the control module through a coaxial line or a microstrip line. The line length from each antenna to the module is kept equal, so that the initial phase of each antenna can be guaranteed to be the same. In this preferred embodiment, the design of the T-type dipole antenna and the T-type monopole antenna achieves the goal of reducing the antenna height and increasing the bandwidth, thereby meeting the requirements of antenna miniaturization and high performance.

[0046] The three antennas are arranged in a cross-arrangement manner and can be distributed on both sides of the PCB, or some antennas can be embedded in the inner layer of the PCB to achieve a compact layout. All three antennas are vertically polarized antennas, but can be in different forms, such as T-shaped, L-shaped or I-shaped, providing design flexibility. In addition to the T-shaped antenna in the aforementioned embodiment, the first antenna 1, the first antenna 2 and the third antenna 3 can also adopt L-shaped or I-shaped antennas to meet different application scenarios. In addition, the antenna can be set on the surface of the PCB or buried in the inner layer of the PCB. The staggered arrangement of the antenna is used to optimize space utilization and isolation.

[0047] like Figure 2As shown, the first antenna 1 (A), the second antenna 2 (B) and the third antenna 3 (Z) constitute an antenna array. The first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are located in the same horizontal plane, while the third antenna 3 is offset from the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 in vertical height. Taking the base plate as the reference plane, the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 receive signals from the point signal source D, and the position of the signal source on the base plate plane can be inferred by the phase difference. The positioning range is within the 180-degree space in front. Similarly, taking the antenna board as the reference plane, the first antenna 1 and the third antenna 3 (or the second antenna 2 and the third antenna 3) receive signals, and the position of the signal source on the antenna board plane can be inferred by the phase difference, and the positioning range is also within the 180-degree space in front. Combining these two sets of phase differences, the horizontal angle and pitch angle of the signal source in front of the antenna can be calculated, thereby achieving 3D-180-degree positioning.

[0048] Through the miniaturized array design of multiple antennas, the phase center distance between antennas is less than 180°, and combined with the AOA algorithm, high-precision 3D positioning can be achieved. The miniaturized design of the three-unit MIMO antenna not only achieves the high performance of a single antenna, but also ensures the high performance between the three antennas. Through the combination of a dipole antenna and two monopole antennas, as well as a triangular staggered layout, an omnidirectional antenna design with high isolation and high cross-polarization ratio is achieved, which can achieve 3D positioning within a 180-degree space.

[0049] Performance Testing

[0050] Figure 3 is the S11 parameter of the antenna, given by Figure 3 It can be seen that the S11 parameters at 8GHz are all below -10dB, which has a good input impedance. Figure 4 is the isolation between antennas, given by Figure 4 It can be seen that the isolation between antennas is less than -10dB, and the mutual interference is very small. Figure 5 is the horizontal plane radiation pattern of the T-type antenna (where the horizontal plane angle is the phi value and the radius represents the antenna radiation intensity dBi value), Figure 5 It can be seen that the horizontal plane omnidirectionality is very good, and the vertical polarization is dominant. Figure 6 is the horizontal plane radiation pattern of the I-type antenna, Figure 6 It can be seen that the horizontal plane omnidirectionality is very good, and the vertical polarization is dominant.

[0051] The advantage of the present invention lies in the ingenious combination of the triangular dislocation design and the miniaturized antenna. The three antennas are placed vertically, and the center distance is less than 0.5 wavelength, which meets the isolation requirement. The design is suitable for multiple technical fields such as automotive, consumer electronics, and the Internet of Things, and has broad application prospects.

[0052] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific / preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, it can also make several substitutions or modifications to these described embodiments, and these substitutions or modifications should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the description of the reference terms "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "preferred embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily target the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In the absence of mutual contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of protection of the patent application.

Claims

1. A UWB antenna module for AOA positioning, characterized in that: include: Horizontal PCB board; A vertical PCB board is set on the horizontal PCB board; The first antenna and the second antenna are monopole antennas and are arranged side by side on the vertical PCB board in a horizontal direction; A third antenna is a dipole antenna, which is disposed on the vertical PCB board, is located between the first antenna and the second antenna in the horizontal direction, and is offset from the first antenna and the second antenna in the vertical height; Among them, the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are all vertically polarized antennas, the angle difference between the phase center of the first antenna and the second antenna and the phase center of the third antenna is less than 180°, and the phase centers are 1 / 2 wavelength apart to meet the phase requirements of 3D positioning.

2. The UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna are T-shaped antennas, L-shaped antennas, or straight-shaped antennas.

3. The UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are all arranged on the same surface of the vertical PCB board, or, the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged on the first surface of the vertical PCB board, and the third antenna is arranged on the second surface of the vertical PCB board, or, one or more of the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are located in the inner layer of the vertical PCB board.

4. The UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The center distance between the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna is less than 0.5 wavelength, and the isolation is greater than 15 dB.

5. The UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first antenna and the second antenna are symmetrical to achieve the same phase.

6. The UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first antenna and the second antenna are fed on the horizontal PCB board.

7. The UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The third antenna includes two upper and lower arrays, and is fed at the connection position between the two arrays.

8. The UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two arrays are an upper T-shaped array and a lower inverted T-shaped array.

9. The UWB antenna module for AOA positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The feeding positions of the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are connected to the control module through a coaxial line or a microstrip line; preferably, the line lengths from the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna to the control module remain equal so that the initial phase of each antenna is the same.

10. A UWB antenna device, characterized in that: It comprises the UWB antenna module and the control module as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the control module is connected to the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna, and is used for controlling the reception and transmission of signals, and processing the AOA algorithm to realize 3D positioning.

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