Composite non-stick coatings, cookware and cooking utensils

Abstract

This invention provides a composite non-stick coating, cookware, and cooking utensils. The composite non-stick coating comprises: a rigid skeleton having pores, wherein any cross-section of the rigid skeleton has multiple concave-convex structures, and a height difference exists between the protruding and recessed portions of the concave-convex structures; and a non-stick filler filling the pores. Thus, the rigid skeleton provides good wear resistance to the composite non-stick coating, and the non-stick filler provides good non-stick properties. Therefore, when this composite non-stick coating is used in cookware, it is not easily worn away during cooking and cleaning. The excellent non-stick properties improve the performance of the cookware, enhance the user's cooking experience, and ensure a good taste for food.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical appliance technology, specifically to composite non-stick coatings, cookware, and cooking utensils. Background Technology

[0002] As people's demand for easy-to-clean cooking utensils continues to increase, non-stick coatings are becoming increasingly common in woks. However, traditional non-stick coatings suffer from low hardness and poor wear resistance, making them susceptible to damage from metal spatulas and steel wool. While traditional metal cookware, such as stainless steel and iron pans, can be cooked with metal spatulas and cleaned with steel wool, their lack of non-stick properties results in a less than ideal cooking experience. To address the issues of short lifespan, poor wear resistance, and easy peeling of non-stick coatings, the industry has begun researching the lotus leaf effect, engraving micro-nano structures on the pan's surface to achieve a wear-resistant non-stick effect. However, this physical non-stick layer primarily relies on the uneven structure to lock in oil, achieving a degree of non-stickness through the oil film on the pan's surface after heating. This is not a true non-stick pan, and its actual performance falls far short of market expectations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a composite non-stick coating that exhibits good non-stick properties and abrasion resistance.

[0004] In one aspect, the present invention provides a composite non-stick coating. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the composite non-stick coating comprises: a rigid skeleton having pores, wherein any cross-section of the rigid skeleton has a plurality of concave-convex structures, and a height difference exists between the protruding portions and recessed portions of the concave-convex structures; and a non-stick filler filling the pores. Thus, the rigid skeleton provides good wear resistance to the composite non-stick coating, and the non-stick filler provides good non-stick properties. Therefore, when the composite non-stick coating is used in cookware, it is not easily worn away during cooking and cleaning. The good non-stick properties improve the performance of the cookware, enhance the user's cooking experience, and ensure a good taste for the food.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the raw material used to form the rigid skeleton is a hard particle with a particle size of R, and the height difference is 1 / 10R to 1 / 2R.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the height difference is 5 μm to 50 μm.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rigid skeleton is formed by a thermal spraying process.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the composite non-stick coating is 1 mm in any cross-section or longitudinal section. 2Within the region, the area of ​​the protruding part is S. 凸 The area of ​​the recessed portion is S. 凹 Then S 凸 and S 凹 Satisfy: S 凸 / S 凹 =2~19.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thermal conductivity of the composite non-stick coating is 5 to 14 W / mK.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pores are interconnected in the rigid skeleton.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the porosity is 5% to 30%.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rigid skeleton is a metal-based skeleton, a ceramic-based skeleton, or a metal / ceramic-based skeleton.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the metal matrix framework is an iron-based alloy material, comprising iron and auxiliary raw materials, wherein the auxiliary raw materials include at least one of chromium, nickel, boron, silicon, carbon, molybdenum and oxygen, wherein the mass content of boron is 0.5% to 6%.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cookware further includes a transition layer located on at least a portion of the inner surface of the cookware body, and the composite non-stick coating located on at least a portion of the transition layer away from the cookware body.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the transition layer has a porous structure with a porosity of 1% to 20%, which is less than the porosity of the rigid skeleton.

[0016] In another aspect, the present invention provides a cookware. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cookware includes: a cookware body; and the aforementioned composite non-stick coating, said composite non-stick coating being disposed on the inner surface of the cookware body. Thus, the cookware possesses good wear resistance and non-stick properties, improving the cookware's performance and user experience. Those skilled in the art will understand that the cookware possesses all the features and advantages described above, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0017] In another aspect, the present invention provides a cooking utensil. This cooking utensil includes the aforementioned pot or pan. Therefore, the cooking utensil possesses good wear resistance and non-stick properties, improving its performance and user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the composite non-stick coating in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a partial scanning electron microscope image of the composite non-stick coating in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cookware structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cookware structure in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: composite non-stick coating 10, rigid skeleton 11, protrusion 111, non-stick filler 12, recess 112, cookware body 20, and transition layer 30. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0025] The present invention will now be described with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that these embodiments are merely descriptive and do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0026] In one aspect of the invention, a composite non-stick coating is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 ( Figure 2 (Scanning electron microscope image of a portion of the composite non-stick coating 10) The composite non-stick coating 10 includes: a rigid skeleton 11 having pores, and each cross-section of the rigid skeleton 11 having multiple concave-convex structures with a height difference D between the protruding portions 111 and the recessed portions 112 of the concave-convex structures; and a non-stick filler 12 filling the pores. Thus, the rigid skeleton provides good wear resistance to the composite non-stick coating, and the non-stick filler provides good non-stick properties. Therefore, when this composite non-stick coating is used in cookware, it is not easily worn away during cooking and cleaning. The good non-stick properties improve the performance of the cookware, enhance the user's cooking experience, and ensure a good taste for the food.

[0027] Here, the cross section refers to the cross section taken in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the composite non-stick coating, while the cross section taken in the thickness direction of the composite non-stick coating is the longitudinal section. Furthermore, the protruding portion 111 and the recessed portion 112 of the uneven structure are relative; that is, for adjacent protruding portions 111 and 112, if one is defined as a protruding portion, then the other is a recessed portion. The recessed space of the recessed portion forms pores for filling with non-stick filler, while the protruding portion is the rigid skeleton.

[0028] According to embodiments of the present invention, the rigid skeleton is formed by a thermal spraying process. Forming a rigid skeleton through thermal spraying effectively improves the bonding force between the rigid skeleton and the substrate (i.e., the raw material used to form the rigid skeleton is rigid particles thermally sprayed onto the substrate to form the rigid skeleton). The preparation process is mature and easy for industrial production. Those skilled in the art can adjust the thermal spraying process parameters according to actual needs to make the rigid skeleton a porous skeleton, i.e., possessing pores. According to some embodiments of the present invention, during the thermal spraying process, the surface of the rigid particles melts while the interior remains in a solid, semi-molten state. These semi-molten particles are sprayed onto the substrate to form a rigid skeleton with interconnected pores (i.e., pores are interconnected within the rigid skeleton), and the particles are metallurgically connected. The internal structure of the rigid skeleton consists of particles connected in a spherical stacking manner, with the gaps between the particles forming pores.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the raw material used to form the rigid skeleton is hard particles with a particle size of R. The height difference D is then 1 / 10R to 1 / 2R (e.g., height differences D of 1 / 10R, 1 / 9R, 1 / 8R, 1 / 7R, 1 / 6R, 1 / 5R, 1 / 4R, 1 / 3R, 1 / 2R). Therefore, those skilled in the art can control the pore size based on the size of the hard particles, thereby controlling the proportion of pores in the rigid skeleton. This allows for better control of the performance of the composite non-stick coating, enabling it to simultaneously possess good wear resistance and non-stick properties. In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the hard particles is 50 micrometers to 100 micrometers, and in some embodiments, the height difference is 5μm to 50μm (e.g., 5μm, 10μm, 15μm, 20μm, 25μm, 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm, 50μm). In this way, the depth of the pores in the recess is appropriate, which can effectively fill the non-stick filler without making the pore depth too deep, resulting in the actual thickness of the skeleton at this point being too thin and affecting the strength of the hard skeleton.

[0030] It should be noted that in products with the same composite non-stick coating, the heights at different locations may vary, as long as the height difference is between 1 / 10R and 1 / 2R. In products with the same composite non-stick coating, the height difference should be between 5μm and 50μm.

[0031] In some embodiments, the thickness of the composite non-stick coating is 50μm to 300μm, that is, the maximum thickness of the rigid skeleton is 50μm to 300μm. This provides the composite non-stick coating with good strength and allows it to adhere well to the substrate, improving the interlayer bonding force between the two. If the thickness of the composite non-stick coating is less than 50μm, there is a risk of wear through after long-term use, which cannot fully meet the user's long-term use requirements. If the thickness of the composite non-stick coating exceeds 300μm, it does not substantially help the product's service life. On the contrary, the excessive thickness of the composite non-stick coating will reduce the interfacial bonding strength between the composite non-stick coating and the substrate layer.

[0032] According to embodiments of the present invention, the porosity is 5% to 30%, such as 5%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 28%, and 30%. This appropriate porosity effectively satisfies the filling requirements of the non-stick filler, resulting in a composite non-stick coating with good non-stick properties and simultaneously good wear resistance. If the porosity is less than 5%, the proportion of the non-stick surface area is too low, limiting the non-stick effect. If the porosity is greater than 30%, the rigid skeleton will be relatively loose, affecting the wear resistance and structural stability of the rigid skeleton.

[0033] Furthermore, the pore width is between 5μm and 150μm. This effectively ensures that the non-stick filler can smoothly fill the pores while maintaining the good hardness of the rigid framework. If the pore size is less than 5μm, not only are the emulsion penetration channels of the non-stick filler narrow, affecting the filling effect, but the emulsion also has to overcome the additional pressure from surface tension when penetrating into the pores, further impacting penetration. If the pore size is greater than 150μm, the porous rigid framework becomes relatively loose. Although the emulsion penetration of the non-stick filler becomes easier, the overall structural strength of the porous rigid framework decreases, making it more susceptible to damage. The non-stick filler emulsion can penetrate into the pores of the porous framework using methods such as vortexing, ultrasound, or negative pressure. It should be noted that in the same composite non-stick coating product, the pore width may vary at different locations, as long as it is between 5μm and 150μm.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the composite non-stick coating is 1 mm in any cross-section or longitudinal section. 2 Within the region, the area of ​​the protruding part is S. 凸 The area of ​​the concave part is S 凹 Then S 凸 and S 凹 Satisfy: S 凸 / S 凹 =2~19 (e.g., S) 凸 / S 凹 =2, S凸 / S 凹 =3, S 凸 / S 凹 =4, S 凸 / S 凹 =5, S 凸 / S 凹 =6, S 凸 / S 凹 =7, S 凸 / S 凹 =8, S 凸 / S 凹 =9, S 凸 / S 凹 =10, S 凸 / S 凹 =11, S 凸 / S 凹 =12, S 凸 / S 凹 =13, S 凸 / S 凹 =14, S 凸 / S 凹 =15, S 凸 / S 凹 =16, S 凸 / S 凹 =17, S 凸 / S 凹 =18, S 凸 / S 凹 =19). S 凸 / S 凹 The ratio of S affects the non-stick and abrasion resistance of the composite non-stick coating. 凸 and S 凹 The ratio range can well meet the requirements of non-stick and wear resistance when composite non-stick coatings are used in cookware; when S 凸 / S 凹 When the value is less than 2, the proportion of the rigid skeleton in the protruding part is too small, the wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating is relatively poor, and the composite non-stick coating is easily worn away during cooking and cleaning; when S 凸 / S 凹 When the value is greater than 19, the proportion of non-stick filler in the recessed area is too small, the non-stick properties of the composite non-stick coating are relatively poor, and it is relatively difficult to clean.

[0035] It should be noted that in products with the same composite non-stick coating, the composite non-stick coating may vary by 1 mm in different cross-sections or longitudinal sections. 2 Within the area, S 凸 / S 凹 The values ​​can be the same or different. If they are different, they can be between 2 and 19.

[0036] According to embodiments of the present invention, the thermal conductivity of the composite non-stick coating is 5–14 W / mK, for example, 5 W / mK, 6 W / mK, 7 W / mK, 8 W / mK, 9 W / mK, 10 W / mK, 11 W / mK, 12 W / mK, 13 W / mK, or 14 W / mK. The composite non-stick coating of the present invention with the above-described structure still possesses good thermal conductivity, ensuring good heating performance of the cookware.

[0037] According to embodiments of the present invention, the rigid skeleton is a metal-based skeleton, a ceramic-based skeleton, or a metal / ceramic-based skeleton. Rigid skeletons made of the above materials exhibit excellent wear resistance and thermal conductivity, meeting the requirements for cookware use.

[0038] Furthermore, the metal matrix framework is an iron-based alloy material, comprising iron and auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials include at least one of chromium, nickel, boron, silicon, carbon, molybdenum, and oxygen. Therefore, Fe is chosen as the main element because it has low cost, good thermal conductivity, and excellent wear resistance, which can well meet the requirements of cookware. Additionally, Fe has been used in cookware since ancient times, and is well-accepted by users. The addition of Cr and Ni helps improve the corrosion resistance of the composite non-stick coating, solving the problem of iron pots easily rusting. C, B, and Si can form a high-hardness ceramic phase with Fe, increasing the material's hardness. O can form a Cr2O3 protective film with Cr, which also helps improve the corrosion resistance of the composite non-stick coating. In some embodiments, the iron-based alloy material includes iron and auxiliary materials, wherein the boron (B) content is 0.5% to 6% by mass. If the B content exceeds 6%, it will excessively consume the Cr element in the iron-based alloy, reducing the corrosion resistance of the iron-based alloy, and consequently reducing the corrosion resistance of the metal matrix.

[0039] According to embodiments of the present invention, the non-stick filler is an organic or inorganic non-stick material containing fluorine or silicon, such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFA (a copolymer of a small amount of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether and polytetrafluoroethylene), fluorosilanes, siloxanes, etc. Therefore, the aforementioned non-stick filler is a low surface energy wetting material, a nano- or ultrafine nanometer-scale superhydrophobic medium, and the non-stick filler can ensure unimpeded passage through the smallest pores within the rigid framework.

[0040] In another aspect, the present invention provides a cookware. According to an embodiment of the invention, see... Figure 3 The cookware includes: a cookware body 20; and the aforementioned composite non-stick coating 10, which is disposed on the inner surface of the cookware body 20. Therefore, the cookware possesses excellent wear resistance and non-stick properties, improving its performance and user experience. Those skilled in the art will understand that the cookware possesses all the features and advantages described above, which will not be elaborated upon further here. The inner surface refers to the surface of the cookware body closest to the cooking space.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 4 The cookware also includes a transition layer 30, which is located on at least a portion of the inner surface of the cookware body 20, and the composite non-stick coating 10 is located on at least a portion of the transition layer 30 away from the cookware body 20. The transition layer further enhances the bonding strength between the composite non-stick coating 10 and the cookware body 20, thereby further improving the overall structural stability of the cookware and extending its service life.

[0042] According to embodiments of the present invention, the transition layer has a porous structure, which can be integrally formed with the rigid skeleton. This better ensures the integrity of the rigid skeleton and the transition layer, thereby improving the structural stability of the cookware. In some embodiments, the rigid skeleton and the transition layer can be prepared using the same method and the same material, such as thermal spraying. Thus, the rigid skeleton and the transition layer can be prepared in a single process, requiring only the adjustment of certain process parameters. This results in stronger connectivity between the rigid skeleton and the transition layer, further improving the bonding strength between them and between the layers.

[0043] In some embodiments, the transition layer has a porous structure with a porosity of 1% to 20%, wherein the porosity of the transition layer can be 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, etc., and the porosity of the transition layer is less than or equal to the porosity of the rigid skeleton. Therefore, the porous structure is denser than the rigid skeleton, which can further improve the bonding strength between the composite non-stick coating and the cookware body, and also further improve the corrosion resistance of the composite non-stick coating. Furthermore, the porosity of the transition layer gradually increases towards the rigid skeleton (for example, it can gradually increase from a porosity of 1% to the porosity of the rigid skeleton), meaning the structure is denser on the side closer to the cookware body, which can further improve the bonding strength between the composite non-stick coating and the cookware body, and also further improve the corrosion resistance of the composite non-stick coating.

[0044] In another aspect, the present invention provides a cooking utensil. This cooking utensil includes the aforementioned pot or pan. Therefore, the cooking utensil possesses good wear resistance and non-stick properties, improving its performance and user experience.

[0045] According to embodiments of the present invention, there are limitations on the specific types of cooking equipment. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select according to actual needs. For example, cooking equipment can be rice cookers (with pots forming the inner pot of the rice cooker), pressure cookers (with pots forming the inner pot of the pressure cooker), frying pans, milk pans, grill pans, and other cooking equipment.

[0046] Example

[0047] Example

[0048] The composite non-stick coating comprises a rigid skeleton and a non-stick filler. The rigid skeleton has pores, and any cross-section of the rigid skeleton has multiple concave and convex structures with a height difference between the protruding and recessed parts of the concave and convex structures. The non-stick filler fills the pores. The thickness of the composite non-stick coating is 200 micrometers. The rigid skeleton is an iron-based alloy material, and the non-stick filler is a fluorosilane. Different embodiments also satisfy the parameter conditions shown in Table 2 below. The wear resistance and non-stick properties of the composite non-stick coatings obtained in each embodiment are tested, and the test results of each embodiment are evaluated according to Table 1. The specific test methods are as follows:

[0049] Abrasion resistance test method:

[0050] 1) After washing the cooking utensils, fix them on the abrasion tester, set the frequency to 33 times / min, apply a downward force of 15N, and use a scouring pad (3M7447B) with a length of 70mm±5mm and a width of 30mm±5mm, with a back-and-forth movement distance of 100mm.

[0051] 2) Start the testing machine. Replace the scouring pad every 500 cycles and observe with a 10x magnifying glass. If the non-stick surface shows more than 1mm of exposed substrate surface scratches or 10 linear scratches longer than 2mm that expose the substrate, stop the test.

[0052] 3) Record the number of cycles N, based on the total number of cycles before the experiment is terminated.

[0053] Non-stickiness test method:

[0054] 1) Pour an appropriate amount of vegetable oil into the cooking utensil, wipe the non-stick surface with a soft cloth until it is evenly coated; wash with warm water above 60℃ and a neutral detergent, then rinse with clean water and dry.

[0055] 2) Place the cooking appliance on an electric ceramic stove with a rated voltage of 220V and an output power of 1kW and heat it. Use a surface thermometer with an accuracy of not less than 2.5 to measure the surface temperature of the inner coating. When the surface temperature reaches 150℃~170℃, crack a fresh egg and put it into the cooking appliance. Wait until the egg white is basically solidified (the surface temperature of the inner coating should not exceed 210℃ during the entire cooking process).

[0056] 3) Use a plastic spatula with a blade thickness of 0.2mm to 0.5mm to carefully remove the egg. If any egg residue remains, gently remove it with a damp sponge or gauze.

[0057] 4) Repeat steps 3) and 4) a total of 3 times and observe.

[0058] Table 1 Evaluation of the non-stickiness test results of fried eggs

[0059]

[0060] Table 2 Parameter conditions for each embodiment

[0061] Height difference Porosity <![CDATA[S 凸 / S 凹 Value abrasion resistance non-stick Example 1 5μm~50μm 28％ 1～4 80,000 times Level I Example 2 5μm~50μm 20％ 2～16 100,000 times Level I Example 3 5μm~50μm 8％ 5～18 250,000 times Level II Example 4 5μm~50μm 10％ 2～19 220,000 times Level II Example 5 5μm~50μm 15％ 2～19 160,000 times Level II Example 6 5μm~50μm 4％ 17～25 300,000 times Level III Example 7 2μm~8μm 5％ 2～19 280,000 times Level III Example 8 45μm~60μm 30％ 2～19 50,000 times Level III

[0062] Note: Porosity = S 凹 / (S 凸 +S 凹 Therefore, porosity is related to S. 凸 / S 凹 The values ​​are related, S 凸 / S 凹 The higher the value, the lower the porosity.

[0063] Analysis of results for each embodiment:

[0064] 1. S 凸 / S 凹 A low value indicates that the proportion of protruding hard skeleton in the porous framework is too small, therefore the porosity of the surface composite coating decreases with increasing S. 凸 / S 凹 The value increases as the pores decrease. Because the pores are filled with non-stick filler, they exhibit good non-stick properties; therefore, in Examples 1 and 2, S... 凸 / S 凹 The value is relatively low, while the porosity is relatively high. The wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating is 80,000-100,000 times, which is relatively poor, but the non-stickiness is better, which is Grade I.

[0065] 2. Examples 3, 4, and 5, S 凸 / S 凹 The medium value and medium porosity indicate that the proportion of hard skeleton in the protruding parts of the porous skeleton has further increased, resulting in the non-stickiness of the composite non-stick coating being Grade II. However, as the porosity increases (from 8% to 15%), the wear resistance of the composite non-stick coating decreases (from 250,000 cycles to 160,000 cycles).

[0066] 3. Example 6, S 凸 / S 凹 A high value indicates that the proportion of hard skeleton in the protruding part of the porous skeleton is too large, and the proportion of non-stick filler in the concave part is too small. The non-stickness of the composite non-stick coating is relatively poor (non-stickness is grade III), but the wear resistance is greatly improved (300,000 times).

[0067] 4. In Example 7, the height difference is relatively low, and the non-stick filler in the recessed area is shallow. During the continuous wear resistance test, the scouring pad has a certain degree of flexibility and will penetrate into the recessed area to wear down the non-stick filler. The non-stickiness is relatively poor (non-stickiness is grade III).

[0068] 5. In Example 8, the height difference is too high and the depth of the recessed area is too large, which makes it impossible for the non-stick filler to be fully filled. There is a phenomenon that only a part of the surface recessed area is filled with non-stick filler, and the non-stickiness is relatively poor (non-stickiness is grade III).

[0069] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0070] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite non-stick coating characterized in that, include: A rigid skeleton having pores, and any cross-section of the rigid skeleton having multiple concave and convex structures, wherein there is a height difference between the protruding and recessed parts of the concave and convex structures; Non-stick filler, the non-stick filler filling the pores, The raw material used to form the rigid framework is hard particles, and the particle size of the hard particles is R. Then the height difference is 1 / 10R to 1 / 2R. The composite non-stick coating has a convex portion with an area S 2 and a concave portion with an area S 凸 in a 1 mm 凹 cross-sectional or longitudinal area, and S 凸 and S 凹 satisfy: S 凸 / S 凹 = 2~19. The pores are interconnected in the rigid framework.

2. The composite non-stick coating according to claim 1, wherein The height difference is 5μm~50μm.

3. The composite non-stick coating of claim 1, wherein, The rigid skeleton is formed by a thermal spraying process.

4. The composite non-stick coating of claim 1, wherein, The thermal conductivity of the composite non-stick coating is 5~14 W / mK.

5. The composite non-stick coating of claim 1, wherein, The porosity of the rigid skeleton is 5% to 30%.

6. The composite non-stick coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The rigid framework is a metal-based framework, a ceramic-based framework, or a metal / ceramic-based framework.

7. The composite non-stick coating according to claim 6, characterized in that, The metal matrix framework is an iron-based alloy material, comprising iron and auxiliary raw materials. The auxiliary raw materials include at least one of chromium, nickel, boron, silicon, carbon, molybdenum and oxygen, wherein the mass content of boron is 0.5% to 6%.

8. A cookware, characterized in that, include: The cookware body; The composite non-stick coating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the composite non-stick coating is disposed on the inner surface of the cookware body.

9. The cookware according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cookware also includes a transition layer located on at least a portion of the inner surface of the cookware body, and the composite non-stick coating located on at least a portion of the transition layer away from the cookware body.

10. The cookware according to claim 9, characterized in that, The transition layer has a porous structure with a porosity of 1% to 20%, which is less than that of the rigid skeleton.

11. A cooking utensil, characterized in that, The cookware included in any one of claims 8 to 10.

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