A rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of rare earth extraction devices, and discloses a rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure, including an extraction tower. The extraction tower is sequentially provided with a tower cover, an upper packing part, a middle packing part, a lower packing part and a heavy phase collector from top to bottom. The internal structures of the upper packing part, the middle packing part and the lower packing part are the same, and isolation members are arranged in the middle of the three. Below the isolation member is a packing area for increasing the contact area and contact time of the two-phase liquid, and below the packing area is a perforated plate for carrying it. Above the isolation member is an auxiliary area for improving the extraction selectivity and efficiency. In this invention, the isolation member separates the microcapsules and the packing. At the same time, the microcapsules can continuously move in the fluid, and the contact with the liquid-liquid two phases is dynamic and continuously changing. They can timely contact new rare earth ions to be extracted and extractants, continuously update the mass transfer interface, and make the mass transfer process more efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rare earth extraction devices, and particularly relates to a rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure. Background Art

[0002] The principle of rare earth extraction equipment is mainly based on the liquid-liquid extraction principle. By utilizing the difference in the distribution coefficients of rare earth elements in two immiscible solvents, the separation and enrichment of rare earth elements are achieved. The extraction technology can realize the efficient separation of various rare earth elements by using the difference in the distribution coefficients of different rare earth elements in a specific extractant and different phases. Through a suitable extraction system, their purity can be increased to a very high level to meet the requirements for high-purity rare earths in different fields.

[0003] In traditional rare earth extraction, the extractant is directly added to the system. Its concentration distribution is affected by the mixing effect and the diffusion process. As the extraction progresses, the extractant is gradually diluted in the continuous phase, and the extraction driving force decreases, resulting in a reduction in the extraction rate. At the same time, the extractant is easily lost at the phase interface or reacts with impurities, reducing the effective concentration and affecting the extraction efficiency. Moreover, the selectivity of traditional extractants for rare earth elements is often limited. In the leaching solution of complex rare earth ores, multiple rare earth ions and impurity ions coexist, and it is difficult for the extractant to precisely extract only the target rare earth ions. The co-extraction of non-target ions will reduce the purity of the target product. To obtain a high-purity product, multiple extraction and back-extraction operations are often required, increasing the processing time and cost and reducing the overall extraction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure, which can effectively solve the problems of high processing time and cost in the traditional extraction system of the prior art and easy loss of the extractant.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure, including:

[0008] An extraction tower, which is sequentially provided with a tower cover, an upper packing section, a middle packing section, a lower packing section, and a heavy phase collector from top to bottom. The internal structures of the upper packing section, the middle packing section, and the lower packing section are the same. An isolation member is provided in the middle of the inner walls of the upper packing section, the middle packing section, and the lower packing section. Below the isolation member is a packing area for increasing the contact area and contact time of the two-phase liquid. Below the packing area is a perforated plate for supporting it. Above the isolation member is an auxiliary area for improving the extraction selectivity and efficiency;

[0009] A stirring part, which is located in the middle of the extraction tower. The stirring part includes a stirring member that drives the packing in the auxiliary area to move to prevent blockage and adjusts the distribution state of the packing area.

[0010] Among them, the extraction tower further includes a separating member that guides the packing area to be evenly distributed.

[0011] Furthermore, the stirring part further includes a motor penetrating through the middle of the tower cover. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a main shaft. A plurality of stirring members are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft. The stirring members are set to be three and are respectively located in the packing areas of the upper packing part, the middle packing part, and the lower packing part.

[0012] Furthermore, the stirring member includes a stirring paddle arranged in contact with the packing material in the packing area. The fan blade side of the stirring paddle is designed to be symmetrically inclined. Stirring blades are arranged in the space in the packing area that is not in contact with the packing material. The blades of the stirring blades are all inclined around the outer surface of the main shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a heavy phase inlet is arranged around the position of the motor at the top of the tower cover. A light phase outlet is arranged at the lower end position of the outer surface of the tower cover. Both the heavy phase inlet and the light phase outlet adopt a multi-point design, and the heavy phase inlet and the light phase outlet are staggeredly designed.

[0014] Furthermore, a liquid guiding member is arranged on the inner wall of the tower cover. The middle of the liquid guiding member is fixed on the outer surface of the main shaft. The bottom end of the liquid guiding member is fixedly connected with a liquid collecting tank. The bottom end of the liquid collecting tank is set to be an upwardly inclined arc shape, and the edge of the liquid collecting tank is flush with the light phase outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, a flow guiding plate is arranged below the liquid guiding member. The flow guiding plate is fixed above the upper packing part. A flow guiding groove for facilitating the entry of the heavy phase liquid is arranged at the edge position of the flow guiding plate, and a sieve hole for facilitating the output of the light liquid is arranged at the center position of the flow guiding plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the separating member includes a partition plate fixed inside the extraction tower. The top end of the partition plate is fixedly connected with an eddy current channel. A recovery port is arranged at one end of the eddy current channel close to the edge of the partition plate. A valve port is arranged at the other end of the eddy current channel. The bottom end of the valve port is fixedly connected with a pipeline, and the pipeline is fixedly connected with a discharging member arranged outside the extraction tower.

[0017] Furthermore, a flow limiting channel is arranged on the inner wall of the eddy current channel. The inner contour of the flow limiting channel is designed in a bracket shape. The opening is round and the two side edges of the groove body are slightly curved inward. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the eddy current channel. Through holes with a larger bottom and a smaller top are evenly arranged at the bottom end of the inner wall of the eddy current channel. The guide plate is designed in an upward trumpet shape.

[0018] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] The present invention is provided with a stirring member. The turning or rotation of the lower-layer filler can continuously update the contact between the filler surface and the fluid, improving the mass transfer efficiency. The upper-layer microcapsules are in full contact with the fluid in a suspended state, and the eddy flow channel design enables the microcapsules to form a complex flow pattern with the fluid during the falling process, further enhancing the mass transfer effect and contributing to improving the extraction efficiency and separation effect.

[0020] The present invention is provided with a separating member that separates the microcapsules and the filler. The contact between the microcapsules and the two liquid phases is dynamic and continuously changing, enabling timely contact with new rare earth ions to be extracted and extractants, continuously updating the mass transfer interface, making the mass transfer process more efficient, and the microcapsules having a convenient discharge design, so that when the equipment is maintained, the microcapsules can be easily replaced or supplemented, and at the same time, it is more convenient to inspect and clean the lower-layer filler. This design reduces the difficulty and cost of equipment maintenance, and improves the operation stability and service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic sectional view of an extraction tower of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the filler part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the separating member in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic sectional view of the structure of the separating member in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring member in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid guiding member in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow guiding plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the figure respectively represent: 1. extraction column; 11. column cover; 12. upper packing section; 13. middle packing section; 14. lower packing section; 15. heavy phase collector; 16. separator; 161. partition board; 162. eddy flow channel; 163. through hole; 164. valve port; 165. pipeline; 166. discharging member; 167. guide plate; 168. flow limiting channel; 17. packing area; 18. auxiliary area; 19. perforated plate; 2. stirring section; 21. motor; 22. main shaft; 23. stirring member; 231. stirring blade; 232. stirring paddle; 3. heavy phase inlet; 4. light phase outlet; 5. liquid guiding member; 51. liquid collecting tank; 6. guide plate; 61. guide groove; 62. sieve hole; 7. recovery port. Specific Embodiment

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment:

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 - 8 , the present invention provides a technical solution for a rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure: Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the device includes an extraction column 1. The extraction column 1 is sequentially provided with a column cover 11, an upper packing section 12, a middle packing section 13, a lower packing section 14, and a heavy phase collector 15 from top to bottom. The bottom end of the extraction column 1 is provided with a heavy phase collector 15. Grooves are provided at the upper and lower positions on the outer surface of the heavy phase collector 15. The aqueous phase with rare earth ions enters the extraction column 1 from the heavy phase inlet 3, while the organic phase enters from the grooves of the heavy phase collector 15. The feeding positions of the two phases are designed in a countercurrent manner, that is, the heavy phase enters from the top of the column and flows downward under the action of gravity, and the light phase enters from the grooves of the heavy phase collector 15 and flows upward under the action of pressure. After sufficient contact and mass transfer in the packing area 17, the two phases flow out respectively at the light phase outlet 4 and the bottom of the column. At the column cover 11, the light phase, that is, the organic phase loaded with rare earth ions, flows out through the light phase outlet 4 due to its smaller density and becomes the extraction phase; at the heavy phase collector 15, the heavy phase, that is, the aqueous phase with reduced solute concentration, flows out through the grooves of the heavy phase collector 15 due to its larger density and becomes the raffinate phase. The two phases flowing out from the top and bottom of the column enter the subsequent separation equipment to further separate the two phases and obtain relatively pure extraction phase and raffinate phase.

[0035] However, in the prior art, in the case of only packing, although the packing can increase the contact area between the liquid-liquid two phases, the mass transfer area provided by it is still relatively insufficient, the diffusion rate of the solute between the two phases is relatively slow, and it takes a longer time to reach the extraction equilibrium, resulting in a lower overall extraction efficiency. At the same time, in the traditional packed extraction process, the extractant is prone to phenomena such as adsorption and entrainment at the phase interface, resulting in part of the extractant flowing out with the raffinate phase or the extract phase, causing loss of the extractant. In addition, the chemical reaction between the extractant and impurities or other components in the system will also consume the extractant, increasing the production cost. Therefore, the internal structures of the upper packing part 12, the middle packing part 13 and the lower packing part 14 set in the present invention are the same. In the middle of the inner walls of the upper packing part 12, the middle packing part 13 and the lower packing part 14, there is a separator 16. Below the separator 16 is a packing area 17 for increasing the contact area and contact time of the two-phase liquid. Below the packing area 17, there is a perforated plate 19 for carrying it. Above the separator 16 is an auxiliary area 18 for improving the extraction selectivity and efficiency. In order to improve the extraction efficiency, it is set as a double layer. The lower packing area 17 is a conventional packing, and the upper auxiliary area 18 is filled with microcapsules. By the microcapsules, the contact area between the rare earth ions and the extractant is increased, making the extraction process more sufficient. The tiny size and large specific surface area of the microcapsules can enable the rare earth ions to act with the extractant more quickly, accelerating the mass transfer rate. Just like dividing a large object into many small particles, it can make the contact with the surrounding substances more sufficient, thereby improving the extraction efficiency. In addition, the microcapsules can selectively enrich the rare earth ions, wrap the target rare earth ions inside the microcapsules, and achieve more efficient separation and extraction. The microcapsules can strengthen the mass transfer process between the liquid-liquid two phases. In the packing area 17, the microcapsules can serve as a "bridge" for mass transfer, promoting the transfer of rare earth ions between the aqueous phase and the organic phase; due to the existence of the microcapsules, the mass transfer resistance between the two phases is reduced, and the mass transfer coefficient is increased, enabling the rare earth ions to transfer from one phase to another more smoothly, improving the effect and efficiency of mass transfer;

[0036] In traditional extraction, emulsification is likely to occur, resulting in difficult phase separation and a decline in the extraction effect. The microcapsules adjust the interfacial tension through their wall materials, making the liquid-liquid two phases easier to separate and inhibiting the occurrence of emulsification, avoiding the formation of a stable emulsion. Just like adding a special substance to a mixture of water and oil, making the water and oil easier to separate;

[0037] Due to the protection of the wall materials of the microcapsules, they can adapt to wider changes in operating conditions. Even if there are some fluctuations in the operating conditions, the microcapsules can still maintain good extraction performance, making the entire extraction process more stable and reliable, reducing the probability of poor extraction effect or production accidents caused by changes in operating conditions, and reducing the sensitivity of the extraction process to operating conditions;

[0038] The presence of microcapsules in the packing zone 17 facilitates the continuous operation of liquid-liquid rare earth extraction. They continuously function in the continuously flowing liquid-liquid two-phase system, continuously extracting and separating rare earth ions, eliminating the need for frequent batch operations, improving production efficiency and automation, and meeting the requirements of modern large-scale industrial production.

[0039] Microcapsules can usually be recycled and reused, reducing production costs. Moreover, the microcapsules have good reusability and can still maintain high extraction activity and selectivity after multiple cycles of use, improving the utilization rate of resources. Overall, due to the improvement of extraction efficiency, reduction of emulsification, and decrease in operation difficulty and equipment requirements by microcapsules, the production process becomes more efficient and stable, thus reducing production costs.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , in the present invention, the microcapsules are sequentially placed in the upper packing section 12, the middle packing section 13, and the lower packing section 14 according to their different functions. The upper packing section 12 collects impurities, the middle packing section 13 achieves better catalysis, and the lower packing section 14 achieves better separation.

[0041] The microcapsules with the function of adsorbing impurities are placed in the upper packing section 12, enabling the raw materials to first contact this layer. Before entering the subsequent reaction and separation steps, impurities are removed as much as possible. The presence of impurities may affect the catalyst activity, and adsorbing impurities in advance can protect the catalytic microcapsules in the lower layer, improving the catalytic efficiency and stability.

[0042] After impurity adsorption, the relatively pure raw materials enter the middle packing section 13. The catalytic microcapsules in the middle layer can fully contact the treated raw materials for reaction. At the same time, this layer is conducive to cooperation with the upper and lower layers, receiving the treated raw materials from the upper layer and providing reaction products for the lower layer separation, providing sufficient reaction sites for the reaction and promoting the reaction.

[0043] After the reaction products enter the lower packing section 14, the separating microcapsules achieve efficient separation based on the differences in physical and chemical properties between the products, reactants, and by-products. Placing them in the lower layer facilitates the collection of the final products and avoids the re-mixing of the products with unreacted raw materials or impurities during the upward flow process.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6, the stirring part 2 is located in the middle of the extraction tower 1. The stirring part 2 includes a stirring member 23 that drives the packing in the auxiliary area 18 to move to prevent it from being blocked and adjusts the distribution state of the packing area 17. The stirring part 2 also includes a motor 21 that penetrates through the middle of the tower cover 11. The output end of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to a main shaft 22. A plurality of stirring members 23 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft 22. There are three stirring members 23, which are respectively located in the packing areas 17 of the upper packing part 12, the middle packing part 13, and the lower packing part 14. The stirring member 23 includes a stirring paddle 232 that contacts the packing material in the packing area 17. The fan blade side of the stirring paddle 232 is designed with symmetric inclination. In the space of the packing area 17 that does not contact the packing material, there are stirring blades 231. The blades of the stirring blades 231 are all inclined around the outer surface of the main shaft 22. When the motor 21 rotates, it drives the main shaft 22 to rotate. The rotation of the main shaft 22 drives the stirring blades 231 and the stirring paddles 232 to rotate. The rotation of the stirring paddle 232 drives the packing in contact with it to roll along the inclined surface of the stirring paddle 232. The rotation of the stirring blade 231 stirs the liquid in the extraction tower 1 to generate an axial force. The generated force exerts an upward acting force on the microcapsules carried above it through the isolation member 16 to make them suspended. Refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the top end of the eddy current channel 162 is fixedly connected to a guide plate 167. The guide plate 167 is designed in an upward trumpet shape. The bottom end inner wall of the eddy current channel 162 is evenly provided with through holes 163 that are larger at the bottom and smaller at the top. The axial force passing through the through holes 163 is further increased. Under the influence of the axial force, the microcapsules move smoothly upward along the trumpet-shaped opening of the guide plate 167. The design of the guide plate 167 will guide the microcapsules to smoothly enter the eddy current channel 162 when the rotation direction of the main shaft 22 is reversed to change the flow direction, ensuring that after the microcapsules approach the eddy current channel 162 or fall onto its upper surface, they will naturally move towards the center of the eddy current channel 162 under the combined action of gravity and surface shape, and then enter the eddy current channel 162.

[0045] Introducing the stirring member 23 in the extraction tower 1 enhances the mixing degree of the two phases, makes the microcapsules suspended in the auxiliary area 18 constantly tumbling and moving, increases the contact frequency with the two phases. At the same time, the setting of the stirring member 23 solves the problems of increased pressure drop in the extraction tower 1 caused by packing blockage, uneven fluid distribution, and affecting the extraction effect, and reduces the maintenance cost of shutting down for cleaning.

[0046] Compared with the non-suspended microcapsules, the suspended microcapsules in the present invention can move continuously in the fluid. The contact with the liquid-liquid two phases is dynamic and continuously changing. They can timely contact new rare earth ions to be extracted and extractants, continuously update the mass transfer interface, and make the mass transfer process more efficient. The position of the non-suspended microcapsules is relatively fixed, and the dynamics of mass transfer and the update speed of the mass transfer interface are limited;

[0047] In a flowing liquid-liquid system, suspended microcapsules can utilize the kinetic energy of the fluid to increase the relative velocity with the two phases, strengthen the driving force of mass transfer, accelerate the diffusion rate of rare earth ions between the microcapsules and the two phases, and thus improve the overall mass transfer rate.

[0048] The suspended microcapsules are evenly distributed with the fluid in the auxiliary area 18, which can make full use of the space of the entire auxiliary area 18, have more uniform and sufficient contact and mass transfer with the two-phase fluid, and make the extraction effects at different positions in the extraction tower 1 more consistent. The non-suspended microcapsules may accumulate in some local areas, resulting in uneven extraction effects.

[0049] When the hydrodynamic conditions such as the flow rate and velocity of the liquid-liquid two phases change, the suspended microcapsules can better adapt to this change. By adjusting their own suspension state and movement trajectory, they can still maintain good mass transfer performance. However, the non-suspended microcapsules may have problems such as being washed away and piled up due to the change of fluid conditions, affecting the extraction effect.

[0050] The suspended microcapsules are in a dynamic suspension state in the fluid and are not easily locally piled up and blocked in the packing area 17. Even if there are a small amount of impurities or the microcapsules are broken, they can be discharged or dispersed with the fluid, and will not easily cause local blockage like the non-suspended microcapsules, affecting the normal operation of the extraction tower 1.

[0051] However, for the microcapsules used to adsorb impurities or extract specific substances, as the usage time increases, the internal adsorption sites or extractants will gradually become saturated, and the microcapsules need to be replaced to maintain high-efficiency adsorption or extraction effects. For the microcapsules encapsulating extractants, during the extraction process, the extractants may be lost due to volatilization, chemical reactions with other substances, or slow leakage from the tiny pores of the microcapsule wall. When the extractant concentration decreases to a certain extent and cannot meet the extraction requirements, the microcapsules need to be replaced to ensure the extraction efficiency and separation effect. For the microcapsules encapsulating catalysts, during long-term use, impurities in the reaction system may react irreversibly with the catalysts, occupying the active centers of the catalysts and thus losing catalytic activity, and the microcapsules need to be replaced to ensure the continuous and efficient progress of the reaction. In addition, when tumbling and moving in the packing layer, the microcapsules will continuously collide and rub against other microcapsules, causing the microcapsule walls to rupture. At the same time, the shear force of the fluid will also damage the microcapsules, especially when the flow rate is high or there is turbulence.

[0052] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5, the separator 16 includes a partition plate 161 fixed inside the extraction tower 1. At the top of the partition plate 161, a vortex channel 162 is fixedly connected. At one end of the vortex channel 162 near the edge of the partition plate 161, a recovery port 7 is provided. At the other end of the vortex channel 162, a valve port 164 is provided. At the bottom of the valve port 164, a pipeline 165 is fixedly connected. The pipeline 165 is fixedly connected to a discharging member 166 provided outside the extraction tower 1. The inner wall of the vortex channel 162 is provided with a flow limiting channel 168. The inner contour of the flow limiting channel 168 is designed in a bracket shape, with a rounded opening and the two side edges of the groove body slightly curved inward. The vortex channel 162 is designed in a spiral shape, which can make the liquid and microcapsules form a more stable and orderly spiral flow in the vortex channel 162, strengthening the dispersion effect of the microcapsules. At the same time, when the subsequent microcapsules are discharged, the microcapsules slide along the vortex channel 162, and the centrifugal force of the spiral movement can more effectively push the old microcapsules towards the outlet. The flow limiting channel 168 provided in the vortex channel 162 can guide the flow direction of the microcapsules, enabling the microcapsules to pass through the vortex channel 162 more smoothly and preventing the microcapsules from accumulating in corners or dead zones.

[0053] The discharging member 166 stores new microcapsules, and the recovery port 7 centrally collects and processes the discharged old microcapsules. The two are controlled by valves, enabling the two storage tanks to work alternately. When one storage tank is transporting or receiving microcapsules, the other storage tank can perform operations such as replenishment or cleaning. This alternating working mode ensures the continuous supply and discharge of microcapsules, contributing to the realization of a stable replacement process. The inside of the recovery port 7 is designed with a structure having a certain buffer volume to avoid impact and splashing when the old microcapsules are discharged, and is also convenient for subsequent transportation and recovery processing. A pump body is provided on the side of the discharging member 166, which can transfer the new microcapsules to the valve port 164 through the pipeline 165. The opening of the valve port 164 is set as a spherical shape slightly larger than the microcapsules. The new microcapsules are discharged into the vortex channel 162 through the valve port 164. Under the action force applied by the discharging member 166, the microcapsules move smoothly along the flow limiting channel 168, realizing the replacement of new and old capsules. Under the influence of the downward acting force exerted by the stirring blade 231 when it flips, the new microcapsules located in the flow limiting channel 168 can pass through smoothly and be evenly dispersed. The recovery port 7 can also be provided with an electromagnetic coil. For microcapsules with magnetic materials built-in, the combined action of the electromagnetic coil and the discharging member 166 can improve the replacement speed of new and old microcapsules;

[0054] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8, a heavy-phase inlet 3 is provided around the position of the motor 21 at the top of the tower cover 11, and a light-phase outlet 4 is provided at the lower position of the outer surface of the tower cover 11. Both the heavy-phase inlet 3 and the light-phase outlet 4 adopt a multi-point design, and the heavy-phase inlet 3 and the light-phase outlet 4 are staggeredly designed. A liquid guide member 5 is provided on the inner wall of the tower cover 11. The middle of the liquid guide member 5 is fixed on the outer surface of the main shaft 22. The bottom end of the liquid guide member 5 is fixedly connected with a liquid collecting tank 51. The bottom end of the liquid collecting tank 51 is set as an upwardly inclined arc. The edge of the liquid collecting tank 51 is flush with the light-phase outlet 4. A flow guide plate 6 is provided below the liquid guide member 5. The flow guide plate 6 is fixed above the upper packing part 12. A flow guide groove 61 for facilitating the entry of heavy-phase liquid is provided at the edge position of the flow guide plate 6, and a sieve hole 62 for facilitating the output of light liquid is provided at the central position of the flow guide plate 6.

[0055] After the light-phase liquid rises through the sieve hole 62 of the flow guide plate 6, it enters the upper liquid guide member 5, and then is discharged from the light-phase outlet 4 along the inner wall of the liquid guide member 5 and the edge of the liquid collecting tank 51. The flow guide plate 6 plays a role in rectifying and dispersing the light-phase liquid, making the light-phase liquid more uniform during the rising process, avoiding too fast or too slow local flow rates. The liquid guide member 5 can collect and store a certain amount of light-phase liquid, ensuring the stability of the discharge, and helping to improve the discharge quality and stability of the light-phase liquid. The heavy-phase liquid enters the tower cover 11 through the heavy-phase inlet 3, then slides down along the outer surface of the liquid guide member 5, and then moves from the flow guide groove 61 into the upper packing part 12. The outer surface of the liquid guide member 5 is provided with a guide groove according to the size of the flow guide groove 61, ensuring that the heavy-phase liquid slides as required. At the same time, due to the staggered arrangement of the light-phase outlet 4 and the heavy-phase inlet 3, the risk of light-phase backmixing is reduced; the multi-point design of the heavy-phase inlet 3 and the light-phase outlet 4 makes the liquid more evenly distributed in the extraction tower 1, avoiding too much or too little local liquid, and the dispersion effect is better;

[0056] The liquid guide member 5 attached to the tower cover 11 can better conform to the flow trend of the light-phase liquid in the tower cover 11, making the liquid converge more smoothly. Since the liquid will be affected by the internal flow field of the tower and the stirring action of the liquid collecting tank 51 during the rising process, the arc design can reduce the sudden change of the flow direction, reduce the energy loss, and improve the liquid collecting efficiency. At the same time, the liquid guide member 5 increases the contact area with the light-phase liquid, enabling more liquid to converge in a timely manner.

[0057] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure, characterized in that: include: An extraction tower (1), wherein the extraction tower (1) is sequentially provided with a tower cover (11), an upper packing part (12), a middle packing part (13), a lower packing part (14) and a heavy phase collector (15) from top to bottom, wherein the upper packing part (12), the middle packing part (13) and the lower packing part (14) have the same internal structure, a separator (16) is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the upper packing part (12), the middle packing part (13) and the lower packing part (14), a packing area (17) for increasing the contact area and contact time of the two-phase liquid is provided below the separator (16), a porous plate (19) for supporting the packing area (17) is provided below the packing area (17), and an auxiliary area (18) for improving the extraction selectivity and efficiency is provided above the separator (16), and the auxiliary area (18) is filled with microcapsules; A stirring section (2), the stirring section (2) being located in the middle of the extraction tower (1), the stirring section (2) comprising a stirring member (23) for driving the filler in the auxiliary zone (18) to move to avoid blockage thereof and for adjusting the distribution state of the filler zone (17); The isolating member (16) comprises a partition (161) fixed inside the extraction tower (1), the top of the partition (161) is fixedly connected to a vortex channel (162), the inner wall of the vortex channel (162) is provided with a limited flow channel (168), the inner contour of the limited flow channel (168) is designed in a bracket shape, the opening is rounded and the edges of both sides of the trough body are slightly curved inward, the top of the vortex channel (162) is fixedly connected to a guide plate (167), the bottom of the inner wall of the vortex channel (162) is evenly provided with through holes (163) that are larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, and the guide plate (167) is designed in an upward trumpet shape.

2. The rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring section (2) further comprises a motor (21) penetrating the middle of the tower cover (11); the output end of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to a main shaft (22); a plurality of stirring members (23) are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft (22); the stirring members (23) are arranged in three pieces and are respectively located in the filling areas (17) of the upper filling section (12), the middle filling section (13) and the lower filling section (14).

3. A rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring member (23) comprises a stirring paddle (232) arranged in the filling area (17) and in contact with the filling material, the blade side of the stirring paddle (232) is designed to be symmetrically inclined, and the space in the filling area (17) that is not in contact with the filling material is provided with a stirring blade (231), and the blades of the stirring blade (231) are all designed to be inclined around the outer surface of the main shaft (22).

4. The rare earth extraction device with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heavy phase inlet (3) is arranged at the top of the tower cover (11) around the motor (21), and a light phase outlet (4) is arranged at the lower end of the outer surface of the tower cover (11). Both the heavy phase inlet (3) and the light phase outlet (4) adopt a multi-point design, and the heavy phase inlet (3) and the light phase outlet (4) are staggered.

5. The rare earth extraction device equipped with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the tower cover (11) is provided with a liquid guide member (5), the middle portion of the liquid guide member (5) is fixed to the outer surface of the main shaft (22), the bottom end of the liquid guide member (5) is fixedly connected to a liquid collecting trough (51), the bottom end of the liquid collecting trough (51) is arranged in an upwardly inclined arc shape, and the edge of the liquid collecting trough (51) is flush with the light phase outlet (4).

6. The rare earth extraction device with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A guide plate (6) is arranged below the liquid guide member (5), and the guide plate (6) is fixed above the upper filler portion (12). A guide groove (61) is arranged at the edge of the guide plate (6) to facilitate the entry of heavy phase liquid, and a sieve hole (62) is arranged at the center of the guide plate (6) to facilitate the output of light liquid.

7. The rare earth extraction device with a microencapsulation auxiliary structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A recovery port (7) is provided at one end of the vortex channel (162) close to the edge of the partition (161), and a valve port (164) is provided at the other end of the vortex channel (162). A pipeline (165) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the valve port (164), and the pipeline (165) is fixedly connected to a discharge member (166) provided on the outside of the extraction tower (1).

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