Fan blade icing treatment system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fan blade icing treatment system and method, relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and mainly aims to reduce deicing energy consumption, improve the deicing effect and avoid physical damage to blades. According to the main technical scheme, the fan blade icing treatment system comprises a hot air deicing assembly and an ultrasonic deicing assembly, and the hot air deicing assembly is arranged in a blade with a cavity structure and used for circulating hot air in a cavity of the blade so as to heat the blade; the ultrasonic deicing assembly comprises an ultrasonic transducer attached to the inner wall of the blade, and the ultrasonic transducer is used for transmitting vibration to an ice layer on the surface of the blade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of wind power generation technology, and specifically relates to a system and method for controlling ice coating on wind turbine blades. Background Art

[0002] In the field of wind power generation, wind turbine blades are core components, and their operating status directly affects the efficiency and stability of power generation. However, in low temperature environments, wind turbine blades are very prone to ice. Blade ice not only changes the aerodynamic shape of the blades, resulting in reduced wind turbine output and power generation efficiency, but may also cause blade imbalance and violent vibration, seriously threatening the structural safety and service life of the wind turbine.

[0003] Traditional deicing methods for wind turbine blades, such as mechanical deicing and electric deicing, have many disadvantages. Mechanical deicing is complicated to operate and causes great damage to the blades; electric deicing consumes a lot of energy and may damage the blades due to local overheating. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a wind turbine blade icing management system and method, the main purpose of which is to reduce deicing energy consumption, improve deicing effect, and avoid physical damage to the blades.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In one aspect of the present application, a wind turbine blade ice treatment system is provided, comprising:

[0007] A hot air deicing assembly, which is arranged inside a blade having a cavity structure and is used to circulate hot air in the cavity of the blade to heat the blade;

[0008] An ultrasonic deicing assembly comprises an ultrasonic transducer attached to the inner wall of the blade, and the ultrasonic transducer is used to transmit vibration to the ice layer on the surface of the blade.

[0009] Optionally, the ultrasonic transducer comprises:

[0010] A first vibration part, wherein the first vibration part includes a plurality of first vibration plates, and the plurality of first vibration plates are located at the tip of the blade;

[0011] The second vibration part includes a plurality of second vibration plates, and the plurality of second vibration plates are located at the root of the blade.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of the first vibration plates are respectively arranged on the leading edge inner wall and the trailing edge inner wall of the blade tip.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of the first vibration plates are arranged continuously.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of the second vibration plates are arranged at intervals, and a distance between two adjacent second vibration plates is 2-3 cm.

[0015] Optionally, the hot air deicing assembly comprises:

[0016] A hot air blower, the hot air blower is arranged in the cavity of the blade and is used to drive the air in the cavity to flow toward the tip of the blade;

[0017] A heating resistance wire, which is arranged at the downstream side of the hot air blower along the air flow direction and is used to heat the air flowing through to form the hot air;

[0018] A heat-conducting air duct is arranged on the downstream side of the heating resistance wire along the air flow direction, and is used to transport the hot air to the blade tip of the blade.

[0019] Optionally, the wind turbine blade icing control system further comprises:

[0020] A temperature sensor is disposed in the cavity of the blade and is used to sense temperature information inside the blade.

[0021] Optionally, the wind turbine blade icing control system further comprises:

[0022] A controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the hot air deicing component and the ultrasonic deicing component respectively, the controller is used to receive the temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor and compare it with a first temperature preset range, and control the working state of the ultrasonic deicing component based on the comparison result; the controller is also used to receive the temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor and compare it with a second temperature preset range, and control the working state of the hot air deicing component based on the comparison result.

[0023] Optionally, the ultrasonic deicing assembly further includes an ultrasonic generator, which is disposed in the cabin and connected to the ultrasonic transducer via a slip ring.

[0024] Another aspect of the present application provides a method for controlling ice coating on wind turbine blades, which is applied to any one of the above-mentioned wind turbine blade ice coating control systems, and the method for controlling ice coating on wind turbine blades comprises:

[0025] Acquiring temperature information inside the blade;

[0026] Comparing the temperature information with a first preset temperature range and a second preset temperature range, and controlling the working states of the ultrasonic deicing component and the hot air deicing component respectively based on the comparison result;

[0027] When the temperature information is within the first preset temperature range, the ultrasonic deicing component is started; when the temperature information is within the second preset temperature range, the hot air deicing component is started.

[0028] By means of the above technical solution, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The wind turbine blade ice treatment system and method provided in the embodiment of the present application can circulate hot air in the blade cavity by setting a hot air deicing component, transfer heat to the blade surface through the heat transfer principle, melt the ice layer by heat or reduce the adhesion between the ice layer and the blade. By setting an ultrasonic deicing component, vibration can be transmitted to the ice layer on the blade surface, destroying the structure of the ice layer and causing cracks inside the ice layer. In the present application, the hot air and ultrasonic waves work together to more effectively remove the ice layer from the blade surface, and have a better deicing effect than a single deicing method. At the same time, compared with the traditional mechanical deicing method, the system does not need to use mechanical tools to directly contact the blade surface to scrape off the ice layer, avoiding physical damage such as scratches and wear on the blade surface caused by mechanical scraping, and protecting the surface integrity of the blade. Furthermore, the hot air deicing component uses air as a heat transfer medium, circulates in the cavity inside the blade, and can more accurately transfer heat to the location where deicing is required. Compared with some large-area external heating methods, it can more effectively utilize heat energy and reduce energy waste. In addition, the ultrasonic deicing component mainly relies on the energy of the ultrasonic transducer, and its energy consumption is relatively low. Combined with the hot air deicing component, it can optimize the overall energy consumption of the system while ensuring the deicing effect and reduce the deicing cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine blade ice treatment system according to an optional embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling icing on wind turbine blades according to an optional embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The reference numerals are:

[0033] 1. Blade; 11. Cavity; 2. Ultrasonic transducer; 21. First vibrating plate; 3. Ultrasonic generator; 4. Hot air blower; 5. Heating resistor wire; 6. Heat-conducting air duct; 7. Temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0038] See also Figure 1 As shown, according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a wind turbine blade ice treatment system is provided, comprising: a hot air deicing component, the hot air deicing component is arranged inside a blade 1 having a cavity 11 structure, and is used to circulate hot air in the cavity 11 of the blade 1 to heat the blade 1; an ultrasonic deicing component, the ultrasonic deicing component comprises an ultrasonic transducer 2 attached to the inner wall of the blade 1, and the ultrasonic transducer 2 is used to transmit vibration to the ice layer on the surface of the blade 1.

[0039] By setting up a hot air deicing component, hot air can be circulated in the cavity 11 of the blade 1, and heat can be transferred to the surface of the blade 1 through the principle of heat transfer, so that the ice layer is heated and melted or the adhesion between the ice layer and the blade 1 is reduced. By setting up an ultrasonic deicing component, vibration can be transmitted to the ice layer on the surface of the blade 1, destroying the structure of the ice layer and causing cracks inside the ice layer. In this embodiment, the hot air and ultrasonic waves work together to more effectively remove the ice layer from the surface of the blade 1, and have a better deicing effect than a single deicing method. At the same time, compared with the traditional mechanical deicing method, the system does not need to use mechanical tools to directly contact the surface of the blade 1 to scrape off the ice layer, avoiding physical damage such as scratches and wear on the surface of the blade 1 caused by mechanical scraping, and protecting the surface integrity of the blade 1. Furthermore, the hot air deicing component uses air as a heat transfer medium, circulates in the cavity 11 inside the blade 1, and can more accurately transfer heat to the position where deicing is required. Compared with some large-area external heating methods, it can more effectively utilize heat energy and reduce energy waste. In addition, the ultrasonic deicing component mainly relies on the energy of the ultrasonic transducer 2, and its energy consumption is relatively low. When combined with the hot air deicing component, it can optimize the overall energy consumption of the system and reduce the deicing cost while ensuring the deicing effect.

[0040] The interior of the blade 1 is hollow, thereby forming a closed cavity 11. In practical applications, this cavity 11 structure not only provides an ideal placement space for the hot air deicing component, enabling it to efficiently circulate hot air inside and uniformly heat the blade 1 in all directions; it also provides a stable and reliable attachment position for the ultrasonic transducer 2 in the ultrasonic deicing component, ensuring that the high-frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer 2 can be accurately transmitted to the ice layer on the surface of the blade 1, thereby achieving the coordinated and stable operation of the two deicing components.

[0041] Specifically, the hot air deicing assembly is arranged in the cavity 11 inside the blade 1, and can directly transport the hot air to the area closest to the ice. In this way, not only the efficient transfer of heat energy is achieved, so that the heat can reach the ice layer in the shortest path, quickly increase the temperature of the ice layer, and speed up the deicing process, but also the interference of complex environmental factors such as external low temperature and strong wind on heat transfer can be effectively avoided, ensuring that the heat of the hot air acts on the melting of the ice to the greatest extent, thereby improving the deicing efficiency and stability. The ultrasonic transducer 2 in the ultrasonic deicing assembly is attached to the inner wall of the blade 1, and can directly transmit the generated high-frequency vibration to the ice layer on the surface of the blade 1, so that microscopic stress concentration is generated inside the ice layer. As a result, cracks will appear at the weak points in the ice layer structure. As the vibration continues, the cracks will continue to expand and intersect, thereby destroying the overall structure of the ice layer, greatly reducing the adhesion between the ice layer and the blade 1. At the same time, the high-frequency vibration also causes the water molecules on the surface of the ice layer to resonate, further weakening the stability of the ice layer and making it easier to fall off the surface of the blade 1.

[0042] Among them, the hot air deicing component heats the blade 1 by circulating hot air in the cavity 11 of the blade 1. When the hot air flows in the cavity 11, according to the principle of heat transfer, the heat will be transferred from the hot air to the wall of the blade 1. It can be understood that the heat transfer can be carried out by convection and conduction. When the hot air flows in the cavity 11, it will undergo convection heat exchange with the inner wall of the blade 1, so that the temperature of the inner wall of the blade 1 increases; then, the heat will be transferred from the inner wall to the outer layer of the blade 1 through the thermal conductivity of the blade 1 material itself, and finally reach the ice-covered area. In practical applications, as the temperature of the blade 1 increases, the adhesion between the ice layer and the surface of the blade 1 will gradually decrease. Because the melting and sublimation of ice are closely related to temperature, when the temperature rises, the state of ice will change from solid to liquid or gas, which will gradually separate the ice layer from the surface of the blade 1, achieving the purpose of deicing.

[0043] Among them, the ultrasonic transducer 2 is a device that can convert electrical energy into ultrasonic vibration energy. When the ultrasonic transducer 2 is attached to the inner wall of the blade 1, the high-frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer 2 can be transmitted to the ice layer on the surface of the blade 1. In actual applications, when the high-frequency vibration is transmitted to the ice layer, the high-frequency vibration will generate alternating stress inside the ice layer, and this alternating stress will destroy the internal structure of the ice layer. Since the ice layer usually has a certain degree of brittleness, under continuous high-frequency vibration, tiny cracks and gaps will be generated inside the ice layer, resulting in the destruction of the integrity of the ice layer. At the same time, the vibration will also interfere with the bonding force between the ice layer and the surface of the blade 1, making it easier for the ice layer to detach from the surface of the blade 1, thereby achieving de-icing.

[0044] Specifically, the hot air deicing component and the ultrasonic deicing component can work together to achieve a better deicing effect. It should be noted that the hot air deicing component can increase the temperature of the blade 1 as a whole, creating favorable conditions for the melting of the ice layer and separation from the blade 1, and focusing on reducing the adhesion of the ice layer to the blade 1 from a macroscopic level. The ultrasonic deicing component destroys the internal structure of the ice layer from a microscopic perspective and enhances the deicing effect. The combination of the two can make up for the shortcomings of a single deicing method. For example, using only hot air deicing may not be able to completely remove some tightly attached ice layers, and using only ultrasonic deicing may be inefficient or unable to cope with large areas of icing.

[0045] In the above embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the ultrasonic transducer 2 includes: a first vibration part, the first vibration part includes a plurality of first vibration plates 21, and the plurality of first vibration plates 21 are located at the tip of the blade 1; a second vibration part, the second vibration part includes a plurality of second vibration plates, and the plurality of second vibration plates are located at the root of the blade 1.

[0046] By arranging ultrasonic transducers 2 at different positions, vibration can be applied to the ice layer more evenly, avoiding unbalanced force on the blade 1 due to incomplete local deicing, and ensuring the stability of the fan operation. At the same time, according to the ice thickness and characteristics at different positions of the blade 1, the vibration parameters (such as frequency, amplitude, etc.) of the first vibration part and the second vibration part can be adjusted separately, realizing differentiated deicing of different parts of the blade 1, so as to achieve the best deicing effect, reduce deicing time, and improve the overall deicing efficiency.

[0047] Among them, the tip of the blade 1 is the area most susceptible to ice coating due to the external environment, and ice coating on the blade tip has a greater impact on the operating performance of the fan, because the blade tip moves quickly, and ice coating on the blade tip may significantly change the aerodynamic performance of the blade 1. In the embodiment of the present application, the first vibration sheets 21 of the first vibration part are arranged at the blade tip, so that ice coating on the blade tip can be directly processed.

[0048] Specifically, when several first vibration plates 21 start working, the high-frequency vibrations generated by the several first vibration plates 21 can be effectively transmitted to the ice layer at the blade tip. The high-frequency vibrations cause alternating stresses inside the ice layer at the blade tip, which can destroy the structure of the ice layer and cause cracks in the ice layer. At the same time, they can also reduce the adhesion between the ice layer and the blade tip surface, causing the ice layer to break and fall off. Since the ice at the blade tip is usually thin and relatively unevenly distributed, the vibrations of the first vibration plates 21 can quickly affect these thin ice layers, achieving the purpose of efficient de-icing.

[0049] The root of the blade 1 has a different structure and force than the tip of the blade, but when the blade 1 is covered with ice, the root will also bear a larger load, and the ice coverage may be more complicated, with a thicker ice layer or more stubborn ice coverage. Arranging the second vibration plates of the second vibration part at the root can better deal with the ice coverage problem at the root.

[0050] Specifically, the vibrations generated by the second vibration pieces can transfer energy to the ice layer at the root, breaking the binding force between the internal molecules of the ice layer and the adhesion between the ice layer and the root surface, so that the ice layer can be detached from the root surface. In addition, since there may be a thicker ice layer at the root, a different vibration frequency or amplitude may be required. Therefore, the second vibration part can be adjusted according to the specific ice coverage of the root to ensure that the ice layer at the root can be effectively removed.

[0051] In the above embodiments, see Figure 1As shown, a plurality of first vibration sheets 21 are respectively arranged on the leading edge inner wall and the trailing edge inner wall of the blade tip of the blade 1. Thus, a more comprehensive deicing coverage of the blade tip is achieved, and the ice layer on the blade tip of the blade 1 in different directions can be effectively removed, avoiding incomplete deicing caused by omission of local positions, and improving the overall deicing effect of the blade tip part. In addition, the first vibration sheets 21 evenly distributed on the leading edge inner wall and the trailing edge inner wall can make the force on the blade tip more balanced during deicing. When the ice layer falls off from different positions of the blade tip at the same time, the uneven force on the blade tip caused by unilateral deicing is avoided, which helps to maintain the balance and stability of the blade 1 and reduce the vibration of the blade 1 and the adverse effects on the fan structure that may be caused by the deicing process. Specifically, the blade tip of the blade 1 is in a high-speed airflow environment during operation, and the airflow flows through the leading edge and the trailing edge, so that the ice coverage at these two positions may be different, but both affect the performance of the fan. The first vibration sheets 21 are arranged on the leading edge inner wall and the trailing edge inner wall. When the first vibration sheets 21 are working, the high-frequency vibration generated will be transmitted to the ice layer at the corresponding position. For the ice layer at the leading edge, the vibration will destroy the structure of the ice layer and the adhesion to the surface of the blade 1, causing it to fall off from the leading edge of the blade 1; for the ice layer at the trailing edge, the vibration can also cause it to fall off.

[0052] In the above embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, several first vibration plates 21 are arranged continuously. In this way, the continuous transmission of ultrasonic vibration in the tip part of the blade 1 can be ensured, and the occurrence of vibration dead corners or de-icing blank areas can be avoided, so that the de-icing effect is more uniform and continuous, and the ice layer at the tip can be fully and stably cleared. At the same time, the continuous first vibration plates 21 can apply high-frequency vibration to a larger range of ice layers at the same time. Compared with the vibration plates arranged in a dispersed manner, more ice layer areas can be covered in a shorter time, which speeds up the speed of ice layer breaking and falling off, and improves the overall de-icing efficiency. In addition, since the vibration is transmitted continuously, it can provide more stable de-icing conditions, reduce the situation where the ice layer is not completely cleared locally or the clearing effect is inconsistent due to discontinuous vibration, make the de-icing process more stable and reliable, and help maintain the stable operation of the fan. Specifically, when the first vibration plates 21 are arranged continuously, the ultrasonic vibration will be seamlessly transmitted from one first vibration plate 21 to the next first vibration plate 21, forming a continuous vibration wavefront. For the ice layer at the tip of blade 1, this continuous vibration wave front can cover the entire arrangement area, so that the vibration disturbance to the ice layer is continuous rather than intermittent.

[0053] In the above embodiment, several second vibration plates are arranged at intervals, and the interval distance between two adjacent second vibration plates is 2 to 3 cm. As a result, the ultrasonic energy is more reasonably distributed at the root of the blade 1, avoiding excessive concentration of energy, preventing potential damage to the root structure of the blade 1 due to excessive local energy, and ensuring that the entire root area can receive appropriate deicing energy. In addition, compared with several second vibration plates arranged densely, the interval setting can reduce the number of second vibration plates, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and control complexity of the system, while improving the economy and maintainability of the system under the premise of ensuring the deicing effect. Specifically, when several second vibration plates are arranged at intervals, the ultrasonic vibration generated by each second vibration plate will diffuse to the surroundings, and the interval space between two adjacent second vibration plates allows the vibration energy to be superimposed and diffused within a certain range. If several second vibration plates are arranged too closely, the local energy density may be too high, causing abnormal increase in the local temperature of the blade 1 or generating a large stress concentration, which will have an adverse effect on the material properties of the root of the blade 1. In the embodiment of the present application, the spacing distance of 2 to 3 cm can make the vibration energy more evenly distributed on the ice layer at the root, which not only ensures sufficient vibration damage to the ice layer, but also avoids excessive impact on the root of the blade 1.

[0054] In the above embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the hot air deicing assembly includes: a hot air blower 4, which is arranged in the cavity 11 of the blade 1 and is used to drive the air in the cavity 11 to flow toward the tip of the blade 1; a heating resistor 5, which is arranged on the downstream side of the hot air blower 4 along the air flow direction and is used to heat the air flowing through to form hot air; a heat conducting air duct 6, which is arranged on the downstream side of the heating resistor 5 along the air flow direction and is used to transport hot air to the tip of the blade 1.

[0055] Through the coordinated operation of the hot air blower 4, the heating resistor 5 and the heat-conducting air duct 6, efficient heating of the air and directional delivery to the tip of the blade 1 are achieved, ensuring that the hot air can accurately reach the tip area that is most prone to ice and has a significant impact on the performance of the fan, greatly improving the deicing efficiency. Specifically, the hot air blower 4, as a power source, can cause the air in the cavity 11 of the blade 1 to flow and form a stable airflow. A heating resistor 5 is set on the downstream side of the airflow. When the air flows through, the heating resistor 5 is energized and heated. The thermal effect of the current is used to convert the electrical energy into heat energy and transfer it to the air, so that the air is quickly heated to become hot air. Then, the heat-conducting air duct 6 guides the hot air to flow along a specific path toward the tip of the blade 1. Since the tip of the blade has a fast linear speed when the fan is running, ice has a great impact on its aerodynamic performance. The hot air can directly act on the ice layer at the tip of the blade, quickly melt the ice layer or reduce the adhesion between the ice layer and the blade 1. Compared with the non-directional heating method, it can more efficiently remove the ice on the tip of the blade and restore the performance of the fan.

[0056] Among them, the heating resistor wire 5 is arranged along the air flow direction, and the use of the heat-conducting air duct 6 ensures the temperature uniformity and stability of the hot air during the transportation process, avoids local overheating or overcooling to damage the blade 1, and provides a stable heat source for continuous and effective deicing.

[0057] Specifically, the heating resistor wire 5 is arranged along the airflow direction, so that the air can absorb heat evenly when passing through the resistor wire, and there will be no uneven heating of some parts of the air. The heat-conducting air duct 6 has good thermal conductivity and thermal insulation properties. When conveying hot air, on the one hand, it can efficiently transfer heat to the surrounding blade 1 structure, and on the other hand, it can reduce the loss of heat to the outside and maintain the temperature of the hot air stable. In this way, it is ensured that the air blown out from the hot air blower 4 always maintains a relatively constant high temperature during the entire process of reaching the blade tip, and evenly heats the blade 1, preventing stress concentration caused by uneven thermal expansion and contraction of the blade 1 material due to temperature fluctuations, thereby protecting the structural integrity of the blade 1.

[0058] Among them, the hot air blower 4, the heating resistor wire 5 and the heat-conducting air duct 6 are compactly arranged in the cavity 11 of the blade 1, which reduces the space occupied by the system, improves the integration of the system, is conducive to the simplicity and stability of the overall structure of the fan, and is convenient for installation, maintenance and overhaul.

[0059] Specifically, the entire hot air deicing assembly is arranged in the cavity 11 of the blade 1, and there is no need to add additional complex structures outside the blade 1. The hot air blower 4, the heating resistor 5 and the heat-conducting air duct 6 are arranged in sequence, making full use of the space inside the blade 1. This compact layout integrates the deicing system with the structure of the fan blade 1 itself, which does not affect the aerodynamic shape of the fan, and facilitates integrated design and assembly during the fan manufacturing and installation process. During later maintenance, technicians can inspect, repair or replace each component relatively easily, reducing the maintenance difficulty and cost caused by the complex structure of the deicing system.

[0060] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see Figure 1 As shown, the wind turbine blade ice treatment system further includes: a temperature sensor 7 , which is disposed in the cavity 11 of the blade 1 and is used to sense the temperature information inside the blade 1 .

[0061] The temperature sensor 7 can sense the temperature information inside the blade 1 in real time, provide accurate data support for the operation of the hot air deicing component, and thus realize accurate control of the deicing temperature. Through the feedback adjustment mechanism, it is possible to avoid overheating or insufficient heating of the blade 1, improve the deicing effect, and protect the blade 1 material from thermal damage.

[0062] Specifically, during the deicing process, the hot air deicing assembly will deliver hot air into the cavity 11 of the blade 1 to heat the blade 1. The temperature sensor 7 can continuously monitor the temperature changes inside the blade 1. When the temperature is lower than the expected deicing temperature, the controller can increase the power of the hot air blower 4 or extend the heating time of the heating resistor 5 according to the feedback of the temperature sensor 7 to increase the supply or temperature of hot air, thereby ensuring the effective implementation of the deicing work. On the contrary, when the temperature is too high, the controller can reduce the power of the hot air blower 4 or reduce the heating time accordingly to prevent the blade 1 from being damaged due to overheating, such as avoiding the performance degradation of the blade 1 material or the damage of the internal structure due to thermal stress. This precise temperature control ensures that the deicing process is carried out within a suitable temperature range, thereby improving the deicing efficiency and quality.

[0063] The temperature sensor 7 helps to ensure the safe and stable operation of the entire fan blade ice treatment system. By timely detecting abnormal temperature conditions, measures can be taken in advance to prevent system failures or safety hazards caused by excessive temperature, such as fire.

[0064] Specifically, when the de-icing system is running, if the heating component fails, such as the heating resistor 5 is short-circuited, the temperature inside the blade 1 may rise sharply. The temperature sensor 7 can quickly sense this abnormal temperature rise and send a signal to the controller. The controller can immediately cut off the power supply or take other emergency measures, such as starting the cooling device (if any), so as to avoid the blade 1 and the entire de-icing system from being seriously damaged due to high temperature, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system. At the same time, stable temperature monitoring also helps to extend the service life of various components of the de-icing system, reduce component aging and damage caused by temperature fluctuations, and reduce the maintenance cost of the system.

[0065] The temperature information recorded by the temperature sensor 7 can be stored and analyzed as data to provide a basis for optimizing the performance of the deicing system. By studying the historical temperature data, the deicing strategy can be adjusted and the system parameters can be optimized to adapt to different environmental conditions and ice coverage conditions.

[0066] Specifically, during the long-term operation and deicing of the fan, the data collected by the temperature sensor 7 can reflect the changing pattern of the temperature inside the blade 1 under different ambient temperatures, wind speeds, ice thickness and other conditions. For example, in different seasons or different geographical locations, the ice coverage of the fan blade 1 and the required deicing temperature may be different. By analyzing these temperature data, it can be determined under what circumstances it is necessary to adjust the power of the hot air blower 4, the heating time of the heating resistor 5 and other parameters, so as to formulate a more scientific and reasonable deicing plan. In addition, these data can also be used to diagnose and predict faults in the deicing system, discover potential problems in advance and optimize them, and further improve the reliability and deicing efficiency of the system.

[0067] It should be noted that the temperature sensor 7 can be set at any position in the cavity 11 of the blade 1, as long as it can sense the temperature information inside the blade 1, and this application does not limit this. In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature sensor 7 is set at the end of the heat-conducting air duct 6, near the tip of the blade 1.

[0068] In the above embodiment, the fan blade ice control system also includes: a controller, which is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 7, the hot air deicing component and the ultrasonic deicing component respectively, and is used to receive the temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor 7 and compare it with the first temperature preset range, and control the working state of the ultrasonic deicing component based on the comparison result. The controller is also used to receive the temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor 7 and compare it with the second temperature preset range, and control the working state of the hot air deicing component based on the comparison result.

[0069] Among them, the intelligent coordinated control of the entire deicing system is realized by connecting the controller with the temperature sensor 7, the hot air deicing component and the ultrasonic deicing component. This coordinated control can flexibly adjust the working state of the hot air deicing component and the ultrasonic deicing component according to the actual temperature inside the blade 1, give full play to the advantages of both, and thus achieve the purpose of efficient and energy-saving deicing.

[0070] Specifically, the first temperature preset range can be 2°C to 6°C, and the second temperature preset range can be 0°C to 2°C. When the temperature sensor 7 detects that the internal temperature of the blade 1 is in the range of 2°C to 6°C, the controller only starts the ultrasonic deicing component at this time, and destroys the ice layer that may be formed on the surface of the blade 1 through the high-frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer 2, thereby effectively preventing the blade 1 from being covered with ice. When the temperature sensor 7 detects that the internal temperature of the blade 1 is lower than 2°C, in order to ensure the deicing effect, while maintaining the continuous operation of the ultrasonic deicing component, the controller starts the hot air deicing component. The hot air blower 4 drives the air flow in the cavity 11 of the blade 1, and the heating resistor 5 heats the air flowing through it into hot air. The hot air is transported to various parts of the blade 1 through the heat-conducting air duct 6, and cooperates with the ultrasonic deicing component to quickly melt the ice layer and efficiently remove the ice on the blade 1.

[0071] In the above embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, the ultrasonic deicing assembly further includes an ultrasonic generator 3, which is disposed in the cabin and connected to the ultrasonic transducer 2 via a slip ring.

[0072] By arranging the ultrasonic generator 3 in the cabin, it can effectively avoid being directly affected by adverse external environmental factors (such as wind, sand, rain, snow, extreme temperature, etc.), thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing the probability of failure caused by environmental factors. At the same time, by connecting the ultrasonic generator 3 and the ultrasonic transducer 2 through the slip ring, stable power transmission and signal communication can be ensured during the rotation of the blade 1, so that the ultrasonic transducer 2 can work normally, and an effective electrical connection between the rotating part and the stationary part is achieved.

[0073] According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a method for controlling ice coating on a wind turbine blade 1 is provided, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned wind turbine blade ice coating control systems, see Figure 2 As shown, the method for treating ice on the fan blade 1 includes:

[0074] Step S101: Acquire temperature information inside the blade 1.

[0075] Here, the temperature can be sensed by setting a temperature sensor 7 in the cavity 11 of the blade 1. The temperature sensor 7 can monitor the temperature change inside the blade 1 in real time and transmit the temperature data to the controller. Since the temperature inside the blade 1 is closely related to the ice coating on the surface of the blade 1, for example, when the internal temperature is low, ice is more likely to form on the surface of the blade 1, and obtaining the temperature information can provide data support for determining whether deicing is needed and what deicing method to use.

[0076] Step S201: comparing the temperature information with the first preset temperature range and the second preset temperature range, and controlling the working states of the ultrasonic deicing component and the hot air deicing component respectively based on the comparison result.

[0077] Here, by comparing the acquired temperature information with the preset temperature range, the ice risk degree or ice state of the current blade 1 can be judged, so as to determine the appropriate deicing strategy. The implementation method is that the controller receives the temperature information from the temperature sensor 7 and compares it with the first temperature preset range (for example, 2°C to 6°C) and the second temperature preset range (for example, 0°C to 2°C). Specifically, when the temperature information is within the first temperature preset range (for example, 2°C to 6°C), the ice layer may not have formed yet or is in the early stage of formation. At this time, the ultrasonic deicing component is started mainly to prevent the ice layer from further forming and play an anti-icing role; when the temperature information is within the second temperature preset range (for example, 0°C to 2°C), the surface of the blade 1 may have ice layer formed or the ice risk is very high. Starting the hot air deicing component can quickly increase the temperature of the blade 1, melt the ice layer, and achieve the deicing effect. In the embodiment of the present application, when the temperature is within the first temperature preset range, the controller sends a start signal to the ultrasonic deicing component. The ultrasonic generator 3 (located in the cabin) in the ultrasonic deicing assembly transmits electrical energy to the ultrasonic transducer 2 on the inner wall of the blade 1 through the slip ring. The ultrasonic transducer 2 generates high-frequency vibration and transmits it to the surface of the blade 1, thereby interfering with the aggregation and freezing process of water molecules on the surface of the blade 1, destroying the formation of ice crystals, and effectively preventing the formation of ice layers. When the temperature is within the second temperature preset range, the controller simultaneously starts the hot air deicing assembly. The hot air blower 4 starts working, driving the air in the cavity 11 of the blade 1 to flow toward the tip of the blade. The air is heated when passing through the heating resistor 5 arranged on the downstream side of the hot air blower 4 along the air flow direction to form hot air, which is then transported to the tip of the blade 1 and other parts that need deicing through the heat-conducting air duct 6. In this process, heat is conducted to the surface ice layer through the wall of the blade 1, causing the ice layer to melt, reducing the adhesion between the ice layer and the surface of the blade 1, and achieving the purpose of deicing. At the same time, the ultrasonic deicing assembly can work in conjunction with the hot air deicing assembly to further improve the deicing efficiency. For example, ultrasonic vibration can help break up the ice layer that has begun to melt, so that it falls off the surface of the blade 1 faster.

[0078] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, before the blade 1 is covered with ice, when the temperature is within the first temperature preset range, the ultrasonic deicing assembly is started, and the high-frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer 2 interferes with the aggregation and condensation process of water molecules on the surface of the blade 1, making it difficult for water molecules to form a regular ice crystal structure, thereby effectively preventing the formation of an ice layer on the surface of the blade 1, and reducing the occurrence of icing from the source. As a result, the physical damage that the blade 1 may suffer due to the icing and deicing process is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the blade 1. Compared with the traditional method of deicing after the ice layer is formed, anti-icing before icing can avoid damage to the surface of the blade 1 caused by the adhesion between the ice layer and the blade 1, as well as damage such as scratches and thermal stress that may occur during the deicing process. In addition, since the icing phenomenon is reduced, the number of maintenance times and repair costs required due to the icing problem are reduced. At the same time, the fan downtime caused by the icing of the blade 1 is also reduced, and the utilization rate and economic benefits of the fan are improved.

[0079] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0080] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above are only preferred implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fan blade ice treatment system, characterized in that: include: A hot air deicing component, the hot air deicing component being arranged inside a blade (1) having a cavity (11) structure and being used for circulating hot air in the cavity (11) of the blade (1) to heat the blade (1); An ultrasonic deicing assembly comprises an ultrasonic transducer (2) attached to the inner wall of the blade (1), wherein the ultrasonic transducer (2) is used to transmit vibration to an ice layer on the surface of the blade (1).

2. The wind turbine blade ice treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducer (2) comprises: A first vibration part, the first vibration part comprising a plurality of first vibration plates (21), the plurality of first vibration plates (21) being located at the tip of the blade (1); The second vibration part comprises a plurality of second vibration plates, and the plurality of second vibration plates are located at the root of the blade (1).

3. The wind turbine blade icing control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the first vibration sheets (21) are respectively arranged on the leading edge inner wall and the trailing edge inner wall of the blade tip of the blade (1).

4. The wind turbine blade ice treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the first vibration sheets (21) are arranged in series.

5. The wind turbine blade ice treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the second vibration plates are arranged at intervals, and the interval between two adjacent second vibration plates is 2-3 cm.

6. The wind turbine blade icing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air deicing assembly comprises: a hot air blower (4), the hot air blower (4) being arranged in the cavity (11) of the blade (1) and being used to drive the air in the cavity (11) to flow towards the tip of the blade (1); A heating resistance wire (5), the heating resistance wire (5) being arranged on the downstream side of the hot air blower (4) along the air flow direction, and being used for heating the air flowing through to form the hot air; A heat-conducting air duct (6), wherein the heat-conducting air duct (6) is arranged on the downstream side of the heating resistance wire (5) along the air flow direction, and is used to transport the hot air to the tip of the blade (1).

7. The wind turbine blade ice treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind turbine blade icing control system also includes: A temperature sensor (7), wherein the temperature sensor (7) is arranged in the cavity (11) of the blade (1) and is used to sense temperature information inside the blade (1).

8. The wind turbine blade ice treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wind turbine blade icing control system also includes: A controller, the controller being electrically connected to the temperature sensor (7), the hot air deicing component and the ultrasonic deicing component respectively, the controller being used to receive temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor (7) and compare it with a first temperature preset range, and control the working state of the ultrasonic deicing component based on the comparison result; the controller is also used to receive temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor (7) and compare it with a second temperature preset range, and control the working state of the hot air deicing component based on the comparison result.

9. The wind turbine blade ice treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic deicing assembly further comprises an ultrasonic generator (3), wherein the ultrasonic generator (3) is arranged in the cabin and connected to the ultrasonic transducer (2) via a slip ring.

10. A method for treating ice on a fan blade (1), characterized in that: Applied to the wind turbine blade icing control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the wind turbine blade (1) icing control method comprises: Acquiring temperature information inside the blade (1); Comparing the temperature information with a first preset temperature range and a second preset temperature range, and controlling the working states of the ultrasonic deicing component and the hot air deicing component respectively based on the comparison result; When the temperature information is within the first preset temperature range, the ultrasonic deicing component is started; when the temperature information is within the second preset temperature range, the hot air deicing component is started.

Images