Device and method for monitoring spectral characteristics of gas released by interaction of life entity and environment

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring spectral characteristics of gas released by interaction of a life entity and an environment. The monitoring device comprises a gas inlet valve, a gas outlet valve, a sample cabin, a light channel, a culture dish and a spectrum detector, the gas inlet valve is used for introducing gas required by an experiment into the sample cabin; the gas outlet valve is used for releasing gas in the sample cabin; the sample cabin is used for containing the reaction container and is used for biological culture and chemical reaction; a cover plate at the top end of the sample cabin can be opened and is provided with a sealing ring, and a closed environment of the sample cabin is ensured when the cover plate is closed; the light channel and the sample cabin are integrally formed, mutually communicated and externally closed, a required light source is introduced into one end of the light channel, and the other end is connected with the spectrum detector; and the spectrum detector is used for carrying out collection and spectrum detection on the light beams passing through the sample cabin, and carrying out data analysis on the collected spectrum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and its environment, and is a ground-based experimental platform that provides clues for the exploration of life signals on extraterrestrial planets. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, human beings are increasingly exploring outer space, and searching for possible signs of life on exoplanets has become one of the major research directions in astronomy and biology. Spectral analysis technology plays an important role in this field. By analyzing the spectral data of the planet's atmosphere, the composition and concentration of various gases in the atmosphere can be detected, thereby inferring possible signs of life activities. Life activities usually release specific gases, such as oxygen and methane, which have unique absorption or emission characteristics in the spectrum. For example, plants and algae on Earth release oxygen through photosynthesis, while some microorganisms produce methane during metabolism. The presence and concentration changes of these gases can be used as indirect evidence to determine whether there is life on an exoplanet.

[0003] In the prior art, the application of life signals inducing changes in gas spectral characteristics is mainly concentrated in the following aspects:

[0004] (i) Detection of biomarkers in the Earth's atmosphere through spectral analysis:

[0005] Vegetation spectral monitoring: Use remote sensing technology and spectral analysis to monitor the health and distribution of vegetation on the Earth's surface. For example, by analyzing the spectral reflectance characteristics of plants, the growth status and photosynthetic activity of plants can be identified. This type of technology is mainly used for vegetation monitoring in the Earth environment and cannot directly simulate plant growth conditions and gas change characteristics in the environment of an extraterrestrial planet.

[0006] Methane detection: Detect changes in methane concentration in the atmosphere through satellite or ground monitoring equipment. Methane is an important biomarker, and changes in its concentration may be related to biological activities. For example, NASA's "Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation" (EMIT) project uses spectral technology to monitor global methane emission sources. However, this method relies on large-scale global monitoring data, cannot be accurately controlled and simulated in the laboratory, and is difficult to migrate to exoplanets.

[0007] 2. Experiments to simulate exoplanetary environments:

[0008] Mars simulation experiment: NASA's "Mars Science Laboratory" (MSL) mission searches for possible signs of life by detecting atmospheric composition on the surface of Mars. The SAM (Sample Analyzer) equipped on the Mars rover "Curiosity" detects gases such as methane in the Martian atmosphere through mass spectrometry and spectral analysis to determine whether its source is related to biological activities. However, the Mars simulation experiment mainly focuses on the environmental simulation of specific exoplanets (such as Mars), which requires the input of a large number of initial conditions, and the research scope is relatively limited, and cannot cover other exoplanets where life may exist.

[0009] Laboratory simulation of exoplanetary atmospheric conditions: By simulating the atmospheric conditions of exoplanets in the laboratory, the spectral characteristics of different gases under these conditions are studied. For example, by simulating the methane and nitrogen in the atmosphere of Titan, its spectral characteristics at different temperatures and pressures are studied. The atmospheric conditions of exoplanets simulated in the laboratory are simple, and the simulation of biological activities is relatively limited.

[0010] In summary, existing research mainly relies on global data collection and the preset initial parameters of specific exoplanets. It is difficult to accurately simulate life activities, lacks comparison between biological and non-biological processes, and lacks high-resolution multi-spectral monitoring means. Summary of the invention

[0011] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a spectral characteristic monitoring device and method for gases released by the interaction between living organisms and the environment, to solve the problems of difficulty in accurately simulating life activities, lack of comparison between biological and non-biological processes, and lack of means for high-resolution multi-spectral monitoring.

[0012] The solution to the technical problem of the present invention is: a spectral characteristic monitoring device for gases released by the interaction between a living body and the environment, the spectral characteristic monitoring device comprising an inlet valve, an outlet valve, a sample chamber, an optical channel, a culture dish, and a spectral detector;

[0013] Inlet valve, used to pass the gas required for the experiment into the sample chamber;

[0014] An outlet valve is used to release the gas in the sample chamber;

[0015] The sample chamber is used to hold reaction vessels for biological culture and chemical reactions. The cover at the top of the sample chamber can be opened, and the cover has a sealing ring to ensure a closed environment for the sample chamber when the cover is closed.

[0016] The optical channel and the sample chamber are integrally formed, interconnected and sealed to the outside. The required light source is introduced into one end of the optical channel, and the other end is connected to the spectrometer;

[0017] The spectrometer collects and detects the spectrum of the light beam after passing through the sample chamber, and performs data analysis on the collected spectrum.

[0018] Preferably, the biological culture dish or culture bottle.

[0019] Preferably, the life form to be detected is algae, microorganisms or animal cells.

[0020] Another technical solution of the present invention is: a method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment based on the above device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Prepare three detection devices according to claim 1 as detection systems for a biological experiment group, a blank control group, and a chemical reaction experiment group respectively;

[0022] S2. Clean and disinfect all experimental equipment;

[0023] S3, pouring the culture medium required for the growth of the life form to be tested into the culture dishes of the biological experiment group and the blank control group, and adding the chemical reactants that produce the gas released by the interaction between the life form to be tested and the environment into the culture dish of the chemical reaction experiment group;

[0024] S4. Inoculate the organisms to be tested into the culture containers of the biological experiment group to ensure their uniform distribution;

[0025] S5. Fill the sample chambers of the biological experiment group, the blank control group and the chemical reaction experiment group with gas to balance the indoor gas. The gas is air + 5% carbon dioxide gas, and the temperature is raised from room temperature to 50° C.;

[0026] S6. Place all culture containers under a light source to simulate natural light conditions, and add supplementary light to the sample chamber at a fixed time every day according to the light required for normal growth of the organisms to be tested;

[0027] S7. Use high-resolution spectral measurement equipment to collect spectral data in the sample chambers of the biological experiment group, the blank control group, and the chemical reaction experiment group according to the preset frequency corresponding to the gas to be tested until the end of the test cycle;

[0028] S8. Analyze and process the spectral data in the sample chamber of the biological experimental group, blank control group and chemical reaction experimental group to obtain the change in spectral absorption peak depth and reaction rate of the gas released by the interaction between the living organism and the environment before and after the reaction in each group during an experimental cycle, which is used to analyze the characteristics of the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment.

[0029] Preferably, when the life form to be detected includes algae, microorganisms, and animal cells, the gas released by the interaction between the life form to be detected and the environment includes at least one of oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen.

[0030] Preferably, the supplementary illumination is: solar spectrum or far-infrared spectrum.

[0031] Preferably, the test period is more than 5 days.

[0032] Preferably, the change in the absorption peak depth of the gas released by the interaction between the living organism and the environment before and after the reaction is obtained by the following steps:

[0033] The spectral data of the same experimental group before and after the reaction were stacked and plotted, and the absorption peak intensities of specific bands of gases released by the interaction between the tested organisms and the environment were selected for comparison, so as to obtain the changes in the absorption peak depths of gases released by the interaction between the organisms and the environment before and after the reaction within one experimental cycle of each experimental group.

[0034] Preferably, the reaction rate of the gas released by the interaction between the life form to be tested and the environment is obtained by the following method:

[0035] First, the spectrum database is consulted to obtain the end-base areas of the absorption peaks of the gases released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment at different concentrations in different bands, which are taken as true values, and linear fitting, quadratic fitting, and cubic fitting are selected to obtain the corresponding relationship between the end-base areas of the gases released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment in different bands and concentrations;

[0036] Secondly, the spectral data of different experimental groups before and after the reaction are read in to obtain the fitting values ​​of the end group areas of the gases released by the interaction between the tested organism and the environment before and after the reaction;

[0037] Next, according to the correspondence between the terminal group area of ​​the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment in different bands and the concentration, the fitted value of the terminal group area of ​​the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment before and after the reaction, the concentration of the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment in different bands before and after the reaction of each experimental group was calculated;

[0038] Finally, the reaction rate of gas released by the interaction between the tested organisms and the environment before and after the reaction in different experimental groups was calculated.

[0039] Preferably, the reaction rate is given by:

[0040] Reaction rate = (concentration before reaction - concentration after reaction) / reaction time.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0042] (1) More accurate simulation of biological activities: By choosing cyanobacteria as the experimental subject, the effects of photosynthesis and respiration on gas composition can be simulated more realistically;

[0043] (2) Multiple control experimental design: By setting up a blank control group and a chemical reaction experimental group, it is possible to accurately distinguish gas changes caused by biological and non-biological processes;

[0044] (3) High-resolution spectral monitoring: Use a high-resolution spectrometer for real-time monitoring to provide detailed gas spectrum data to ensure the accuracy of the analysis results;

[0045] (4) Multi-condition experiments: Conduct experiments under different light, temperature, and humidity conditions to analyze the impact of photosynthesis on gas changes and provide multi-angle data support for the detection of life on exoplanets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the gas cell of the spectral channel of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0048] In order to better understand the relationship between biological activity and gas changes and provide a reliable basis for the interpretation of atmospheric spectral data of exoplanets, ground-based verification experiments on changes in gas spectral characteristics caused by life signals are particularly important. By simulating biological activities in a laboratory environment and monitoring the impact of the presence or absence of organisms on gas spectral characteristics, it is possible to effectively distinguish between gas changes caused by biological and non-biological processes.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a spectral characteristic monitoring device for gases released by a living organism in interaction with the environment, the device comprising an air inlet valve 1, an air outlet valve 2, a sample chamber 3, an optical channel 4, a culture dish 5, and a spectrum detector;

[0050] An air inlet valve 1 is used to pass the gas required for the experiment into the sample chamber 3;

[0051] An outlet valve 2 is used to release the gas in the sample chamber 3;

[0052] The sample chamber 3 is used to hold reaction containers for biological culture and chemical reactions; the cover plate at the top of the sample chamber can be opened, and the cover plate has a sealing ring to ensure a closed environment of the sample chamber when the cover plate is closed;

[0053] The optical channel 4 and the sample chamber 3 are integrally formed, interconnected and sealed to the outside, one end of the optical channel introduces the required light source, and the other end is connected to the spectrum detector;

[0054] The spectrometer collects and detects the spectrum of the light beam after passing through the sample chamber, and performs data analysis on the collected spectrum.

[0055] Preferably, the biological culture dish 5 or culture bottle.

[0056] The life form to be tested may be algae, microorganisms or animal cells.

[0057] The present invention also provides a method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by a living organism in interaction with the environment based on the above device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1. Prepare three of the above detection devices as detection systems for the biological experiment group, the blank control group, and the chemical reaction experiment group respectively;

[0059] S2. Clean and disinfect all experimental equipment;

[0060] S3, pouring the culture medium required for the growth of the life form to be tested into the culture dishes of the biological experiment group and the blank control group, and adding the chemical reactants that produce the gas released by the interaction between the life form to be tested and the environment into the culture dish of the chemical reaction experiment group;

[0061] S4. Inoculate the organisms to be tested into the culture containers of the biological experiment group to ensure their uniform distribution;

[0062] S5. Fill the sample chambers of the biological experiment group, the blank control group, and the chemical reaction experiment group with gas to balance the indoor gas. The gas is air + 5% carbon dioxide gas, and the temperature is raised from room temperature to 50°C. The filling time is greater than or equal to 600s. The temperature change process is to set the temperature gradient according to the experimental requirements, such as setting the temperature gradient at intervals of 3 degrees Celsius.

[0063] S6. Place all culture containers under a light source to simulate natural light conditions. According to the light required for normal growth of the organisms to be tested, add supplementary light to the sample chamber at a fixed time every day; the supplementary light is: solar spectrum or far-infrared spectrum. The fixed time period can be from 8:00 to 17:00;

[0064] S7. According to the preset frequency corresponding to the gas to be tested, use high-resolution spectral measurement equipment to collect spectral data in the sample chamber of the biological experiment group, the blank control group and the chemical reaction experiment group until the end of the test period; the test period is generally more than 5 days. The preset frequency can be once every hour.

[0065] S8. Analyze and process the spectral data in the sample chamber of the biological experimental group, blank control group and chemical reaction experimental group to obtain the change in spectral absorption peak depth and reaction rate of the gas released by the interaction between the living organism and the environment before and after the reaction in each group during an experimental cycle, which is used to analyze the characteristics of the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment.

[0066] When the life form to be tested includes algae, microorganisms, and animal cells, the gas released by the interaction between the life form to be tested and the environment includes at least one of oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen.

[0067] The change in the absorption peak depth of the gas released by the interaction between the living organism and the environment before and after the reaction is obtained by the following steps:

[0068] The spectral data of the same experimental group before and after the reaction were stacked and plotted, and the absorption peak intensities of specific bands of gases released by the interaction between the tested organisms and the environment were selected for comparison, so as to obtain the changes in the absorption peak depths of gases released by the interaction between the organisms and the environment before and after the reaction within one experimental cycle of each experimental group.

[0069] The reaction rate of the gas released by the interaction between the tested organism and the environment is obtained by the following method:

[0070] First, the spectrum database is consulted to obtain the end-base areas of the absorption peaks of the gases released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment at different wavelengths (that is, the integral areas of the absorption characteristics with the left and right ends as the baselines), which are taken as the true values, and linear fitting, quadratic fitting, and cubic fitting are selected to obtain the corresponding relationship between the end-base areas of the gases released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment and the concentrations at different wavelengths;

[0071] Secondly, the spectral data of different experimental groups before and after the reaction are read in to obtain the fitting values ​​of the end group areas of the gases released by the interaction between the tested organism and the environment before and after the reaction;

[0072] Next, according to the correspondence between the terminal group area of ​​the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment in different bands and the concentration, the fitted value of the terminal group area of ​​the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment before and after the reaction, the concentration of the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment in different bands before and after the reaction of each experimental group was calculated;

[0073] Finally, the reaction rate of gas released by the interaction between the tested organisms and the environment before and after the reaction in different experimental groups was calculated.

[0074] The formula for reaction rate is:

[0075] Reaction rate = (concentration before reaction - concentration after reaction) / reaction time.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] As a typical photosynthetic organism, algae releases gases such as oxygen through its metabolic activities, which can provide clear biological signals under experimental conditions. By comparing the changes in gas spectra in the presence and absence of algae, the spectral characteristics caused by life activities can be clearly characterized, providing an important reference for the detection of life on exoplanets. At the same time, a chemical reaction control group can be set up, adding calcium carbonate and acetic acid to simulate the gas changes caused by chemical reactions that may occur during planetary evolution. By comparing the gas spectral data of the biological experimental group and the chemical reaction experimental group, the characteristics of gas changes caused by biological activities and chemical reactions can be distinguished.

[0078] The present embodiment constructs a monitoring method and device for gas release from the interaction between living organisms cultivated with algae and the environment, which specifically includes algae selection, gas pool environment preparation, chemical reaction setting, experimental cycle and sampling frequency setting (the experimental cycle is set to 5 days, and spectral data is collected every 5 minutes), light supplement (solar spectrum and far-infrared spectrum lighting experiments are carried out during specific time periods), temperature condition setting, spectral measurement setting, and data recording and analysis (recording and analyzing the changes in gas concentration and spectral characteristics of each group to establish a reference model).

[0079] The gas cell environment consists of three parallel sealed vessels:

[0080] Biological experiment group: algae culture medium was added and algae were cultured.

[0081] Blank control group: add an equal amount of algae culture medium without algae.

[0082] Chemical reaction experiment group: simulate the gas changes caused by chemical reactions.

[0083] The present invention provides an experimental design for monitoring environmental gas changes based on algae biological respiration and photosynthesis, aiming to establish a ground-based experimental platform to verify the spectral characteristics of life signals generated by extraterrestrial planets by monitoring the gas spectrum changes caused by algae metabolism and the gas changes caused by chemical reactions. Figure 1 This is the main experimental device, namely the schematic diagram of the gas cell of the spectral channel.

[0084] The following are specific implementations:

[0085] The implementation steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0086] 1. Preparation:

[0087] (1) Clean and disinfect all experimental equipment and containers;

[0088] (2) preparing a culture medium suitable for the growth of Spirulina and pouring it into the culture containers of the biological experimental group and the blank control group;

[0089] 2. Algae cultivation:

[0090] (1) Inoculate Spirulina into the culture container of the biological experiment group to ensure its uniform distribution;

[0091] (2) blank control group without algae, other conditions were the same;

[0092] (3) Place all culture containers under a light source to simulate natural light conditions;

[0093] 3. Gas pool environment settings (three parallel containers):

[0094] (1) Biological experiment group: add algae culture medium and culture algae samples;

[0095] (2) Blank control group: add the same amount of algae culture medium with the same concentration;

[0096] (3) Chemical reaction experiment group: adding appropriate amounts of calcium carbonate and acetic acid to simulate the gas changes caused by chemical reactions;

[0097] 4. Environmental conditions control:

[0098] (1) The initial gas condition in all containers is air + 5% carbon dioxide, and T0 is 600s, which is used to balance the indoor gas;

[0099] (2) Temperature setting: temperature gradient from room temperature to 50°C;

[0100] (3) Light conditions: Light supplementation is performed at a specific time period each day, and different light conditions such as solar spectrum and far-infrared spectrum can be used;

[0101] 5. Gas spectrum sampling:

[0102] (1) Use high-resolution spectral measurement equipment to monitor the gases in the three containers, with a sampling frequency of once every hour;

[0103] (2) The complete experimental period is 5 days, and the experimental period can be adjusted appropriately according to the growth status of algae;

[0104] 6. Data processing and analysis:

[0105] (1) Export the spectral data collected during the experiment and classify them according to the biological experimental group, blank control group and chemical reaction group;

[0106] (2) Stack and plot the spectral data of each group, and select the absorption peak of a specific band of characteristic components. The characteristic components are gases released by the interaction between living organisms and the environment; for example, carbon dioxide is at 2400-2200cm -1 First, we compare the absorption intensity and the changes in the absorption peak depth of the characteristic components within one experimental cycle.

[0107] (3) Using the spectrometer data analysis software, quantitative analysis was performed on the spectral data of each group. The specific bands of specific components were still selected to quantitatively analyze the changes in the concentration of characteristic components sampled multiple times within one experimental cycle, and the reaction rates of characteristic components under different experimental conditions were calculated.

[0108] Based on the reaction rate of the characteristic components of each reaction group within an experimental cycle, the impact of the introduction of algae on the characteristic components can be evaluated, thereby exploring the interaction mechanism between algae and a specific environment. Specifically:

[0109] Biological experimental group - blank control group: If the reaction rate of the biological experimental group is different from that of the blank control group, it can be explained that the introduction of the organism can accelerate or slow down the reaction rate of the characteristic components, which can be used as a specific inference of the existence of life signals.

[0110] Blank control group - chemical reaction group: If the reaction rate of the chemical experiment group is different from that of the blank control group, it can be said that similar reaction processes will occur under natural conditions without biological participation, generating or changing the concentration of characteristic components. This is used as the basis for the existence of false positive signals of life signals.

[0111] Biological experiment group - chemical reaction group: If the reaction rates of the two are different, it can be said that under the condition of biological participation, it is easy to distinguish the difference between the two reaction mechanisms, which can be used as a basis for the existence of life signals and exclusion of false positive signals; if the reaction rates of the two are the same or the distinction is small (difficult to distinguish), it can be said that it is difficult to use this detection method to distinguish between reactions with or without biological participation, and false positives of life signals cannot be excluded, and further experimental research is still needed.

[0112] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment, characterized in that It comprises an air inlet valve (1), an air outlet valve (2), a sample chamber (3), an optical channel (4), a culture dish (5), and a spectrometer; An air inlet valve (1) is used to pass the gas required for the experiment into the sample chamber (3); An outlet valve (2) is used to release the gas in the sample chamber (3); The sample chamber (3) is used to hold reaction containers for biological culture and chemical reaction. The cover plate at the top of the sample chamber can be opened, and the cover plate has a sealing ring. When the cover plate is closed, the closed environment of the sample chamber is ensured. The optical channel (4) and the sample chamber (3) are integrally formed, interconnected and sealed to the outside, one end of the optical channel is introduced with the required light source, and the other end is connected to the spectrum detector; The spectrometer collects and detects the spectrum of the light beam after passing through the sample chamber, and performs data analysis on the collected spectrum.

2. The device for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological culture dish (5) or culture bottle is described.

3. The device for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The life form to be tested is algae, microorganisms or animal cells.

4. A method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment based on the device of claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Prepare three detection devices according to claim 1 as detection systems for a biological experiment group, a blank control group, and a chemical reaction experiment group respectively; S2. Clean and disinfect all experimental equipment; S3, pouring the culture medium required for the growth of the life form to be tested into the culture dishes of the biological experiment group and the blank control group, and adding the chemical reactants that produce the gas released by the interaction between the life form to be tested and the environment into the culture dish of the chemical reaction experiment group; S4. Inoculate the organisms to be tested into the culture containers of the biological experiment group to ensure their uniform distribution; S5. Fill the sample chambers of the biological experiment group, the blank control group and the chemical reaction experiment group with gas to balance the indoor gas. The gas is air + 5% carbon dioxide gas, and the temperature is raised from room temperature to 50° C.; S6. Place all culture containers under a light source to simulate natural light conditions, and add supplementary light to the sample chamber at a fixed time every day according to the light required for normal growth of the organisms to be tested; S7. Use high-resolution spectral measurement equipment to collect spectral data in the sample chambers of the biological experiment group, the blank control group, and the chemical reaction experiment group according to the preset frequency corresponding to the gas to be tested until the end of the test cycle; S8. Analyze and process the spectral data in the sample chamber of the biological experimental group, blank control group and chemical reaction experimental group to obtain the change in spectral absorption peak depth and reaction rate of the gas released by the interaction between the living organism and the environment before and after the reaction in each group during an experimental cycle, which is used to analyze the characteristics of the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment.

5. The method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the life form to be tested includes algae, microorganisms, and animal cells, the gas released by the interaction between the life form to be tested and the environment includes at least one of oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen.

6. The method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supplementary lighting is: solar spectrum or far-infrared spectrum.

7. The method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test period is more than 5 days.

8. The method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The change in the absorption peak depth of the gas released by the interaction between the living organism and the environment before and after the reaction is obtained by the following steps: The spectral data of the same experimental group before and after the reaction were stacked and plotted, and the absorption peak intensities of specific bands of gases released by the interaction between the tested organisms and the environment were selected for comparison, so as to obtain the changes in the absorption peak depths of gases released by the interaction between the organisms and the environment before and after the reaction within one experimental cycle of each experimental group.

9. The method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reaction rate of the gas released by the interaction between the tested organism and the environment is obtained by the following method: First, the spectrum database is consulted to obtain the end-base areas of the absorption peaks of the gases released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment at different concentrations in different bands, which are taken as true values, and linear fitting, quadratic fitting, and cubic fitting are selected to obtain the corresponding relationship between the end-base areas of the gases released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment in different bands and concentrations; Secondly, the spectral data of different experimental groups before and after the reaction are read in to obtain the fitting values ​​of the end group areas of the gases released by the interaction between the tested organism and the environment before and after the reaction; Next, according to the correspondence between the terminal group area of ​​the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment in different bands and the concentration, the fitted value of the terminal group area of ​​the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment before and after the reaction, the concentration of the gas released by the interaction between the tested living organism and the environment in different bands before and after the reaction of each experimental group was calculated; Finally, the reaction rate of gas released by the interaction between the tested organisms and the environment before and after the reaction in different experimental groups was calculated.

10. The method for monitoring the spectral characteristics of gases released by the interaction between a living organism and the environment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The formula for reaction rate is: Reaction rate = (concentration before reaction - concentration after reaction) / reaction time.

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