Seismic wave multi-module and low-noise in-situ sensing system and sensing method through multidirectional buffering

Abstract

The invention relates to an earthquake monitoring technology, in particular to an earthquake wave multi-module low-noise in-situ sensing system and method through multidirectional buffering, and the system integrates a main body rod structure, a vibration sensor, a swing sensor and a resistivity sensor. The vibration sensor is elastically and movably arranged at the top of the main body rod structure along the axis direction of the main body rod structure to form a longitudinal wave sensing module; the swing sensor is slidably arranged on the upper portion of the main body rod structure in the radial direction of the main body rod structure in a buffering mode and can rotate around the axis of the main body rod structure, and a transverse wave sensing module is formed. The resistivity sensor is detachably installed on the upper portion of the main body rod structure, and a first buffer structure is arranged between the resistivity sensor and the swing sensor. According to plumb vibration and horizontal vibration monitoring induction corresponding to longitudinal waves and transverse waves generated by seismic waves in a three-dimensional space, low-magnitude environment vibration is subjected to energy absorption and noise reduction through elastic energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an earthquake monitoring technology, in particular to an earthquake wave multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system and a sensing method through multi-directional buffering. Background Art

[0002] Seismic wave monitoring is the measurement and analysis of shock waves received by equipment during an earthquake through various physical means; its theoretical basis is basically concentrated on the propagation characteristics and wave theory of seismic waves, and data is collected through instruments and equipment.

[0003] Specifically, it can be divided into seismic network monitoring, seismic instrument monitoring and geomagnetic monitoring. The most common seismic instrument monitoring is generally carried out with the help of instruments such as displacement meters and vibration accelerometers; while the geoelectric observation of the seismic network is mainly based on the georesistivity observation of the symmetrical quadrupole device, and its observation curve usually has long-term changes, annual changes, daily changes and steps.

[0004] Geomagnetic monitoring is greatly affected by the environment because the principle of geomagnetic monitoring is to use changes in the magnetic field to detect targets, but many substances will affect the magnetic field, such as cables, metal components, etc. These external factors will interfere with the accuracy and stability of the geomagnetic monitor, resulting in increased errors.

[0005] Academics and applications generally monitor seismic waves from the dimension of fluctuation based on the same principle. The measured data have certain tendencies in certain characteristics, are relatively single in dimension, and are more obviously affected by inducing factors. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a seismic wave multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system and sensing method through multi-directional buffering to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system for seismic waves through multi-directional buffering, comprising: A main rod structure, the main rod structure is in contact with and fixed to the ground; A vibration sensor, wherein the vibration sensor is elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main rod structure along the axis direction of the main rod structure to form a longitudinal wave sensing module; A swing sensor, which is slidably arranged on the upper part of the main rod structure in a buffered manner along the radial direction of the main rod structure, and the swing sensor can rotate around the axis of the main rod structure to form a shear wave sensing module; A resistivity sensor is detachably mounted on the upper portion of the main rod structure, and a first buffer structure is provided between the resistivity sensor and the swing sensor.

[0008] A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering as described above: the vibration sensor is elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure through the second buffer structure; The swing sensor is arranged on the upper part of the main rod structure in a radial direction of the main rod structure in a buffering manner through a third buffer structure; The first buffer structure, the second buffer structure, and the third buffer structure are connected via a synchronous adjustment mechanism, and the synchronous adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the elastic damping of the vibration sensor, the rotation damping of the swing sensor, and the sliding buffer damping of the swing sensor.

[0009] A multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves through multi-directional buffering as described above: the main rod structure comprises a rod body and a grounding terminal detachably mounted on the lower end of the rod body through a thread, and a tip is formed at one end of the grounding terminal away from the rod body; The tip is a metal conductive part, and the tip is connected to the resistivity sensor through a wire passing through the center of the rod body.

[0010] A multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system for seismic waves through multi-directional buffering as described above: the resistivity sensor is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure through a flat support mechanism, the flat support mechanism includes a bracket and a clamp, one end of the bracket is formed with a semicircular arc portion, and the clamp is also in a semicircular arc shape; One end of the clamp is rotatably connected to the bracket, the resistivity sensor is fixedly mounted on the bracket, and a screw sleeve is provided on one side of the bracket, and a fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve; One end of the fastening bolt forms a knob, and the other end of the fastening bolt is rotatably provided with a rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the clamp.

[0011] A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system through multi-directional buffering as described above: a swing support mechanism is provided on one side of the rod body along the radial direction of the rod body, and the swing sensor is provided on the swing support mechanism; The swing support mechanism comprises a swing frame with one end rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bracket through a second rotating shaft, and the swing frame is provided with sliding grooves symmetrically along its length direction, and a slider is slidably arranged in the sliding groove; A limit rod is arranged on each of the slide blocks, the third buffer structure comprises sleeves arranged at both ends of the swing sensor, the limit rod is slidably fitted with the sleeves, and a first spring is arranged between the limit rod and the sleeves.

[0012] A seismic wave multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system through multi-directional buffering as described above: the first buffer structure includes a buffer sleeve having one end rotatably connected to the bracket through a first rotating shaft, a connecting column having one end rotatably connected to the swing frame, and a second spring elastically connecting the connecting column and the buffer sleeve; The buffer sleeve is slidably fitted with the connecting column, and one end of the connecting column extending into the buffer sleeve forms an end cap. The second spring is divided into two sections, one of which is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting column extending into the buffer sleeve, and the other is placed in the buffer sleeve. One ends of the two sections of the second spring respectively abut against both sides of the end cap.

[0013] A seismic wave multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system through multi-directional buffering as described above: the second buffer structure is connected by a threaded connection to an assembly shell fixed to the top of the rod body, a jacking piece adjustably arranged in the rod body, and a mounting barrel frame elastically arranged between the assembly shell and the jacking piece; Wherein, an embedding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the assembly shell, the assembly shell and the nest are slidably matched, and an outer convex portion is formed on the outer wall of the nest, and the outer convex portion and the embedding groove are slidably matched; A fourth spring is arranged between the nest and the assembly shell, and the upper part of the mounting tube frame conflicts with the nest; a third spring is arranged between the lower part of the mounting tube frame and the lifting member, and the vibration sensor is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting tube frame.

[0014] A multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves through multi-directional buffering as described above: a No. 1 double-ended lead screw is rotatably provided on the swing frame, and the slider is threadedly connected to the No. 1 double-ended lead screw; The buffer sleeve is provided with a straight groove, and a second double-ended screw is rotatably arranged above the buffer sleeve; Two stopper plates are symmetrically slidably arranged in the buffer sleeve, one of which is slidably matched with the connecting column, and the upper part of the stopper plate is threadedly connected with the second double-start lead screw and slides through the straight groove; One end of one section of the second spring abuts against one of the stopper sheets, and the other end abuts against one side of the top cap; One end of another section of the second spring abuts against another stopper sheet, and the other end abuts against the other side of the top cap.

[0015] A multi-module, low-noise in-situ induction system for seismic waves through multi-directional buffering as described above: the synchronous adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment screw rotatably arranged outside the rod body, the adjustment screw is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hoop, and the internal threaded hoop is fixedly connected to the jacking member through one of the arms; A spiral groove is formed at the lower part of the second rotating shaft, the lifting member is fixedly connected to the ring sleeve through another supporting arm, and a through groove is opened on the outside of the rod body for the two supporting arms to pass through and slide; A ball is movably embedded on the inner wall of the ring sleeve, the ball is rollingly engaged with the spiral groove, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft through a transmission member; The second intermediate rotating shaft is connected to the first double-ended lead screw via a set of bevel gear sets, and the second intermediate rotating shaft is connected to the second double-ended lead screw via another set of bevel gear sets.

[0016] A method for in-situ multi-module, low-noise sensing of seismic waves using the in-situ sensing system as described above comprises the following steps: Step 1: calibrate the measuring points. Select multiple calibration points in the monitoring area according to the geological characteristics, and assemble the rod body and the grounding terminal together. Before assembly, connect the grounding terminal and the resistivity sensor together through a wire, and then connect the vibration sensor, swing sensor, and resistivity sensor to the signal host together; Step 2: Installation and debugging: insert the tip of the grounding terminal into the ground at the calibration point, and after reaching the predetermined depth, connect the power to each sensor; the initial reading of the resistivity sensor needs to be recorded separately, and then the vibration sensor and the swing sensor need to be zeroed; Step 3, determining the environmental noise coefficient, determining the average value of the environmental induced vibration, adjusting the longitudinal vibration buffer strength of the vibration sensor, the horizontal radial vibration buffer strength of the swing sensor, and the yaw buffer strength of the swing sensor according to the average value of the induced vibration, and compensating for the induced vibration error; Step 4: Start monitoring induction and regularly record the signal strength of each frequency band on the signal host, including the longitudinal vibration strength, horizontal vibration strength, horizontal swing strength, and the resistivity change trend of the grounding terminal; Step five: Summarize the records, collect the data monitored in step four, and perform curve fitting through functional equations to obtain the in-situ geological seismic waves (transverse waves and longitudinal waves) and crustal pressure trends, analyze the results and discuss the conclusions.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: for the monitoring induction of the plumb vibration and horizontal vibration corresponding to the longitudinal and transverse waves generated by seismic waves in three-dimensional space, the vibration sensor is elastically and movably arranged on the top of the main rod structure by sensing the longitudinal wave, and the elastic energy storage is used to absorb and eliminate the low-level environmental vibration; For the shear waves generated by induced vibration, whether it is torque or radial vibration generated by the swing sensor, it can be well de-noised.

[0018] In addition, the resistivity sensor is used to sense and monitor the seismic waves according to the changes in crustal pressure caused by the seismic waves. That is, the present invention combines the two-dimensional sensing monitoring of seismic wave vibration and crustal pressure, with more independent variables sensed, which is more objective and accurate.

[0019] Finally, the first buffer structure, the second buffer structure, and the third buffer structure can adjust the noise reduction intensity synchronously and correspondingly through the structural transmission characteristics of the arrangement. By synchronously adjusting the buffer strength of the three, the noise reduction intensity in the three degrees of freedom can be adjusted correspondingly to each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structural part of a multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system for seismic waves through multi-directional buffering.

[0021] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure after the grounding terminal is removed from one end of the rod body.

[0022] Figure 3 For Figure 1 A partial view of the upper part is taken based on the front view.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 3D view of the .

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Another 3D view.

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Another 3D view.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Another 3D view.

[0027] Figure 8 For Figure 3 3D view of the bracket after it is detached from the rod body.

[0028] Fig. 9 For Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure after the buffer sleeve and the connecting column are separated.

[0029] Fig.10 For Fig. 9 The structural schematic diagram after the connecting column and the second spring are further separated.

[0030] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the swing sensor is removed from the swing frame.

[0031] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the vibration sensor is removed from the top of the mounting tube frame.

[0032] Fig.13 for Figure 3 Top view of the .

[0033] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Sectional view along AA direction.

[0034] Fig.15 for Fig.14 3D view of the .

[0035] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the nest is removed from the assembled shell.

[0036] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the support arms on both sides of the lifting part and the ball structure in the ring sleeve.

[0037] Fig.18 for Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0038] In the figure: 1, rod body; 2, grounding terminal; 3, vibration sensor; 4, swing sensor; 5, resistivity sensor; 6, swing support mechanism; 601, swing frame; 602, No. 1 double-ended screw; 603, slide groove; 604, slider; 605, limit rod; 606, first spring; 607, plug sleeve; 7, flat support mechanism; 701, bracket; 702, clamp; 703, screw sleeve; 704, fastening bolt; 705, connecting rod; 8, Buffer sleeve; 801, straight groove; 9, connecting column; 10, No. 2 double-ended screw; 11, stop plate; 12, second spring; 13, first rotating shaft; 14, transmission member; 15, second rotating shaft; 16, ring sleeve; 17, lifting member; 18, internal threaded hoop; 19, adjusting screw; 20, third spring; 21, mounting tube frame; 22, nesting; 2201, outer protrusion; 23, fourth spring; 24, assembly shell; 2401, embedded groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0040] See also Figure 1 to Figure 18 As an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-module, low-noise in-situ sensing system for seismic waves through multi-directional buffering comprises: A main rod structure, wherein the main rod structure is in good contact with the ground and is fixed; A vibration sensor 3, wherein the vibration sensor 3 is elastically and movably installed on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure to form a longitudinal wave sensing module, and the vibration sensor 3 is a vibration-type acceleration sensor; A swing sensor 4, wherein the swing sensor 4 is slidably arranged on the upper part of the main rod structure in a buffered manner along the radial direction of the main rod structure, and the swing sensor 4 can rotate around the axis of the main rod structure to form a transverse wave sensing module; The resistivity sensor 5 is detachably mounted on the upper portion of the main rod structure, and a first buffer structure is provided between the resistivity sensor 5 and the swing sensor 4 .

[0041] In this embodiment, for the plumb bob vibration and horizontal vibration monitoring induction corresponding to the longitudinal and transverse waves generated by earthquake waves in three-dimensional space, the vibration sensor 3 is elastically and movably arranged on the top of the main pole structure by sensing the longitudinal wave, and the elastic energy storage is used to absorb and eliminate noise for low-level environmental vibrations (induced vibrations not caused by earthquake waves, such as building collapse, heavy-loaded vehicles passing by, reservoir water storage, etc.); At the same time, the shear wave detection is induced by the swing sensor 4. If the radial direction of the main rod structure where the swing sensor 4 is located is at an angle with the shear wave direction, the swing sensor 4 will generate torque, and then sense and detect the signal; if the radial direction of the main rod structure where the swing sensor 4 is located is exactly consistent with the shear wave direction, the swing sensor 4 will generate radial vibration; In the present invention, the swing sensor 4 is slidably arranged on the upper part of the main rod structure in a radial direction of the main rod structure so as to be buffered, and a first buffer structure is arranged between the resistivity sensor 5 and the swing sensor 4. Therefore, for the transverse waves generated by the induced vibration, whether it is torque or radial vibration generated on the swing sensor 4, noise elimination can be well performed.

[0042] In addition, the resistivity sensor 4 is used to sense and monitor the seismic waves according to the crustal pressure changes caused by the seismic waves. That is, the present invention combines the two-dimensional sensing monitoring of seismic wave vibration and crustal pressure, and the sensing independent variables are more numerous and more objective and accurate.

[0043] As a further solution of the present invention, the vibration sensor 3 is elastically and movably installed on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure through a second buffer structure; The swing sensor 4 is arranged on the upper part of the main rod structure in a radial direction of the main rod structure in a buffering manner through a third buffer structure; The first buffer structure, the second buffer structure, and the third buffer structure are connected via a synchronous adjustment mechanism, and the synchronous adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the elastic damping of the vibration sensor 3, the rotational damping of the swing sensor 4, and the sliding buffer damping of the swing sensor 4.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first buffer structure provided in the present invention can specifically eliminate the noise of the longitudinal waves, while the second buffer structure and the third buffer structure can eliminate the noise of the torque and radial vibration generated by the shear waves on the swing sensor 4.

[0045] Moreover, the first buffer structure, the second buffer structure, and the third buffer structure in the present application can adjust the noise reduction intensity synchronously and correspondingly. By synchronously adjusting the buffer intensity of the three, the noise reduction intensity in the three degrees of freedom can be adjusted correspondingly to each other.

[0046] As a further solution of the present invention, the main rod structure includes a rod body 1 and a grounding terminal 2 detachably mounted on the lower end of the rod body 1 through a thread, and a tip is formed at one end of the grounding terminal 2 away from the rod body 1; The tip is a metal conductive part, and the tip is connected to the resistivity sensor 5 through a wire passing through the center of the rod body 1 .

[0047] In this embodiment, earthquakes are caused by changes in the gravity of the solar system and the earth. Changes in the earth's gravity cause the earth to pulsate (expand and contract). The crustal pressure of the earth's pulsation will inevitably increase, causing the "earth resistivity" to decrease. It is this change in crustal pressure that triggers major earthquakes, so the sharp drop in "earth resistivity" can be used as one of the methods for earthquake prediction and forecasting.

[0048] In the present invention, the ground resistivity is monitored by inserting a tip into the ground, and earthquakes are predicted by observing changes in resistivity. The setting of the tip enables the main rod structure in the present invention to be tested directly on site, and to be used for induction monitoring anytime and anywhere, not limited to experimental testing, thereby achieving the purpose of in-situ sensing.

[0049] As a further solution of the present invention, the resistivity sensor 5 is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure through a flat support mechanism 7, and the flat support mechanism 7 includes a bracket 701 and a clamp 702, one end of the bracket 701 is formed with a semicircular arc portion, and the clamp 702 is also in a semicircular arc shape; One end of the clamp 702 is rotatably connected to the bracket 701, the resistivity sensor 5 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 701, and a screw sleeve 703 is provided on one side of the bracket 701, and a fastening bolt 704 is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve 703; One end of the fastening bolt 704 forms a knob, and the other end of the fastening bolt 704 is rotatably provided with a rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 705, and the other end of the connecting rod 705 is hinged to the clamp 702.

[0050] In this embodiment, the fastening bolt 704 is driven to rotate by turning the knob. The fastening bolt 704 rotates under the action of the threaded sleeve 703 while approaching or moving away from the clamp 702, thereby driving the rotating sleeve clamp 702 to approach or move away. Finally, the clamp 702 is driven to rotate through the connecting rod 705, so that the clamp 702 cooperates with the ring hoop formed by one end of the bracket 701 to open or close, thereby realizing the detachable setting of the bracket 701 on the rod body 1.

[0051] As a further solution of the present invention, a swing support mechanism 6 is provided on one side of the rod body 1 along the radial direction of the rod body 1, and the swing sensor 4 is provided on the swing support mechanism 6; The swing support mechanism 6 includes a swing frame 601, one end of which is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bracket 701 through the second rotating shaft 15. The swing frame 601 is symmetrically provided with slide grooves 603 along its length direction. A slider 604 is slidably arranged in the slide groove 603. A limit rod 605 is provided on each of the sliders 604 , and the third buffer structure includes sleeves 607 provided at both ends of the swing sensor 4 , the limit rod 605 is slidably fitted with the sleeve 607 , and a first spring 606 is also provided between the limit rod 605 and the sleeve 607 .

[0052] In this embodiment, if the direction of the transverse wave generated by the induced vibration is consistent with the length direction of the swing frame 601 , the swing sensor 4 can eliminate noise by moving along the length direction of the swing frame 601 and compressing the first spring 606 .

[0053] As a further solution of the present invention, the first buffer structure includes a buffer sleeve 8 having one end rotatably connected to the bracket 701 via a first rotating shaft 13, a connecting column 9 having one end rotatably connected to the swing frame 601, and a second spring 12 elastically connecting the connecting column 9 and the buffer sleeve 8; The buffer sleeve 8 is slidably fitted with the connecting column 9, and one end of the connecting column 9 extending into the buffer sleeve 8 forms an end cap. The second spring 12 is divided into two sections, one of which is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting column 9 extending into the buffer sleeve 8, and the other section is placed in the buffer sleeve 8. One ends of the two sections of the second spring 12 respectively abut against the two sides of the end cap.

[0054] It should be noted that the first rotating shaft 13 is rotationally connected to the bracket 701 and is also rotationally connected to one end of the buffer sleeve 8 ; the second rotating shaft 15 is rotationally connected to the bracket 701 and is also rotationally connected to the swing frame 601 .

[0055] In this embodiment, after the bracket 701 is fixed to the rod body 1 by the clamp 702, the bracket 701 can no longer move. If the swing frame 601 wants to deflect closer to the bracket 701, the connecting column 9 needs to further extend into the buffer sleeve 8 and squeeze one section of the second spring 12; if the swing frame 601 wants to deflect away from the bracket 701, the connecting column 9 needs to be pulled out of the buffer sleeve 8 for a section and squeeze the other section of the second spring 12.

[0056] That is, no matter how the swing frame 601 swings, it will be buffered by the second spring 12 .

[0057] As a further solution of the present invention, the second buffer structure is connected by threading to an assembly shell 24 fixed to the top of the rod body 1, a lifting member 17 adjustably arranged in the rod body 1, and a mounting cylinder frame 21 elastically arranged between the assembly shell 24 and the lifting member 17; The inner wall of the assembly shell 24 is provided with an embedding groove 2401, the assembly shell 24 and the nest 22 are slidably matched, and the outer wall of the nest 22 is formed with an outer protrusion 2201, the outer protrusion 2201 and the embedding groove 2401 are slidably matched; A fourth spring 23 is provided between the nest 22 and the assembly shell 24 , and the upper part of the mounting tube frame 21 is in conflict with the nest 22 ; a third spring 20 is provided between the lower part of the mounting tube frame 21 and the lifting member 17 , and the vibration sensor 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting tube frame 21 .

[0058] In this embodiment, the third spring 20 and the fourth spring 23 are used to buffer the mounting cylinder frame 21 from upper and lower directions respectively, thereby achieving the purpose of buffering the vibration sensor 3 .

[0059] In addition, because the position of the lifting member 17 in the rod body 1 is adjustable, it is equivalent to that the initial compression amount of the third spring 20 and the fourth spring 23 is adjustable, that is, the initial buffer damping of the mounting cylinder frame 21 is adjustable.

[0060] As a further solution of the present invention, a No. 1 double-ended screw 602 is rotatably provided on the swing frame 601, and the slider 604 is threadedly connected to the No. 1 double-ended screw 602; The buffer sleeve 8 is provided with a straight groove 801, and a second double-ended lead screw 10 is rotatably provided above the buffer sleeve 8; Two stopper plates 11 are symmetrically slidably provided in the buffer sleeve 8, one of the stopper plates 11 is slidably matched with the connecting column 9, and the upper portion of the stopper plate 11 is threadedly connected with the second double-ended lead screw 10 and slides through the straight groove 801; One end of one section of the second spring 12 abuts against one of the stopper sheets 11, and the other end abuts against one side of the top cap; One end of another section of the second spring 12 abuts against another stopper 11 , and the other end abuts against the other side of the top cap.

[0061] In this embodiment, the two sliders 604 are driven to move closer to or away from each other by rotating the No. 1 double-headed screw 602, thereby driving the symmetrical limit rods 605 on both sides closer to or away from each other, thereby adjusting the initial compression amount of the two first springs 606, and finally achieving the vibration buffering damping adjustment of the swing sensor 4.

[0062] By rotating the second double-ended lead screw 10 , the two stop plates 11 are driven to move closer to or farther from each other, thereby driving the initial compression of the two sections of the second spring 12 , thereby achieving a swing buffering and damping sleeve for the swing sensor 4 .

[0063] As a further solution of the present invention, the synchronous adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw 19 rotatably arranged outside the rod body 1, the adjustment screw 19 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hoop 18, and the internal threaded hoop 18 is fixedly connected to the lifting member 17 through one of the arms; The lower part of the second rotating shaft 15 is formed with a spiral groove, the lifting member 17 is fixedly connected to the ring sleeve 16 through another supporting arm, and the rod body 1 is provided with a through groove for the two supporting arms to pass through and slide. A ball is movably embedded on the inner wall of the ring sleeve 16, and the ball is rollingly engaged with the spiral groove, and the second rotating shaft 15 is connected to the first rotating shaft 13 through a transmission member 14; The second intermediate rotating shaft 15 is connected to the first double-ended screw 602 via a set of bevel gear sets, and the second intermediate rotating shaft 15 is connected to the second double-ended screw 10 via another set of bevel gear sets.

[0064] In this embodiment, the internal threaded hoop 18 can be driven to rise by rotating the adjusting screw 19, and then the lifting member 17 can be driven to move upward with the help of one of the supporting arms; the upward movement of the lifting member 17 can further compress the third spring 20, and the third spring 20 transmits elastic force to the nesting 22 through the mounting tube frame 21, so that the fourth spring 23 is also further compressed. In this way, because the elastic forces of the third spring 20 and the fourth spring 23 are equal, both are further compressed, and the elastic buffer strength is increased.

[0065] When the lifting member 17 moves upward, the other arm drives the ring sleeve 16 to rise, and drives the second rotating shaft 15 to rotate by means of the cooperation between the ball and the spiral groove. The second rotating shaft 15 drives the first rotating shaft 13 to rotate synchronously through the transmission member 14. Among them, the second rotating shaft 15 also drives the No. 1 double-headed screw 602 to rotate through a set of bevel gear groups, so that the two sliders 604 approach each other, causing the two symmetrically arranged limit rods 605 to approach each other, further compressing the first springs 606 on both sides, thereby improving the radial vibration buffering strength of the swing sensor 4.

[0066] The first rotating shaft 13 drives the second double-headed screw 10 to rotate through another set of bevel gears, so that the two stop plates 11 approach each other, further compressing the two sections of the second spring 12, thereby increasing the swing buffer strength of the swing frame 601, that is, increasing the swing buffer strength of the swing sensor 4.

[0067] In addition, the present invention also proposes a method for in-situ multi-module, low-noise sensing of seismic waves using the in-situ sensing system as described above, comprising the following steps: Step 1: calibrate the measuring points. Select multiple calibration points in the monitoring area according to the geological characteristics, and assemble the rod body and the grounding terminal together. Before assembly, connect the grounding terminal and the resistivity sensor together through a wire, and then connect the vibration sensor, swing sensor, and resistivity sensor to the signal host together; Step 2: Installation and debugging: insert the tip of the grounding terminal into the ground at the calibration point, and after reaching the predetermined depth, connect the power to each sensor; the initial reading of the resistivity sensor needs to be recorded separately, and then the vibration sensor and the swing sensor need to be zeroed; Step 3, determining the environmental noise coefficient, determining the average value of the environmental induced vibration, adjusting the longitudinal vibration buffer strength of the vibration sensor, the horizontal radial vibration buffer strength of the swing sensor, and the yaw buffer strength of the swing sensor according to the average value of the induced vibration, and compensating for the induced vibration error; Step 4: Start monitoring induction and regularly record the signal strength of each frequency band on the signal host, including the longitudinal vibration strength, horizontal vibration strength, horizontal swing strength, and the resistivity change trend of the grounding terminal; Step five: Summarize the records, collect the data monitored in step four, and perform curve fitting through functional equations to obtain the in-situ geological seismic waves (transverse waves and longitudinal waves) and crustal pressure trends, analyze the results and discuss the conclusions.

[0068] The above embodiments are exemplary rather than restrictive, so the technical solutions of the present invention that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention are all included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system through multi-directional buffering, characterized in that: include: A main rod structure, the main rod structure is in contact with and fixed to the ground; A vibration sensor (3), the vibration sensor (3) being elastically and movably mounted on the top of the main body rod structure along the axial direction of the main body rod structure to form a longitudinal wave sensing module; A swing sensor (4), the swing sensor (4) being slidably arranged at an upper portion of the main rod structure in a buffered manner along the radial direction of the main rod structure, and the swing sensor (4) being rotatable around the axis of the main rod structure to form a transverse wave sensing module; A resistivity sensor (5) is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure, and a first buffer structure is provided between the resistivity sensor (5) and the swing sensor (4).

2. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration sensor (3) is elastically and movably installed on the top of the main rod structure along the axial direction of the main rod structure through a second buffer structure; The swing sensor (4) is arranged on the upper part of the main body rod structure in a radial direction of the main body rod structure in a buffering manner through a third buffer structure; The first buffer structure, the second buffer structure and the third buffer structure are connected via a synchronous adjustment mechanism, and the synchronous adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the elastic damping of the vibration sensor (3), the rotation damping of the swing sensor (4), and the sliding buffer damping of the swing sensor (4).

3. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main rod structure comprises a rod body (1) and a grounding terminal (2) detachably mounted on the lower end of the rod body (1) via a thread, wherein the end of the grounding terminal (2) facing away from the rod body (1) is formed with a pointed end; The tip is a metal conductive portion, and the tip is connected to the resistivity sensor (5) via a wire passing through the center of the rod body (1).

4. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistivity sensor (5) is detachably mounted on the upper part of the main rod structure via a flat support mechanism (7), the flat support mechanism (7) comprising a bracket (701) and a clamp (702), one end of the bracket (701) is formed with a semicircular arc portion, and the clamp (702) is also in a semicircular arc shape; One end of the clamp (702) is rotatably connected to the bracket (701), the resistivity sensor (5) is fixedly mounted on the bracket (701), and a screw sleeve (703) is provided on one side of the bracket (701), and a fastening bolt (704) is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve (703); One end of the fastening bolt (704) forms a knob, and the other end of the fastening bolt (704) is rotatably provided with a rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is hinged to one end of a connecting rod (705), and the other end of the connecting rod (705) is hinged to the clamp (702).

5. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering according to claim 4, characterized in that: A swing support mechanism (6) is provided on one side of the rod body (1) along the radial direction of the rod body (1), and the swing sensor (4) is provided on the swing support mechanism (6); The swing support mechanism (6) comprises a swing frame (601) having one end rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bracket (701) via a second rotating shaft (15), and the swing frame (601) is provided with sliding grooves (603) symmetrically along its length direction, and a sliding block (604) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (603); A limit rod (605) is provided on each of the slide blocks (604), the third buffer structure comprises sleeves (607) provided at both ends of the swing sensor (4), the limit rod (605) and the sleeve (607) are slidably fitted together, and a first spring (606) is further provided between the limit rod (605) and the sleeve (607).

6. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first buffer structure comprises a buffer sleeve (8) having one end rotatably connected to the bracket (701) via a first rotating shaft (13), a connecting column (9) having one end rotatably connected to the swing frame (601), and a second spring (12) elastically connecting the connecting column (9) and the buffer sleeve (8); The buffer sleeve (8) and the connecting column (9) are slidably fitted, and one end of the connecting column (9) extending into the buffer sleeve (8) forms an end cap. The second spring (12) is composed of two sections, one of which is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting column (9) extending into the buffer sleeve (8), and the other is placed in the buffer sleeve (8). One end of the two sections of the second spring (12) respectively abuts against two sides of the end cap.

7. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second buffer structure is connected by threaded connection to an assembly shell (24) fixed to the top of the rod body (1), a lifting member (17) adjustably arranged in the rod body (1), and a mounting cartridge frame (21) elastically arranged between the assembly shell (24) and the lifting member (17); An embedding groove (2401) is provided on the inner wall of the assembly shell (24), the assembly shell (24) and the nest (22) are slidably matched, an outer convex portion (2201) is formed on the outer wall of the nest (22), and the outer convex portion (2201) and the embedding groove (2401) are slidably matched; A fourth spring (23) is provided between the nest (22) and the assembly shell (24), and the upper part of the mounting cartridge frame (21) is in contact with the nest (22); a third spring (20) is provided between the lower part of the mounting cartridge frame (21) and the lifting member (17), and the vibration sensor (3) is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting cartridge frame (21).

8. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first double-ended lead screw (602) is rotatably disposed on the swing frame (601), and the slider (604) is threadedly connected to the first double-ended lead screw (602); The buffer sleeve (8) is provided with a straight groove (801), and a second double-ended lead screw (10) is rotatably arranged above the buffer sleeve (8); Two stopper plates (11) are symmetrically slidably provided in the buffer sleeve (8), one of the stopper plates (11) is slidably engaged with the connecting column (9), and the upper portion of the stopper plate (11) is threadedly connected to the second double-ended lead screw (10) and slides through the straight groove (801); One end of one section of the second spring (12) abuts against one of the stop sheets (11), and the other end abuts against one side of the top cap; One end of another section of the second spring (12) abuts against another stopper (11), and the other end abuts against the other side of the top cap.

9. A multi-module, low-noise in-situ seismic wave sensing system with multi-directional buffering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The synchronous adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment screw (19) rotatably arranged outside the rod body (1), the adjustment screw (19) being threadedly connected to an internally threaded sleeve (18), and the internally threaded sleeve (18) being fixedly connected to a lifting member (17) via one of the supporting arms; A spiral groove is formed at the lower part of the second rotating shaft (15); the lifting member (17) is fixedly connected to the ring sleeve (16) through another supporting arm; and a through groove is formed on the outside of the rod body (1) for the two supporting arms to pass through and slide. A ball is movably embedded on the inner wall of the ring sleeve (16), the ball is rollingly engaged with the spiral groove, and the second rotating shaft (15) is connected to the first rotating shaft (13) via a transmission member (14); The second intermediate rotating shaft (15) is connected to the first double-ended lead screw (602) via a set of bevel gear sets, and the second intermediate rotating shaft (15) is connected to the second double-ended lead screw (10) via another set of bevel gear sets.

10. A method for in-situ multi-module, low-noise sensing of seismic waves using the in-situ sensing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: calibrate the measuring points. Select multiple calibration points in the monitoring area according to the geological characteristics, and assemble the rod body and the grounding terminal together. Before assembly, connect the grounding terminal and the resistivity sensor together through a wire, and then connect the vibration sensor, swing sensor, and resistivity sensor to the signal host together; Step 2: Installation and debugging: insert the tip of the grounding terminal into the ground at the calibration point, and after reaching the predetermined depth, connect the power to each sensor; the initial reading of the resistivity sensor needs to be recorded separately, and then the vibration sensor and the swing sensor need to be zeroed; Step 3, determining the environmental noise coefficient, determining the average value of the environmental induced vibration, adjusting the longitudinal vibration buffer strength of the vibration sensor, the horizontal radial vibration buffer strength of the swing sensor, and the yaw buffer strength of the swing sensor according to the average value of the induced vibration, and compensating for the induced vibration error; Step 4: Start monitoring induction and regularly record the signal strength of each frequency band on the signal host, including the longitudinal vibration strength, horizontal vibration strength, horizontal swing strength, and the resistivity change trend of the grounding terminal; Step five, summarize the records, collect the data monitored in step four, and perform curve fitting through functional equations to obtain the trends of in-situ geological seismic waves and crustal pressure, analyze the results and discuss the conclusions.

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