Thermal insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of safety materials, in particular to a thermal insulation board based on a carbon nanotube composite phase change material, which comprises a thermal insulation substrate material, a phase change material solution and a packaging structure, and is characterized in that the thermal insulation substrate material is composed of an organic felt material or an inorganic felt material; the phase change material solution is composed of carbon nanotubes, a phase change material, a composite additive solution, a pH regulator and an additive; the packaging structure is a packaging bag or a packaging film structure made of a packaging material; the heat insulation substrate material and the phase change material solution are compounded and cured to form a composite phase change structure, the composite phase change structure is loaded into a packaging structure to be sealed, and the heat insulation plate is obtained after hot press molding. The device is mainly applied to a heat insulation device in an energy storage system, the solid-gas phase change technology is adopted, rapid absorption and release of energy are achieved under different temperature conditions, the energy density is high, more energy can be absorbed and stored, and continuous and stable energy supply is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of safety materials, and in particular to a heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material. Background Art

[0002] Phase change material, referred to as PCM (Phase Change Material), is a new type of composite material that uses the material to store / release energy by absorbing or releasing a large amount of latent heat during the phase change process. The specific phase change process is: when the ambient temperature is higher than the phase change temperature, the material absorbs and stores heat to lower the ambient temperature; when the ambient temperature is lower than the phase change temperature, the material releases the stored heat to increase the ambient temperature; it is obvious that the phase change material can absorb the heat (cold) of the environment during its phase change process, and release heat (cold) to the environment when needed, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the ambient temperature.

[0003] With the development of new energy, electricity has become an increasingly important energy source. There is a lack of effective control measures for battery thermal runaway and thermal management. Battery thermal runaway is caused by multiple uncontrollable reasons. Once thermal runaway occurs, it will cause immeasurable safety accidents, and current fire-fighting methods cannot effectively extinguish the fire.

[0004] Aerogel structures are currently used for thermal insulation of battery energy storage and thermal insulation. However, the thermal insulation performance of aerogel mainly depends on its internal nanoporous structure. In practical applications, this structure may be affected by many factors, such as temperature, pressure, humidity, etc., which will cause the thermal insulation effect to deviate. When the battery has thermal runaway and the temperature is too high, the aerogel structure will collapse and melt, resulting in the failure of the thermal insulation performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material, which can realize intelligent switching of heat absorption, energy storage and heat insulation, thereby improving the thermal insulation effect.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides an insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material, including an insulation base material, a phase change material solution and a packaging structure, wherein: the insulation base material is composed of an organic felt material or an inorganic felt material; the phase change material solution is composed of carbon nanotubes, phase change material, a composite auxiliary agent solution, a pH regulator and additives; the packaging structure is a packaging bag or a packaging film structure composed of packaging materials; the insulation base material and the phase change material solution are composited and solidified to form a composite phase change structure, and then the composite phase change structure is loaded into the packaging structure for sealing, and the insulation board is obtained after hot pressing.

[0007] Furthermore, the organic felt material includes one or more of polyester fiber felt, polyimide felt, polyurethane felt and polypropylene felt; the inorganic felt material includes one or more of aerogel felt, ceramic wool felt, glass fiber felt, rock wool and glass wool felt.

[0008] Furthermore, the phase change material is one or more of crystalline hydrated salts, paraffin, fatty acids and polyols.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite auxiliary agent solution is a mixture of a composite auxiliary agent and a solvent, wherein the composite auxiliary agent is one or more of silicates, silicon oxides and silicon hydroxides; and the solvent is one or more of cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, water, dilute acid and dilute alkali.

[0010] Furthermore, the packaging material is one or more of polyester, aluminum foil, polyethylene, nylon and cast polypropylene.

[0011] Furthermore, the phase change temperature of the composite phase change structure is 90-120°C.

[0012] Furthermore, the flame retardant temperature is greater than 1200°C and the pressure resistance is greater than 2.0Mpa.

[0013] The present application provides a heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This application is mainly used in thermal insulation devices in energy storage systems. It adopts solid-gas phase change technology to achieve rapid absorption and release of energy under different temperature conditions. It has high energy density, can absorb and store more energy, and achieve continuous and stable energy supply. When thermal runaway occurs, it can quickly store and release heat, withstand high temperatures exceeding 1600°C, and has strong thermal insulation properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, so that other features, purposes and advantages of this application become more obvious. The schematic embodiment drawings and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat insulation board based on a carbon nanotube composite phase change material provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature change of the composite phase change structure in the embodiment of the present application in the actual application scenario of the simulated energy storage battery;

[0018] In the figure: 1-composite phase change structure, 2-packaging structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0021] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0022] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two or more.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the present application provides an insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material, including an insulation base material, a phase change material solution and a packaging structure 2, wherein: the insulation base material is composed of an organic felt material or an inorganic felt material; the phase change material solution is composed of carbon nanotubes, phase change material, a composite auxiliary agent solution, a pH regulator and additives; the packaging structure 2 is a packaging bag or a packaging film structure composed of packaging materials; the insulation base material and the phase change material solution are composited and cured to form a composite phase change structure 1, and then the composite phase change structure 1 is loaded into the packaging structure 2 for sealing, and the insulation board is obtained after hot pressing.

[0026] Specifically, the heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material provided in the embodiment of the present application is mainly used in the fields of pipeline insulation, cold chain logistics, new energy power batteries, energy storage system safety, data center energy saving and safety construction, etc. The heat insulation board is composed of flexible materials as the base material and is composited with high enthalpy value materials. It has the characteristics of plasticity, high heat absorption, non-toxicity and non-irritation, and can achieve heat absorption, energy storage and heat insulation. Among them, in the process of configuring the phase change material solution, carbon nanotubes are added to enhance the thermal conductivity and heat dissipation performance of the heat insulation board, and the tunnel effect and large π bond structure of carbon nanotubes are used to achieve rapid heat dissipation and enhance the energy conversion efficiency. In addition, the addition of metal foils such as copper foil is removed, which reduces the product cost while enhancing the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material.

[0027] More specifically, in the preparation process of the thermal insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material provided in the embodiment of the present application, the thermal insulation base material is first cut and baked according to the actual application situation, and then the phase change material solution is prepared. After the preparation is completed, the thermal insulation base material is fully immersed in the phase change material solution, and then solidified after soaking for a period of time to form a composite phase change structure 1. Subsequently, the packaging material is used to prepare the packaging structure 2. The packaging structure 2 is preferably a packaging bag. The composite phase change structure 1 is placed in the packaging bag, and vacuum is performed. Finally, the packaging bag as a whole is hot-pressed to obtain a thermal insulation board.

[0028] Furthermore, the organic felt material includes one or more of polyester fiber felt, polyimide felt, polyurethane felt and polypropylene felt; the inorganic felt material includes one or more of aerogel felt, ceramic wool felt, glass fiber felt, rock wool and glass wool felt. The thermal insulation base material is composed of organic felt material or inorganic felt material, mainly because it has good adsorption and certain compression resistance.

[0029] Furthermore, the phase change material is one or more of crystalline hydrated salts, paraffin, fatty acids and polyols. The use of phase change materials for heat insulation can quickly absorb or release heat, maintain the best temperature regulation state, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the heat source.

[0030] Furthermore, the composite auxiliary agent solution is a mixture of a composite auxiliary agent and a solvent, wherein the composite auxiliary agent is one or more of silicates, silicon oxides and silicon hydroxides; and the solvent is one or more of cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, water, dilute acid and dilute alkali.

[0031] Specifically, the additives include moisturizers, thickeners and structural additives, which are mainly used to enhance the thermal conductivity of the composite phase change structure, maintain the state of the phase change material and strengthen the performance; the PH regulator mainly adjusts the acidity and alkalinity of the solution according to the actual solution conditions. The phase change material solution prepared by using carbon nanotubes, phase change materials, composite auxiliary solution, PH regulator and additives as a whole can quickly conduct the heat from the heat source to the phase change material through its higher thermal conductivity and larger thermal enthalpy value under normal working conditions, which is different from the traditional thermal insulation board that cannot transmit heat due to the lower thermal conductivity and causes heat accumulation; in the embodiment of the present application, at high temperature, the composite phase change structure 1 is stimulated to undergo phase change and absorb a large amount of heat to maintain the temperature in the system at a lower value. When the thermal insulation board absorbs a large amount of heat and fails, it can still further prevent the transfer of temperature and the spread of fire through the porous structure.

[0032] Furthermore, the packaging material is one or more of polyester, aluminum foil, polyethylene, nylon and cast polypropylene. In the implementation of the present application, the packaging material is used to prepare the packaging structure 2, and the packaging material has certain insulation, high temperature resistance, flame retardancy and heat insulation. The packaging structure 2 is a packaging bag, a packaging film or other packaging structure, which mainly encapsulates and isolates the cured composite phase change structure 1 to a certain extent to ensure its phase change characteristics.

[0033] Furthermore, the phase change temperature of the composite phase change structure 1 is 90-120° C. The heat insulation board utilizes the characteristics of the composite phase change structure 1 to have the performance of low-temperature heat conduction, medium-temperature heat absorption and high-temperature heat insulation. During actual application, when the isolated heat source has an abnormal temperature, at a low temperature that has not reached the phase change boundary temperature, the insulation board will conduct heat to assist the abnormal heat source in dissipating heat and prevent the temperature of the abnormal heat source from gradually rising to the self-heating stage; when the abnormal heat source has thermal runaway and the temperature reaches the phase change point of the composite phase change structure 1 of the insulation board, the composite phase change structure 1 begins to undergo phase change and solid-gas conversion occurs, which will rapidly absorb heat, insulate, disperse, and discharge heat. The heat is slowly released through the carbon nanotube tunnel with the gas to maintain the temperature balance of the system, and the rest continues to play an auxiliary role in heat conduction to block the spread of heat; when the insulation board absorbs heat to a critical value and the temperature continues to rise, the composite phase change structure 1 continues to phase change and absorbs heat, and then gradually undergoes process catalytic conversion to generate a network structure crystal. Under continuous high temperature, the residual material is further converted into a porous structure crystal structure, which continues to play an insulating role to prevent the spread of fire.

[0034] Furthermore, the flame retardant temperature is greater than 1200°C and the withstand pressure is greater than 2.0Mpa. In the embodiment of the present application, the sample enthalpy value of the heat insulation board is 2298J / g; under the high temperature condition of 1500°C, it can achieve no heat penetration phenomenon for more than 1 hour, and even after the composite phase change structure 1 of the heat insulation board fails, it will not burn and will not produce harmful gases; and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in the simulation of the actual application scenario of the energy storage battery, when the insulation board is under a pressure of 3000Pa and a fire source temperature of 760℃, the back temperature does not exceed 100℃ within 25min, and the maximum fluctuation does not exceed 110℃, and the thermal insulation performance is good.

[0035] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material, characterized in that: It includes a heat-insulating base material, a phase-change material solution and a packaging structure, wherein: The heat-insulating base material is composed of an organic felt material or an inorganic felt material; The phase change material solution is composed of carbon nanotubes, phase change material, composite auxiliary agent solution, pH regulator and additives; The packaging structure is a packaging bag or packaging film structure composed of packaging materials; The heat-insulating base material and the phase-change material solution are composited and solidified to form a composite phase-change structure, and then the composite phase-change structure is placed in the packaging structure for sealing, and then hot-pressed to obtain a heat-insulating board.

2. The heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic felt material includes one or more of polyester fiber felt, polyimide felt, polyurethane felt and polypropylene felt; the inorganic felt material includes one or more of aerogel felt, ceramic wool felt, glass fiber felt, rock wool and glass wool felt.

3. The heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase change material is one or more of crystalline hydrated salts, paraffin, fatty acids and polyols.

4. The heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite auxiliary agent solution is formed by mixing a composite auxiliary agent and a solvent, wherein the composite auxiliary agent is one or more of silicates, silicon oxides and silicon hydroxides; and the solvent is one or more of cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, water, dilute acid and dilute alkali.

5. The heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The packaging material is one or more of polyester, aluminum foil, polyethylene, nylon and cast polypropylene.

6. The heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The phase change temperature of the composite phase change structure is 90-120°C.

7. The heat insulation board based on carbon nanotube composite phase change material according to claim 6, characterized in that: Flame retardant temperature>1200℃, pressure resistance>2.0Mpa.

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