Beneficiation method for recycling fine-fraction wolframite and scheelite by adopting plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tungsten ore tailing recovery, and particularly relates to a beneficiation method for recovering fine-grained wolframite and scheelite by adopting a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator, which comprises the following steps: S1, magnetic separation and tailing discarding: performing magnetic separation and enrichment on tungsten fine silt to be separated by adopting the plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic separation concentrate, and meanwhile, discarding magnetic separation tailings; and S2, reselection and concentration are conducted, specifically, final tungsten concentrate is obtained from magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 through a reselection method. According to the method, effective recovery of scheelite and wolframite fine silt resources is achieved, 85%-90% of tailings can be thrown away through magnetic separation and enrichment of the plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator, the treatment pressure of follow-up operation is greatly reduced, the recovery process is simple and efficient, and the recovery effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tungsten tailings recovery, and in particular relates to a beneficiation method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten by using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of society, ore mining has intensified, and mineral resources are becoming increasingly "poor, fine, and mixed" and difficult to handle. The more difficult it is to sort minerals, especially for fine-grained minerals. Due to the small mineral particle size, large specific surface area, small movement difference between particles, poor reagent selectivity, serious mechanical inclusions, and complex mineral composition, fine-grained minerals are difficult to sort, which is one of the difficult problems in the field of mineral processing. In particular, tungsten ore is brittle and easy to muddy during the crushing process. Tungsten fine mud is difficult to effectively recover. The tungsten lost in fine-grained tailings accounts for about 20% of the selected tungsten resources each year. In the prior art, different sorting processes are used to treat black tungsten fine mud, scheelite fine mud, and black and white tungsten mixed fine mud according to the different types of ore deposits. Black tungsten has a large density and weak magnetism, and is often recovered by gravity separation or magnetic separation; scheelite has good floatability and is often recovered by flotation; black and white tungsten mixed fine mud has more co-existing (associated) components and complex properties, and is often recovered by gravity, magnetic, and flotation combined processes.

[0003] At present, the magnetic separation equipment used in tungsten beneficiation processes generally refers to high-gradient magnetic separators, which are usually used to separate black and white tungsten, or to recover tungsten ore that is mainly composed of weakly magnetic wolframite (accounting for more than 80%), but are not applicable to the mixed recovery of black and white tungsten with more than 20% of scheelite. Patent document No. CN113262876A discloses a beneficiation method for recovering black and white tungsten from tailings, comprising the following steps: (1) flotation to remove sulfides; (2) weak magnetic separation to remove magnetic impurities; (3) high-gradient magnetic separation to separate black and white tungsten; (4) normal temperature flotation of scheelite; (5) gravity separation-flotation combined process to recover wolframite. Although the patent separates wolframite and scheelite in the desulfurization and iron removal tailings through high gradient magnetic separation, and focuses on desulfurization and iron removal, high gradient magnetic separation and separation, scheelite room temperature flotation, and wolframite gravity-magnetic combined recovery in view of the differences in the properties and separation characteristics of scheelite and wolframite, the recovery of scheelite and wolframite in the tailings is achieved, but the recovery process in the patent is complicated and cumbersome, and the cost is high, and it is not suitable for the efficient recovery of fine-grained (such as muddy) tungsten fine mud. Therefore, a beneficiation method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator is needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems, and its technical solution is:

[0005] A method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten by using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Magnetic separation and tailings discarding: The tungsten fine mud to be selected is concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic separation concentrate, and the magnetic separation tailings are discarded at the same time;

[0007] S2, gravity separation: The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is subjected to gravity separation to obtain the final tungsten concentrate.

[0008] Preferably, in S1, the discarded magnetic separation tailings account for 85% to 90% of the tungsten fine mud to be selected.

[0009] Preferably, in S1, the plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator is a permanent-magnet plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator. The permanent-magnet plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator has the advantages of high magnetic field strength, large processing capacity, low energy consumption, and strong adaptability. It is not only suitable for the recovery of wolframite with weak magnetism, but also has an enrichment effect on scheelite with large relative density due to its plate-type structure and the working principle of the upward rotating movement of the belt.

[0010] Preferably, the gravity separation method in S2 adopts at least one of the following: shaking table gravity separation, suspended vibration cone concentrator gravity separation and suspended belt concentrator gravity separation.

[0011] Preferably, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud in S1 is -0.15 mm particle size.

[0012] Preferably, the ratio of wolframite to scheelite in the tungsten fine mud in S1 is (55-100): (45-0).

[0013] Plate-type high-intensity magnetic separators are currently mainly used for the iron removal and purification process of non-metallic raw materials such as potassium-sodium feldspar, quartz sand, kaolin, and nepheline. They can also be used for the separation of various weakly magnetic ores such as hematite, siderite, limonite, and specularite, as well as the recovery of weakly magnetic metals in various tailings, etc. They have not yet been used in tungsten ores. The present invention applies permanent magnet plate-type high-intensity magnetic separators to the recovery of black and white tungsten fine mud resources, and can efficiently recover black and white tungsten mixed fine mud in which white tungsten accounts for more than 20%.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it realizes the effective recovery of fine-grained (such as mud) black and white tungsten fine mud resources, reduces the number of processes, reduces the cost, and firstly directly adopts a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator for magnetic separation and enrichment to discard 85% to 90% of the tailings, greatly reducing the processing pressure of subsequent operations, the recovery process is simple and efficient, and the recovery effect is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a beneficiation method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the beneficiation method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten in the comparative example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technology of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 100%, containing 0.093% WO3, and the tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 55:42, and about 50% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 90.48%, of which the WO3 grade is 0.03% and the metal loss is 29.33%; the WO3 grade in the magnetic concentrate is 0.69%, and the enrichment ratio is 7.50. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is subjected to the shaking table gravity separation method to obtain the final tungsten concentrate, and the final tungsten concentrate has a WO3 grade of 22.31% and a recovery rate of 61.76%.

[0021] Comparative Example 1

[0022] The fineness of the tungsten mud is -0.15mm, accounting for 100%, containing 0.091% WO3. The tungsten mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite. The ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 55:42, and about 50% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The magnetic separation uses SLon-500 high-gradient magnetic separator, with a magnetic separation tailing yield of 74.29%, WO3 grade of 0.03%, and metal loss of 23.68%; the magnetic separation concentrate WO3 grade is 0.27%, and the enrichment ratio is 2.96. The process is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0023] Compared with Example 1, the magnetic separation of Comparative Example 1 adopts a high gradient magnetic separator, and the magnetic separation concentrate yield is large and the enrichment ratio is low; in Example 1, a permanent magnet plate-type strong magnetic separator is adopted, and the magnetic separation concentrate yield is small and the enrichment ratio is high. Specifically, in Example 1, the concentrate yield is 9.52% and the enrichment ratio is 7.50; in Comparative Example 1, the concentrate yield is 25.71% and the enrichment ratio is 2.96.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 100%, containing 0.093% WO3. The tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, and the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 55:42. About 50% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is subjected to magnetic separation and enrichment by a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain a magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 90.48%, of which the WO3 grade is 0.03% and the metal loss is 29.33%; the WO3 grade in the magnetic concentrate is 0.69%, and the enrichment ratio is 7.50. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a suspended cone concentrator, and the final tungsten concentrate has a WO3 grade of 20.14% and a recovery rate of 60.03%. The process is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size accounting for 100%, containing 0.092% WO3, wherein tungsten mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, the ratio of the two is about 55:42, and about 50% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is subjected to magnetic separation and enrichment by a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain a magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 90.48%, of which the WO3 grade is 0.03% and the metal loss is 29.33%; the WO3 grade in the magnetic concentrate is 0.69%, and the enrichment ratio is 7.50. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a suspended belt concentrator, and finally a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 21.27% and a recovery rate of 60.66% is obtained.

[0028] Example 4

[0029] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 94.13%, containing 0.21% WO3, and the tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, with the ratio of wolframite to scheelite being 58:38, of which about 62% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain a magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 87.21%, of which the WO3 grade is 0.068% and the metal loss is 28.24%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate is 1.16%, and the enrichment ratio is 5.52. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a shaking table, and finally a tungsten concentrate WO3 grade of 45.40% and a recovery rate of 60.17% are obtained.

[0030] Comparative Example 2

[0031] The fineness of -0.15mm particle size accounts for 94.13% of tungsten fine mud, containing 0.22% WO3, which mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, with the ratio of wolframite to scheelite being 58:38, of which about 62% of WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The magnetic separation adopts SLon-100 high gradient magnetic separator, with a magnetic separation tailing yield of 82.48%, WO3 grade of 0.07%, and metal loss of 25.21%; the magnetic separation concentrate has a WO3 grade of 0.95% and an enrichment ratio of 4.27.

[0032] Compared with Example 4, Comparative Example 2 uses a high gradient magnetic separator for magnetic separation, and the magnetic separation concentrate yield is large and the enrichment ratio is low. Specifically, in Example 4, a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator is used, and the concentrate yield is 12.79% and the enrichment ratio is 5.52; in Comparative Example 2, the concentrate yield is 17.52% and the enrichment ratio is 4.27.

[0033] Example 5

[0034] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 94.13%, containing 0.21% WO3, and the tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, and the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 58:38, of which about 62% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 87.21%, the WO3 grade is 0.068%, and the metal loss is 28.24%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate is 1.16%, and the enrichment ratio is 5.52. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a suspended vibration cone concentrator to obtain a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 43.47% and a recovery rate of 62.79%.

[0035] Example 6

[0036] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 94.13%, containing 0.21% WO3, and the tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, and the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 58:38, of which about 62% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 87.21%, the WO3 grade is 0.068%, and the metal loss is 28.24%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate is 1.16%, and the enrichment ratio is 5.52. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a suspended belt concentrator, and finally a tungsten concentrate WO3 grade of 37.75% and a recovery rate of 65.01% are obtained.

[0037] Example 7

[0038] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 98.12%, containing 0.12% WO3. The tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, and the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 56:40, of which about 55% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 88.16%, the WO3 grade is 0.04%, and the metal loss is 29.37%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate is 0.72%, and the enrichment ratio is 6.0. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a shaking table, and finally a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 22.59% and a recovery rate of 60.43% is obtained.

[0039] Example 8

[0040] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 98.12%, containing 0.12% WO3. The tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, and the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 56:40, of which about 55% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 88.16%, the WO3 grade is 0.04%, and the metal loss is 29.37%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate is 0.72%, and the enrichment ratio is 6.0. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a suspended vibration cone concentrator, and finally a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 23.37% and a recovery rate of 61.95% is obtained.

[0041] Example 9

[0042] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 98.12%, containing 0.12% WO3, and the tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, and the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 56:40, of which about 55% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 88.16%, the WO3 grade is 0.04%, and the metal loss is 29.37%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate is 0.72%, and the enrichment ratio is 6.0. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a suspended belt concentrator, and finally a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 24.81% and a recovery rate of 62.13% is obtained.

[0043] Example 10

[0044] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 92.09%, containing 0.62% WO3, and the tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, and the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 76:23, of which about 40% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 88.00%, the WO3 grade is 0.20%, and the metal loss is 28.39%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate is 3.72%, and the enrichment ratio is 6.0. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a shaking table, and finally a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 51.40% and a recovery rate of 66.26% is obtained.

[0045] Comparative Example 3

[0046] Tungsten fine mud with a fineness of -0.15mm and a particle size of 92.09% was used, containing 0.70% WO3. The tungsten fine mud mainly existed in the form of wolframite and scheelite, with a ratio of 76:23 between wolframite and scheelite, of which about 40% of the WO3 metal content was distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected was magnetically separated by a SLon-500 high gradient magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings were discarded at the same time; the magnetic tailings yield was 75.31%, the WO3 grade was 0.23%, and the metal loss was 24.89%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate was 2.10%, and the enrichment ratio was 3.0. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 was reselected by a shaking table, and finally a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 52.13% and a recovery rate of 60.88% was obtained.

[0047] Compared with Example 10, Comparative Example 3 has the following problems: firstly, the magnetic separation tailings yield of the SLon-500 high gradient magnetic separator is 12.69 percentage points lower, that is, the magnetic separation concentrate yield is large and the enrichment ratio is low, which will lead to high pressure and a large number of equipment in the subsequent re-selection operation; secondly, the recovery rate of the tungsten concentrate WO3 finally obtained is 5.38 percentage points lower.

[0048] Embodiment 11

[0049] In this embodiment, the fineness of the tungsten fine mud to be selected is -0.15mm particle size, accounting for 92.09%, containing 0.62% WO3, and the tungsten fine mud mainly exists in the form of wolframite and scheelite, and the ratio of wolframite to scheelite is 76:23, of which about 40% of the WO3 metal content is distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected is magnetically concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings are discarded at the same time; the tailings discarding yield of the magnetic tailings is 88.00%, the WO3 grade is 0.20%, and the metal loss is 28.39%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate is 3.72%, and the enrichment ratio is 6.0. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is re-selected by a suspended vibration cone concentrator, and finally a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 40.82% and a recovery rate of 63.75% is obtained.

[0050] Comparative Example 4

[0051] Tungsten fine mud with a fineness of -0.15mm and a particle size of 92.09% was used, containing 0.73% WO3. The tungsten fine mud mainly existed in the form of wolframite and scheelite, with a ratio of 76:23 between wolframite and scheelite, of which about 40% of the WO3 metal content was distributed in the -0.01mm particle size. The tungsten fine mud to be selected was magnetically separated by a SLon-500 high gradient magnetic separator to obtain a magnetic concentrate, and the magnetic tailings were discarded at the same time; the magnetic tailings yield was 75.31%, the WO3 grade was 0.23%, and the metal loss was 24.89%; the WO3 grade of the magnetic concentrate was 2.26%, and the enrichment ratio was 3.10. The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 was re-selected by a suspended vibration cone concentrator, and finally a tungsten concentrate with a WO3 grade of 47.09% and a recovery rate of 55.65% was obtained.

[0052] Compared with Example 11, Comparative Example 4 has the following problems: firstly, the magnetic separation tailings yield of the SLon-500 high gradient magnetic separator is 12.69 percentage points lower, that is, the magnetic separation concentrate yield is large and the enrichment ratio is low, which will lead to high pressure and a large number of equipment in the subsequent re-selection operation; secondly, the recovery rate of the tungsten concentrate WO3 finally obtained is 8.10 percentage points lower.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Magnetic separation and tailings discarding: The tungsten fine mud to be selected is concentrated by plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator to obtain magnetic separation concentrate, and the magnetic separation tailings are discarded at the same time; S2, gravity separation: The magnetic concentrate obtained in S1 is subjected to gravity separation to obtain the final tungsten concentrate.

2. The method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten by using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S1, the discarded magnetic separation tailings account for 85% to 90% of the tungsten fine mud to be selected.

3. The method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten by using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S1, the plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator is a permanent magnet plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator.

4. The method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten by using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gravity separation method in S2 adopts at least one of the following: shaking table gravity separation, suspended vibration cone concentrator gravity separation and suspended belt concentrator gravity separation.

5. The method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten by using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fineness of the tungsten fine mud in S1 is -0.15 mm.

6. The method for recovering fine-grained black and white tungsten by using a plate-type high-intensity magnetic separator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ratio of wolframite to scheelite in the tungsten fine mud in S1 is (55-100): (45-0).

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