A kind of fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-wall light window type parts

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of ultra-precision machine tool processing, and particularly relates to a kind of clamps for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window type parts, comprising positioning pin, support disc, support seat, clamp base, clamp pressing plate and bottom plate, bottom plate is used to be connected with the main shaft of processing machine tool or processing turntable, clamp pressing plate is pressed in clamp base, clamp base and clamp pressing plate are all fixed on bottom plate, multiple support seats are all rotatably installed in clamp base;Positioning pin is a ball head positioning pin, multiple positioning pins are installed in support seat and used for positioning and clamping thin-walled light window type parts;Wherein, support disc is used to be placed on the lower surface of thin-walled light window type part during processing to support thin-walled light window type part.The purpose of the clamp for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window type parts is to solve the problem of low relative position accuracy of two surfaces when thin-walled parts are clamped for double-sided processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machine tool processing technology, specifically to a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing integration of modern military equipment, optical systems for detection, imaging, and aiming in airborne weapons and other applications require further improvements in imaging resolution, field of view, imaging quality, and detection range, while the weight and size of these systems are constantly being reduced. Traditional machine tools can no longer meet the requirements of weapons and equipment for advanced optical systems, and the parts of these optical systems require ultra-precision machine tools for processing.

[0003] Thin-walled optical components, such as light windows, require high precision. They are generally thin and prone to deformation during clamping. The materials used are often hard-brittle or soft-brittle transparent materials, making them susceptible to defects like chipping at the clamping point. To achieve excellent optical performance, the two surfaces are often aspherical, with positional error requirements in the micrometer range, surface shape accuracy requirements in the sub-micrometer range for each surface, and surface roughness requirements in the nanometer range. Because the manufacturing of these precision optical components can only be achieved using single-point diamond turning, they are entirely dependent on ultra-precision machine tools. Given the deformable, brittle, and high-precision characteristics of these thin-walled optical components, specialized thin-walled component fixtures are essential.

[0004] Therefore, the inventors have provided a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] This invention provides a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts, which solves the technical problem of low relative positional accuracy of the two sides when clamping thin-walled parts for double-sided machining.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] This invention provides a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts, including locating pins, support plates, support seats, fixture bases, fixture pressure plates, and a bottom plate. The bottom plate is used to connect to the spindle of a machine tool or a machining rotary table. The fixture pressure plate is pressed onto the fixture base, and both the fixture base and the fixture pressure plate are fixed to the bottom plate. Multiple support seats are rotatably mounted on the fixture base. The locating pins are ball-head locating pins, and multiple locating pins are mounted on the support seats and used for positioning and clamping the thin-walled optical window parts. The support plate is used to place on the lower surface of the thin-walled optical window parts during machining to support them.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning pin includes a positioning ball head, a centering optical axis, and a fixing part. The positioning ball head and the fixing part are respectively installed at both ends of the centering optical axis. The positioning ball head is adapted to the ball socket of the thin-walled light window type part and is used for clamping and positioning. The centering optical axis is used for centering. The fixing part is coaxial with the centering optical axis and is installed on the support base.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts also includes a vibration damping block, which is installed in the mounting hole of the support plate and is used for flexible contact with the thin-walled light window parts.

[0011] Furthermore, the multiple vibration isolation blocks are distributed in a circular array.

[0012] Furthermore, the vibration isolation block is cylindrical.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts also includes a rotating shaft pin, the two ends of which are connected to the support base and the fixture base, respectively, and each support base rotates through the corresponding rotating shaft pin.

[0014] Furthermore, the support base is provided with a rotating shaft hole and a positioning hole, the positioning pin is threaded to the positioning hole, and the rotating shaft pin passes through the rotating shaft hole to drive the support base to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning hole includes an optical hole and a threaded hole that are interconnected. The optical hole is used for positioning, and the positioning pin is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the support base is also provided with a locking hole, and a fastener passes through the locking hole and is used to eliminate the clearance between the locating pin and the support base.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixture base, the fixture pressure plate, and the bottom plate are all annular structures.

[0018] (3) Beneficial effects

[0019] In summary, this invention connects a base plate to the spindle of a machine tool or a machining turntable, with the fixture base and fixture pressure plate fixed on the base plate, and a support base fixed on the fixture base, for positioning and clamping thin-walled light window-like parts. During machining, the support plate located below the thin-walled light window-like parts supports the parts to reduce deformation caused by cutting forces. After the upper surface of the thin-walled light window-like parts is machined, the base plate is detached from the machine tool, the support plate is installed above the machined upper surface, the fixture is flipped and fixed to the base plate, and the base plate is connected and fixed to the spindle of the machine tool or the machining turntable for machining of the lower surface. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a thin-walled light window type part provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural front view of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view of plane AA in the middle;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB section view in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The CC section view in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 DD section view in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 EE section view in the middle;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a top view of the structure of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 HH plane sectional view in the middle;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning pin of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a structural axial view of a support base for a fixture used for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a front view of the structure of a support base for a fixture used for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 yes Figure 12Sectional view of plane II in the middle;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture base of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 1-Positioning pin; 101-Positioning ball head; 102-Centering optical axis; 103-Fixing part; 2-Support plate; 3-Support base; 301-Rotating shaft hole; 302-Positioning hole; 303-Locking hole; 4-Clamping base; 5-Clamping pressure plate; 6-Base plate; 7-Vibration damping block; 8-Rotating shaft pin; 9-First fastener; 10-Second fastener; 11-Third fastener; 12-Fourth fastener; 13-Fifth fastener; 100-Thin-walled light window type parts. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of the present invention by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and any modifications, substitutions and improvements to the parts, components and connection methods are covered without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "install" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figures 2-9 The fixture may include a locating pin 1, a support plate 2, a support base 3, a fixture base 4, a fixture pressure plate 5, and a base plate 6. The base plate 6 is used to connect to the spindle of a machine tool or a machining rotary table. The fixture pressure plate 5 is pressed onto the fixture base 4. Both the fixture base 4 and the fixture pressure plate 5 are fixed on the base plate 6. Multiple support bases 3 are rotatably mounted on the fixture base 4. The locating pin 1 is a ball-headed locating pin. Multiple locating pins 1 are mounted on the support base 3 and are used to position and clamp the thin-walled light window type part 100. The support plate 2 is used to place on the lower surface of the thin-walled light window type part 100 during processing to support the thin-walled light window type part 100.

[0045] In the above embodiments, the structure of the thin-walled light window type part 100 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, both its upper and lower surfaces are aspherical surfaces, designed according to the optical system. A ball-and-socket structure a is provided on its positioning surface for clamping and positioning during the machining of the upper and lower surfaces b. The measurement and alignment reference during machining is the reference surface c, used for positioning and alignment during multiple machining processes. When the clamping angle and posture of the thin-walled light window part 100 need adjustment, the screws are loosened, and the screw tightening force is used to rotate all the support seats 3. The tightening state is controlled by the tightening force of the positioning pin 1. After tightening, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, each support base 3 is secured using a first fastener 9 (specifically, a screw) installed within the clamp base 7. Figure 3 As shown, the fixture base 4 is fixed to the base plate 6 using a second fastener 10 (which can be a screw), and the base plate 6 is connected to the machine tool spindle or machining rotary table using a third fastener 11 (which can be a screw). Figure 9 As shown, the clamping plate 5 is fixed to the base plate 6 using the fifth fastener 13 (which can be a screw). The screws are used to eliminate the gap between each support 3 and its corresponding locating pin 1, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, the fourth fastener 12 (which can be a lock nut) is used to fix the corresponding positioning pin 1 for anti-loosening.

[0046] During machining, two surfaces can be machined in one setup. Assuming the part is placed horizontally, the machined surfaces are the upper and lower surfaces. First, when machining the upper surface of the thin-walled light window part 100, a support plate 2 is installed below the thin-walled light window part 100 to support it and reduce deformation caused by cutting forces during machining. After machining the upper surface of the thin-walled light window part 100, the base plate 6 is detached from the machine tool. The support plate 2 is then installed on the upper surface of the thin-walled light window part 100. The fixture base 4, fixture pressure plate 5, and the thin-walled light window part 100 are flipped up and down to form the integral component. This integral component is then fixed to the base plate 6, and the base plate 6 is connected and fixed to the machine tool spindle or machining turntable. Next, the machining of the other surface of the thin-walled light window part 100 can be performed.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, such as Figures 15-17 As shown, the fixture base 4, fixture pressure plate 5, and base plate 6 are all ring-shaped structures, which facilitates processing.

[0048] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 10 As shown, the positioning pin 1 includes a positioning ball head 101, a centering optical axis 102, and a fixing part 103. The positioning ball head 101 and the fixing part 103 are respectively installed at both ends of the centering optical axis 102. The positioning ball head 101 is adapted to the ball socket of the thin-walled light window type part 100 and is used for clamping and positioning. The centering optical axis 102 is used for centering. The fixing part 103 is coaxial with the centering optical axis 102 and is installed on the support base 3. The centering optical axis 102 is threadedly connected to the inner cavity of the fixing part 103.

[0049] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts also includes vibration damping blocks 7. These blocks 7 are installed within the mounting holes of the support plate 2 and are used for flexible contact with the thin-walled optical window part 100. Furthermore, the vibration damping blocks 7 can suppress vibrations generated by cutting forces during machining. Moreover, multiple vibration damping blocks 7 are arranged in a circumferential array, and each block 7 is cylindrical. The circumferential array of vibration damping blocks 7 ensures the overall vibration damping effect of the fixture, and the cylindrical structure facilitates machining and installation.

[0050] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled light window parts also includes a rotating shaft pin 8. The two ends of the rotating shaft pin 8 are connected to the support base 3 and the fixture base 4, respectively. Each support base 3 rotates on the upper surface of the fixture base 4 through the corresponding rotating shaft pin 8.

[0051] As an optional implementation method, such as Figures 11-13As shown, the support base 3 has a rotating shaft hole 301 and a positioning hole 302. The positioning pin 1 is threaded into the positioning hole 302, and the rotating shaft pin 8 passes through the rotating shaft hole 301 to drive the support base 3 to rotate. The positioning hole 302 includes a smooth hole and a threaded hole that communicate with each other. The smooth hole is used for positioning, and the positioning pin 1 is threaded into the threaded hole. Furthermore, the support base 3 also has a locking hole 303. A fastener passes through the locking hole 303 and is used to eliminate the clearance between the positioning pin 1 and the support base 3.

[0052] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the figures. Furthermore, for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods and techniques are omitted here.

[0053] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts, characterized in that, The fixture includes a positioning pin (1), a support plate (2), a support seat (3), a fixture base (4), a fixture pressure plate (5), and a base plate (6). The base plate (6) is used to connect with the spindle of a machine tool or a machining turntable. The fixture pressure plate (5) is pressed onto the fixture base (4). The fixture base (4) and the fixture pressure plate (5) are both fixed on the base plate (6). Multiple support seats (3) are rotatably mounted on the fixture base (4). The positioning pin (1) is a ball-headed positioning pin. Multiple positioning pins (1) are mounted on the support seat (3) and are used to position and clamp thin-walled light window type parts (100). The support plate (2) is used to be placed on the lower surface of the thin-walled light window type parts (100) during processing to support the thin-walled light window type parts (100).

2. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning pin (1) includes a positioning ball head (101), a centering optical axis (102), and a fixing part (103). The positioning ball head (101) and the fixing part (103) are respectively installed at both ends of the centering optical axis (102). The positioning ball head (101) is adapted to the ball socket of the thin-walled light window part (100) and is used for clamping and positioning. The centering optical axis (102) is used for centering. The fixing part (103) is coaxial with the centering optical axis (102) and is installed on the support base (3).

3. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vibration isolation block (7), which is installed in the mounting hole of the support plate (2) and is used to flexibly contact the thin-walled light window part (100).

4. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multiple vibration isolation blocks (7) are arranged in a circular array.

5. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The vibration isolation block (7) is cylindrical.

6. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a rotating pin (8), the two ends of which are connected to the support base (3) and the clamp base (4) respectively, and each support base (3) rotates through the corresponding rotating pin (8).

7. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support base (3) has a rotating shaft hole (301) and a positioning hole (302). The positioning pin (1) is threaded to the positioning hole (302), and the rotating shaft pin (8) passes through the rotating shaft hole (301) to drive the support base (3) to rotate.

8. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning hole (302) includes an optical hole and a threaded hole that are interconnected. The optical hole is used for positioning, and the positioning pin (1) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

9. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The support base (3) is also provided with a locking hole (303), and the fastener passes through the locking hole (303) and is used to eliminate the shaft hole fit gap between the positioning pin (1) and the support base (3).

10. The fixture for ultra-precision machining of thin-walled optical window parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture base (4), the fixture pressure plate (5), and the base plate (6) are all ring-shaped structures.

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